A multi-stage graded crushing device and method for metal mining

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-stage graded crushing device and method for metal mining, belonging to the technical field of mining equipment. It includes a vehicle body, a mining mechanism, and a crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism is located above the vehicle body. The mining mechanism is constructed by mounting a robotic arm at the front end of the vehicle body. The mining mechanism includes a frame, a tunneling component, and a dust collection component. The rear bottom end of the frame is hinged to the top end of the robotic arm. The tunneling component is located inside the frame. The dust collection component includes multiple sliding rods, multiple sets of limiting components, a dust collection device, a collection pipe, and multiple first flexible hoses. The sliding rods are hollow inside and have horizontally opened suction ports facing the tunneling component. The suction ports are connected to the interior of the sliding rods. The interiors of the multiple sliding rods are connected to the collection pipe through multiple first flexible hoses. A receiving mechanism is provided at the bottom front end of the frame to receive the mined crushed ore. This invention effectively solves the problem of equipment being unable to effectively handle dust during mining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining equipment technology, specifically to a multi-stage graded crushing device and method for metal mining. Background Technology

[0002] During mining, metal mines use mechanical tunneling and other methods to separate hard rock from the original rock mass, thereby extracting the metal ore from the mine. The extracted ore needs to be crushed to obtain smaller pieces for easier transportation and subsequent processing.

[0003] Mechanical crushing applies forces such as compression, impact, and grinding to break the ore off the mine body. In existing technologies, such as the invention patent with authorization announcement number CN102433829B which discloses a crushing rotor and a self-propelled crushing mining machine, and the invention patent application with publication number CN104179502A which discloses a mining machine, when the above equipment is mining ore, the fine particles in the ore and its internal fissures are violently released, forming a high concentration of mineral dust. The above equipment cannot effectively treat the dust during mining. Dust suppression measures such as spraying and sprinkling have limited effect at the source of crushing and may cause slurry, affecting the subsequent mineral processing process and increasing water treatment costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage graded crushing device and method for metal mining, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art above:

[0005] The equipment cannot effectively control dust during mining. Dust suppression measures such as spraying and watering have limited effect at the source of crushing and may cause slurry, affecting subsequent mineral processing and increasing water treatment costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining includes a vehicle body, a mining mechanism, and a crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism is located above the vehicle body, and the mining mechanism is equipped with a robotic arm device at the front end of the vehicle body.

[0008] The mining mechanism includes a frame, a tunneling component, and a dust collection component. The bottom rear end of the frame is hinged to the top end of the robotic arm device, and the tunneling component is located inside the frame.

[0009] The dust collection assembly includes multiple sliding rods, multiple sets of limiting components, a dust collection device, a collection pipe, and multiple first flexible hoses. The multiple sliding rods are all horizontally slidably sleeved in the frame and are respectively arranged on both sides and the top of the frame. Adjacent sliding rods slide in contact with each other. The dust collection device is fixedly installed at the top of the frame. The collection pipe is arched and fixedly installed on the outside of the frame by multiple brackets. The output end of the collection pipe is fixedly connected to the input end of the dust collection device. The sliding rod is hollow inside and has a suction port horizontally opened on one side facing the excavation assembly. The suction port is connected to the inside of the sliding rod. The inside of the multiple sliding rods is connected to the collection pipe by multiple first flexible hoses.

[0010] The front bottom side of the frame is equipped with a receiving mechanism for receiving the mined ore.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting component includes a card holder and a first spring. The card holder is horizontally fixedly installed on the rear side of the frame, and the first spring is horizontally sleeved on the rear side of the slide rod, with its two ends respectively fixedly connected to the rear end of the middle section of the slide rod and the front side of the tail end of the card holder. The tail end of the slide rod is slidably sleeved in the card holder.

