Well backwashing coal crushing device and coal crushing method thereof
By designing a backwash well coal crushing device, which uses a coal crushing pen tip and a hydrocyclone to crush large coal particles in the well shaft, the problem of well shaft blockage in existing technologies has been solved, achieving efficient cleaning and extending the pump inspection cycle.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411271480.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, hydraulic cleaning and nitrogen well washing processes are easily blocked by large coal particles when cleaning coalbed methane wellbores, resulting in low construction efficiency, repeated tripping of tubing, and affecting the normal operation of downhole equipment.
Design a reverse-wash well coal crushing device, including a coal breaking section and a coal crushing section. Large coal particles are initially crushed using a coal breaking pen tip and a hydrocyclone, and further crushed through a hydrocyclone channel and a coal crushing cone. Cleaning is achieved by combining a short oil pipe section and a high-pressure hose.
It effectively cleans large-diameter coal particles in the wellbore, improves the cleaning effect of L-shaped horizontal wells, extends the pump inspection cycle, simplifies construction operations, and facilitates on-site promotion.
Smart Images
Figure CN121654355A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of coalbed methane extraction technology, and in particular to a reverse-wash well coal crushing device and its coal crushing method. Background Technology
[0002] Coalbed methane, as an unconventional oil and gas resource, is an important component of my country's energy structure. Its efficient development is crucial for alleviating the supply-demand imbalance in my country's energy mix, ensuring energy security, and optimizing the production capacity structure. my country is rich in coalbed methane resources, with a total resource volume of approximately 30 × 10¹² m³. 3 It ranks third in the world, with recoverable resources of approximately 12.5 × 10¹² m³. 3 .
[0003] L-shaped horizontal wells are the main type of well used in current coalbed methane development and have been widely promoted in major coalbed methane fields across the country. The hydraulic jet fracturing process enables the segmented transformation of L-shaped horizontal wells, thereby increasing the gas production of a single well. However, as the gas production time increases, a large amount of coal blocks are returned from the wellbore, causing blockages in the wellbore. This results in downhole pump jams and blockages accounting for more than 50% of the total number of pump inspections throughout the year.
[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that during the current process of cleaning wellbores using hydraulic cleaning, nitrogen well washing, and other processes, the tubing is often blocked by large coal particles, causing repeated tubing tripping and affecting construction efficiency. The same problem also occurs in the cleaning of vertical wells, cave wells, and L-shaped screen pipe horizontal wells. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to clean up large coal particles and other deposits in the wellbore, reduce the impact on the underground drainage equipment, and extend the pump inspection cycle, this application provides a backwash well coal crushing device and a coal crushing method thereof.
[0006] This application provides a reverse-washing coal crushing device, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A reverse-wash well coal crushing device includes a coal crushing section at the bottom, a coal crushing section at the top, and the coal crushing section is in relative communication with the interior of the coal crushing section. An oil pipe is provided at the top of the coal crushing section, and the interior of the oil pipe is in relative communication with the interior of the coal crushing section.
[0008] Optionally, the coal breaking section includes a coal breaking pipe, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to a coal breaking pen tip, the bottom end of which extends out from the bottom end of the coal breaking pipe, and the coal breaking pen tip has a coal inlet channel that communicates with the inside of the coal breaking pipe.
[0009] Optionally, the tip angle of the coal-breaking pen tip is 30°-45°.
[0010] Optionally, the coal crushing section includes a coal crushing pipe, and a coal crushing cone is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coal crushing pipe. Multiple coal crushing cones are arranged inside the coal crushing pipe and are distributed in a spiral shape.
[0011] Optionally, the coal crushing cone includes conical components and rectangular components. Multiple conical components are provided and are distributed in a spiral shape. Multiple rectangular components are provided and are arranged in a spiral shape. The spiral structure formed by the conical components and the rectangular components is staggered along the height direction.
[0012] Optionally, multiple sets of the crushed coal sections are arranged along the height direction, and a short oil pipe section is provided between two adjacent sets of crushed coal sections. The end of the short oil pipe section is fixedly connected to the end of the crushed coal section.
[0013] Optionally, a hydrocyclone is provided between the coal crushing section and the coal breaking section, and the interior of the hydrocyclone is in relative communication with the interior of the coal crushing section.
[0014] Optionally, the hydrocyclone includes a hydrocyclone tube, and the hydrocyclone tube has a vertically formed hydrocyclone channel inside, the hydrocyclone channel having a spiral structure.
[0015] This application also provides a coal crushing method, characterized in that it is applied to the aforementioned reverse-wash well coal crushing device, the method comprising:
[0016] S10: Lower the well washing string to the obstruction position or the position -m before the fracturing point, inject cleaning medium into the tubing to perform a backwashing operation and clean up the deposited large coal particles.
[0017] S20: Large coal particles enter the interior of the crushing section from the coal breaking section, achieving the purpose of coal breaking;
[0018] S30: Once the influent and effluent water quality are consistent and there is no more backflow, stop the pump and continue lowering the tubing string for cleaning until the bottom of the manhole is reached.
