A cylindrical steel material roundness detection device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of roundness detection, in particular to a cylindrical steel material roundness detection device, which comprises a support plate, the support plate provides a support base for the whole device; a vertical rail is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate and extends in the vertical direction; a No.1 motor is fixedly installed on the top of the vertical rail; an output end of the No.1 motor is fixedly connected with a No.1 threaded rod through a shaft coupling; the No.1 threaded rod is arranged along the length direction of the vertical rail, both ends of the No.1 threaded rod are rotatably installed in the vertical rail through bearings and are driven to rotate by the No.1 motor; a sliding frame is screw-connected to the outer side of the No.1 threaded rod, the No.1 threaded rod drives the sliding frame to ascend and descend along the vertical rail when rotating, and the translation table can move horizontally along the inner wall of the sliding frame. The cylindrical steel material roundness detection device forms a closed-loop feedback through cooperation of two groups of symmetrical laser assemblies and a reflection chamber, and the flatness deviation can be accurately recognized through collinear judgment of laser beams.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roundness detection technology, specifically to a roundness detection device for columnar steel materials. Background Technology

[0002] As core basic components in fields such as machinery manufacturing, construction engineering, and automotive industry, columnar steel materials (such as round steel) have key geometric parameters that affect assembly accuracy, load-bearing stability, and service life, including the flatness of their bottom and the roundness of their entire length.

[0003] For long round steel bars, existing equipment lacks a dedicated support structure. The material bends due to its own weight, and when inspecting the bent material, the roundness error is amplified, and the flatness inspection is also deviated due to the drooping of the ends. Some equipment uses simple brackets for support, but the bracket height is fixed and cannot be adapted to materials of different diameters. The support points are also prone to scratching the material surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a roundness detection device for columnar steel materials to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a roundness detection device for columnar steel materials, comprising a support plate, the support plate providing a support foundation for the entire device; a vertical rail fixedly installed on the top of the support plate, the vertical rail extending in a vertical direction; a first motor fixedly installed on the top of the vertical rail, the output end of the first motor being fixedly connected to a first threaded rod via a coupling; the first threaded rod is arranged along the length direction of the vertical rail, its two ends being rotatably installed inside the vertical rail via bearings, and driven to rotate by the first motor;

[0006] The slide is threaded to the outside of a first threaded rod, and the first threaded rod rotates to drive the slide to move up and down along the vertical rail; the center part of the slide is fitted with a translation platform, which can move horizontally along the inner wall of the slide.

[0007] The probe assembly is located at the end of the translation stage away from the carriage and consists of a probe, a probe rod, and a sensor. The probe contacts the outer wall of the columnar steel material to collect roundness data, and the sensor converts the contact signal into an electrical signal.

[0008] A following mechanism, which is set on a translation stage, is used to support the long cylindrical steel material to ensure the stability of the material during the testing process;

[0009] A limiting mechanism is provided on the support plate to radially limit the columnar steel material and to realize the leveling detection of its bottom end;

[0010] During operation, motor number one drives threaded rod number one to rotate. The detection height of the probe assembly is adjusted by lifting the slide, and the detection distance between the probe assembly and the outer wall of the columnar steel material is controlled by the horizontal movement of the translation stage.

[0011] Preferably, the following mechanism includes an electric push rod, which is fixedly installed on the top of the translation stage. Its output end extends and retracts in the vertical direction. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a connecting rod through a plate, which rises and falls synchronously with the electric push rod. A following frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. The following frame has a semi-enclosed structure, which is partially wrapped around the outer wall of the columnar steel material to achieve tool following support.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the follower frame is provided with a through groove, and an internal threaded sleeve is fixedly installed in the through groove. The internal thread of the internal threaded sleeve is connected to a No. 2 threaded rod. The insertion length can be adjusted by rotation. The outer end face of the No. 2 threaded rod is rotatably adapted to a deep groove ball bearing. A rubber head is fixedly connected to the outer side of the deep groove ball bearing.

[0013] The rubber head slides and adapts to the outer wall of the columnar steel material. The fit between the rubber head and the outer wall of the material is adjusted by rotating the No. 2 threaded rod, thereby enhancing the stability of the tool follow.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a protective shell, which is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate to protect the internal components. A second motor is fixedly installed inside the protective shell, and a rotating platform is fixedly installed on the outside of the output end of the second motor. A bottom leveling component is provided inside the rotating platform for leveling and detecting the bottom of the columnar steel material.