[0012] Furthermore, the receiving mechanism includes multiple insert plates, a horizontal plate, multiple second springs, a spiral roller, a motor, and a telescopic tube. The horizontal plate is horizontally fixedly installed on the bottom side of the frame. The multiple insert plates are horizontally slidably sleeved on the front end of the horizontal plate. The multiple second springs are all horizontally arranged inside the horizontal plate, and their two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the horizontal plate and the tail end of the insert plate. The spiral roller is horizontally rotatably installed on the front side of the bottom end of the frame. A discharge hole is horizontally opened through the middle of the bottom end of the frame. The motor is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom of the side end of the frame, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the spiral roller. Both ends of the telescopic tube are hinged to the middle of the bottom end of the frame and the input end of the crushing mechanism respectively. The top end of the telescopic tube faces the tail end of the discharge hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the tunneling assembly includes a truss, a drill bit device, two sets of first sliding devices and second sliding devices. The truss is horizontally arranged, and its two ends are vertically slidably embedded in the inner walls of both sides of the frame. The second sliding device is horizontally slidably embedded in the truss. The drill bit device is fixedly installed at the front end of the second sliding device. The two sets of first sliding devices are respectively arranged at the rear sides of both ends of the truss to drive the truss to move up and down. The frame is symmetrically arranged with winding mechanisms on the upper and lower sides. The winding mechanism includes a motor, a winding roller, and a sealing film. The winding roller is horizontally rotatably installed in the frame. The motor is fixedly installed in the frame, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the winding roller. The two ends of the sealing film are respectively wound on the winding roller and fixedly installed on the outside of the truss. Two sets of winding mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the truss. The ends of the sealing films in the two winding mechanisms in the truss that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second sliding device.

[0014] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes a housing and multiple jaw crusher units. The housing is horizontally fixedly installed on the upper side of the vehicle body. A crushing chamber is formed inside the upper side of the housing. A feed inlet is formed at the front end of the housing, and a discharge outlet is formed at the rear end of the housing. Both the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are connected to the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber slopes downward from the feed inlet to the inner discharge outlet. The multiple jaw crusher units are distributed along the crushing chamber. The bottom end of the telescopic tube is hinged and rotatably installed inside the feed inlet. Multiple suction tubes are vertically fixedly installed on the top of the housing. The top ends of the multiple suction tubes... The jaw crusher unit is connected by a connecting pipe, the front end of which is fixedly connected to the input end of the dust collection device via a second flexible hose. The jaw crusher unit includes a moving jaw device and a pressure plate. The moving jaw device is located at the top of the crushing chamber, and the pressure plate is horizontally and longitudinally slidably embedded in the upper surface of the bottom side of the crushing chamber. A power device is fixedly installed at the top of the housing, which drives multiple sets of moving jaw devices to operate synchronously through a belt and pulley mechanism. Cleaning mechanisms are provided on both the front and rear sides of the housing. The effective distance between the moving jaw devices and the pressure plate in the multiple sets of jaw crusher units decreases sequentially from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the cleaning mechanism includes multiple sets of transmission components, scraper components, side boxes, and material boxes. The side boxes are horizontally fixedly installed on the side of the box body. The material boxes are horizontally arranged, and their two ends are respectively longitudinally slidably embedded in the bottom of the side boxes. The front and rear ends of multiple pressure plates penetrate the box body and enter the interior of the two side boxes. The multiple sets of transmission components correspond to multiple sets of jaw crusher units. The transmission components include a first gear, a second gear, two third gears, a transmission shaft, a reciprocating screw, and two frames. The transmission shaft is vertically rotatably sleeved on the upper side of the side box. The two third gears are respectively fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft. The reciprocating screw is horizontally and longitudinally threaded inside the pressure plate. The two frames are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two side boxes. The two ends of the reciprocating screw are respectively rotatably sleeved in the two frames. The first gear is fixedly sleeved on the end of the rotating shaft of the moving jaw device. The second gear is fixedly sleeved on the end of the reciprocating screw. The first gear has a missing tooth structure and is indirectly and periodically meshed with the upper third gear. The second gear is meshed with the bottom third gear.

[0016] Furthermore, the scraper assembly includes a conveyor belt device and multiple sets of scraping components. The conveyor belt device is fixedly connected to the top of the side box through multiple connecting frames and is inclined. The conveyor belt device is parallel to the pressure plate. The multiple sets of scraping components are all arranged on the outside of the conveyor belt device. The working surface of the pressure plate is concave and convex. The scraping components include a scraper, a clamping plate, and a third spring. The clamping plate is vertically fixedly installed on the outside of the conveyor belt device. The scraper is vertically slidably sleeved in the clamping plate, and a roller is rotatably installed at its outer end. The third spring is arranged in the clamping plate, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner end of the scraper and the inner wall of the clamping plate, respectively.

