Low-carbon comprehensive energy management system and method suitable for polar region drilling ship
By introducing cryogenic fuel cells, waste heat recovery, and integrated thermal management systems into polar drilling vessels, combined with intelligent scheduling and control, the problems of high energy consumption and severe carbon emissions of polar drilling vessels have been solved, achieving low-carbon energy management and efficient energy utilization.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511895892.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies lack a systematic integration of various low-carbon energy sources and the ability to schedule and manage them for the special working conditions in polar regions, resulting in high energy consumption, severe carbon emissions, and low energy utilization efficiency for polar drilling vessels.
It employs a low-temperature fuel cell subsystem, a waste heat recovery power generation system, a low-temperature adaptable battery subsystem, and a diesel generator set subsystem, combined with an integrated thermal management network and an intelligent dispatch control layer, to achieve diversified energy supply and precise heat distribution.
Significantly reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, enhance ship endurance and environmental adaptability, and ensure continuous power supply for critical loads.
Smart Images
Figure CN121660266A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy management technology for ships and marine engineering, and in particular relates to a low-carbon integrated energy management system and method suitable for polar drilling vessels. Background Technology
[0002] With the exploration and development of Arctic oil and gas resources, the demand for polar drilling vessels is increasing. The harsh polar environment places extremely demanding requirements on the energy systems of drilling vessels. High energy consumption: The low temperatures in the polar regions require a large amount of thermal energy for the hull, drilling equipment and living quarters, while icebreaking navigation and dynamic positioning (DP) require huge amounts of electrical energy. The total energy consumption far exceeds that of ships operating in conventional sea areas.
[0003] Strict environmental regulations: The polar regions are ecologically sensitive areas, and organizations such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) impose strict restrictions on emissions (such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, black carbon, etc.) from ships sailing in the polar regions.
[0004] Single energy source: Traditional drilling ships mainly rely on onboard diesel generator sets, which have low energy utilization efficiency and high carbon emissions. Although battery storage has been tried, its performance degrades severely in low-temperature environments and cannot meet the energy needs of long-term, high-power operations.
[0005] Serious energy waste: Diesel generators and drilling equipment generate a lot of waste heat, which is usually discharged directly into the sea in conventional systems and is not effectively recovered and utilized.
[0006] Currently, there is a lack of solutions that can systematically integrate multiple low-carbon energy sources and manage their scheduling for the unique conditions of polar regions. Therefore, the development of an efficient, reliable, and low-carbon energy management system for polar drilling vessels is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention
[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a low-carbon integrated energy management system and method suitable for polar drilling vessels, thereby solving the problems raised in the background art.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a low-carbon integrated energy management system suitable for polar drilling vessels, comprising a diversified energy supply layer, an integrated thermal management network layer, and an intelligent scheduling and control layer. The diversified energy supply layer includes a low-temperature fuel cell subsystem, a waste heat recovery power generation system, a low-temperature adaptable battery subsystem, and a diesel generator set subsystem. The integrated thermal management network layer includes a high-temperature heating network loop, a medium-temperature heating network loop, a low-temperature heating network loop, and a control unit; The intelligent scheduling and control layer executes scheduling strategies based on an optimized scheduling model, and performs unified coordination, management and optimization of the diversified energy supply layer and the integrated thermal management network layer. The optimized scheduling model includes an objective function and operating constraints, and the operating constraints include power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints and equipment operation constraints.
[0009] Preferably, the cryogenic fuel cell subsystem includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel supply unit, an air supply system, a thermal management system, and a DC / AC converter; The power output terminal of the fuel cell stack is connected to the ship's main power grid via the DC / AC converter; the fuel supply unit, the air supply system, and the thermal management system are all connected to the fuel cell stack; the fuel cell stack is connected to the DC / AC converter; the thermal management system is connected to the integrated thermal management network layer via a high-temperature coolant circuit; The fuel cell stack is encapsulated in a chamber with active insulation material; the high-temperature coolant outlet temperature of the thermal management system is maintained at 70°C-85°C. The fuel supply unit consists of a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a reformer or a methanol storage tank and a reformer.
[0010] Preferably, the waste heat recovery power generation system includes a waste gas / waste liquid heat exchanger, an organic Rankine cycle generator, and a working fluid pump; The heat source inlet of the exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the exhaust system of the diesel generator, the cooling circuit of the cryogenic fuel cell subsystem, and the main engine cooling circuit of the drilling system via pipelines; the cold source side of the exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle generator; the power output terminal of the organic Rankine cycle generator is connected to the ship's main power grid.