[0015] Preferably, a fixed plate is fixedly installed inside the rotating platform, a fixed rail is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate, a straight groove is opened inside the fixed rail, a first hinge rod is slidably adapted inside the straight groove, the first hinge rod slides along the straight groove to adjust its position, and a crank handle is rotatably installed on the top of the first hinge rod for manually adjusting the position of the first hinge rod.

[0016] Preferably, a turntable is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed disc, the top of the turntable is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed rail, a second hinge rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the turntable, a round handle is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the second hinge rod, and the outer side of the round handle is fixedly connected to the crank handle.

[0017] Rotating the crank drives the second hinge rod to rotate, which in turn moves the first hinge rod.

[0018] Preferably, a connecting block is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable, and a collar is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block. The collar is rotatably connected to the second hinge rod to assist the second hinge rod in swinging flexibly. A first gear is fixedly connected to the outer side of the collar.

[0019] A frame is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed plate, and a No. 3 motor is fixedly installed on the top of the frame. A No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the output end of the No. 3 motor, and the outside of the No. 2 gear meshes with the No. 1 gear for transmission.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom flat assembly includes a first rail, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating platform. A second rail is fixedly installed at the top of the first rail. An insert plate is slidably fitted inside the second rail. An elastic element is fixedly connected to the bottom of the insert plate and is fixedly installed inside the second rail.

[0021] Preferably, a pneumatic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the insert plate, and a fitting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the output end of the pneumatic rod. The top of the insert plate is provided with a long groove and a square groove, and the inner wall of the square groove is slidably adapted to the fitting plate.

[0022] An extension strip is fixedly connected to the outer side of the interlocking plate, and the extension strip fits into the long groove.

[0023] Preferably, a bottom connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the interlocking plate. The bottom connecting rod passes through the bottom of the second rail and extends into the interior of the first rail. A moving block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the bottom connecting rod. A laser component is fixedly installed on the outside of the moving block for detecting the flatness of the bottom end of the columnar steel material.

[0024] The top of the inner cavity of the rotating platform is fixedly installed with a No. 1 reflection chamber and a No. 2 reflection chamber, and reflectors are fixedly connected inside the No. 1 reflection chamber and the No. 2 reflection chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. Bottom flatness detection uses two sets of symmetrical laser components in conjunction with a reflection chamber to form a closed-loop feedback. Collinearity of the laser beams can accurately identify flatness deviations, and the pneumatic rod can be finely adjusted in real time to ensure that the bottom flatness meets the standard. Roundness detection adopts a "rotation sampling + full-length continuous scanning" mode. The probe component collects data synchronously as the material rotates. With the follower mechanism's tool support, detection errors caused by material bending are effectively avoided, ensuring the accuracy of roundness data throughout the entire length.

[0027] 2. The radial limiting mechanism drives the hinge rod through gear transmission. The round handle can adapt to columnar steel materials of different diameters and can achieve stable fixation without changing the clamping parts. The bottom leveling component uses the buffer adjustment of elastic elements and pneumatic rods to adapt to the placement requirements of columnar steel materials of different lengths and weights, avoids rigid contact damage to materials, and greatly improves the equipment's adaptability to materials of various specifications.

[0028] 3. When the material is placed, its own gravity compresses the extension strip, automatically triggering the laser detection and leveling mechanism, eliminating the need for manual calibration; the bottom leveling, radial fixing, and roundness detection processes are seamlessly connected, and each mechanism is driven by a motor and pneumatic rod to achieve automated operation, reducing manual intervention steps; the full-length roundness detection is achieved by the motor-driven carriage to lift and lower at a uniform speed, realizing continuous and uninterrupted detection, greatly improving detection efficiency and adapting to the needs of mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a roundness detection device for columnar steel materials according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the following mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the following frame in the following mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second gear in the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the circular handle in the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting block in the limiting mechanism of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom flat component of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the bottom flat component of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional enlarged structural diagram of the interlocking plate in the bottom flat assembly of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 12This is a cross-sectional enlarged structural schematic diagram of the No. 1 reflection chamber in the bottom flat assembly of the present invention.