[0019] Optionally, in S10, when encountering a difficult-to-clean section, the tubing is moved up and down repeatedly to use the coal breaking section to initially crush large coal particles and other sediments, which can then enter the tubing through the coal breaking section.
[0020] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0021] It is suitable for cleaning large-diameter coal particles and other sediments in L-shaped horizontal wells of coalbed methane, improving the cleaning effect of L-shaped horizontal wells of coalbed methane, extending the pump inspection cycle, and achieving good cleaning results; the construction operation is simple, the processing is convenient, and it is easy to promote in the field. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a reverse-washing coal crushing device in an embodiment of this application.
[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a reverse-washing coal crushing device in an embodiment of this application.
[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Oil pipe; 2. Coal crushing section; 21. Coal crushing pipe; 22. Coal crushing tip; 221. Coal crushing disc; 222. Coal inlet channel; 3. Hydrocyclone; 31. Hydrocyclone tube; 32. Hydrocyclone channel; 4. Coal crushing section; 41. Coal crushing pipe; 42. Oil pipe sub; 43. Coal crushing cone; 431. Conical component; 432. Rectangular component. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.
[0028] This application discloses a backwashing coal crushing device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 A backwash well coal crushing device includes a vertically arranged oil pipe 1, with a coal crushing device threadedly fixed to the bottom end of the oil pipe 1. The interior of the coal crushing device is in communication with the interior of the oil pipe 1. The coal crushing device includes a coal crushing section 2 located away from the end of the oil pipe 1, and a hydrocyclone 3 coaxially arranged at the top end of the coal crushing section 2. The interior of the hydrocyclone 3 is in communication with the interior of the coal crushing section 2. A coal crushing section 4 is coaxially arranged at the top end of the hydrocyclone 3, with the interior of the coal crushing section 4 in communication with the interior of the hydrocyclone 3, and the top end of the coal crushing section 4 is threadedly fixed to the bottom end of the oil pipe 1.
[0029] The coal crushing section 2 includes a coal crushing pipe 21, which is a hollow pipe body. A coal crushing pen tip 22 is fixedly connected inside the coal crushing pipe 21. The bottom end of the coal crushing pen tip 22 extends from the bottom end of the coal crushing pipe 21, and the tip angle of the bottom end of the coal crushing pen tip 22 is 30°-45°. The coal crushing pen tip 22 located at the bottom end of the coal crushing pipe 21 is used to crush large particles located below the shaft.
[0030] The coal breaking pen tip 22 includes two coal breaking pieces 221 arranged opposite to each other. The two coal breaking pieces 221 are fixedly connected, and a coal inlet channel 222 is formed between the two adjacent coal breaking pieces 221. The coal inlet channel 222 connects the outside world with the inside of the coal breaking pipe 21, so that particles from the outside world can enter the inside of the coal breaking pipe 21 through the coal inlet channel 222.
[0031] The hydrocyclone 3 includes a hydrocyclone tube 31, the hydrocyclone tank is a tubular structure, and the hydrocyclone tank is coaxially arranged with the coal crushing pipe 21. The top end of the hydrocyclone tube 31 is threadedly fixedly connected to the coal crushing section 4, and the bottom end of the hydrocyclone tube 31 is threadedly fixedly connected to the coal crushing pipe 21.
[0032] A swirling channel 32 is provided inside the hydrocyclone 3. The bottom end of the swirling channel 32 is connected to the interior of the coal crushing pipe 21, allowing particles inside the coal crushing pipe 21 to enter the interior of the swirling channel 32. The top end of the swirling channel 32 is connected to the interior of the coal crushing section 4, allowing particles accelerated and guided by the swirling channel 32 to enter the interior of the coal crushing section 4 for crushing.
[0033] The swirling channel 32 has a spiral structure, which allows particles from inside the coal crushing pipe 21 to enter the swirling channel 32 for movement and guidance. After being guided, the particles can enter the coal crushing section 4 and move along the inner wall, thereby improving the subsequent crushing degree.
[0034] The coal crushing section 4 includes a coal crushing pipe 41. There can be one coal crushing pipe 41 or multiple coal crushing pipes 41 along the height direction. When multiple coal crushing pipes 41 are set, an oil pipe short section 42 is set between two adjacent coal crushing pipes 41. The two ends of the oil pipe short section 42 are respectively threaded and fixedly connected to the two coal crushing pipes 41, and the interior of the oil pipe short section 42 is relatively connected to the interior of the two coal crushing pipes 41.
[0035] The top end of the coal crushing pipe 41 is threadedly fixed to the oil pipe 1, and the interior of the coal crushing pipe 41 is relatively connected to the interior of the oil pipe 1. The bottom end of the coal crushing pipe 41 is threadedly fixed to the hydrocyclone 3, and the interior of the coal crushing pipe 41 is relatively connected to the interior of the hydrocyclone 3.
[0036] A coal crushing cone 43 is provided on the inner wall of the coal crushing pipe 41. In some embodiments, the coal crushing cone 43 can be divided into a conical component 431 and a rectangular component 432. The conical component 431 has a conical structure. Multiple conical components 431 are provided, and the multiple conical components 431 form a spiral structure. The multiple conical components 431 are distributed equidistantly along the circumference along the projection in the vertical direction, with a total of 4.