[0011] Preferably, the low-temperature adaptable battery subsystem includes a battery module, a battery management system, a bidirectional converter, and an integrated temperature control unit; The battery module is connected to the ship's main power grid via a bidirectional converter, and the battery module is connected to the bidirectional converter; the battery management system and the integrated temperature control unit are both connected to the battery module; The integrated temperature control unit includes an electric heating film and a liquid cooling plate. The electric heating film is disposed between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module. The liquid cooling plate has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and is connected to the distribution pipeline of the integrated thermal management network layer through pipelines. The battery management system is configured to: when the battery module temperature is detected to be below 0°C, prioritize instruct the integrated thermal management network layer to provide heat to preheat the battery; when there is no external heat source, activate the electric heating film to heat the battery, ensuring that the battery operates within the optimal temperature range.
[0012] Preferably, the diesel generator set subsystem includes a diesel engine, a synchronous generator, and an exhaust aftertreatment device; The diesel generator set subsystem serves as a backup and peak-shaving power source, and its power output terminal is connected to the ship's main power grid. The high-temperature exhaust and cylinder liner water circuit of the diesel generator set subsystem are connected to the heat source side inlet of the waste heat recovery generator system via valves.
[0013] Preferably, the high-temperature heating network circuit uses ethylene glycol aqueous solution as the heat transfer medium to collect high-grade heat generated by fuel cells and diesel generator sets, and supplies it preferentially to the drilling fluid insulation system and heavy oil tank heating system through pipelines and plate heat exchangers. The medium-temperature heating network loop uses ethylene glycol aqueous solution to collect heat from the intermediate links of the waste heat recovery system and medium-temperature coolant from some equipment. The heat from the medium-temperature heating network loop is supplied to the ship's living quarters heating system and domestic hot water system through fan coil units and heat exchangers. The low-temperature heating network circuit collects low-grade heat from the batteries and power electronic equipment, and uses it for deck de-icing and anti-slip purposes and equipment antifreeze and insulation through a radiant pipe network arranged under the deck, handrails and outdoor passages. The control unit is equipped with temperature sensors and electric regulating valves at key nodes of the high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature heating network circuits. It receives instructions from the intelligent scheduling and control layer and dynamically adjusts the flow rate and direction of each branch to achieve precise on-demand heat distribution.
[0014] Preferably, the objective function is as follows: in, Indicates the current moment. This indicates the number of steps in the prediction time domain. Represents the first term in the prediction time domain. Each time step This indicates the duration of each time step. Indicates in diesel prices at any given time Indicates in The output power of the diesel generator at any given time. This represents the carbon emission cost coefficient, which converts carbon emissions into economic costs. This represents a weighting coefficient for battery health, penalizing deviations from the ideal State of Charge (SOC) to extend battery life. Indicates in The state of charge of the battery at all times. This indicates the reference state of charge of the battery.
[0015] Preferably, the formula for the power balance constraint is as follows: in, Indicates in The total electrical load of the entire ship is predicted at any time. Indicates the output power of the fuel cell. Indicates the output power of the battery This indicates the power generation capacity of the waste heat recovery system. This represents the discarded power that is dissipated through the dissipation resistor; The formula for the thermal power balance constraint is as follows: in, Indicates in The ship's total heat load is predicted at all times. and These represent the usable heat generated by the fuel cell and the diesel engine, respectively. This indicates the waste heat generated during battery discharge. and These represent the charging power and releasing power of the thermal storage device, respectively.
[0016] Preferably, the equipment operating constraints include the operating constraints of the fuel cell, diesel generator, and battery; The calculation formula for the fuel cell operating constraints is as follows: in, This indicates the minimum output power of the fuel cell. This indicates the maximum output power of the fuel cell. express The output power of the fuel cell at all times; The calculation formula for the operating constraints of the diesel generator is as follows: in, This indicates the minimum output power of the diesel generator. This indicates the maximum output power of the diesel generator; The calculation formula for the battery operating constraints is as follows: in, and These represent the minimum and maximum permissible states of charge of the battery, respectively. and These represent the battery's charging power and discharging power, respectively. express The state of charge of the battery at all times. This indicates the rated capacity of the battery.