[0017] A method for multi-stage graded crushing in a metal ore mining apparatus includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Define the area. By cooperating with the vehicle body through the robotic arm device, the mining mechanism is aligned with the working area, thus defining the ore mining area.

[0019] S2: Interception operation. With the cooperation of the dust collection component, the material receiving mechanism and four sets of winding mechanisms, the tunneling component intercepts the working area inside the frame.

[0020] S3: Dust removal operation. In mining operations, the dust collection device adsorbs the dust generated in the work area, achieving efficient dust removal.

[0021] S4: Graded crushing. The mined crushed ore is introduced into the box of the crushing mechanism through the telescopic pipe. In multiple jaw crusher units with gradually decreasing effective compression distance, it is gradually crushed and refined.

[0022] S401: Clean the working surface. With the assistance of the cleaning mechanism, the surface of the pressure plate is cleaned in time to prevent stone from adhering and ensure the high efficiency of crushing.

[0023] S402: Crushing and dust removal. The dust collection device simultaneously adsorbs the dust generated during the crushing process through a suction pipe, a connecting pipe, and a second flexible hose.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-stage graded crushing device and method for metal mining, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) With the cooperation of the tunneling component and the dust collection component, the tunneling area can be defined, and the dust generated during the tunneling process can be sealed and adsorbed to achieve efficient suppression;

[0026] (2) During the crushing process, the cleaning mechanism will clean the pressure plate and remove the debris adhering to the surface of the pressure plate, so as to ensure that the sharp teeth on the surface of the pressure plate contact the ore during the extrusion, so that the ore is fully extruded.

[0027] (3) During the crushing process, the dust collection device performs a suction operation, using a suction pipe to draw the dust generated during the crushing process from the crushing chamber inside the box. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a rear-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 3This is a partial side view cross-sectional diagram of the internal structure of the box in a multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a partial side view cross-sectional diagram of the internal structure of the side box in a multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a rear view partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the mining mechanism in a multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of section A of the structure;

[0034] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B of the structure;

[0035] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the C-section structure;

[0036] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of section D in the middle;

[0037] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of section E in the middle.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Robotic arm device; 3. Frame; 301. Discharge hole; 4. Slide rod; 401. Suction port; 5. Dust collection device; 6. Collector pipe; 7. First flexible hose; 8. Bracket; 9. Card holder; 10. First spring; 11. Insert plate; 12. Horizontal plate; 13. Second spring; 14. Spiral roller; 15. Motor; 16. Telescopic tube; 17. Hinge; 18. Truss; 19. Drill bit device; 20. First sliding device; 21. Second sliding device; 22. Motor; 23. Roller; 24. 25. Sealing film; 25. Box body; 251. Crushing chamber; 252. Feed inlet; 253. Discharge outlet; 26. Suction pipe; 27. Connecting pipe; 28. Second flexible hose; 29. ​​Moving jaw device; 30. Pressure plate; 31. Side box; 32. Material box; 33. First gear; 34. Second gear; 35. Third gear; 36. Drive shaft; 37. Reciprocating screw; 38. Frame; 39. Conveyor belt device; 40. Connecting frame; 41. Scraper; 42. Clamping plate; 43. Third spring; 44. Roller; 45. Power unit. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] See Figures 1-10 A multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining includes a vehicle body 1, a mining mechanism and a crushing mechanism. The crushing mechanism is located above the vehicle body 1, and the mining mechanism is constructed by mounting a robotic arm device 2 at the front end of the vehicle body 1.

[0041] The mining mechanism includes a frame 3, a tunneling component and a dust collection component. The bottom rear end of the frame 3 is hinged to the top of the robotic arm device 2, and the tunneling component is located inside the frame 3.

[0042] The dust collection assembly includes multiple sliding rods 4, multiple sets of limiting components, a dust collection device 5, a collection pipe 6, and multiple first hoses 7. The multiple sliding rods 4 are all horizontally slidably sleeved inside the frame 3 and are respectively set on both sides and the top of the frame 3. Adjacent sliding rods 4 slide in contact with each other. The dust collection device 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the frame 3. The collection pipe 6 is arched and is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame 3 through multiple brackets 8. The output end of the collection pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the input end of the dust collection device 5. The sliding rod 4 is hollow inside and has a suction port 401 horizontally opened on one side facing the tunneling assembly. The suction port 401 is connected to the inside of the sliding rod 4. The inside of the multiple sliding rods 4 is connected to the collection pipe 6 through multiple first hoses 7.

