Vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device and GIS shell surface partial discharge ultrasonic detection device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device and a GIS shell surface partial discharge ultrasonic detection device and method. The vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device comprises a vacuum suction cup body, flexible lips used for forming airtight contact with the surface of a GIS shell to be detected are arranged at the bottoms of the two sides of the vacuum suction cup body, and a sensor bearing groove and an air guide channel are arranged in the vacuum suction cup body; wherein the sensor bearing groove is used for embedding a PZT sensor module; the negative pressure generating and maintaining mechanism is connected with the air guide channel through a pipeline and is used for generating and maintaining negative pressure in a space enclosed by the vacuum chuck main body and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested; and the quick release structure is arranged on the outer side of the lip edge of the vacuum chuck main body and is used for breaking the seal to relieve the negative pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology, and more specifically, to a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device, a partial discharge ultrasonic detection device and method for GIS housing surface. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS), with its compact structure and high reliability, has become a core piece of equipment in modern ultra-high voltage transmission networks. However, during its manufacturing, assembly, and long-term operation, microscopic defects such as conductor burrs, metal particles, and insulator defects inevitably remain or develop internally. These defects can cause electric field distortion, inducing partial discharge—a phenomenon that is not only the primary sign of the beginning of insulation degradation, but its cumulative effect can also exacerbate insulation damage, creating a vicious cycle. Without effective monitoring, such discharges will continue to evolve, eventually leading to insulation breakdown and posing a serious threat to the stable operation of the entire power grid. Therefore, monitoring partial discharge is of great significance.

[0003] Acoustic methods, as an important partial discharge detection method, play a crucial role in GIS equipment condition monitoring due to their strong anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities and ability to locate fault points. The effectiveness of this technology highly depends on the accurate acquisition of acoustic signals, with the commonly used PZT piezoelectric sensor being the core detection element. However, engineering practice shows that existing commercial PZT sensors mostly employ rigid cylindrical or planar structures, which present a significant shape mismatch with the inherent cylindrical curved shell of the GIS body. This structural incompatibility makes it difficult for the sensor to achieve a large-area, conformal, and tight fit with the shell surface. This not only causes severe acoustic wave reflection and energy loss at the contact interface, significantly reducing the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of signal detection, but also poses challenges to the stability and repeatability of on-site installation, ultimately limiting the full potential of acoustic detection methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device, an ultrasonic detection device and method for partial discharge on the surface of GIS housing.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device is provided, comprising:

[0006] The vacuum suction cup body has flexible lips on both sides at the bottom for forming an airtight contact with the surface of the GIS shell to be tested, and has a sensor-bearing groove and an air guide channel inside; the sensor-bearing groove is used to embed the PZT sensor module.

[0007] The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism is connected to the air guide channel through a pipeline and is used to generate and maintain negative pressure in the space enclosed by the vacuum suction cup body and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested.

[0008] The quick-release structure, located on the outer lip of the vacuum suction cup body, is used to break the seal to release the negative pressure.

[0009] Optionally, the vacuum suction cup body is made of flexible polymer material, and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested contains various curvature surfaces.

[0010] Optionally, the top of the vacuum suction cup body is integrated with a BNC interface, which is used to communicate with the PZT sensor module (2) through internal wires and to draw out electrical signals.

[0011] Optionally, the negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism is a handheld vacuum pump with a built-in check valve, including manual press-type vacuum pumps, electric micro vacuum pumps, or horn-ball vacuum devices.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, an ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS housing is provided, comprising: a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device and a PZT sensor module, wherein:

[0013] The PZT sensor module is embedded as an independent unit in the sensor support groove, and a flexible acoustic coupling layer is applied to its bottom.

[0014] Optionally, the PZT sensor module can be cylindrical, magnetic ring, square, or sheet-like.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for ultrasonic detection of partial discharge on the surface of a GIS housing using the above-described ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS housing is provided, comprising:

[0016] Cleaning and pretreatment of the GIS shell surface to be tested;

[0017] The ultrasonic partial discharge detection device for the GIS housing surface is attached to the designated curved surface of the GIS housing, and a preliminary seal is achieved through a flexible lip.

[0018] The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism is operated to establish a preset negative pressure in the suction cup negative pressure chamber, thereby generating a clamping force perpendicular to the surface of the housing, forcing the PZT sensor module to establish a tight acoustic contact with the housing.

[0019] During the testing process, the check valve in the negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism is used to maintain the negative pressure until the testing task is completed.

