Gis dc partial discharge positioning defect diagnosis method, apparatus, and medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a GIS DC partial discharge positioning defect diagnosis method, device and medium, the method comprising: in the case that a first sensor detects a partial discharge signal, detecting the partial discharge position according to the first sensor and a second sensor on an aerial detection model; acquiring gas detection data of the partial discharge position; and determining the defect type of the partial discharge position according to the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal. The positioning of the partial discharge position is completed by the partial discharge sensors arranged on the GIS and the partial discharge sensors on the unmanned aerial vehicle, which can adapt to various discharge conditions and reduce installation and detection costs; the defect type of the DC partial discharge position can be quickly diagnosed through the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal of the partial discharge position, and the GIS defect diagnosis efficiency is high and the detection cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of power detection technology, and particularly to a method, equipment, and medium for diagnosing defects in GIS DC partial discharge localization. Background Technology

[0002] DC GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear) is increasingly widely used in long-distance and high-capacity power transmission due to its advantages such as small footprint and high insulation reliability. Partial discharge is a common electrical phenomenon in GIS equipment. It not only indicates the insulation status of the GIS equipment but is also often a precursor to insulation failure. Therefore, timely detection and diagnosis of fault types in the early stages of GIS failure is of great significance for ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0003] However, existing partial discharge sensors on GIS are designed to detect partial discharge in AC GIS and perform AC partial discharge analysis directly based on the detection information from the partial discharge sensors, which is insufficient to meet the partial discharge diagnosis needs of DC GIS. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail herein. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to propose a method, device, and medium for diagnosing partial discharge defects in GIS (Gas Insulated Switchgear) DC systems, which can accurately detect partial discharge in DC GIS systems.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for diagnosing DC partial discharge defects in a GIS (Gas Grid Integrated System), applied to a power grid management system. The power grid management system is equipped with a digital twin model of the GIS and an aerial detection model corresponding to a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). Both the GIS and the UAV are equipped with multiple different types of partial discharge sensors. The method includes:

[0007] When the first sensor on the digital twin model detects a partial discharge signal, the partial discharge location is detected based on the first sensor and the second sensor on the air detection model, where both the first sensor and the second sensor characterize the partial discharge sensor.

[0008] Acquire gas detection data at the partial discharge location, wherein the gas detection data indicates the gas type and the content of each gas;

[0009] The defect type at the location of the partial discharge is determined based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, detecting the partial discharge location based on the first sensor and the second sensor on the airborne detection model includes:

[0011] When at least two of the first sensors receive the partial discharge signal at the same first time in the digital twin model, a first plane is constructed in a first direction. The first plane is perpendicular to the connecting line between the at least two first sensors, and the first perpendicular bisector of the connecting line is located in the first plane.

[0012] In the case that there are no at least two first sensors that receive the partial discharge signal at the same first reception time on the digital twin model, the first plane is constructed between the second sensor and the first sensor;

[0013] Construct a second plane in the second direction;

[0014] A third plane is constructed in a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and both the second plane and the third plane are constructed by the second sensor and / or the first sensor located in relative positions;

[0015] The partial discharge location is determined based on the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, constructing the first plane between the second sensor and the first sensor includes:

[0017] Control the drone to move along the first direction and obtain the drone's real-time position;

[0018] Obtain the second reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor at the real-time location;

[0019] When the second receiving time is equal to the first receiving time, the real-time location is configured as the second target location;

[0020] The first target position of the first sensor is obtained when the time for receiving the partial discharge signal is equal to the first reception time.

[0021] The first plane is constructed on the second perpendicular line of the straight line connecting the first target position and the second target position.

[0022] In some alternative embodiments, constructing the second plane in the second direction includes:

[0023] If there are two first sensors on the first or second vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, the two first sensors with the same receiving time shall be configured as the first target sensor.

[0024] Construct the second plane on the third perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two first target sensors;

[0025] If there are no two first sensors on the first or second vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, and there is at least one first sensor, then any one of the first sensors located on the first or second vertical line shall be configured as the second target sensor.

[0026] The UAV is moved along the first or second vertical line, and the position corresponding to the moment when the reception time of the second sensor on the UAV is equal to the reception time of the second target sensor is configured as the third target position, where the second target sensor is not located at the third target position.

[0027] The second plane is constructed on the fourth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the third target position and the second target sensor;

[0028] If the first sensor is not present on the first or second vertical line, the UAV is moved along the first or second vertical line, and two relative positions with equal reception times of the second sensor are configured as the fourth target position.

[0029] The second plane is constructed on the fifth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two fourth target locations.

[0030] In some alternative embodiments, constructing the third plane upwards includes:

[0031] If two first sensors on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, the two first sensors with the same receiving time are configured as the third target sensor.

[0032] The third plane is constructed on the sixth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two third target sensors;

[0033] If there are no two first sensors receiving the partial discharge signal at the same time on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and there is at least one first sensor, then any first sensor located on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line shall be configured as the fourth target sensor.

[0034] The UAV is moved along the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and the position corresponding to the moment when the reception time of the second sensor on the UAV is equal to the reception time of the fourth target sensor is configured as the fifth target position, wherein the fourth target sensor is not located at the fifth target position.

[0035] The third plane is constructed on the seventh perpendicular line of the connecting line between the fifth target location and the fourth target sensor;

[0036] If the first sensor is not present on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, the UAV is moved along the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line to configure two relative positions with equal reception times of the second sensor as the sixth target position.

[0037] The third plane is constructed on the eighth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two sixth target locations.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, determining the partial discharge location based on the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane includes:

[0039] Configure the intersecting line between the first plane and the second plane as the target line;

[0040] The intersection of the target line and the third plane is designated as the target point;

[0041] Configure the spatial location of the target point as the partial discharge location.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, determining the defect type of the partial discharge location based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal includes:

[0043] When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is within a first frequency range, the pulse amplitude is less than a first preset threshold, the pulse amplitude shows an inverse exponential curve trend, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is less than a first picocoulomb value, and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows an inverse exponential curve trend, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as air gap discharge.

[0044] When the discharge type is air gap discharge, the gas detection data is acquired:

[0045] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is within the first range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is less than the first threshold for sulfuryl fluoride content. and If the content ratio is less than the first preset ratio and the gas production rate is within the first rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a manufacturing process defect.

[0046] Characterization of the gas detection data The content gradually increases over time. When the content of sulfur dioxide is within the first sulfur dioxide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases over time, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging.

[0047] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the second range of thionyl fluoride content. When the content of sulfuryl fluoride is within the first sulfuryl fluoride content range and the gas production rate is within the second rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as assembly error.