[0043] The front bottom side of frame 3 is equipped with a receiving mechanism to receive the mined ore.

[0044] The limiting component includes a card holder 9 and a first spring 10. The card holder 9 is horizontally fixedly installed on the rear side of the frame 3. The first spring 10 is horizontally sleeved on the rear side of the slide rod 4, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the rear end of the middle part of the slide rod 4 and the front side of the tail end of the card holder 9, respectively. The tail end of the slide rod 4 is slidably sleeved in the card holder 9.

[0045] The receiving mechanism includes multiple insert plates 11, a horizontal plate 12, multiple second springs 13, a spiral roller 14, a motor 15, and a telescopic tube 16. The horizontal plate 12 is horizontally fixedly installed on the bottom side of the frame 3. The multiple insert plates 11 are horizontally slidably sleeved on the front end of the horizontal plate 12. The multiple second springs 13 are all horizontally arranged inside the horizontal plate 12, and their two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the horizontal plate 12 and the tail end of the insert plate 11. The spiral roller 14 is horizontally rotatably installed on the front side of the bottom end of the frame 3. A discharge hole 301 is horizontally opened through the middle of the bottom end of the frame 3. The motor 15 is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom of the side end of the frame 3, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the spiral roller 14. Both ends of the telescopic tube 16 are hinged to the middle of the bottom end of the frame 3 and the input end of the crushing mechanism respectively through hinges 17. The top end of the telescopic tube 16 faces the tail end of the discharge hole 301.

[0046] The tunneling assembly includes a truss 18, a drill bit device 19, two sets of first sliding devices 20 and second sliding devices 21. The truss 18 is horizontally arranged, and its two ends are vertically slidably embedded in the inner walls of both sides of the frame 3. The second sliding device 21 is horizontally slidably embedded in the truss 18. The drill bit device 19 is fixedly installed at the front end of the second sliding device 21. The two sets of first sliding devices 20 are respectively arranged at the rear sides of both ends of the truss 18 to drive the truss 18 to move up and down. The frame 3 is symmetrically arranged with winding mechanisms on the upper and lower sides. The winding mechanism includes a motor 22, a roller 23 and a sealing film 24. The roller 23 is horizontally rotatably installed in the frame 3. The motor 22 is fixedly installed in the frame 3, and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the roller 23. The two ends of the sealing film 24 are respectively wound on the roller 23 and fixedly installed on the outside of the truss 18. Two sets of winding mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the truss 18. The ends of the sealing film 24 in the two winding mechanisms in the truss 18 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second sliding device 21.

[0047] The sealing film 24 is made of transparent material, is puncture resistant, and has high tensile strength.

[0048] The crushing mechanism includes a housing 25 and multiple jaw crusher units. The housing 25 is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the vehicle body 1. A crushing chamber 251 is opened on the upper side of the housing 25. A feed inlet 252 is opened at the front end of the housing 25, and a discharge outlet 253 is opened at the rear end of the housing 25. Both the feed inlet 252 and the discharge outlet 253 are connected to the crushing chamber 251. The crushing chamber 251 slopes downward from the feed inlet 252 to the inner discharge outlet 253. Multiple jaw crusher units are distributed along the crushing chamber 251. The bottom end of the telescopic pipe 16 is rotatably installed in the feed inlet 252 through a hinge 17. Multiple suction pipes 26 are vertically fixedly installed at the top of the 5. The tops of the multiple suction pipes 26 are connected by a connecting pipe 27. The front end of the connecting pipe 27 is fixedly connected to the input end of the dust collection device 5 through a second flexible hose 28. The jaw crusher unit includes a moving jaw device 29 and a pressure plate 30. The moving jaw device 29 is set at the top of the crushing chamber 251. The pressure plate 30 is horizontally and longitudinally slidably embedded in the upper surface of the bottom side of the crushing chamber 251. A power unit 45 is fixedly installed at the top of the box 25. The multiple moving jaw devices 29 are driven to operate synchronously through a belt and pulley mechanism. Cleaning mechanisms are provided on the front and rear sides of the box 25.