[0020] The quick-release mechanism breaks the vacuum and removes the device from the housing surface.

[0021] Optionally, before attaching the ultrasonic partial discharge detection device for the GIS housing surface to the designated curved surface of the GIS housing, the method further includes: loading the PZT sensor module into the sensor bearing groove of the vacuum suction cup body to realize the construction of the ultrasonic partial discharge detection device for the GIS housing surface.

[0022] Optionally, the range of stable negative pressure is -20 kPa to -60 kPa.

[0023] Optionally, the detection process also includes: real-time monitoring of the vacuum level in the negative pressure chamber using a vacuum gauge connected to the circuit.

[0024] Therefore, this invention provides a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device, an ultrasonic detection device and method for partial discharge on the surface of GIS housing, and a method thereof. Through the flexible sealing frame design of the vacuum suction cup and the controllable negative pressure mechanism, it actively adapts to the cylindrical curved surface of the GIS housing, enabling the PZT sensor to form a large-area, seamless, and tight fit with the housing surface, eliminating acoustic wave reflection interfaces caused by shape mismatch. The ultrasonic detection method for partial discharge on the surface of GIS housing implemented by the above detection device is applicable to various curvature surfaces. During detection, it utilizes uniform, continuous, and adjustable vertical pressure generated by negative pressure to replace traditional binding or adhesive methods, ensuring a stable and efficient acoustic wave transmission path between the sensor and the housing. This fundamentally suppresses ultrasonic signal attenuation caused by uneven or unstable contact pressure, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and fidelity of the detection signal. It simplifies the installation process, enabling rapid installation and disassembly of the sensor and repeated precise positioning, overcoming the shortcomings of existing methods such as difficult installation and poor repeatability, making it particularly suitable for online monitoring or general testing scenarios requiring large-scale, multi-point deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS housing provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an ultrasonic detection method for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS shell provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0030] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish different steps, devices, or modules, and do not represent any specific technical meaning, nor do they indicate a necessary logical order between them.

[0031] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" can refer to two or more, and "at least one" can refer to one, two or more.

[0032] It should also be understood that any component, data or structure mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention can generally be understood as one or more unless explicitly defined or given contrary instructions in the context.

[0033] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this invention is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0034] It should also be understood that the description of the various embodiments in this invention emphasizes the differences between the various embodiments, and the similarities or similarities can be referred to each other. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail.

[0035] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0036] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0037] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0038] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS housing provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 1 As shown, the ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS casing includes:

[0040] The vacuum suction cup body 1 has flexible lips 11 on both sides at the bottom for forming an airtight contact with the surface of the GIS shell to be tested, and sensor carrying grooves 12 and air guiding channels 13 inside;

[0041] The PZT sensor module 2 is embedded as an independent unit in the sensor support groove 12, and a flexible acoustic coupling layer 21 is applied to its bottom.

[0042] The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3 is connected to the air guide channel 13 through a pipeline, and is used to generate and maintain negative pressure in the space enclosed by the vacuum suction cup body 1 and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested.

[0043] The quick-release structure 4 is located on the outside of the lip 11 of the vacuum suction cup body 1, and is used to break the seal to release the negative pressure.

[0044] Specifically, to address the problem of low acoustic coupling efficiency between the sensor and the detection surface due to configuration differences, this invention innovatively designs and fabricates a curved piezoelectric ceramic sensor that is well-suited to the curved surface features of GIS shells.

[0045] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS shell, aiming to solve a series of problems faced by traditional rigid sensors when applied to curved GIS shells. Specifically, the purpose of this invention is:

[0046] Solving the problem of physical bonding: Through the flexible sealing frame design of the vacuum suction cup and the controllable negative pressure mechanism, it actively adapts to the cylindrical curved surface of the GIS shell, so that the PZT sensor and the shell surface form a large-area, seamless, and tight fit, eliminating the acoustic wave reflection interface caused by shape mismatch.

[0047] Optimize acoustic coupling performance: Utilize uniform, continuous and adjustable vertical pressure generated by negative pressure to replace traditional binding or gluing methods, ensuring a stable and efficient acoustic wave transmission path between the sensor and the housing. This fundamentally suppresses ultrasonic signal attenuation caused by uneven or unstable contact pressure, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio and fidelity of the detection signal.

[0048] Improve engineering applicability and deployment efficiency: Simplify the installation process, enable rapid installation and removal of sensors and accurate repetitive positioning, overcome the shortcomings of existing methods such as difficult installation and poor repeatability, making it particularly suitable for online monitoring or general measurement scenarios that require large-scale, multi-point deployment.