[0048] Characterization of the gas detection data The content of sulfite fluoride is within the third range and is positively correlated with ambient humidity. If the content of sulfur dioxide is less than the first sulfur dioxide content threshold, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a humid environment.

[0049] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0050] When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the second frequency range, the pulse amplitude is in the first preset amplitude range and gradually increases and tends to stabilize over time, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 200-600 picocoulombs and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows a normal curve trend, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as surface discharge.

[0051] When the discharge type is surface discharge, the gas detection data is acquired:

[0052] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the fourth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is within the second sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is within the second range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is within the range of the first tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the first carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate is in the third rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as an insulation process defect.

[0053] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the fifth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the third sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is in the third range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is within the range of the second tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the second carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging.

[0054] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the sixth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the fourth sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is in the fourth range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is in the third tetrafluoride content range. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the third carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate is in the fourth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation installation error.

[0055] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the seventh range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the fifth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content of sulfur dioxide is in the fifth range and is positively correlated with temperature and humidity. The content is in the fourth range of carbon tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the fourth carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate varies with temperature and humidity, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation contamination or damage.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0057] When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the third frequency range, the pulse repetition rate is less than the preset repetition rate, the pulse amplitude is discontinuous and intermittently distributed, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 20-70 picocoulombs and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows pulse variation, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal tip discharge.

[0058] In the case where the discharge type is metal tip discharge, the gas detection data is acquired:

[0059] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the eighth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is within the range of the sixth thiosulfate fluoride content. The content is in the sixth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the second preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the first hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the fifth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a metal processing defect.

[0060] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the ninth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the seventh thiosulfate fluoride content range. The content is within the seventh range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the third preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the second hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the sixth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal part installation damage.

[0061] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the tenth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the eighth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is in the eighth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the fourth preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the third hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal corrosion aging.

[0062] Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the eleventh range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the ninth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is in the ninth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the fifth preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the fourth hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the seventh rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal debris.

[0063] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method described in the first aspect.

[0064] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a power grid management system, including the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis device mentioned in the second aspect above.

[0065] Fourthly, a computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for executing the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method described in the first aspect.

[0066] The beneficial effects of this invention include: when a partial discharge signal is detected by a first sensor on a digital twin model, the partial discharge location is detected based on the first sensor and a second sensor on the aerial detection model, where both the first and second sensors characterize the partial discharge sensor; gas detection data at the partial discharge location is acquired, indicating the gas type and content of each gas; and the defect type at the partial discharge location is determined based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal. By coordinating partial discharge sensors installed on the GIS and those on the UAV to locate the partial discharge location, this invention can adapt to various locations of DC partial discharge within the GIS, minimizing the number of partial discharge sensors required on the GIS and reducing installation and detection costs. Furthermore, the gas detection data and partial discharge signal at the partial discharge location enable rapid diagnosis of the defect type at the DC partial discharge location, facilitating quick processing by personnel. This results in high efficiency and low cost for GIS defect diagnosis, making DC partial discharge location and defect diagnosis in GIS fast and convenient.

[0067] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the location of a partial discharge point via planar positioning provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a controller provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Reference numerals: Controller 1000, Processor 1100, Memory 1200. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0073] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0074] Ultra-high frequency (UHF) methods are typically used for partial discharge detection in operating GIS systems. For long-term, continuous monitoring of the equipment using UHF, manufacturers need to incorporate sensor couplers during manufacturing to ensure measurement accuracy. However, built-in sensor couplers are prone to failure in a timely manner, easily leading to incorrect localization of partial discharge sources. Conversely, if sensor couplers are placed externally, they are highly susceptible to interference from various external electromagnetic signals, affecting detection accuracy and resulting in poor localization of partial discharge sources.

[0075] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a method, device, and medium for diagnosing DC partial discharge defects in GIS systems.

[0076] This application provides a method, device, and medium for diagnosing defects in DC partial discharge in GIS, which will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for diagnosing and locating defects in GIS DC partial discharge, including:

[0078] S100, when the first sensor on the digital twin model detects a partial discharge signal, the partial discharge location is detected based on the first sensor and the second sensor on the air detection model, wherein both the first sensor and the second sensor characterize the partial discharge sensor.

[0079] It should be noted that the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method of this application is applied to a power grid management system equipped with a digital twin model of the GIS and an aerial detection model corresponding to a UAV. The digital twin model of the GIS is equipped with multiple vibration wave sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, gas sensors, partial discharge sensors, etc., and the corresponding GIS is also equipped with corresponding vibration wave sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, gas sensors, partial discharge sensors, etc.; and the UAV and its corresponding aerial detection model are also equipped with multiple different types of partial discharge sensors, thereby enabling the detection of different types of partial discharge signals. The location and specific working status of each sensor can be intuitively viewed through the digital twin model and the aerial detection model.

[0080] Specifically, when the first sensor of the GIS digital twin model detects a valid DC partial discharge signal, it is linked with the second sensor of the UAV aerial detection model to accurately locate the partial discharge position. By combining the body positioning of the GIS digital twin model with the spatial positioning of the UAV aerial detection model, three-dimensional precise location locking of the partial discharge position is achieved, which can adapt to multiple installation scenarios of DC GIS. When multiple local locations are acquired, their priorities are divided to determine the processing priority of each local location, i.e., to determine the partial discharge level.

[0081] In some optional embodiments, detecting the partial discharge location based on the first sensor and the second sensor on the airborne detection model includes:

[0082] S110. When at least two of the first sensors in the digital twin model receive the partial discharge signal at the same first reception time, a first plane is constructed in a first direction. The first plane is perpendicular to the connecting line between the at least two first sensors, and the first perpendicular bisector of the connecting line is located in the first plane.

[0083] Specifically, if at least two first sensors in the digital twin model receive the partial discharge signal at exactly the same first reception time, the physical position of the two first sensors with exactly the same first reception time is used as a reference. First, a connecting straight line between the two first sensors is determined, and then a first plane is built in the first direction. The first plane is perpendicular to the connecting straight line, and the first perpendicular bisector of the connecting straight line is completely within the first plane. That is, the propagation distance of the partial discharge signal to the two first sensors is equal, and the position of the partial discharge falls on the first plane.

[0084] S120. If there are no two first sensors that receive the partial discharge signal at the same first reception time on the digital twin model, construct the first plane between the second sensor and the first sensor.

[0085] Specifically, if no two first sensors in the digital twin model receive the partial discharge signal at the same first reception time, the second sensor on the UAV aerial detection model and the first sensor on the digital twin model are used as references to construct the first plane in the first direction, thereby locking the spatial range of the partial discharge location in the first direction.

