Grouting experiment device and method based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads
By designing a grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads, and employing a cylinder, porosity sensor, loading plate, pressure sensor, and controller, dynamic and coordinated control of multiple parameters is achieved. This solves the lag problem of traditional grouting experimental devices, improves the accuracy of experimental data, and enhances the ability to simulate actual grouting environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Traditional grouting experimental devices cannot achieve coordinated control of sand layer-grout-load-pressure, resulting in large deviations between research results and actual engineering conditions, and there is a lag in data acquisition and parameter adjustment.
Design a grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads. Employ a cylinder, porosity sensor, loading plate, pressure sensor and controller to achieve dynamic and coordinated control of multiple parameters. Real-time monitoring and data acquisition are achieved through a PLC controller.
It improves the precision and accuracy of experimental data, can simulate the actual grouting environment, provides a reliable basis for process optimization, and has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate.
Smart Images
Figure CN121656501A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, and more specifically to grouting test apparatus and methods based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads. Background Technology
[0002] Grouting technology is widely used in engineering projects such as groundwater seepage prevention, reinforcement, and soil stabilization. During the reinforcement of loose soil layers, the fluidity of the grout, the physical properties of the soil layer, and changes in pump grouting pressure and load have a crucial impact on the grouting effect. However, traditional grouting experimental devices typically rely on manual adjustment of a single parameter, failing to achieve coordinated control of the sand layer, grout, load, and pressure. Furthermore, data acquisition and parameter adjustment are often delayed, leading to significant discrepancies between research results and actual engineering conditions.
[0003] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to develop a grouting experimental device and method that can integrate and link multiple parameters based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a grouting experimental device and method that can integrate and link multiple parameters based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Grouting test apparatus based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads includes: Cylinder barrel, the cylinder barrel being filled with a layer of sand; Porosity sensors: Multiple porosity sensors are arranged at intervals along the height direction within the sand layer of the cylinder. A loading plate, wherein multiple loading plates are stacked sequentially on top of the sand layer; A first pressure sensor is disposed at the bottom of the loading plate; The grouting pipe has its outlet end located in the middle of the cylinder and its inlet end connected to the grouting pump. A second pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the grouting pump, and the grouting pump is connected to slurry preparation equipment. The controller is connected to the grouting pump, porosity sensor, first pressure sensor, and second pressure sensor.
[0006] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that it dynamically coordinates multiple parameters such as sand layer porosity, grout density, load, and grouting pressure, eliminates the problem of lag in manual adjustment, and ensures the accuracy of experimental data.
[0007] Preferably, the porosity sensors are spaced 5 cm apart along the height of the sand layer.
[0008] Preferably, an electromagnetic flow meter is installed at the connection between the grouting pipe and the grouting pump, and the electromagnetic flow meter is connected to the controller.
[0009] Preferably, the grouting test apparatus further includes a digital display, which is connected to the controller.
[0010] Preferably, the grouting test device further includes a power control box, which is electrically connected to the controller and the grouting pump, and controls the switching of the grouting pump.
[0011] The experimental method for grouting test devices based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads includes the following experimental steps: S1. At the start of the experiment, the cylinder is placed on the experimental platform and sand layers are filled in the order of coarse sand, medium sand, and fine sand. After each 5cm sand layer is filled, it is compacted with a special compaction device. After compaction, the density data is transmitted to the controller through the porosity sensor. S2, when the sand layer is filled to half the set height, the grouting pipe is buried in the sand layer and connected to the grouting pump; the controller receives the pressure detection signal from the second pressure sensor, and when the pressure detection shows normal, the remaining sand layer is filled. S3. According to the experimental requirements, use slurry preparation equipment to prepare slurry of the corresponding density, connect the grouting pipe to the grouting pump, adjust the grouting pressure and flow rate of the grouting pump through the controller, and stack the corresponding number of loading plates on the sand layer, and then start the grouting pump to perform grouting. S4. After the grouting process is completed, let it stand to allow the grout to fully solidify and react chemically with the sand layer to form a stone body; S5, during the settling process, the flow rate, pressure, and porosity changes of the slurry and sand layer are collected in real time to obtain detailed information on the slurry diffusion process; S6. After the grouting experiment is completed, the grouting stone sample is taken out and its physical and mechanical properties are tested after the grout has completely solidified.