[0049] Jaw crusher units are existing technology. They crush ore through the eccentric movement of the moving jaw plate and the squeezing action between the stationary jaw plate. In this scheme, the pressure plate 30 is the stationary jaw plate, and the side closest to the moving jaw device 29 is the working surface. In multiple jaw crusher units, the effective distance between the moving jaw device 29 and the pressure plate 30 decreases sequentially from the feed inlet 252 to the discharge outlet 253.

[0050] The cleaning mechanism includes multiple transmission components, a scraper assembly, side boxes 31, and a material box 32. The side boxes 31 are horizontally fixedly installed on the side of the housing 25. The material box 32 is horizontally arranged, with its two ends sliding longitudinally and embedded in the bottom of the side boxes 31. Multiple pressure plates 30 penetrate the housing 25 at both ends and enter the interior of the two side boxes 31. The multiple transmission components correspond to multiple jaw crusher units. The transmission components include a first gear 33, a second gear 34, two third gears 35, a drive shaft 36, a reciprocating screw 37, and two frames 38. The drive shaft 36 is vertically rotatably mounted on the side boxes 31. On the upper side, two third gears 35 are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft 36, respectively. The reciprocating screw 37 is horizontally and longitudinally threaded inside the pressure plate 30. The two frames 38 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two side boxes 31, respectively. The two ends of the reciprocating screw 37 are rotatably sleeved in the two frames 38, respectively. The first gear 33 is fixedly sleeved at the end of the rotating shaft of the moving jaw device 29, and the second gear 34 is fixedly sleeved at the end of the reciprocating screw 37. The first gear 33 has a tooth-deficient structure and is indirectly and periodically meshed with the third gear 35 on the upper side. The second gear 34 is meshed with the third gear 35 on the bottom side.

[0051] The scraper assembly includes a conveyor belt device 39 and multiple sets of scraping components. The conveyor belt device 39 is fixedly connected to the top of the side box 31 through multiple connecting frames 40 and is inclined. The conveyor belt device 39 is parallel to the pressure plate 30. The multiple sets of scraping components are all located on the outside of the conveyor belt device 39. The working surface of the pressure plate 30 is concave and convex. The scraping components include a scraper 41, a clamping plate 42 and a third spring 43. The clamping plate 42 is vertically fixedly installed on the outside of the conveyor belt device 39. The scraper 41 is vertically slidably sleeved in the clamping plate 42, and a roller 44 is rotatably installed at its outer end. The third spring 43 is located in the clamping plate 42, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner end of the scraper 41 and the inner wall of the clamping plate 42, respectively.

[0052] A multi-stage graded crushing method for metal ore mining:

[0053] S1: Limiting the scope, by cooperating with the mechanical arm device 2 and the vehicle body 1, the mining mechanism is aligned with the working area, thus limiting the ore mining area;

[0054] S2: Interception operation. With the cooperation of the dust collection component, the material receiving mechanism and four sets of winding mechanisms, the tunneling component intercepts the working area within the frame 3.

[0055] S3: Dust removal operation. In mining operations, the dust collection device 5 adsorbs the dust generated in the working area, achieving efficient dust removal.

[0056] S4: Graded crushing. The mined crushed ore is introduced into the box 25 of the crushing mechanism through the telescopic pipe 16. It is gradually crushed and refined in multiple jaw crusher units with gradually decreasing effective compression distance.

[0057] S401: Clean the working surface. With the cooperation of the cleaning mechanism, the surface of the pressure plate 30 is cleaned in time to prevent stone from adhering and ensure the high efficiency of crushing.

[0058] S402: Crushing and dust removal, the dust collection device 5 simultaneously adsorbs the dust generated during the crushing process through the suction pipe 26, the connecting pipe 27 and the second flexible hose 28.

[0059] The working principle of the multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining provided in this invention application is as follows:

[0060] The vehicle body 1 moves to the designated mining area, so that the mining mechanism faces the ore body. Then the robotic arm device 2 operates to raise the mining mechanism, so that multiple sliding rods 4 and insert plates 11 come into contact with the rock body. Then the vehicle body 1 and the robotic arm device 2 work together to apply pressure to the mining mechanism, so that the first spring 10 and the second spring 13 are compressed. The front ends of the sliding rods 4 and insert plates 11 are in close contact with the ore body, thereby defining the mining area.

