Modular installation method and tool for pipelines in multi-layer goods shelf based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent construction and electromechanical installation, and discloses a BIM technology-based modular installation method and tool for pipelines in a multi-layer goods shelf, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional information model, carrying out the pipeline routing design and module splitting based on a dynamic avoidance principle, and binding a full-life-cycle unique identification code; bIM data is used for driving factory prefabrication, and associated management and control of prefabrication progress, quality data and logistics state are realized through code scanning; the automatic measurement robot is used for converting the virtual installation coordinates into on-site physical marks to assist installation, and the installation state is triggered to be uploaded in real time by identifying the identification codes; and correcting the design model by using the measured data to generate a completed digital twin model for delivery. The invention further provides a special tool comprising the hanging type anti-skid ladder stand and the extensible scaffold pedal. The special tool bears load through a goods shelf structure and has the stress induction warning function. According to the invention, the problem that the space of the dense shelf is limited is effectively solved, and the whole-process closed-loop management and control of physical entities and digital information is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent construction and electromechanical installation technology, specifically to a modular installation method and tool for pipes within multi-layer racks based on BIM technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of the modern logistics industry, the application of automated storage and retrieval systems (AS / RS) is becoming increasingly widespread. The pursuit of high-density storage has led to increasingly taller rack structures and denser arrangements. To meet fire safety regulations and temperature control requirements, complex sprinkler systems or other electromechanical pipelines must be installed within the dense racking. These intricate pipeline systems, sharing an extremely narrow three-dimensional space with the racking structure and automated storage and retrieval equipment, place high demands on installation precision and space planning.

[0003] For the installation of pipes within such racking systems, the existing construction method typically involves proceeding after the main racking structure is completed. Designers primarily determine the pipeline routing based on two-dimensional drawings or static three-dimensional models. Once on-site, construction workers use traditional tools such as measuring tapes to conduct on-site measurements between racks, obtaining data on pipe lengths and installation locations. Subsequently, workers perform processing such as cutting and threading on the pipes on the ground or a simple platform, and then manually pass the pipe sections or use general lifting equipment to lift them to the installation height. For high-altitude operations, if the aisle width allows, scissor lifts are usually used; if space is limited, scaffolding or temporary planks laid on the racks are often used to assist in the construction.

[0004] However, this traditional operating method has many insurmountable drawbacks in practical applications. First, the static design perspective easily overlooks the dynamic envelope range of equipment such as stacker cranes operating at high speeds, leading to hidden spatial interference between pipelines and moving equipment, threatening the operational safety of the warehousing system. Second, the dim lighting and repetitive structure inside the racks make manual measurement prone to cumulative errors, resulting in inaccurate alignment of prefabricated pipe sections. This forces a large amount of on-site cutting and welding, which is not only inefficient but also poses a fire hazard. Furthermore, information transmission is fragmented. Data from the design, manufacturing, and installation stages are not interconnected, lacking a digital identity anchor throughout the process, making quality traceability difficult, and the final delivery often does not match the actual situation. In addition, the extremely narrow aisles restrict the access of conventional lifting machinery, while the scaffolding erection period is too long, and directly climbing the racks lacks dedicated safety guarantees and stress monitoring methods, keeping the safety risks of working at height consistently high.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides a modular installation method and tool for pipes in multi-layer racks based on BIM technology to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a modular installation method and tool for pipes within multi-layer racks based on BIM technology. This solves the safety and efficiency problems faced by existing high-density automated warehouses in narrow spaces, such as the risk of dynamic equipment interference, low efficiency and poor accuracy of manual measurement and positioning, data exchange gaps throughout the process, and the difficulty of traditional large machinery entering the operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Digital design and virtual construction phase: Establish a three-dimensional information model, design pipeline routing based on dynamic avoidance principles, break down the pipeline system into discrete pipeline modules, bind a unique identifier code for the entire life cycle of each pipeline module, and import the data into the modular unit life cycle dynamic management platform;

[0010] Intelligent prefabrication and lean logistics stage: Based on BIM data, digital processing instructions are generated to drive prefabrication. By scanning the unique identification code carrier on the pipeline module throughout its entire life cycle, the prefabrication progress, quality data and logistics status are correlated and controlled in the dynamic management platform for the entire life cycle of the modular unit.