[0086] S130, Construct a second plane in the second direction;

[0087] Specifically, after the construction of the first plane is completed, the construction of the second plane is carried out in the second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The second plane is constructed by the second sensor and / or the first sensor in relative positions. The construction logic is the same as that of the first plane, based on the sensor's reception characteristics of the partial discharge signal and the relative position between the sensors, to ensure that the partial discharge position falls on the second plane.

[0088] S140. Construct a third plane in a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and both the second plane and the third plane are constructed by the second sensor and / or the first sensor located in relative positions.

[0089] Specifically, the construction of the third plane continues in the third direction; the third direction is perpendicular to both the first and second directions, achieving the spatial dimension requirement of mutual perpendicularity between the three directions. The third plane is also constructed by the second sensor and / or the first sensor in relative positions, and the partial discharge position falls on the third plane.

[0090] S150. Determine the partial discharge location based on the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane.

[0091] Specifically, after the construction of the first, second, and third planes is completed, based on the principles of spatial geometry, the three mutually perpendicular planes will form a unique intersection point in three-dimensional space. This intersection point is the location of the partial discharge, thereby achieving precise positioning of the partial discharge location.

[0092] In some alternative embodiments, constructing the first plane between the second sensor and the first sensor includes:

[0093] S121. Control the drone to move along the first direction and obtain the real-time position of the drone;

[0094] Specifically, when there are no two first sensors on the GIS device that receive partial discharge signals at equal times in the first direction, the first reception time of one of the first sensors in the first direction is used as the reference. The drone equipped with the second sensor is then controlled to move from its starting position to the GIS casing opposite the first sensor, and the drone moves along the preset first direction at the GIS device. Simultaneously, the drone's real-time spatial position is continuously and accurately acquired during its movement, and this real-time position is uploaded to the power grid management system to complete the recording and storage of the real-time position.

[0095] S122. Obtain the second reception time of the second sensor receiving the partial discharge signal at the real-time location;

[0096] Specifically, as the drone moves along the first direction, it continuously receives partial discharge signals through the second sensor, and at the same time, it obtains the second reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor at each real-time location, thus establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the real-time location and the second reception time.

[0097] S123. When the second receiving time is equal to the first receiving time, the real-time location is configured as the second target location;

[0098] Specifically, the second reception time is compared in real time with the first reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the first sensor on the digital twin model. When the second reception time at a certain real-time position is found to be exactly equal to the first reception time, the real-time position is calibrated and configured as the second target position, and the position is locked as the reference position on the UAV side.

[0099] S124. Obtain the first target position of the first sensor when the time for receiving the partial discharge signal is equal to the first receiving time;

[0100] Specifically, in the digital twin model, the physical installation location of the first sensor (i.e., the sensor that receives the partial discharge signal in the first direction for the first receiving time) is extracted in the digital twin model, and this location is configured as the first target location, and this location is locked as the reference location on the GIS body side.

[0101] S125. Construct the first plane on the second perpendicular line of the connecting line between the first target position and the second target position.

[0102] Specifically, the determined first and second target positions are used as two reference positions. A straight line connecting the two reference positions is determined, and the second perpendicular bisector of the connecting line is obtained. In the first direction, a first plane is constructed with the second perpendicular bisector as the core. The first plane is perpendicular to the straight line connecting the first and second target positions, and the second perpendicular bisector is completely within the first plane. The partial position falls on the first plane.

[0103] In some alternative embodiments, constructing the second plane in the second direction includes:

[0104] S131. If there are two first sensors on the first vertical line or the second vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, the two first sensors with the same receiving time shall be configured as the first target sensor.

[0105] S132. Construct the second plane on the third perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two first target sensors;

[0106] Specifically, if there are two first sensors that receive partial discharge signals at exactly the same time on the constructed first or second perpendicular line, these two first sensors with the same receiving time are calibrated and configured as first target sensors. Using the two first target sensors as a reference, the spatial connecting line between them is determined, and the third perpendicular line of the connecting line is accurately obtained. Finally, in the second direction, a second plane is constructed with the third perpendicular line as the core. The second plane is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two first target sensors, and the third perpendicular line is completely within the second plane. The partial discharge position falls on the second plane.

[0107] S133. In the case where there are no two first sensors on the first vertical line or the second vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, and there is at least one first sensor, any one of the first sensors located on the first vertical line or the second vertical line is configured as the second target sensor.

[0108] S134. Move the UAV on the first or second vertical line and configure the position corresponding to the moment when the reception time of the second sensor on the UAV is equal to the reception time of the second target sensor as the third target position, wherein the second target sensor is not located at the third target position.

[0109] S135. Construct the second plane on the fourth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the third target position and the second target sensor;

[0110] Specifically, if on the constructed first or second vertical line, no two first sensors receive partial discharge signals at the same time, and there is at least one first sensor on the first or second vertical line, then any one first sensor is selected from the first or second vertical line, calibrated, and configured as the second target sensor; the drone equipped with the second sensor is controlled to move along the first or second vertical line, and the real-time reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor during the drone's movement is simultaneously acquired, and this real-time reception time is compared in real time with the reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second target sensor. When the two reception times are completely equal, the spatial position of the drone at this time is locked and configured as the third target position, while ensuring that the second target sensor and the third target sensor are not in the same spatial position.

[0111] Using the installation position of the second target sensor and the position of the third target as two reference points, a straight line connecting the two is determined. The fourth perpendicular bisector of this connecting line is then obtained. In the second direction, a second plane is constructed with the fourth perpendicular bisector as the core. This second plane is perpendicular to the straight line connecting the second target sensor and the position of the third target, and the fourth perpendicular bisector is located within this second plane, meaning that the partial discharge position falls into the second plane.

[0112] S136. If the first sensor is not present on the first or second vertical line, move the UAV on the first or second vertical line and configure two relative positions with equal reception times of the second sensor as the fourth target position.

[0113] S137. Construct the second plane on the fifth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two fourth target positions.

[0114] Specifically, if no first sensor is deployed on the established first or second perpendicular bisector, a drone equipped with a second sensor is controlled to move along the first or second perpendicular bisector. During the movement, the real-time reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor is continuously acquired. Two drone positions with completely equal reception times of the partial discharge signal and in relative positions are selected and marked as fourth target positions. Using the two fourth target positions as a reference, a spatial connecting line is determined between them, and a fifth perpendicular bisector of this connecting line is obtained. In the second direction, a second plane is constructed with the fifth perpendicular bisector as the core. This second plane is perpendicular to the connecting line between the two fourth target positions, and the fifth perpendicular bisector lies within this second plane.

[0115] In some alternative embodiments, constructing the third plane upwards includes:

[0116] S141. If there are two first sensors on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, the two first sensors with the same receiving time shall be configured as the third target sensor.