[0041] In the picture:

[0042] 1. Support plate; 2. Vertical rail; 3. Motor No. 1; 4. Threaded rod No. 1; 5. Slide carriage; 6. Translation stage; 7. Probe assembly; 8. Following mechanism; 9. Limiting mechanism;

[0043] 81. Electric actuator; 82. Connecting rod; 83. Follower frame; 84. Internal threaded sleeve; 85. No. 2 threaded rod; 86. Deep groove ball bearing; 87. Rubber head;

[0044] 91. Protective shell; 92. Motor No. 2; 93. Rotating table; 94. Bottom flat assembly; 95. Fixed plate; 96. Fixed rail; 97. Straight groove; 98. Hinge rod No. 1; 99. Crank handle; 90. Round handle; 901. Hinge rod No. 2; 902. Turntable; 903. Collar; 904. Gear No. 1; 905. Frame; 906. Motor No. 3; 907. Gear No. 2; 908. Connecting block;

[0045] 941. Rail No. 1; 942. Rail No. 2; 943. Insert plate; 944. Pneumatic rod; 945. Clamping plate; 946. Long slot; 947. Extension strip; 948. Square slot; 949. Bottom connecting rod; 940. Moving block; 951. Laser assembly; 952. Reflection chamber No. 1; 953. Reflection chamber No. 2; 954. Reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0048] Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the protective shell 91 of the limiting mechanism 9 is bolted to the top of the support plate 1 of the detection device. The support plate 1 is fixed to the operating table by anchor bolts. The second motor 92 is bolted inside the protective shell 91, and the output end of the second motor 92 is keyed to the outer side of the rotating table 93. The first rail 941 of the bottom flat assembly 94 is bolted inside the rotating table 93. The second rail 942 is bolted to the top of the first rail 941. The sliding adapter plate 943 is installed inside the second rail 942. An elastic element, i.e., a spring, is bonded to the bottom of the insert plate 943. The bottom end of the elastic element is fixed to the inside of the second rail 942. The pneumatic rod 944 is bolted to the bottom of the insert plate 943. The top of the output end of the pneumatic rod 944 is bolted to the fitting plate 945. The top of the insert plate 943 has an elongated groove 946 and a square groove 948, with the square groove 948 slidingly fitted to the fitting plate 945. The integrally formed extension strip 947 on the outer side of the fitting plate 945 fits into the elongated groove 946. The bottom of the fitting plate 945 is bolted to the bottom connecting rod 949, which extends through the bottom of the second rail 942 to the inside of the first rail 941. The bottom end is bolted to the moving block 940, and the outside of the moving block 940 is bolted to the laser assembly 951, i.e., the laser emitter. The top of the inner cavity of the rotating stage 93 is bolted to the first reflection chamber 952 and the second reflection chamber 953 for laser reflection and calibration. The internal reflector 954, i.e., the mirror, is bonded to the stage for laser reflection and calibration.

[0049] The operator vertically places the columnar steel material into the rotating table 93. The rectangular notch at the bottom of the material presses down on the extension strip 947, driving the extension strip 947 to move the fitting plate 945 down synchronously. Once the extension strip 947 is embedded in the long slot 946 at the top of the insert plate 943, the fitting plate 945 is embedded in the square slot 948 at the top of the insert plate 943. The two, together with the insert plate 943, form an integrated linkage structure. During the downward movement of the fitting plate 945, the bottom pneumatic rod 944 and elastic element are compressed to buffer the impact force when the material is placed, preventing damage to the components.

[0050] When the interlocking plate 945 moves downward, it synchronously drives the bottom connecting rod 949 and the moving block 940 to move downward, causing the two sets of symmetrically arranged laser components 951 on the outer side of the moving block 940 to move synchronously to the detection position. Each set of laser components 951 contains two emitters. This layout can achieve full-area flatness detection of the area divided by the rectangular groove at the bottom of the columnar steel material. After the laser components 951 are activated, the two sets of lasers are injected into the first reflection chamber 952 and the second reflection chamber 953 respectively, and form horizontal laser beams after reflection. The flatness of the bottom end face of the columnar steel material is judged by detecting whether the two laser beams are collinear. If the deviation exceeds 0.03mm, the pneumatic rod 944 starts to extend and retract, and the height of the interlocking plate 945 is finely adjusted until the bottom flatness meets the standard.

[0051] It should be noted that the insert plate 943 and the laser component 951 are linked through the bottom connecting rod 949 and the fitting plate 945. If there is a height difference between the two laser lines emitted by the laser component 951, it indicates that there is a tilt deviation between the insert plate 943 and the columnar steel material. At this time, the height of the fitting plate 945 is adjusted to achieve leveling. Furthermore, during the entire process of the material extrusion extension strip 947 moving downward, the reflection chamber can monitor the collinearity of the laser lines in real time to ensure the continuity of the detection.