[0049] Breaking through the limitations of mounting substrates: This invention provides a universal fixing solution that does not depend on the magnetic conductivity of the housing material. In particular, it solves the industry pain point that magnetic chucks cannot be used on GIS housings made of non-ferromagnetic metal materials such as aluminum alloys, greatly expanding the applicability of this acoustic testing method.

[0050] Therefore, this invention provides: a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device; and a PZT fixing method based on negative pressure adsorption. This provides an advanced and practical fundamental technical support for achieving high sensitivity, high reliability, and large-scale application of acoustic detection of partial discharge in GIS.

[0051] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0052] An ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS housing includes a vacuum suction cup body 1, a PZT sensor module 2, a negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3, and a rapid release structure 4, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0053] The vacuum suction cup body 1 is made of flexible polymer material, and its bottom is provided with a flexible lip 11 for sealing, which can adaptively form an airtight contact with the surface of GIS shells of various curvatures. A sensor-carrying groove 12 is provided on the inner center of the vacuum suction cup body 1. The outline dimension of the groove 12 is slightly larger than the sensor's shape, used to accommodate and limit the PZT sensor. A BNC interface 14 is provided at the top of the suction cup for direct connection to the internal PZT sensor.

[0054] The PZT sensor module 2 is embedded as an independent unit within the sensor mounting groove 12. The core of this module is the PZT sensor body, which can be cylindrical, magnetic ring-shaped, square, or sheet-like. An external BNC interface is directly connected to the signal interface on the top of the PZT to extract the electrical signal output from the PZT. At the bottom of the PZT sensor, a flexible acoustic coupling layer 21 is laid to fill microscopic uneven gaps, further enhancing the transmission efficiency of sound waves.

[0055] The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3 is a small handheld vacuum pump with a built-in check valve, used to create and maintain suction force. The space enclosed between the vacuum suction cup body 1 and the GIS housing surface constitutes the suction cup negative pressure chamber 5. The vacuum suction cup body 1 integrates a gas guide channel 13 and a vacuum interface, which are connected to the external negative pressure generation mechanism 3 through pipelines; the negative pressure generation mechanism 3 can be a manual press-type vacuum pump, an electric micro vacuum pump, or a horn-ball vacuum device, and has a built-in check valve structure to ensure that the negative pressure in the chamber can be maintained for a long time after the power is removed.

[0056] The quick-release structure 4 is a pry bar located on the outer side of the suction cup lip. When disassembly is required, moving this pry bar allows outside air to rush into the negative pressure chamber instantly, breaking the vacuum and thus enabling the device to be quickly and without damage.

[0057] An exemplary embodiment of the present invention also provides a vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device, comprising:

[0058] The vacuum suction cup body 1 has flexible lips 11 on both sides at the bottom for forming an airtight contact with the surface of the GIS shell to be tested, and has a sensor carrying groove 12 and an air guiding channel 13 inside; wherein the sensor carrying groove 12 is used to embed the PZT sensor module 2.

[0059] The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3 is connected to the air guide channel 13 through a pipeline, and is used to generate and maintain negative pressure in the space enclosed by the vacuum suction cup body 1 and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested.

[0060] The quick-release structure 4 is located on the outside of the lip 11 of the vacuum suction cup body 1, and is used to break the seal to release the negative pressure.

[0061] Specifically, the vacuum suction cup body 1 is made of flexible polymer material, and its bottom is provided with a flexible lip 11 for sealing, which can adaptively form an airtight contact with the surface of the GIS shell with various curvatures. A sensor-carrying groove 12 is provided on the central inner side of the vacuum suction cup body 1. The outline dimension of the groove 12 is slightly larger than the sensor's shape, used to accommodate and limit the PZT sensor. A BNC interface 14 is provided at the top of the suction cup for direct connection to the internal PZT sensor.

[0062] The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3 is a small handheld vacuum pump with a built-in check valve, used to create and maintain suction force. The space enclosed between the vacuum suction cup body 1 and the GIS housing surface constitutes the suction cup negative pressure chamber 5. The vacuum suction cup body 1 integrates a gas guide channel 13 and a vacuum interface, which are connected to the external negative pressure generation mechanism 3 through pipelines; the negative pressure generation mechanism 3 can be a manual press-type vacuum pump, an electric micro vacuum pump, or a horn-ball vacuum device, and has a built-in check valve structure to ensure that the negative pressure in the chamber can be maintained for a long time after the power is removed.