[0012] Preferably, the density range of the slurry prepared in step S3 is 1.55-1.7 g / cm³.
[0013] Preferably, in step S4, after grouting is completed, the grout is left to stand for 24 hours. During the standing period, the controller collects sand layer porosity data every hour. When the porosity changes for two consecutive times are ≤0.5%, the controller determines that the grout has initially solidified and can end the standing period in advance.
[0014] Preferably, in step S5, after the controller collects data on the flow rate, pressure, and porosity of the grout and the sand layer, it plots the PQt curve, where P is the grouting pressure, Q is the grout flow rate, and t is the time. Based on the porosity data, it calculates the grout diffusion radius of the deep sand layer and generates a diffusion path diagram.
[0015] Preferably, in step S6, after the slurry has solidified, the stone body is divided into multiple small samples using precision cutting technology for compressive strength, tensile strength, and viscosity testing; the microstructure of the stone body is analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the interaction between the slurry and the sand layer and the pore structure of the stone body; and the internal structure of the stone body is non-destructively tested using X-ray imaging and CT scanning technology.
[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a grouting experimental device and method based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads, the beneficial effects of which are: (1) It can comprehensively simulate the coupled working conditions of sand layer particle size, grout density and grouting load, and highly restore the actual grouting environment; at the same time, the controller realizes the dynamic coordination of multiple parameters such as sand layer porosity, grout density, load and grouting pressure, which can improve the accuracy of data; (2) Real-time monitoring and data acquisition of key parameters during grouting provides a reliable basis for grouting process optimization; and the structure is reasonable and the operation is simple, making it suitable for various experimental needs. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the grouting test device using a vertical grouting pipe provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the grouting test device using a 45° inclined grouting pipe provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading plate provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder structure provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A flowchart of the experimental steps provided for this invention.
[0019] In the figure, 1-Cylinder; 2-Grouting pipe; 3-Grouting pump; 4-Power control box; 5-Second pressure sensor; 6-Digital display; 7-Grouting preparation equipment; 8-Loading plate. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] This invention discloses a grouting test apparatus based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads, comprising: Cylinder 1, the cylinder 1 is filled with a sand layer; Porosity sensors: Multiple porosity sensors are arranged at intervals along the height direction within the sand layer of cylinder 1. Loading plate 8, multiple loading plates 8 are stacked sequentially on top of the sand layer; The first pressure sensor is located at the bottom of the loading plate 8; Grouting pipe 2, the grout outlet of grouting pipe 2 is located in the middle of cylinder 1, and the grout inlet is connected to grouting pump 3; a second pressure sensor 5 is installed at the grout outlet of grouting pump 3, and grouting pump 3 is connected to grout preparation equipment 7; The controller, grouting pump 3, porosity sensor, first pressure sensor, and second pressure sensor 5 are all connected to the controller. The controller is a PLC.
[0022] In one embodiment, the grouting pipe 2 is connected to the grouting pump 3 to ensure that the grout can be injected into the sand layer uniformly and stably. The grouting pump 3 is used to regulate the flow rate and pressure of the grout, and the control signal of the grouting pump 3 is output by the PLC.
[0023] In one embodiment, the loading plate 8 is cylindrical with a radius of 24cm and a height of 2cm. The number of loading plates 8 can be increased appropriately according to the load changes to simulate different grouting conditions. The load data will be transmitted to the controller in real time.
[0024] In one embodiment, adjacent porosity sensors are spaced 5 cm apart along the height of the sand layer.
[0025] In one embodiment, an electromagnetic flow meter is installed at the connection between the grouting pipe 2 and the grouting pump 3, and the electromagnetic flow meter is connected to the controller. The flow meter can detect the grouting flow rate and transmit the data to the PLC in real time.
[0026] In one embodiment, the grouting pump 3 is a BW-150 type pump. The grouting pump 3 can adjust different pressures and flow rates. The load adjustment can simulate pressure changes under different grouting conditions by adjusting the motor load, and the load and grouting pressure can be linked and adjusted by a PLC.