[0061] During mining operations, the first sliding device 20 operates to move the drill bit 19 vertically, and the second sliding device 21 operates to move the drill bit 19 horizontally, thereby excavating the mine within a defined area. During the operation of the excavation components, the winding mechanism operates synchronously, and the motor 22 drives the roller 23 to rotate, releasing and winding the sealing film 24. During the operation of the truss 18 and the second sliding device 21, the two opposing winding mechanisms cooperate to keep the sealing film 24 in a taut state, thereby sealing the area defined inside the frame 3.

[0062] During the mining process, the dust collection device 5 operates and draws in the dust generated during the mining process through the collection pipe 6. The dust is sealed inside the frame 3 and sucked in through the suction port 401 on the side of the slide bar 4. Then it is introduced into the collection pipe 6 through the first hose 7 and finally adsorbed by the dust collection device 5 to achieve the treatment of dust.

[0063] With the cooperation of the tunneling component and the dust collection component, the tunneling area can be defined, and the dust generated during the tunneling process can be sealed and adsorbed to achieve efficient suppression.

[0064] Under the operation of the drill bit device 19, the crushed ore falls onto multiple insert plates 11. The motor 15 rotates, driving the spiral roller 14 to rotate, causing the initially crushed ore to concentrate in the middle and be discharged through the discharge hole 301, then through the telescopic pipe 16, and finally into the crushing mechanism. After entering the crushing mechanism, the crushed ore will undergo multi-stage crushing treatment to be further refined.

[0065] After the crushed ore enters the feed inlet 252 through the bottom of the telescopic pipe 16, it slides down along the crushing chamber 251. When it passes through the jaw crusher unit, it will be further crushed by compression. As the effective compression gap in the multiple jaw crusher units gradually decreases, multi-stage crushing of the ore is achieved.

[0066] During the crushing process, the cleaning mechanism cleans the pressure plate 30, removing the debris adhering to its surface, thus ensuring that the sharp teeth on the surface of the pressure plate 30 contact the ore during compression, allowing the ore to be fully compressed.

[0067] During crushing, the power unit 45 drives the moving jaw device 29 to reciprocate, causing the effective distance between the moving jaw device 29 and the pressure plate 30 to periodically expand and contract, thereby achieving the crushing operation of the ore. The deflection end of the moving jaw device 29 rotates, driving the first gear 33 to rotate. The first gear 33 drives the transmission shaft 36 to rotate through the upper third gear 35. The transmission shaft 36 drives the second gear 34 to rotate through the lower third gear 35. The second gear 34 drives the reciprocating screw 37 to rotate. When the reciprocating screw 37 rotates, it drives the pressure plate 30 to move horizontally. Since the first gear 33 has a missing tooth structure, the first gear 33 and the upper third gear 35 mesh intermittently, and the meshing period is during the moving jaw device. During the interval when the gap between the 29 and the pressure plate 30 widens, which is the time period for unloading the crushed stone after compression, it is the non-compression stage. At this time, the third gear 35 meshes with the first gear 33, and the reciprocating screw 37 rotates to drive the pressure plate 30 to move outward intermittently, so that the compression area moves into the side box 31. When the pressure plate 30 moves, the scraper 41, supported by the roller 44, rolls on the surface of the pressure plate 30 and gets stuck in the groove on the surface of the pressure plate 30, so that the scraper 41 contacts and adheres to the sharp teeth on the pressure plate 30. Driven by the conveyor belt device 39, the scraper 41 moves along the groove on the pressure plate 30, scrapes the sharp teeth, and scrapes off the adhering stone debris, which finally falls into the material box 32, completing the cleaning.

[0068] During the crushing process, the dust collection device 5 performs a suction operation, using the suction pipe 26 to suction the crushing chamber 251 inside the housing 25 to adsorb the dust generated during the crushing process.