[0052] Among them, the No. 1 reflection chamber 952 is equipped with a 45° tilted mirror. After the laser is reflected by the tilted surface and the reflector 954, it can be transmitted back to the laser component 951 to realize the closed-loop feedback of the detection signal.

[0053] Example 2, as follows Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the rotating platform 93 has a fixed plate 95 bolted inside, and a fixed rail 96 bolted to the top of the fixed plate 95. The fixed rail 96 has a straight groove 97 inside, within which a first hinge rod 98 slides. A crank handle 99 is rotatably mounted on the top of the first hinge rod 98 via a shaft. A turntable 902 is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed plate 95 via a bearing. The top of the turntable 902 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed rail 96. A second hinge rod 901 is rotatably mounted on the top of the turntable 902 via a shaft. The outer side of the second hinge rod 901... The round handle 90 is installed by rotating the shaft, and the outer side of the round handle 90 is welded and fixed to the crank handle 99; the top of the turntable 902 is bolted to the connecting block 908, and the top of the connecting block 908 is bolted to the collar 903, which is rotatably connected to the second hinge rod 901; the outer side of the fixed plate 95 is bolted to the frame 905, and the top of the frame 905 is bolted to the third motor 906; the outer side of the output end of the third motor 906 is keyed to the second gear 907, which meshes with the first gear 904 on the outer side of the collar 903 for transmission.

[0054] After the bottom is leveled, start motor 3 906. The output end drives gear 2 907 to rotate, which meshes with gear 1 904 and drives collar 903 to rotate clockwise. The rotation angle can be obtained from a top-down view. Collar 903 drives hinge rod 901 to swing, which in turn drives handle 90 to rotate. Since handle 90 is fixed to crank handle 99 and hinge rod 98 is limited by straight groove 97 of fixed rail 96, when hinge rod 901 swings, handle 90 and crank handle 99 deflect counterclockwise with hinge rod 901 as the center. At the same time, hinge rod 98 slides outward along straight groove 97, and the outer wall of handle 90 gradually approaches the columnar steel material.

[0055] Continue driving motor 906 until the rubber sleeve of the round handle 90 is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the columnar steel material, achieving radial limit fixation; the eccentric hinge design of the round handle 90 and the second hinge rod 901 can be adapted to columnar steel materials of different diameters without the need to replace the clamping parts.

[0056] Example 3, as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the top of the support plate 1 is bolted to the vertical rail 2, the top of the vertical rail 2 is bolted to the first motor 3, the output end of the first motor 3 is fixed to the first threaded rod 4 through a coupling, and its two ends are rotatably installed inside the vertical rail 2 through bearings; the outer thread of the first threaded rod 4 is threaded to the slide 5, and the center of the slide 5 is slidably adapted to the translation stage 6; the end of the translation stage 6 away from the slide 5 is bolted to the probe assembly 7, and the probe contacts the outer wall of the columnar steel material to collect data; the top of the translation stage 6 is bolted to the electric push rod 81 of the following mechanism 8, the output end of the electric push rod 81 is bolted to the connecting rod 82 through a plate bolt, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 82 is bolted to the following frame 83; the outer wall of the following frame 83 has a through groove, the inner threaded sleeve 84 is bolted to the groove, the inner thread is connected to the second threaded rod 85, and the outer end face of the second threaded rod 85 is rotatably connected to the rubber head 87 through a deep groove ball bearing 86, which is slidably adapted to the outer wall of the columnar steel material.

[0057] Start motor 3 to drive threaded rod 4 to rotate, which in turn moves slide 5 up and down along vertical rail 2 to the initial detection height. Adjust the horizontal movement of translation stage 6 so that the probe of probe assembly 7 contacts the outer wall of columnar steel material, and the sensor begins to collect initial roundness data.

[0058] The electric push rod 81 is started synchronously, and the output end extends to drive the connecting rod 82 and the follower frame 83 to move down, so that the follower frame 83 partially wraps the outer wall of the columnar steel material; the second threaded rod 85 is manually rotated clockwise and moves towards the center along the inner threaded sleeve 84, and the rubber head 87 is driven to fit against the outer wall of the material through the deep groove ball bearing 86, so as to realize the follower support and avoid the bending and tilting of long materials due to their own weight.