[0117] S142. Construct the third plane on the sixth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two third target sensors;

[0118] Specifically, if two first sensors receive partial discharge signals at exactly the same time on the constructed third, fourth, or fifth perpendicular bisector, these two first sensors with equal receiving times are calibrated and configured as third target sensors. Using the two third target sensors as spatial references, a spatial connecting line between them is determined, thereby obtaining a sixth perpendicular bisector of the connecting line. In the third direction, a third plane is constructed with the sixth perpendicular bisector as the core. This third plane is perpendicular to the connecting line between the two third target sensors, and the sixth perpendicular bisector lies within this third plane, with the partial discharge position falling on this third plane.

[0119] S143. If there are no two first sensors receiving the partial discharge signal at the same time on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and there is at least one first sensor, then any one of the first sensors located on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line shall be configured as the fourth target sensor.

[0120] S144. Move the UAV along the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and configure the position corresponding to the moment when the reception time of the second sensor on the UAV is equal to the reception time of the fourth target sensor as the fifth target position, wherein the fourth target sensor is not located at the fifth target position.

[0121] S145. Construct the third plane on the seventh perpendicular line of the connecting line between the fifth target position and the fourth target sensor;

[0122] Specifically, if on the constructed third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, no two first sensors receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, and at least one first sensor is deployed on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, then any one first sensor is selected from the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, calibrated, and configured as the fourth target sensor; the drone equipped with the second sensor is controlled to move along the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and the real-time reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor during the drone's movement is simultaneously acquired, and this real-time reception time is compared in real time with the reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the fourth target sensor. When the two reception times are completely equal, the spatial position of the drone at this time is locked and configured as the fifth target position, and it is ensured that the physical position of the fourth target sensor does not coincide with the fifth target position.

[0123] Based on the installation position of the fourth target sensor and the position of the fifth target, a straight line connecting the two is determined, and the seventh perpendicular bisector of the connecting line is obtained. Then, in the third direction, a third plane is constructed with the seventh perpendicular bisector as the core. The third plane is perpendicular to the straight line connecting the positions of the fourth target sensor and the fifth target, and the seventh perpendicular bisector is completely within the third plane. The partial discharge position is obviously also within the third plane.

[0124] S146. If the first sensor is not present on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, move the UAV on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line and configure two relative positions with equal reception times of the second sensor as the sixth target position.

[0125] S147. Construct the third plane on the eighth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two sixth target positions.

[0126] Specifically, if no first sensor is deployed on the constructed third, fourth, or fifth perpendicular bisector, the drone equipped with the second sensor is controlled to move along the third, fourth, or fifth perpendicular bisector. During the movement, the real-time reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor is continuously collected and recorded. From all real-time positions, two drone real-time positions that meet the condition of having completely equal reception times and being in relative spatial positions are selected and marked and configured as the sixth target positions. Using the two sixth target positions as spatial references, a spatial connecting line between them is determined, and then the eighth perpendicular bisector of this connecting line is determined. Finally, in a third direction, a third plane is constructed with the eighth perpendicular bisector as the core. This third plane is perpendicular to the connecting line between the two sixth target positions, and both the eighth perpendicular bisector and the partial discharge position are located within this third plane.

[0127] In some optional embodiments, determining the partial discharge location based on the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane includes:

[0128] S151. Configure the intersecting line between the first plane and the second plane as the target line;

[0129] S152. The intersection point of the target line and the third plane is configured as the target point;

[0130] S153. Configure the spatial location of the target point as the partial discharge location.

[0131] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 Using the first plane P1 and the second plane P2 that have been constructed as spatial references, find the intersecting line formed by the two planes in three-dimensional space, mark the intersecting line and configure it as the target line. The target line is the common line of the first plane P1 and the second plane P2, and the partial release position must fall on the target line.

[0132] Using the target straight line and the constructed third plane P3 as spatial references, the unique intersection point formed by the target straight line and the third plane in three-dimensional space is further determined. This intersection point is then calibrated and configured as target point M. The three-dimensional spatial coordinates corresponding to target point M are extracted, and the spatial position of target point M is directly configured as the partial discharge position determined in this detection, thus completing the precise locking of the partial discharge position.

[0133] S200. Obtain gas detection data at the partial discharge location, wherein the gas detection data indicates the gas type and the content of each gas.

[0134] Specifically, based on the determined location of the partial discharge, the corresponding physical area, gas chamber affiliation, and spatial coordinate information of the GIS digital twin model are matched, and the precise spatial coordinates of the partial discharge location are sent to the UAV aerial detection model to complete the location benchmark calibration for gas detection.

[0135] Simultaneously initiate dual-path gas sampling operations. First, trigger the gas sampling device deployed on the GIS body to conduct fixed-point gas sampling at the GIS gas chamber where the partial discharge location is located, and collect mixed gas samples related to the partial discharge within the gas chamber. Second, control the UAV equipped with gas detection sensors to fly to the aerial space location corresponding to the partial discharge location, hover at a preset height, and conduct real-time gas sampling around the partial discharge location through airborne gas detection sensors, realizing complementary verification between the body sampling and aerial sampling.

[0136] The collected gas samples underwent sequential gas component separation, feature identification, and content detection. First, gas chromatography and infrared spectroscopy were used to accurately identify all gas types in the samples, filtering out characteristic gas types specific to partial emissions from GIS equipment, while removing environmentally interfering gases, thus creating a list of gas types associated with partial emissions. For each identified gas associated with partial emissions, the specific content of each individual gas in the mixed gas sample was quantified. Based on the content values ​​of each individual gas, the volume or mass percentage of each gas type in the mixed gas was calculated, completing a precise statistical analysis of the proportion of each gas type.

[0137] S300. Determine the defect type of the partial discharge location based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal.

[0138] Specifically, based on the acquired partial discharge location gas detection data and the partial discharge signals collected by the first and second sensors, the two types of data are used as the basis for judgment, combined with the discharge characteristics of DC GIS partial discharge and... By analyzing the component correlation characteristics of the decomposed gas, and through feature extraction, threshold matching, cross-validation, and result determination, the discharge type and defect type corresponding to the partial discharge location are determined.

[0139] In some optional embodiments, determining the defect type at the partial discharge location based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal includes:

[0140] S310. When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the first frequency range, the pulse amplitude is less than the first preset threshold, the pulse amplitude shows an inverse exponential curve trend, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is less than the first picocoulomb value, and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows an inverse exponential curve trend, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as air gap discharge.