[0069] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining, comprising a vehicle body (1), a mining mechanism and a crushing mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism is disposed above the vehicle body (1) and the mining mechanism is disposed at the front end of the vehicle body (1) by means of a mechanical arm device (2); Its features are: The mining mechanism includes a frame (3), a tunneling component and a dust collection component. The bottom rear end of the frame (3) is hinged to the top end of the robotic arm device (2). The tunneling component is located inside the frame (3). The dust collection assembly includes multiple sliding rods (4), multiple sets of limiting components, a dust collection device (5), a collection pipe (6), and multiple first hoses (7). The multiple sliding rods (4) are all horizontally slidably sleeved inside the frame (3) and are respectively set on both sides and above the frame (3). Adjacent sliding rods (4) slide in contact with each other. The dust collection device (5) is fixedly installed at the top of the frame (3). The collection pipe (6) is arched and is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame (3) through multiple brackets (8). The output end of the collection pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the input end of the dust collection device (5). The sliding rod (4) is hollow inside and has a suction port (401) horizontally opened on one side facing the tunneling assembly. The suction port (401) is connected to the inside of the sliding rod (4). The inside of the multiple sliding rods (4) is connected to the collection pipe (6) through multiple first hoses (7). The front bottom side of the frame (3) is provided with a receiving mechanism for receiving the mined ore; The receiving mechanism includes multiple insert plates (11), a horizontal plate (12), multiple second springs (13), a spiral roller (14), a motor (15), and a telescopic tube (16). The horizontal plate (12) is horizontally fixedly installed on the bottom side of the frame (3). The multiple insert plates (11) are horizontally slidably sleeved on the front end of the horizontal plate (12). The multiple second springs (13) are all horizontally arranged inside the horizontal plate (12), and their two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the horizontal plate (12) and the tail end of the insert plate (11). The spiral roller (14) is horizontally rotated and installed on the front side of the bottom end of the frame (3). The bottom middle of the frame (3) is horizontally opened with a discharge hole (301). The motor (15) is horizontally fixedly installed at the bottom of the side end of the frame (3), and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the spiral roller (14). Both ends of the telescopic tube (16) are hinged to the middle of the bottom end of the frame (3) and the input end of the crushing mechanism respectively through hinges (17). The top end of the telescopic tube (16) faces the tail end of the discharge hole (301). The tunneling assembly includes a truss (18), a drill bit device (19), two sets of first sliding devices (20) and a second sliding device (21). The truss (18) is horizontally arranged, and its two ends are vertically slidably embedded in the inner walls of both sides of the frame (3). The second sliding device (21) is horizontally slidably embedded in the truss (18). The drill bit device (19) is fixedly installed at the front end of the second sliding device (21). The two sets of first sliding devices (20) are respectively arranged at the rear sides of both ends of the truss (18) to drive the truss (18) to move up and down. The frame (3) is symmetrically arranged with winding mechanisms on its upper and lower sides. The mechanism includes a motor (22), a roller (23) and a sealing film (24). The roller (23) is horizontally rotatably installed inside the frame (3). The motor (22) is fixedly installed inside the frame (3) and its output end is fixedly connected to the end of the roller (23). The two ends of the sealing film (24) are respectively wound on the roller (23) and fixedly installed on the outside of the truss (18). Two sets of winding mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides inside the truss (18). The ends of the sealing films (24) in the two sets of winding mechanisms inside the truss (18) that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the two sides of the second sliding device (21). The crushing mechanism includes a housing (25) and multiple jaw crusher units. The housing (25) is horizontally fixed on the upper side of the vehicle body (1). A crushing chamber (251) is opened on the upper side of the housing (25). A feed inlet (252) is opened at the front end of the housing (25), and a discharge outlet (253) is opened at the rear end of the housing (25). Both the feed inlet (252) and the discharge outlet (253) are connected to the crushing chamber (251). The crushing chamber (251) slopes downward from the feed inlet (252) to the inner discharge outlet (253). Multiple jaw crusher units are distributed along the crushing chamber (251). The bottom end of the telescopic pipe (16) is rotatably installed in the feed inlet (252) through a hinge (17). Multiple suction pipes (26) are vertically fixed on the top of the housing (25). The top of the suction pipe (26) is connected through the connecting pipe (27). The front end of the connecting pipe (27) is fixedly connected to the input end of the dust collection device (5) through the second flexible hose (28). The jaw crusher unit includes a moving jaw device (29) and a pressure plate (30). The moving jaw device (29) is set at the top of the crushing chamber (251). The pressure plate (30) is horizontally and longitudinally slidably embedded on the upper surface of the bottom side of the crushing chamber (251). A power device (45) is fixedly installed at the top of the box (25). Multiple sets of moving jaw devices (29) are driven to operate synchronously through the belt and pulley mechanism. Cleaning mechanisms are provided on the front and rear sides of the box (25). The effective distance between the moving jaw device (29) and the pressure plate (30) in the multiple sets of jaw crusher units decreases sequentially from the feed inlet (252) to the discharge outlet (253).