[0017] This invention also provides a low-carbon integrated energy management method suitable for polar drilling vessels, comprising the following steps: S1. Measure all current states at time t, where all current states include the battery's state of charge (SOC(t)) at the current time, and the current load. and current device status; S2. Based on ship operation plans, historical data, and weather forecasts, predict the electrical load sequence within the next N steps. and heat load sequence ; S3. The central controller constructs the objective function and all constraints into a constrained optimization problem with integer variables; then it solves the constrained optimization problem, and the result is the optimal sequence of all control variables in the next N steps. S4. Only the first control instruction in the optimized sequence is used, where the first control instruction is the instruction at time t. The first control command is then sent to the corresponding device for execution. S5. Advance the time by one step to t+1, and repeat steps S1-S4; based on the new actual measurement values, re-predict and optimize, forming a closed-loop feedback of monitoring-prediction-optimization-execution.
[0018] The technical effects of this invention are: through multi-energy complementarity and scheduling, it significantly reduces fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, and improves the ship's endurance and environmental adaptability. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a structural framework diagram of a low-carbon integrated energy management system suitable for polar drilling vessels, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a typical load power curve of a polar drilling vessel in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an energy management result diagram of a low-carbon integrated energy management method applicable to polar drilling vessels in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a battery state diagram for a low-carbon integrated energy management method applicable to polar drilling vessels, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0021] Example like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a low-carbon integrated energy management system suitable for polar drilling vessels, including a diversified energy supply layer, an integrated thermal management network layer, and an intelligent scheduling and control layer.
[0022] The diversified energy supply layer includes a cryogenic fuel cell subsystem, a waste heat recovery power generation system, a cryogenic adaptable battery subsystem, and a diesel generator set subsystem. This layer is responsible for providing the electrical and thermal energy required by the entire ship.
[0023] The cryogenic fuel cell subsystem includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel supply unit, an air supply system, a thermal management system, and a DC / AC converter. The power output of the fuel cell stack is connected to the ship's main electrical grid via the DC / AC converter. The fuel supply unit, air supply system, and thermal management system are all connected to the fuel cell stack, which in turn is connected to the DC / AC converter. The thermal management system is connected to the integrated thermal management network layer via a high-temperature coolant loop. The fuel cell stack is encapsulated in a compartment with active insulation material, and the high-temperature coolant outlet temperature of the thermal management system is maintained at 70°C–85°C. The fuel supply unit consists of a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a reformer, or a methanol storage tank and a reformer.
[0024] The waste heat recovery power generation system includes an exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger, an organic Rankine cycle generator, and a working fluid pump. The heat source inlet of the exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the exhaust system of the diesel generator, the cooling circuit of the cryogenic fuel cell subsystem, and the main engine cooling circuit of the drilling system via pipelines; the cold source side of the exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle generator; and the power output of the organic Rankine cycle generator is connected to the ship's main power grid.
[0025] The low-temperature adaptable battery subsystem includes battery modules, a battery management system, a bidirectional converter, and an integrated temperature control unit. The battery modules are connected to the ship's main electrical grid via the bidirectional converter. The battery management system and the integrated temperature control unit are both connected to the battery modules. The integrated temperature control unit includes an electric heating film and a liquid cooling plate. The electric heating film is positioned between the liquid cooling plate and the battery modules. The liquid cooling plate has an inlet and an outlet, and is connected to the distribution piping of the integrated thermal management network layer via pipelines.
[0026] The battery management system is configured to: when the battery module temperature is detected to be below 0°C, prioritize instructing the integrated thermal management network layer to provide heat to preheat the battery; when there is no external heat source, activate the electric heating film to heat the battery and ensure that the battery operates within the optimal temperature range.
[0027] The diesel generator set subsystem includes a diesel engine, a synchronous generator, and an exhaust aftertreatment device. Serving as a backup and peak-shaving power source, the diesel generator set subsystem's power output is connected to the ship's main power grid; its high-temperature exhaust and cylinder liner water circuits are connected to the heat source side inlet of the waste heat recovery generator system via valves.
[0028] The integrated thermal management network layer includes high-temperature thermal network loops, medium-temperature thermal network loops, low-temperature thermal network loops, and control units. This layer is a closed-loop, multi-loop, hierarchical heat distribution system.