[0141] Specifically, the core features characterizing the discharge attributes in the partial discharge signal are extracted, and the pulse spectrum, pulse amplitude, pulse amplitude variation trend, discharge amplitude, and discharge amplitude probability density variation trend are verified sequentially to see if they meet the characteristic requirements of air gap discharge. When the pulse spectrum of the partial discharge signal is in the first frequency range (300-800MHz), and the pulse amplitude of the partial discharge signal is less than the first preset threshold, and the pulse amplitude generally shows an inverse exponential curve variation trend (small amplitude dominates, concentrated below the mean, and exhibits a left-skewed distribution; the pulse amplitude decreases after charge accumulation, and may even temporarily extinguish), and at the same time, the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is less than the first picocoulomb value (180 picocoulombs), and the probability density of the discharge amplitude also shows an inverse exponential curve variation trend (the probability density of the discharge amplitude between 0-180 picocoulombs shows an inverse exponential curve variation trend), the discharge type at this partial discharge location is determined to be air gap discharge.

[0142] S311. When the discharge type is air gap discharge, acquire the gas detection data:

[0143] S312, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is within the first range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is less than the first threshold for sulfuryl fluoride content. and If the content ratio is less than the first preset ratio and the gas production rate is within the first rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a manufacturing process defect.

[0144] Specifically, if the gas detection data contains thionyl fluoride... The content is within the preset first thionyl fluoride content range (8-15%). ), sulfuryl fluoride The content is less than the preset first threshold for sulfuryl fluoride content (3 ),carbon dioxide With carbon tetrafluoride The content ratio is less than the preset first preset ratio (0.1). Furthermore, the gas generation rate at the partial discharge location is within a preset first rate range (0.2-0.4). When all of the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a manufacturing process defect.

[0145] S313, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content gradually increases over time. When the content of sulfur dioxide is within the first sulfur dioxide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases over time, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging.

[0146] Specifically, if the gas detection data contains thionyl fluoride... The content of [something] showed a gradual increasing trend over time (from 5...). By 20 sulfur dioxide The content of sulfur dioxide is within the preset first sulfur dioxide content range (0.1-0.2%). Furthermore, the gas production rate at this partial discharge location also showed a gradual increasing trend over time (from 0.1...). Up to 0.2 When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging.

[0147] S314, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the second range of thionyl fluoride content. When the content of sulfuryl fluoride is within the first sulfuryl fluoride content range and the gas production rate is within the second rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as assembly error.

[0148] Specifically, if the gas detection data contains thionyl fluoride... The content is within the preset second thionyl fluoride content range (5-12). ), sulfuryl fluoride The content is within the preset first sulfuryl fluoride content range (1-3). Furthermore, the gas generation rate at the partial discharge location is within the preset second rate range (0.1-0.3). When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as assembly error.

[0149] S315, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content of sulfite fluoride is within the third range and is positively correlated with ambient humidity. If the content of sulfur dioxide is less than the first sulfur dioxide content threshold, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a humid environment.

[0150] Specifically, if the gas detection data contains thionyl fluoride... The content is within the preset third thionyl fluoride content range (10-20). ), and thionyl fluoride The content of sulfur dioxide showed a positive correlation with environmental humidity. The content is less than the preset first sulfur dioxide content threshold (0.5). When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a humid environment.

[0151] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0152] S316. When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the second frequency range, the pulse amplitude is in the first preset amplitude range and gradually increases and tends to stabilize over time, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 200-600 picocoulombs and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows a normal curve trend, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as surface discharge.

[0153] Specifically, the pulse spectrum parameters of the partial discharge signal are extracted to confirm whether the pulse spectrum represented by the partial discharge signal accurately falls within the preset second frequency range (500MHz–2GHz). The pulse amplitude and timing characteristics of the partial discharge signal are verified: the pulse amplitude parameters of the partial discharge signal are extracted to confirm that the pulse amplitude of the partial discharge signal is within the preset first preset amplitude range; simultaneously, the dynamic trend of the pulse amplitude over time is tracked to confirm that the pulse amplitude generally exhibits a continuous and gradual increase, and remains stable without significant fluctuations after reaching a specific value, meeting the timing requirements of surface discharge in the pulse amplitude dimension.

[0154] Verify the discharge amplitude characteristics of the partial discharge signal: Extract the specific values ​​of the discharge amplitude characterized by the quantization of the partial discharge signal, confirm that the discharge amplitude of the partial discharge signal is precisely within the range of 200 to 600 picocoulombs, and match the discharge amplitude characteristic threshold of surface discharge.

[0155] Verification of the probability density variation characteristics of the discharge amplitude of the partial discharge signal: Probability density statistical analysis of the discharge amplitude data was carried out to confirm that the probability density of the discharge amplitude represented by the partial discharge signal showed an overall trend of normal curve variation, which is consistent with the statistical characteristics of the surface discharge amplitude distribution.

[0156] If all the characteristic conditions of the pulse spectrum, pulse amplitude and its trend, discharge amplitude, and discharge amplitude probability density trend have been verified and fully match the surface discharge judgment criteria, the discharge type corresponding to the partial discharge location will be configured as surface discharge.

[0157] S317. When the discharge type is surface discharge, acquire the gas detection data:

[0158] S318, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the fourth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is within the second sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is within the second range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is within the range of the first tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the first carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate is in the third rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as an insulation process defect.

[0159] Specifically, if the gas detection data contains thionyl fluoride... The content is within the preset fourth thionyl fluoride content range (15-25%). ), sulfuryl fluoride The content is less than the preset range of second sulfuryl fluoride content (4-8). sulfur dioxide The content is in the second sulfur dioxide content range (1-3). ), The content is within the first tetrafluoride content range (1-4). ), The content is in the first carbon dioxide content range (2-6). Furthermore, the gas production rate falls within the third rate range (0.8-1.5). When all of the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as an insulation process defect.

[0160] S319, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the fifth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the third sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is in the third range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is within the range of the second tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the second carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging.

[0161] Specifically, if the gas detection data, The content is in the fifth thionyl fluoride content range (20-40). ), The content is in the third sulfuryl fluoride content range (6-12). ), The content is in the third sulfur dioxide content range (2-5). ), The content is within the range of 3-8% of the second tetrafluoride content. ), The content is in the second carbon dioxide content range (4-10). ), and the gas production rate gradually increases (from 1.0). Up to 3.0 When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging.

[0162] S320, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the sixth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the fourth sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is in the fourth range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is in the third tetrafluoride content range. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the third carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate is in the fourth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation installation error.

[0163] Specifically, if the gas detection data, The content is in the sixth thionyl fluoride content range (10-20). ), The content is in the fourth sulfuryl fluoride content range (3-6). ), The content is in the fourth sulfur dioxide content range (1-2). ), The content is in the third tetrafluoride content range (1-3). ), The content is in the third carbon dioxide content range (1-4). ), and the gas production rate is in the fourth rate range (from 0.5). Up to 1.0 In the case of partial discharge, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as insulation installation error.