[0063] The quick-release structure 4 is a pry bar located on the outer side of the suction cup lip. When disassembly is required, moving this pry bar allows outside air to rush into the negative pressure chamber instantly, breaking the vacuum and thus enabling the device to be quickly and without damage.

[0064] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an ultrasonic detection method for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS casing provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the ultrasonic detection method 100 for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS casing includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 101: Clean and pre-treat the surface of the GIS shell to be tested;

[0066] Step 102: The partial discharge ultrasonic detection device on the surface of the GIS housing is attached to the designated curved surface of the GIS housing, and a preliminary seal is achieved through the flexible lip 11.

[0067] Step 103: Operate the negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3 to establish a stable negative pressure in the suction cup negative pressure chamber, thereby generating a clamping force perpendicular to the surface of the housing, forcing the PZT sensor module 2 to establish a tight acoustic contact with the housing.

[0068] Step 104: During the test, the negative pressure is maintained by the check valve in the negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism 3 until the test is completed.

[0069] Step 105: Operate the quick release structure 4 to break the vacuum and remove the device from the housing surface.

[0070] Specifically, the method of using the present invention includes the following steps performed in an orderly manner:

[0071] S1 Pre-installation treatment: Clean the surface of the GIS housing at the installation location using solvents such as anhydrous ethanol to remove grease, dust and other contaminants to ensure that the vacuum suction cup can achieve an effective airtight seal.

[0072] S2 Sensor Loading: Place the PZT sensor body into the pre-set sensor-bearing groove in the center of the vacuum suction cup body. During placement, ensure the bottom surface of the sensor faces the GIS housing surface and maintains good contact with the optional flexible acoustic coupling layer.

[0073] S3 Initial Positioning and Fitting: The handheld detection device is aligned and smoothly attached to the designated curved surface of the pre-treated GIS housing. Initial sealing contact with the housing is achieved through the initial deformation of the suction cup's flexible lip.

[0074] S4 Establishing Negative Pressure Adsorption: Start or operate the vacuum pump connected to the vacuum interface to extract air from the negative pressure chamber of the suction cup through the air guide channel. By adjustment, a stable negative pressure of -20kPa to -60kPa is formed in the chamber. Under this negative pressure, the suction cup body is firmly pressed onto the shell by atmospheric pressure, while simultaneously generating a uniform and continuous clamping force perpendicular to the shell surface on the embedded PZT sensor, forcing a tight acoustic contact between the sensor and the shell.

[0075] S5 Operating Status Maintenance and Monitoring: Once the negative pressure reaches the predetermined value, the built-in check valve in the negative pressure generating mechanism will automatically close to prevent air backflow, thus achieving long-term self-maintenance of negative pressure without external power input. To further ensure reliability, the vacuum level in the negative pressure chamber can be monitored in real time via a miniature vacuum gauge connected to the circuit. If leakage exceeds the limit, an alarm can be triggered promptly or a pressure replenishment operation can be performed.

[0076] S6 Device Disassembly: When the sensor needs to be removed after the testing task is completed, simply use your fingers to pull up the pry bar located on the edge of the suction cup, briefly disrupting its local seal and allowing outside air to quickly enter the negative pressure chamber, instantly balancing the internal and external pressures. Then, the entire mounting device can be easily removed from the GIS housing surface without causing any damage to the housing or the sensor itself.

[0077] Compared with existing technologies, the ultrasonic detection method for partial discharge on the surface of GIS shells provided by this invention has the following significant advancements and beneficial effects:

[0078] Significant improvement in acoustic coupling performance: This invention utilizes a uniform, constant, and perpendicular clamping force generated by negative pressure to fundamentally eliminate the poor contact problems caused by insufficient or uneven pressure in traditional fixing methods. This maximizes the compression of the air gap between the PZT sensor and the metal housing, creating a stable and efficient acoustic wave transmission channel. Experimental tests show that, after adopting this method, the amplitude of the received partial discharge ultrasonic signal is increased by 5–12 dB, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is improved by approximately 4–7 dB, greatly enhancing the detection capability of weak discharge signals and the early warning level of the monitoring system.

[0079] The invention exhibits excellent versatility for GIS curved shells: the suction cup body and its sealing lip, made of flexible polymer material, possess excellent elastic deformation capabilities, automatically adapting to cylindrical shells of different diameters and even other complex curvatures, achieving true "conformal fit." This characteristic makes the invention a universal solution, eliminating the need for customized sensor structures for different manufacturers or models of GIS equipment, significantly reducing application complexity and cost.