[0029] High-temperature heating network loop: Ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used as the heat transfer medium. It mainly collects high-grade heat (>75°C) generated by fuel cells and diesel generator sets, and supplies it to the drilling fluid insulation system and heavy oil tank heating system through pipelines and plate heat exchangers.
[0030] Medium-temperature heating network loop: Using ethylene glycol aqueous solution, it mainly collects heat from the intermediate links of the waste heat recovery system and medium-temperature coolant from some equipment. The heat from the medium-temperature heating network loop is supplied to the ship's living quarters heating system and domestic hot water system through fan coil units and heat exchangers.
[0031] Low-temperature heating network circuit: mainly collects low-grade heat (25°C-45°C) from batteries and power electronic equipment, and uses it for deck de-icing and anti-slip purposes and equipment antifreeze and insulation through a radiant pipe network arranged under the deck, handrails and outdoor passages.
[0032] Control unit: Temperature sensors and electric regulating valves are installed at key nodes of each circuit (high temperature heating network circuit, medium temperature heating network circuit and low temperature heating network circuit) to receive instructions from the intelligent scheduling and control layer, dynamically adjust the flow rate and direction of each branch, and realize precise on-demand distribution of heat.
[0033] The intelligent scheduling and control layer executes scheduling strategies based on an optimized scheduling model, thereby enabling unified coordination, management, and optimization of the diversified energy supply layer and the integrated thermal management network layer. The optimized scheduling model includes an objective function and operational constraints.
[0034] The objective function is as follows: in, Indicates the current moment. This indicates the number of steps in the prediction time domain. Represents the first term in the prediction time domain. Each time step Indicates the duration of each time step (e.g., 15 minutes). Indicates in The current diesel price (RMB / kWh). Indicates in The output power (kW) of the diesel generator at any given time. This represents the carbon emission cost coefficient, which converts carbon emissions into economic costs. This represents a weighting coefficient for battery health, penalizing deviations from the ideal SOC (such as 50%) to extend battery life. Indicates in The state of charge of the battery at all times. This indicates the reference state of charge of the battery (usually set to 50%).
[0035] The objective function means that while pursuing the lowest total operating cost (fuel cost + carbon tax), the system should also take into account the long-term health of the battery and rely on its own clean energy as much as possible.
[0036] Operational constraints include power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, and equipment operation constraints.
[0037] The formula for the power balance constraint (the most crucial constraint) is as follows: in, Indicates in The total electrical load of the entire ship is predicted at any time. Indicates the output power of the fuel cell. This indicates the output power of the battery (positive indicates discharging, negative indicates charging). This indicates the power generation capacity of the waste heat recovery system. This represents the wasted power dissipated through the dissipation resistor.
[0038] The formula for the thermal power balance constraint is as follows: in, Indicates in The ship's total heat load (drilling fluid insulation, heating, de-icing, etc.) is predicted in real time. and These represent the usable heat generated by the fuel cell and the diesel engine, respectively. This indicates the waste heat generated during battery discharge (which can be used in low-temperature heating networks). and These represent the charging power and releasing power of the thermal storage device, respectively.
[0039] Equipment operating constraints include those for fuel cells, diesel generators, and batteries.
[0040] The formula for calculating the operating constraints of a fuel cell is as follows: in, This indicates the minimum output power of the fuel cell. This indicates the maximum output power of the fuel cell. express The output power of the fuel cell at any given time.
[0041] The calculation formula for the operating constraints of a diesel generator is as follows: in, This indicates the minimum output power of the diesel generator. This indicates the maximum output power of the diesel generator.
[0042] The formula for calculating the battery operating constraints is as follows: in, and These represent the minimum and maximum permissible states of charge of the battery, respectively. and These represent the battery's charging power and discharging power, respectively. express The state of charge of the battery at all times. This indicates the rated capacity of the battery (kWh).
[0043] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the present invention also provides a low-carbon integrated energy management method suitable for polar drilling vessels, comprising the following steps: S1. Real-time measurement: Measure all current states at time t, including the battery's state of charge (SOC(t)) and the current load. And the current device status, etc.
[0044] S2. Load Forecasting: Based on ship operation plans, historical data, and weather forecasts, predict the electrical load sequence within the next N steps. and heat load sequence .