[0164] S321, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the seventh range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the fifth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content of sulfur dioxide is in the fifth range and is positively correlated with temperature and humidity. The content is in the fourth range of carbon tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the fourth carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate varies with temperature and humidity, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation contamination or damage.

[0165] Specifically, if the gas detection data, The content is in the seventh thionyl fluoride content range (12-28). ), The content is in the fifth sulfuryl fluoride content range (4-9). ), The content is within the fifth sulfur dioxide content range (1.5-4). And it is positively correlated with temperature and humidity. The content is in the fourth range of carbon tetrafluoride content (2-5). ), The content is in the fourth carbon dioxide content range (2-7). Furthermore, when the gas generation rate varies with temperature and humidity, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as insulation contamination or damage.

[0166] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes:

[0167] S322. When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the third frequency range, the pulse repetition rate is less than the preset repetition rate, the pulse amplitude is discontinuous and intermittently distributed, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 20-70 picocoulombs and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows pulse variation, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal tip discharge.

[0168] Specifically, when the pulse spectrum of the partial discharge signal is in the third frequency range (1-2MHz), and the pulse repetition rate is less than the preset repetition rate (10 times / second), the pulse amplitude is discontinuous and intermittent (the tip charge is easily neutralized by the applied electric field, and the discharge pulse appears, disappears, and reappears intermittently), and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 20-70 picocoulombs, and the probability density of the discharge amplitude also shows pulse changes (the probability density of the discharge amplitude between 25-50 picocoulombs shows pulse changes), the discharge type at the partial discharge location is determined to be metal tip discharge.

[0169] S323. In the case where the discharge type is metal tip discharge, acquire the gas detection data:

[0170] S324, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the eighth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is within the range of the sixth thiosulfate fluoride content. The content is in the sixth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the second preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the first hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the fifth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a metal processing defect.

[0171] Specifically, if the gas detection data contains thionyl fluoride... The content is within the preset eighth thionyl fluoride content range (30-50%). ), sulfuryl fluoride The content is in the sixth sulfuryl fluoride content range (10-18). sulfur dioxide The content is in the sixth sulfur dioxide content range (4-9). ), and The content ratio is less than the second preset ratio (0.5). The content is within the first hydrogen sulfide content range (0.8-2.5). Furthermore, the gas production rate falls within the fifth rate range (3.0-6.0). When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as a metal part machining defect.

[0172] S325, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the ninth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the seventh thiosulfate fluoride content range. The content is within the seventh range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the third preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the second hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the sixth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal part installation damage.

[0173] Specifically, if the gas detection data, The content is in the ninth range of thionyl fluoride content (25-40). ), The content is in the seventh thiosulfate fluoride content range (8-14). ), The content is in the seventh range of sulfur dioxide content (3-7). ), and The content ratio is less than the third preset ratio (0.8). The content falls within the second hydrogen sulfide content range (0.5-1.8). Furthermore, the gas production rate falls within the sixth rate range (2.5-4.5). When all of the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as metal component installation damage.

[0174] S326, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the tenth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the eighth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is in the eighth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the fourth preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the third hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal corrosion aging.

[0175] Specifically, if the gas detection data, The content is in the tenth range of thionyl fluoride content (35-60). ), The content is in the eighth range of sulfuryl fluoride content (12-20). ), The content is in the eighth range of sulfur dioxide content (6-12). ), and The content ratio is less than the fourth preset ratio (0.5). The content falls within the third hydrogen sulfide content range (1.2-3.0). ), and the gas production rate gradually increases (3.0-8.0). When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as metal corrosion aging.

[0176] S327, in the characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the eleventh range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the ninth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is in the ninth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the fifth preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the fourth hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the seventh rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal debris.

[0177] Specifically, if the gas detection data, The content is in the eleventh thionyl fluoride content range (28-45%). ), The content falls within the ninth range of sulfuryl fluoride content (9-16). ), The content is in the ninth range of sulfur dioxide content (4-8). ), and The content ratio is less than the fifth preset ratio (0.6). The content falls within the fourth hydrogen sulfide content range (0.7-2.2). Furthermore, the gas production rate falls within the seventh rate range (2.5-7.0). When all the above gas characteristic conditions are met, the defect type at the partial discharge location is configured as metal debris.

[0178] In some optional embodiments, corresponding intelligent decision-making information is generated based on the defect type and defect location.

[0179] Specifically, based on the determined partial discharge location information and defect type information, and according to the intelligent decision analysis engine built into the power grid management system, it integrates GIS equipment lifecycle data, power grid operating condition data, operation and maintenance resource data, and a preset defect handling rule library to complete multi-dimensional data linkage analysis, intelligent matching of handling solutions, quantitative assessment of risk levels, and precise generation of operation and maintenance strategies. The final output is complete intelligent decision information including risk warning, tiered handling, precise operation and maintenance, and prevention and control optimization. This decision information can directly guide on-site operation and maintenance work and support power grid dispatch and control. The specific execution process is as follows:

[0180] The system automatically integrates the data obtained from this inspection, including the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the partial discharge location, the specific interval / chamber / component information of the GIS equipment, the specific type of defect and corresponding characteristic parameters, and simultaneously retrieves the factory parameters, years of operation, historical operation and maintenance records, defect cases of the same model of equipment, as well as the current operating load, voltage level, ambient temperature and humidity of the power grid, etc., forming a full-dimensional data covering defects, equipment, power grid and environment.

[0181] Based on defect type and location as the core criteria, and combined with a pre-set risk assessment model, the system conducts multi-dimensional risk classification of defects: First, it classifies the inherent risk level based on defect type, with metal tip discharge and surface discharge having a higher risk level than air gap discharge and floating potential discharge; second, it classifies the equipment importance risk weight based on defect location, with defects located in core components such as busbars and circuit breakers having a higher risk weight than those in auxiliary components such as transformers and surge arresters; third, it classifies the development risk level based on defect characteristic parameters (discharge amplitude, gas generation rate, and gas content percentage), with the higher the development risk level as the more characteristic parameters exceed the threshold and the more drastic the change trend. The system integrates these three indicators to classify defect risk levels into four levels: critical, severe, moderate, and minor, simultaneously clarifying the decision-making and handling priorities for each defect, with critical level defects receiving priority in generating decision information and triggering alarms.