[0059] The second motor 92 is started, which drives the rotating table 93 and the columnar steel material to rotate. The probe assembly 7 collects the roundness data in real time during the rotation process. The sensor converts the contact signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control system. At the same time, the first motor 3 drives the slide 5 to rise at a constant speed, which drives the probe assembly 7 and the following mechanism 8 to rise synchronously, so as to realize continuous roundness detection of the entire length of the material. During the detection process, the rubber head 87 of the following frame 83 slides synchronously with the material rotation, always maintaining close contact and support.

[0060] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the columnar steel material is placed on the rotating table 93, its bottom rectangular notch presses down on the extension strip 947, driving the extension strip 947 to move the fitting plate 945 down synchronously until the extension strip 947 fits into the long groove 946 at the top of the insert plate 943, and the fitting plate 945 fits into the square groove 948 at the top of the insert plate 943. The fitting plate 945 compresses the bottom pneumatic rod 944, realizing the integrated linkage of the extension strip 947, the fitting plate 945, and the insert plate 943, moving down synchronously with the columnar steel material. Simultaneously, the bottom connecting rod 949 of the fitting plate 945 drives the moving block 940 down, causing the laser component 951 on the outside of the moving block 940 to move synchronously. The lasers generated by the two sets of symmetrical laser components 951 are respectively injected into the first reflection chamber 952 and the second reflection chamber 953. After reflection, they are in a horizontal state. By judging whether the two lasers are collinear, the flatness detection of the four end faces of the bottom of the columnar steel material is completed.

[0061] After the bottom flatness test is completed and the columnar steel material has completely fallen into the rotating table 93, the No. 3 motor 906 is started. The No. 2 gear 907 at its output end meshes with the No. 1 gear 904, driving the collar 903 connected to the inner wall of the No. 1 gear 904 to rotate clockwise. The No. 2 hinge rod 901, which is hinged to the collar 903, drives the round handle 90 to rotate. Since the round handle 90 is fixedly connected to the crank handle 99, and the No. 1 hinge rod 98 at the bottom of the crank handle 99 is limited by the straight groove 97 at the top of the fixed rail 96, when the No. 2 hinge rod 901 rotates, the round handle 90 and the crank handle 99 deflect counterclockwise with the No. 2 hinge rod 901 as the center. At the same time, the No. 1 hinge rod 98 slides outward along the straight groove 97, and the outer wall of the round handle 90 gradually approaches and finally clamps the columnar steel material. In addition, the round handle 90 and the No. 2 hinge rod 901 are eccentrically hinged.

[0062] After the columnar steel material is clamped by the limiting mechanism 9, the first motor 3 and the slide 5 are started simultaneously: the first motor 3 drives the slide 5 to rise and fall through the first threaded rod 4, and the slide 5 drives the translation stage 6 to move horizontally, so that the probe assembly 7 at the bottom of the translation stage 6 approaches the outer wall of the columnar steel material. At the same time, the following mechanism 8 moves in conjunction with the slide 5 and the translation stage 6 to directly above the columnar steel material. Among them, the probe of the probe assembly 7 contacts the outer wall of the columnar steel material to collect roundness data, and the sensor converts the contact signal into an electrical signal. Then, the electric push rod 81 is started, and its output end drives the connecting rod 82 and the following frame 83 to move down through the plate, so that the following frame 83 partially wraps around the outer wall of the columnar steel material; the second threaded rod 85 is manually rotated clockwise to move it towards the center along the inner threaded sleeve 84, and the rubber head 87 connected by the deep groove ball bearing 86 fits against the outer wall of the columnar steel material to enhance the stability of the tool follower.