[0045] S3. Solving the optimization problem: The central controller constructs a constrained optimization problem with integer variables by combining the objective function and all constraints (since the start-stop of the diesel engine is a 0-1 decision); then it solves the problem, and the result is the optimal sequence of all control variables within the next N steps.
[0046] S4. Apply control instructions: Only the first control instruction in the optimized sequence is used, i.e., the instruction at time t. And then distribute it to the corresponding equipment for execution.
[0047] S5. Rolling Forward: Advance the time by one step to t+1, and repeat steps S1-S4. Based on the new actual measurement values, re-predict and optimize, thus forming a closed-loop feedback of "monitoring-prediction-optimization-execution", enabling the method to dynamically adapt to changes in actual conditions and prediction errors.
[0048] Based on this energy management system and method, the results were validated in a simulation environment: A ship electric power system model including nuclear power units, diesel generator units, flywheel energy storage, and propulsion loads is built in Python, and the Gurobi solver is used for solving the model. Figure 2 The low-carbon integrated energy management system and method for polar drilling vessels proposed in this patent can respond quickly to load fluctuations and has better performance.
[0049] Based on the energy management method proposed in this invention, during the simulation process, when the battery module temperature is detected to be below 0°C, the integrated thermal management network layer is set to preheat the battery. In the case of insufficient heat source, the energy management system activates the electric heating film to heat the battery and ensure the battery operating temperature.
[0050] This invention employs a low-carbon integrated energy management system and method suitable for polar drilling vessels, which constitutes a diversified power supply network through diesel generators, fuel cells, batteries, and waste heat recovery systems. When one power source (such as a fuel cell) requires maintenance or fails, other power sources can quickly supplement it, ensuring continuous power supply for critical loads such as drilling and dynamic positioning, greatly improving the vessel's operational resilience in harsh environments.
[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A low-carbon integrated energy management system suitable for polar drilling vessels, characterized in that, It includes a diversified energy supply layer, an integrated thermal management network layer, and an intelligent dispatch and control layer; The diversified energy supply layer includes a low-temperature fuel cell subsystem, a waste heat recovery power generation system, a low-temperature adaptable battery subsystem, and a diesel generator set subsystem. The integrated thermal management network layer includes a high-temperature heating network loop, a medium-temperature heating network loop, a low-temperature heating network loop, and a control unit; The intelligent scheduling and control layer executes scheduling strategies based on an optimized scheduling model, and performs unified coordination, management and optimization of the diversified energy supply layer and the integrated thermal management network layer. The optimized scheduling model includes an objective function and operating constraints, and the operating constraints include power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints and equipment operation constraints.
2. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cryogenic fuel cell subsystem includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel supply unit, an air supply system, a thermal management system, and a DC / AC converter. The power output terminal of the fuel cell stack is connected to the ship's main power grid via the DC / AC converter; the fuel supply unit, the air supply system, and the thermal management system are all connected to the fuel cell stack; the fuel cell stack is connected to the DC / AC converter; the thermal management system is connected to the integrated thermal management network layer via a high-temperature coolant circuit; The fuel cell stack is encapsulated in a chamber with active insulation material; the high-temperature coolant outlet temperature of the thermal management system is maintained at 70°C-85°C. The fuel supply unit consists of a liquid hydrogen storage tank and a reformer or a methanol storage tank and a reformer.
3. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat recovery power generation system includes a waste gas / waste liquid heat exchanger, an organic Rankine cycle generator, and a working fluid pump. The heat source inlet of the exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the exhaust system of the diesel generator, the cooling circuit of the cryogenic fuel cell subsystem, and the main engine cooling circuit of the drilling system via pipelines; the cold source side of the exhaust gas / waste liquid heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator of the organic Rankine cycle generator; the power output terminal of the organic Rankine cycle generator is connected to the ship's main power grid.
4. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature adaptable battery subsystem includes a battery module, a battery management system, a bidirectional converter, and an integrated temperature control unit. The battery module is connected to the ship's main power grid via a bidirectional converter, and the battery module is connected to the bidirectional converter; the battery management system and the integrated temperature control unit are both connected to the battery module; The integrated temperature control unit includes an electric heating film and a liquid cooling plate. The electric heating film is disposed between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module. The liquid cooling plate has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and is connected to the distribution pipeline of the integrated thermal management network layer through pipelines. The battery management system is configured to: when the battery module temperature is detected to be below 0°C, prioritize instruct the integrated thermal management network layer to provide heat to preheat the battery; when there is no external heat source, activate the electric heating film to heat the battery, ensuring that the battery operates within the optimal temperature range.
5. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diesel generator set subsystem includes a diesel engine, a synchronous generator, and an exhaust aftertreatment device; The diesel generator set subsystem serves as a backup and peak-shaving power source, and its power output terminal is connected to the ship's main power grid. The high-temperature exhaust and cylinder liner water circuit of the diesel generator set subsystem are connected to the heat source side inlet of the waste heat recovery generator system via valves.
6. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature heating network circuit uses ethylene glycol aqueous solution as the heat transfer medium to collect high-grade heat generated by fuel cells and diesel generator sets, and supplies it preferentially to the drilling fluid insulation system and heavy oil tank heating system through pipelines and plate heat exchangers. The medium-temperature heating network loop uses ethylene glycol aqueous solution to collect heat from the intermediate links of the waste heat recovery system and medium-temperature coolant from some equipment. The heat from the medium-temperature heating network loop is supplied to the ship's living quarters heating system and domestic hot water system through fan coil units and heat exchangers. The low-temperature heating network circuit collects low-grade heat from the batteries and power electronic equipment, and uses it for deck de-icing and anti-slip purposes and equipment antifreeze and insulation through a radiant pipe network arranged under the deck, handrails and outdoor passages. The control unit is equipped with temperature sensors and electric regulating valves at key nodes of the high-temperature, medium-temperature, and low-temperature heating network circuits. It receives instructions from the intelligent scheduling and control layer and dynamically adjusts the flow rate and direction of each branch to achieve precise on-demand heat distribution.
7. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function is as follows: in, Indicates the current moment. This indicates the number of steps in the prediction time domain. Represents the first term in the prediction time domain. Each time step This indicates the duration of each time step. Indicates in diesel prices at any given time Indicates in The output power of the diesel generator at any given time. This represents the carbon emission cost coefficient, which converts carbon emissions into economic costs. This represents a weighting coefficient for battery health, penalizing deviations from the ideal State of Charge (SOC) to extend battery life. Indicates in The state of charge of the battery at all times. This indicates the reference state of charge of the battery.
8. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for the power balance constraint is as follows: in, Indicates in The total electrical load of the entire ship is predicted at any time. Indicates the output power of the fuel cell. Indicates the output power of the battery This indicates the power generation capacity of the waste heat recovery system. This represents the discarded power that is dissipated through the dissipation resistor; The formula for the thermal power balance constraint is as follows: in, Indicates in The ship's total heat load is predicted at all times. and These represent the usable heat generated by the fuel cell and the diesel engine, respectively. This indicates the waste heat generated during battery discharge. and These represent the charging power and releasing power of the thermal storage device, respectively.
9. A low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment operating constraints include the operating constraints of fuel cells, diesel generators, and batteries; The calculation formula for the fuel cell operating constraints is as follows: in, This indicates the minimum output power of the fuel cell. This indicates the maximum output power of the fuel cell. express The output power of the fuel cell at all times; The calculation formula for the operating constraints of the diesel generator is as follows: in, This indicates the minimum output power of the diesel generator. This indicates the maximum output power of the diesel generator; The calculation formula for the battery operating constraints is as follows: in, and These represent the minimum and maximum permissible states of charge of the battery, respectively. and These represent the battery's charging power and discharging power, respectively. express The state of charge of the battery at all times. This indicates the rated capacity of the battery.
10. A low-carbon integrated energy management method for polar drilling vessels, applied to the low-carbon integrated energy management system for polar drilling vessels as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Measure all current states at time t, where all current states include the battery's state of charge (SOC(t)) at the current time, and the current load. and current device status; S2. Based on ship operation plans, historical data, and weather forecasts, predict the electrical load sequence within the next N steps. and heat load sequence ; S3. The central controller constructs the objective function and all constraints into a constrained optimization problem with integer variables; then it solves the constrained optimization problem, and the result is the optimal sequence of all control variables in the next N steps. S4. Only the first control instruction in the optimized sequence is used, where the first control instruction is the instruction at time t. The first control command is then sent to the corresponding device for execution. S5. Advance the time by one step to t+1, and repeat steps S1-S4; based on the new actual measurement values, re-predict and optimize, forming a closed-loop feedback of monitoring-prediction-optimization-execution.