[0027] In one embodiment, the grouting test apparatus further includes a digital display 6, which is connected to the controller. The digital display 6 can display the porosity of the sand layer, the fluidity of the grout, the grouting pressure, and the load data in real time, and supports real-time plotting of PQt curves. Data from the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor 5, the electromagnetic flowmeter, and the porosity sensor are all transmitted to the PLC in real time. After preprocessing the data, the PLC sends it to the digital display 6 and stores it in a local database.
[0028] In one embodiment, the grouting test device further includes a power control box 4, which is electrically connected to the controller and the grouting pump 3, and controls the switching of the grouting pump 3.
[0029] The experimental method for grouting test devices based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads includes the following experimental steps: S1. At the start of the experiment, a cylindrical cylinder with a radius of 25cm and a height of 50cm is placed on the experimental platform. The "sand layer type" is selected on the PLC human-machine interface, and coarse sand, medium sand, and fine sand are added in sequence. After each 5cm sand layer is filled, it is compacted with a special tamping device. After compaction, water is added through the water valve controlled by the controller until the sand layer is saturated and then the process stops. After compaction, the density data is transmitted to the controller through the porosity sensor. The PLC prompts the staff whether a second compaction is needed based on the predicted density threshold. S2, when the sand layer is filled to a height of 25cm, bury the grouting pipe 2 into the sand layer at a 45° angle or vertically, and connect the grouting pipe 2 to the grouting pump 3; click the "Connection Test" button on the PLC human-machine interface, and the PLC sends a detection signal to the second pressure sensor 5 at the end of the grouting pipe. After the pressure detection signal shows that it is normal, continue to fill the remaining sand layer until it reaches 50cm. S3. According to the experimental requirements, use the slurry preparation equipment to prepare slurry of the corresponding density, and connect the grouting pipe 2 to the grouting pump 3. By inputting the grouting pressure, flow rate and load through the PLC human-machine interface, the PLC automatically controls the lifting platform to stack the loading plate 8, and then starts the grouting pump 3 to perform grouting. S4. After the grouting process is completed, let it stand to allow the grout to fully solidify and react chemically with the sand layer to form a stone body; S5, during the settling process, the flow rate, pressure, and porosity changes of the slurry and sand layer are collected in real time to obtain detailed information on the slurry diffusion process; S6. After the grouting experiment is completed, the grouting stone sample is taken out and its physical and mechanical properties are tested after the grout has completely solidified.
[0030] In one embodiment, the density of the grout prepared in step S3 ranges from 1.55 to 1.7 g / cm³. These grouts of different densities can simulate various conditions in the actual grouting process, such as the permeability and reactivity of the grout.
[0031] In one embodiment, in step S4, after grouting is completed, the grout is left to stand for 24 hours. During the standing period, the controller collects sand layer porosity data every hour. When the porosity changes ≤0.5% for two consecutive times, the controller determines that the grout has initially solidified and can end the standing period in advance.
[0032] In one embodiment, in step S5, after the controller collects data on the grout flow rate, pressure, and porosity of the sand layer, it plots a PQt curve, where P is the grouting pressure, Q is the grout flow rate, and t is time. Based on the porosity data, the grout diffusion radius of the deep sand layer is calculated, and a diffusion path diagram is generated. By analyzing the PQt curve, the flow state and diffusion trend of the grout in the sand layer can be accurately revealed.
[0033] In one embodiment, in step S6, after the grout has solidified, the stone body is divided into multiple small samples using precision cutting technology for compressive strength, tensile strength, and viscosity testing; the microstructure of the stone body is analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the interaction between the grout and the sand layer and the pore structure of the stone body; and the internal structure of the stone body is non-destructively tested using X-ray imaging and CT scanning technology to further analyze the porosity, pore distribution, and grout diffusion path after grouting.
[0034] In one embodiment, the operation of the grouting experimental device is executed by a PLC. When filling the sand layer, the PLC reminds the experimenter to fill the sand layer, and the next step is carried out after the porosity sensor confirms the density. The PLC controls the raising and lowering of the grouting pipe, burying the grouting pipe 2 to a depth of 25cm in the sand layer, and automatically checks the connection status between the grouting pipe 2 and the grouting pump 3. If the connection is normal, the next step is carried out. The PLC automatically adjusts the gear of the grouting pump 3 and the number of loading plates 8 according to the preset grouting pressure, and monitors the pressure and flow data in real time during the grouting process. After grouting is completed, the PLC automatically starts the settling timer, during which porosity data is collected synchronously. After the settling period, the PLC generates an experimental data report and prompts the removal of the solidified material for analysis.