[0037] The rectangular component 432 has a rectangular structure, and multiple rectangular components 432 are provided. The multiple rectangular components 432 form a spiral structure. The spiral structure provided by the rectangular component 432 has the same spiral direction as the spiral structure provided by the conical component 431, and the spiral structure formed by the rectangular component 432 and the spiral structure formed by the conical component 431 are staggered along the height direction.
[0038] The particles inside the hydrocyclone 3 are guided by the cyclone channel 32, allowing them to move in a spiral shape along the inner wall of the coal crushing pipe 41. The particles then collide with the coal crushing cone 43, which further crushes them.
[0039] A high-pressure hose can be connected to the top of the oil pipe 1, and the end of the high-pressure hose opposite to the oil pipe 1 is connected to the pump truck.
[0040] This application also provides a coal crushing method, which is applied to the aforementioned coal crushing apparatus. The coal crushing method includes:
[0041] S10: Lower the well washing string to the obstruction position or 5-10m before the fracturing point, inject clean water or nitrogen foam into the annulus of the casing to perform a backwashing operation, and clean up the deposited large coal particles. If a difficult section is encountered during the well washing process, move the string up and down repeatedly, and use the coal breaking pen tip 22 to initially cut up the large coal particles and other deposits, which can then enter the string through the coal breaking pen tip 22.
[0042] S20: First, the coal particles pass through the coal crushing tip 22 and then through the hydrocyclone 3 to rotate and enter the coal crushing pipe 41. They then impact the inner wall of the coal crushing pipe 41, where multiple coal crushing cones 43 are embedded. The coal particles continuously impact each other, thus achieving the purpose of coal crushing.
[0043] S30: Once the influent and effluent water quality are consistent and there is no more backflow, stop the pump and continue lowering the tubing string for cleaning until the bottom of the manhole is reached.
[0044] In this invention, the term "multiple" refers to at least two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0045] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims
1. A reverse-wash coal crushing device, characterized in that: It includes a coal breaking section (2) located at the bottom, and a coal crushing section (4) is provided at the top of the coal breaking section (2). The coal crushing section (4) is in relative communication with the interior of the coal breaking section (2). An oil pipe (1) is provided at the top of the coal crushing section (4), and the interior of the oil pipe (1) is in relative communication with the interior of the coal crushing section (4).
2. The reverse-wash well coal crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal breaking section (2) includes a coal breaking pipe (21), and a coal breaking pen tip (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the coal breaking pipe (21). The bottom end of the coal breaking pen tip (22) extends out from the bottom end of the coal breaking pipe (21), and the coal breaking pen tip (22) has a coal inlet channel (222) that is relatively connected to the inside of the coal breaking pipe (21).
3. The reverse-wash well coal crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tip angle of the coal-breaking pen tip (22) is 30°-45°.
4. The reverse-wash well coal crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal crushing section (4) includes a coal crushing pipe (41), and a coal crushing cone (43) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coal crushing pipe (41). Multiple coal crushing cones (43) are arranged inside the coal crushing pipe (41), and the multiple coal crushing cones (43) are distributed in a spiral shape.
5. The reverse-washing coal crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coal crushing cone (43) includes a conical component (431) and a rectangular component (432). Multiple conical components (431) are provided and are arranged in a spiral shape. Multiple rectangular components (432) are provided and are arranged in a spiral shape. The spiral structure formed by the conical components (431) and the rectangular components (432) is staggered along the height direction.
6. The reverse-wash well coal crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coal crushing section (4) is arranged in multiple groups along the height direction. An oil pipe short section (42) is arranged between two adjacent groups of coal crushing sections (4). The end of the oil pipe short section (42) is fixedly connected to the end of the coal crushing section (4).
7. The reverse-washing coal crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrocyclone (3) is provided between the coal breaking section (2) and the coal crushing section (4). The interior of the hydrocyclone (3) is in relative communication with the interior of the coal breaking section (2) and the interior of the coal crushing section (4).
8. The reverse-washing coal crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cyclone separator (3) includes a cyclone tube (31), and a cyclone channel (32) is vertically opened inside the cyclone tube (31). The cyclone channel (32) has a spiral structure.
9. A method for crushing coal, characterized in that, The method, applied to the backwashing coal crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, comprises: S10: Lower the well washing string to the obstruction position or 5-10m in front of the fracturing point, inject the cleaning medium into the tubing (1) to perform a backwashing operation, and clean up the deposited large coal particles. S20: Large coal particles enter the interior of the crushing section (4) from the coal breaking section (2) to achieve the purpose of coal breaking; S30: Once the influent and effluent water quality are consistent and there is no more backflow, stop the pump and continue lowering the tubing string for cleaning until the bottom of the manhole is reached.
10. The coal crushing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S10, when encountering a difficult-to-clean section, the tubing is moved up and down repeatedly. The coal breaking section (2) is used to initially break up large coal particles and other sediments, which can then enter the tubing through the coal breaking section (2).