[0182] The system has a built-in standardized rule library covering various GIS defects. This library pre-stores handling procedures, methods, technical requirements, and acceptance standards for different defect types, risk levels, and locations. Based on the identified defect type and location, the system accurately matches the corresponding handling plan from the rule library: for inherent defects such as equipment manufacturing process defects and assembly errors, it generates a full-process handling plan including disassembly and repair, component replacement, process rectification, and re-inspection and acceptance; for developing defects such as insulation aging and environmental humidity, it generates a tiered handling plan including status tracking, special testing, targeted remediation, and operation and maintenance optimization; for minor defects, it generates a conservative handling plan including shortening inspection cycles, real-time monitoring, and operating condition adjustments. All handling plans clearly define specific work content, work processes, technical parameter thresholds, and completion deadlines, ensuring feasibility.

[0183] The system integrates with the power grid dispatch management module and the operation and maintenance resource management module to dynamically optimize the initially generated handling plan, forming intelligent operation and maintenance dispatch information adapted to the actual situation on site: First, based on the current power grid operating load and power supply reliability requirements, the system determines the operation window for defect handling, prioritizing power outage operations during power grid off-peak hours and maintenance windows to avoid affecting the normal power supply of the power grid; Second, based on the allocation of operation and maintenance personnel, the reserve of maintenance equipment, and on-site operating conditions, the system rationally allocates operation and maintenance teams and deploys testing and maintenance tools, clarifying the allocation list and arrival time of operators, tools, and materials; Third, for critical defects that cannot be handled by immediate power outage, the system generates temporary prevention and control strategies, including reducing equipment load, adding real-time monitoring devices, and increasing the frequency of inspections, to avoid power grid failures caused by sudden deterioration of defects.

[0184] Based on the analysis of defect type, location, and cause, the system further delves into the root causes of defects, generating prevention and optimization suggestions for the entire equipment lifecycle: For manufacturing process defects and assembly error defects, it generates process optimization suggestions for equipment procurement and acceptance, factory testing, and on-site installation, guiding subsequent equipment selection and construction management; for insulation aging defects, it generates optimization suggestions for equipment condition assessment, aging early warning, and life extension management, improving the health management of the equipment throughout its lifecycle; for defects caused by humid environments and dirt accumulation, it generates optimization suggestions for equipment protection, environmental modification, and operation and maintenance inspections, enhancing the equipment's resistance to environmental interference. Simultaneously, the system records the defect information, handling plan, and prevention and control suggestions into the GIS equipment archive, forming a closed loop for full-cycle defect management, providing data reference for the early warning and handling of similar defects in the future.

[0185] By integrating the aforementioned risk levels, handling plans, operation and maintenance scheduling, and prevention and control optimization, a unified and standardized intelligent decision-making information is generated. This information includes basic defect information, risk level, handling priority, specific handling plan, operation and maintenance scheduling arrangements, and prevention and control optimization. Simultaneously, according to preset push rules, the intelligent decision-making information is pushed to the terminal equipment of the power grid dispatch center, operation and maintenance management department, and field work teams. Critical defects trigger audible and visual alarms and SMS alarms simultaneously, ensuring timely delivery of decision-making information. Furthermore, the intelligent decision-making information will also be simultaneously updated to the GIS digital twin model, visually annotating the defect location, risk level, and handling status within the model, achieving linked management of defect decisions and the digital twin model.

[0186] The beneficial effects of implementing the embodiments of the present invention include: When a partial discharge signal is detected by a first sensor on a digital twin model of a power grid management system, the present invention detects the location of the partial discharge based on the first sensor and a second sensor on the aerial detection model, where both the first and second sensors characterize the partial discharge sensor; gas detection data at the partial discharge location is acquired, indicating the gas type and content of each gas; and the defect type at the partial discharge location is determined based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal. By coordinating the partial discharge sensors installed on the GIS and those on UAVs to locate the partial discharge location, the invention can adapt to various locations of DC partial discharge within the GIS, minimizing the number of partial discharge sensors required on the GIS and reducing installation and detection costs. Furthermore, the gas detection data and partial discharge signal at the partial discharge location enable rapid diagnosis of the defect type at the DC partial discharge location, facilitating quick processing by personnel. This results in high efficiency and low cost for GIS defect diagnosis, making DC partial discharge location and defect diagnosis in GIS fast and convenient.

[0187] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a controller 1000 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The components of the controller 1000 include, but are not limited to, a memory 1200 and a processor 1100. The processor 1100 is connected to the memory 1200 via a bus, and the memory 1200 is used to store data.

[0188] The controller 1000 also includes an access device that enables the controller 1000 to communicate via one or more networks. Examples of such networks include a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device may include one or more of any type of wired or wireless network interface (e.g., a Network Interface Card (NIC)), such as an IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) wireless interface, a Global System for Microwave Access (GSM) interface, or a Wi-Fi interface. MAX interface, Ethernet interface, Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, Cellular network interface, Bluetooth interface, Near Field Communication (NFC) interface, etc.

[0189] The controller 1000 can be any type of stationary or mobile electronic device, including mobile computers or mobile electronic devices (e.g., tablet computers, personal digital assistants, laptop computers, notebook computers, netbooks, etc.), mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), wearable electronic devices (e.g., smartwatches, smart glasses, etc.) or other types of mobile devices, or stationary electronic devices such as desktop computers or PCs. The controller 1000 can also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0190] The processor 1100 is used to execute computer-executable instructions for the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method.

[0191] The above is a schematic diagram of a computing device according to this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical solution of this computing device and the technical solution of the above-described GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method belong to the same concept. For details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computing device, please refer to the description of the technical solution of the above-described GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method.

[0192] According to an embodiment of this application, a power grid management system is also provided. This power grid management system is equipped with a controller 1000, or the power grid management system and the controller 1000 are connected via communication, enabling the power grid management system to locate partial discharge sources through the controller 1000. It should be noted that the technical solution of this computing device belongs to the same concept as the technical solution of the aforementioned GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method. Details not described in detail in the technical solution of the computing device can be found in the description of the technical solution of the aforementioned GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method.

[0193] This application embodiment also provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-described GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method.