[0080] This method achieves both rapid installation and high consistency of measurement results: requiring no additional tools, fasteners, adhesives, or magnets, it enables portable operation. In practical testing, the complete installation process for a single-point sensor can be completed within 10 seconds. This extremely high efficiency makes it particularly suitable for large-scale, distributed, multi-point synchronous deployment on large GIS equipment, ensuring consistent operating conditions for each installation and thus guaranteeing the comparability and reliability of measurement data.

[0081] It features non-destructive installation, protecting the integrity of the equipment: the entire fixing process involves only physical contact, with no hard metal connections or chemical adhesive residues, and will not damage the anti-corrosion coating or insulation layer on the surface of the GIS shell, thus meeting the high standards of safe operation and maintenance requirements for power equipment.

[0082] Maintaining high reliability even in harsh environments: The enormous static friction generated by negative pressure adsorption gives the device extremely strong resistance to displacement. Even in the switchyard environment filled with mechanical vibration and operational shocks, the sensor can always maintain a stable fit, avoiding signal interruption or unstable signal transmission due to loosening.

[0083] Combining economy and environmental friendliness, and being reusable: The main structure of the device (vacuum suction cup) is robust and durable, capable of undergoing hundreds of installation and disassembly cycles. Furthermore, it has no specific requirements regarding the shape of the PZT sensor body, allowing for flexible adaptation to various commonly used models on the market, effectively extending the technology's lifespan and reducing the user's total cost of ownership.

[0084] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device, characterized in that, include: The vacuum suction cup body (1) has flexible lips (11) on both sides at the bottom for forming an airtight contact with the surface of the GIS shell to be tested, and a sensor carrying groove (12) and an air guiding channel (13) are provided inside; wherein the sensor carrying groove (12) is used to embed the PZT sensor module (2); The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism (3) is connected to the air guide channel (13) through a pipeline and is used to generate and maintain negative pressure in the space enclosed by the vacuum suction cup body (1) and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested; A quick-release structure (4) is provided on the outside of the lip (11) of the vacuum suction cup body (1) to break the seal and release the negative pressure.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum suction cup body (1) is made of flexible polymer material, and the surface of the GIS shell to be tested contains a variety of curvature surfaces.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the vacuum suction cup body (1) is integrated with a BNC interface (14), which is used to communicate with the PZT sensor module (2) through internal wires and to draw out electrical signals.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism (3) is a handheld vacuum pump with a built-in check valve, and its types include manual press-type vacuum pump, electric micro vacuum pump or horn ball type vacuum pumping device.

5. An ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS casing, characterized in that, include: The vacuum suction cup type PZT sensor fixing device and the PZT sensor module (2) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein The PZT sensor module (2) is embedded as an independent unit in the sensor bearing groove (12), and a flexible acoustic coupling layer (21) is applied to its bottom.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The PZT sensor module (2) is cylindrical, magnetic ring, square, or sheet-like in shape.

7. A method for ultrasonic detection of partial discharge on the surface of a GIS casing, implemented using the ultrasonic detection device for partial discharge on the surface of a GIS casing as described in any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that, include: Cleaning and pretreatment of the GIS shell surface to be tested; The ultrasonic partial discharge detection device for the GIS housing is attached to the designated curved surface of the GIS housing, and a preliminary seal is achieved through the flexible lip (11). The negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism (3) is operated to establish a preset negative pressure in the suction cup negative pressure chamber, thereby generating a clamping force perpendicular to the surface of the housing, forcing the PZT sensor module (2) to establish a tight acoustic contact with the housing; During the testing process, the check valve in the negative pressure generation and maintenance mechanism (3) is used to maintain the negative pressure until the testing task is completed; The quick release structure (4) breaks the vacuum and removes the device from the housing surface.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before attaching the GIS housing surface partial discharge ultrasonic detection device to the designated curved surface of the GIS housing, the method further includes: loading the PZT sensor module (2) into the sensor bearing groove (12) of the vacuum suction cup body (1) to realize the construction of the GIS housing surface partial discharge ultrasonic detection device.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The range of the stable negative pressure is -20 kPa to -60 kPa.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The testing process also includes: real-time monitoring of the vacuum level in the negative pressure chamber using a vacuum gauge connected to the circuit.

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