[0035] These methods allow for a comprehensive assessment of the impact of different grouting conditions on the performance of the stone mass, yielding more comprehensive and in-depth data support. Furthermore, the study of the effects of temperature and humidity changes on the stone mass performance can be incorporated, enabling experimental verification under different environmental conditions and exploring the influence of these factors on grout diffusion and stone mass consolidation.
[0036] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads, characterized in that, include: Cylinder barrel, the cylinder barrel being filled with a layer of sand; Porosity sensors: Multiple porosity sensors are arranged at intervals along the height direction within the sand layer of the cylinder. A loading plate, wherein multiple loading plates are stacked sequentially on top of the sand layer; A first pressure sensor is disposed at the bottom of the loading plate; The grouting pipe has its outlet end located in the middle of the cylinder and its inlet end connected to the grouting pump. A second pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the grouting pump, and the grouting pump is connected to slurry preparation equipment. The controller is connected to the grouting pump, porosity sensor, first pressure sensor, and second pressure sensor.
2. The grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, slurry densities, and loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the height of the sand layer, adjacent porosity sensors are spaced 5 cm apart.
3. The grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, slurry densities, and loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electromagnetic flow meter is installed at the connection between the grouting pipe and the grouting pump, and the electromagnetic flow meter is connected to the controller.
4. The grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, slurry densities, and loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting test apparatus also includes a digital display, which is connected to the controller.
5. The grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, slurry densities, and loads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting test device also includes a power control box, which is electrically connected to the controller and the grouting pump, and controls the switching of the grouting pump.
6. The experimental method of the grouting test apparatus based on different sand layers, grout densities, and loads as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The experimental steps include the following: S1. At the start of the experiment, the cylinder is placed on the experimental platform and sand layers are filled in the order of coarse sand, medium sand, and fine sand. After each 5cm sand layer is filled, it is compacted with a special compaction device. After compaction, the density data is transmitted to the controller through the porosity sensor. S2, when the sand layer is filled to half the set height, the grouting pipe is buried in the sand layer and connected to the grouting pump; the controller receives the pressure detection signal from the second pressure sensor, and when the pressure detection shows normal, the remaining sand layer is filled. S3. According to the experimental requirements, use slurry preparation equipment to prepare slurry of the corresponding density, connect the grouting pipe to the grouting pump, adjust the grouting pressure and flow rate of the grouting pump through the controller, and stack the corresponding number of loading plates on the sand layer, and then start the grouting pump to perform grouting. S4. After the grouting process is completed, let it stand to allow the grout to fully solidify and react chemically with the sand layer to form a stone body; S5, during the settling process, the flow rate, pressure and porosity changes of the slurry and sand layer are collected in real time to obtain detailed information on the slurry diffusion process; S6. After the grouting experiment is completed, the grouting stone sample is taken out and its physical and mechanical properties are tested after the grout has completely solidified.
7. The experimental method of the grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, The density range of the slurry prepared in step S3 is 1.55-1.7 g / cm³.
8. The experimental method of the grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, after grouting is completed, the grout is left to stand for 24 hours. During the standing period, the controller collects the porosity data of the sand layer every hour. When the porosity changes for two consecutive times are ≤0.5%, the controller determines that the grout has initially solidified and can end the standing period in advance.
9. The experimental method of the grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, after the controller collects data on the flow rate, pressure, and porosity of the grout and the sand layer, it plots the PQt curve, where P is the grouting pressure, Q is the grout flow rate, and t is the time. Based on the porosity data, it calculates the grout diffusion radius of the deep sand layer and generates a diffusion path diagram.
10. The experimental method of the grouting experimental device based on different sand layers, grout densities and loads according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S6, after the slurry has solidified, the stone body is divided into multiple small samples using precision cutting technology for compressive strength, tensile strength, and viscosity testing. The microstructure of the stone body is analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the interaction between the slurry and the sand layer and the pore structure of the stone body. The internal structure of the stone body is then non-destructively tested using X-ray imaging and CT scanning technology.