[0194] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0195] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps and systems in the methods disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components can be implemented as processors, such as central processing units, digital signal processors, or microprocessors executing software, or as hardware, or as integrated circuits, such as application-specific integrated circuits. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically include computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0196] The above provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of this application. However, this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing and locating defects in GIS DC partial discharge, characterized in that, The method is applied to a power grid management system, which includes a digital twin model of a GIS and an aerial detection model corresponding to a drone. Both the GIS and the drone are equipped with multiple different types of partial discharge sensors. When a partial discharge (PD) signal is detected by a first sensor on the digital twin model, the PD location is detected based on the first sensor and a second sensor on the airborne detection model, where both the first and second sensors characterize the PD sensor. The detection of the PD location based on the first sensor and the second sensor on the airborne detection model includes: when at least two first sensors on the digital twin model receive the PD signal at equal first reception times, constructing a first plane in a first direction, the first plane being perpendicular to the connecting line between the at least two first sensors, and the first perpendicular bisector of the connecting line being located in the first plane; when no at least two first sensors on the digital twin model receive the PD signal at equal first reception times, constructing the first plane between the second sensor and the first sensor; constructing a second plane in a second direction; constructing a third plane in a third direction, where the first, second, and third directions are mutually perpendicular, and both the second and third planes are constructed using the second sensor and / or the first sensor located in relative positions; and determining the PD location based on the first, second, and third planes. Acquire gas detection data at the partial discharge location, wherein the gas detection data indicates the gas type and the content of each gas; The defect type at the location of the partial discharge is determined based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal.

2. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Constructing the first plane between the second sensor and the first sensor includes: Control the drone to move along the first direction and obtain the drone's real-time position; Obtain the second reception time of the partial discharge signal received by the second sensor at the real-time location; When the second receiving time is equal to the first receiving time, the real-time location is configured as the second target location; The first target position of the first sensor is obtained when the time for receiving the partial discharge signal is equal to the first reception time. The first plane is constructed on the second perpendicular line of the straight line connecting the first target position and the second target position.

3. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The construction of the second plane in the second direction includes: If there are two first sensors on the first or second vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, the two first sensors with the same receiving time shall be configured as the first target sensor. Construct the second plane on the third perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two first target sensors; If there are no two first sensors on the first or second vertical line that receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, and there is at least one first sensor, then any one of the first sensors located on the first or second vertical line shall be configured as the second target sensor. The UAV is moved along the first or second vertical line, and the position corresponding to the moment when the reception time of the second sensor on the UAV is equal to the reception time of the second target sensor is configured as the third target position, where the second target sensor is not located at the third target position. The second plane is constructed on the fourth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the third target position and the second target sensor; If the first sensor is not present on the first or second vertical line, the UAV is moved along the first or second vertical line, and two relative positions with equal reception times of the second sensor are configured as the fourth target position. The second plane is constructed on the fifth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two fourth target locations.

4. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The construction of the third plane in the direction of the third party includes: If two first sensors on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line receive the partial discharge signal at the same time, the two first sensors with the same receiving time are configured as the third target sensor. The third plane is constructed on the sixth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two third target sensors; If there are no two first sensors receiving the partial discharge signal at the same time on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and there is at least one first sensor, then any first sensor located on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line shall be configured as the fourth target sensor. The UAV is moved along the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, and the position corresponding to the moment when the reception time of the second sensor on the UAV is equal to the reception time of the fourth target sensor is configured as the fifth target position, wherein the fourth target sensor is not located at the fifth target position. The third plane is constructed on the seventh perpendicular line of the connecting line between the fifth target location and the fourth target sensor; If the first sensor is not present on the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line, the UAV is moved along the third, fourth, or fifth vertical line to configure two relative positions with equal reception times of the second sensor as the sixth target position. The third plane is constructed on the eighth perpendicular line of the connecting line between the two sixth target locations.

5. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the partial discharge location based on the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane includes: Configure the intersecting line between the first plane and the second plane as the target line; The intersection of the target line and the third plane is designated as the target point; Configure the spatial location of the target point as the partial discharge location.

6. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the defect type of the partial discharge location based on the gas detection data and the partial discharge signal includes: When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is within a first frequency range, the pulse amplitude is less than a first preset threshold, the pulse amplitude shows an inverse exponential curve trend, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is less than a first picocoulomb value, and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows an inverse exponential curve trend, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as air gap discharge. When the discharge type is air gap discharge, the gas detection data is acquired: Characterization of the gas detection data The content is within the first range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is less than the first threshold for sulfuryl fluoride content. and If the content ratio is less than the first preset ratio and the gas production rate is within the first rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a manufacturing process defect. Characterization of the gas detection data The content gradually increases over time. When the content of sulfur dioxide is within the first sulfur dioxide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases over time, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the second range of thionyl fluoride content. When the content of sulfuryl fluoride is within the first sulfuryl fluoride content range and the gas production rate is within the second rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as assembly error. Characterization of the gas detection data The content of sulfite fluoride is within the third range and is positively correlated with ambient humidity. If the content of sulfur dioxide is less than the first sulfur dioxide content threshold, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a humid environment.

7. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the second frequency range, the pulse amplitude is in the first preset amplitude range and gradually increases and tends to stabilize over time, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 200-600 picocoulombs and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows a normal curve trend, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as surface discharge. When the discharge type is surface discharge, the gas detection data is acquired: Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the fourth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is within the range of the second sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is within the second range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is within the range of the first tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the first carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate is in the third rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as an insulation process defect. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the fifth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the third sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is in the third range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is within the range of the second tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the second carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation aging. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the sixth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the fourth sulfuryl fluoride content range. The content is in the fourth range of sulfur dioxide content. The content is in the third tetrafluoride content range. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the third carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate is in the fourth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation installation error. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the seventh range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the fifth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content of sulfur dioxide is in the fifth range and is positively correlated with temperature and humidity. The content is in the fourth range of carbon tetrafluoride content. When the content of carbon dioxide is in the fourth carbon dioxide content range and the gas production rate varies with temperature and humidity, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as insulation contamination or damage.

8. The GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the pulse spectrum characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the third frequency range, the pulse repetition rate is less than the preset repetition rate, the pulse amplitude is discontinuous and intermittently distributed, and the discharge amplitude characterized by the partial discharge signal is in the range of 20-70 picocoulombs and the probability density of the discharge amplitude shows pulse variation, the discharge type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal tip discharge. In the case where the discharge type is metal tip discharge, the gas detection data is acquired: Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the eighth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is within the range of the sixth thiosulfate fluoride content. The content is in the sixth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the second preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the first hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the fifth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as a metal processing defect. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the ninth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the seventh thiosulfate fluoride content range. The content is within the seventh range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the third preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the second hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the sixth rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal part installation damage. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the tenth range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the eighth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is in the eighth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the fourth preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the third hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate gradually increases, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal corrosion aging. Characterization of the gas detection data The content is in the eleventh range of thionyl fluoride content. The content is in the ninth range of sulfuryl fluoride content. The content is in the ninth range of sulfur dioxide content. and The content ratio is less than the fifth preset ratio. When the content of hydrogen sulfide is in the fourth hydrogen sulfide content range and the gas production rate is in the seventh rate range, the defect type of the partial discharge location is configured as metal debris.

9. A GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to execute the GIS DC partial discharge location defect diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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