[0063] Start motor 92, and the rotating table 93 drives the columnar steel material to rotate. The probe detects the roundness of the columnar steel material during the rotation process. At the same time, the slide 5 rises synchronously to realize the roundness detection of the columnar steel material along its entire length.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above concepts without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the roundness of columnar steel materials, characterized in that, include: A support plate provides a support foundation for the entire device; a vertical rail is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate, and the vertical rail extends in the vertical direction; a No. 1 motor is fixedly installed on the top of the vertical rail, and the output end of the No. 1 motor is fixedly connected to a No. 1 threaded rod through a coupling; the No. 1 threaded rod is set along the length of the vertical rail, and its two ends are rotatably installed inside the vertical rail through bearings, and is driven to rotate by the No. 1 motor. The slide is threaded to the outside of a first threaded rod, and the first threaded rod rotates to drive the slide to move up and down along the vertical rail; the center part of the slide is fitted with a translation platform, which can move horizontally along the inner wall of the slide. The probe assembly is located at the end of the translation stage away from the carriage and consists of a probe, a probe rod, and a sensor. The probe contacts the outer wall of the columnar steel material to collect roundness data, and the sensor converts the contact signal into an electrical signal. A following mechanism, which is set on a translation stage, is used to support the long cylindrical steel material to ensure the stability of the material during the testing process; A limiting mechanism is provided on the support plate to radially limit the columnar steel material and to realize the leveling detection of its bottom end; During operation, the No. 1 motor drives the No. 1 threaded rod to rotate, the detection height of the probe assembly is adjusted by the lifting and lowering of the slide, and the detection distance between the probe assembly and the outer wall of the columnar steel material is controlled by the horizontal movement of the translation table. The limiting mechanism includes a protective shell, which is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate to protect internal components. A second motor is fixedly installed inside the protective shell, and a rotating platform is fixedly installed on the outside of the output end of the second motor. A bottom leveling component is provided inside the rotating platform for leveling and detecting the bottom of the columnar steel material. The bottom flat assembly includes a first rail, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the rotating platform. A second rail is fixedly installed at the top of the first rail. An insert plate is slidably fitted inside the second rail. An elastic element is fixedly connected to the bottom of the insert plate and is fixedly installed inside the second rail. A pneumatic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the insert plate, and a fitting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the output end of the pneumatic rod. The top of the insert plate is provided with a long groove and a square groove, and the inner wall of the square groove is slidably adapted to the fitting plate. An extension strip is fixedly connected to the outer side of the interlocking plate, and the extension strip fits into the long groove. The bottom of the interlocking plate is fixedly connected to a bottom connecting rod, which passes through the bottom of the second rail and extends into the interior of the first rail. A moving block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the bottom connecting rod, and a laser component is fixedly installed on the outside of the moving block for detecting the flatness of the bottom end of the columnar steel material. The top of the inner cavity of the rotating platform is fixedly installed with a No. 1 reflection chamber and a No. 2 reflection chamber, and reflectors are fixedly connected inside the No. 1 reflection chamber and the No. 2 reflection chamber.

2. The roundness detection device for columnar steel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following mechanism includes an electric push rod, which is fixedly installed on the top of the translation stage. Its output end extends and retracts in the vertical direction. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a connecting rod through a plate, which rises and falls synchronously with the electric push rod. A following frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. The following frame has a semi-enclosed structure, which is partially wrapped around the outer wall of the columnar steel material to achieve tool following support.

3. The roundness detection device for columnar steel materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the following frame is provided with a through groove, and an internal threaded sleeve is fixedly installed in the through groove. The internal thread of the internal threaded sleeve is connected to a No. 2 threaded rod. The insertion length can be adjusted by rotation. The outer end face of the No. 2 threaded rod is rotatably adapted to a deep groove ball bearing. A rubber head is fixedly connected to the outer side of the deep groove ball bearing. The rubber head slides and adapts to the outer wall of the columnar steel material. The fit between the rubber head and the outer wall of the material is adjusted by rotating the No. 2 threaded rod, thereby enhancing the stability of the tool follow.

4. The roundness detection device for columnar steel materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed plate is fixedly installed inside the rotating platform, and a fixed rail is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate. A straight groove is opened inside the fixed rail, and a first hinge rod is slidably adapted inside the straight groove. The first hinge rod slides along the straight groove to adjust its position. A crank handle is rotatably installed on the top of the first hinge rod for manually adjusting its position.

5. The roundness detection device for columnar steel materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A turntable is rotatably mounted on the top of the fixed disc, the top of the turntable is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed rail, a second hinge rod is rotatably mounted on the top of the turntable, a round handle is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the second hinge rod, and the outer side of the round handle is fixedly connected to the crank handle. Rotating the crank drives the second hinge rod to rotate, which in turn moves the first hinge rod.

6. The roundness detection device for columnar steel materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting block is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable, and a collar is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting block. The collar is rotatably connected to the second hinge rod to assist the second hinge rod in swinging flexibly. A first gear is fixedly connected to the outer side of the collar. A frame is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed plate, and a No. 3 motor is fixedly installed on the top of the frame. A No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the output end of the No. 3 motor, and the outside of the No. 2 gear meshes with the No. 1 gear for transmission.

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