2. The multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component includes a card holder (9) and a first spring (10). The card holder (9) is horizontally fixedly installed on the rear side of the frame (3). The first spring (10) is horizontally sleeved on the rear side of the slide rod (4), and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the rear end of the middle part of the slide rod (4) and the front side of the tail end of the card holder (9). The tail end of the slide rod (4) is slidably sleeved in the card holder (9).

3. The multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes multiple sets of transmission components, scraper components, side boxes (31), and material boxes (32). The side boxes (31) are horizontally fixed on the side of the box body (25). The material boxes (32) are horizontally arranged, and their two ends are longitudinally slidably embedded in the bottom of the side boxes (31). The front and rear ends of multiple pressure plates (30) penetrate the box body (25) and enter the interior of the two side boxes (31). The multiple sets of transmission components correspond to multiple sets of jaw crusher units. The transmission components include a first gear (33), a second gear (34), two third gears (35), a transmission shaft (36), a reciprocating screw (37), and two frames (38). The transmission shaft (36) is vertically rotatably sleeved on the side box (31). On the upper side, the two third gears (35) are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft (36). The reciprocating screw (37) is horizontally and longitudinally threaded inside the pressure plate (30). The two frames (38) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two side boxes (31). The two ends of the reciprocating screw (37) are rotatably sleeved in the two frames (38). The first gear (33) is fixedly sleeved at the end of the rotating shaft of the moving jaw device (29). The second gear (34) is fixedly sleeved at the end of the reciprocating screw (37). The first gear (33) has a missing tooth structure and is indirectly and periodically meshed with the third gear (35) on the upper side. The second gear (34) meshes with the third gear (35) on the bottom side.

4. A multi-stage graded crushing device for metal mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper assembly includes a conveyor belt device (39) and multiple scraping components. The conveyor belt device (39) is fixedly connected to the top of the side box (31) through multiple connecting frames (40) and is inclined. The conveyor belt device (39) is parallel to the pressure plate (30). The multiple scraping components are all located on the outside of the conveyor belt device (39). The working surface of the pressure plate (30) is concave and convex. The scraping components include a scraper (41), a clamping plate (42) and a third spring (43). The clamping plate (42) is vertically fixedly installed on the outside of the conveyor belt device (39). The scraper (41) is vertically slidably sleeved in the clamping plate (42) and a roller (44) is rotatably installed at its outer end. The third spring (43) is located in the clamping plate (42) and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner end of the scraper (41) and the inner wall of the clamping plate (42) respectively.

5. A method for multi-stage graded crushing using the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Limiting the scope, by cooperating with the mechanical arm device (2) and the vehicle body (1), the mining mechanism is aligned with the working area, limiting the ore mining area; S2: Interception operation, the tunneling component, with the cooperation of the dust collection component, the material receiving mechanism and the four sets of winding mechanisms, makes the working area inside the frame (3) intercepted; S3: Dust removal operation. In mining operations, the dust collection device (5) adsorbs the dust generated in the work area and removes dust efficiently. S4: Graded crushing. The mined crushed ore is introduced into the box (25) of the crushing mechanism through the telescopic pipe (16). It is gradually crushed and refined in multiple jaw crusher units with gradually decreasing effective compression distance. S401: Clean the working surface. With the cooperation of the cleaning mechanism, the surface of the pressure plate (30) is cleaned in time to avoid the adhesion of stone and ensure the high efficiency of crushing. S402: Crushing and dust removal, the dust collection device (5) simultaneously adsorbs the dust generated during the crushing process through the suction pipe (26), the connecting pipe (27), and the second flexible hose (28).

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