[0011] Digital-assisted installation phase: The installation coordinates in the BIM model are converted into physical markers on site. Installers complete the physical connection of the piping modules based on the markers, and the installation completion status is triggered to be uploaded in real time by identifying the unique identifier code throughout the entire life cycle.

[0012] Completion Acceptance and Digital Delivery Phase: The design BIM model is revised using measured data to generate the as-built BIM model. The entire process management data is integrated into the as-built BIM model through a unique lifecycle identifier to form a digital twin model for delivery.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, this invention utilizes a unique lifecycle identifier as a data anchor, spanning the entire process from virtual design to physical delivery. By resolving pipeline layout conflicts within dense shelving spaces during the digital design phase, leveraging BIM data to directly drive automated prefabrication in the factory to ensure module accuracy, and combining this with on-site physical markings to assist in high-altitude installation, a two-way closed loop of physical entity construction and digital information flow is achieved. This method effectively solves the problems of limited internal space in multi-layer shelving, low efficiency of traditional installation methods, poor positioning accuracy, and difficulty in quality traceability, enabling refined and visualized control of the installation process.

[0014] Preferably, in the digital design and virtual construction stage, the pipeline routing design and splitting based on the dynamic avoidance principle specifically includes: generating a three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope based on the operating trajectory of the rack storage and retrieval equipment, ensuring that the spatial volume of the pipeline system does not interfere with the three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope through collision detection; dividing the pipeline system into modules according to the physical connection nodes, and ensuring that the individual pipeline modules after division meet the preset transportation size threshold and lifting weight threshold.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, a three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope concept is introduced to ensure that the spatial volume occupied by the pipeline system does not intersect with the avoidance space volume defined by the dynamic operating trajectory of the storage and retrieval equipment and safety redundancy. This eliminates the risk of physical collisions between static pipeline facilities and high-speed automated logistics equipment, ensuring the long-term operational safety of the dense warehousing system.

[0016] Preferably, the unique identifier for the entire lifecycle adopts a hierarchical coding structure, which includes spatial attribute information for positioning and system attribute information for classification; the digital design and virtual construction stage also includes a verification process: establishing a virtual template and a physical template containing pipes and shelves, and correcting the virtual template model and establishing construction standards by comparing the trial installation data of the physical template with the design parameters of the virtual template.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the layered coding structure enables the identification code itself to carry clear logical information, facilitating on-site personnel to quickly identify the location and system type of the module. Through the dual verification mechanism of virtual and physical templates, tolerance and fit defects or blind spots in the installation process of the BIM model in the actual assembly environment can be detected in advance, controlling potential design changes before mass production and reducing on-site rework costs and schedule risks.

[0018] Preferably, in the intelligent prefabrication and lean logistics stage, the associated control of prefabrication progress and quality data specifically includes: parsing BIM model data to generate CNC machining codes or material lists; in the prefabrication process, by identifying the unique identifier code throughout the entire life cycle to retrieve the corresponding quality inspection standards, uploading the actual quality inspection data to the platform and binding it with the identifier code, and using the qualified status of the process as a prerequisite for module transfer.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the digital and lossless transmission of design intent to production instructions is achieved, eliminating errors that may arise from manual drawing interpretation. Using the process qualification status as a logical gating system for workflow, the quality management principle that non-conforming products cannot enter the next process is enforced, ensuring that every pipeline module leaving the factory meets quality standards, thus realizing data-driven lean manufacturing.

[0020] Preferably, in the digitally assisted installation stage, converting the installation coordinates in the BIM model into on-site physical markers specifically includes: extracting the three-dimensional coordinate data of the pipe support installation points in the BIM model; using an automatic measurement robot to read the three-dimensional coordinate data; and using a laser projection device to project the virtual coordinate points onto the physical surface of the rack structure to form a visual physical positioning marker.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-precision spatial positioning capability of the automated measuring robot and laser projection technology are used to replace traditional manual measurement and layout operations. In construction environments with complex shelving structures and severe obstruction of vision, this solution can accurately and intuitively map the virtual design coordinates in the BIM model onto the physical structure, improving the positioning accuracy and construction efficiency of high-altitude installation operations.

[0022] Preferably, in the digitally assisted installation stage, the real-time upload of the installation completion status trigger specifically includes: identifying the location marker of the shelf area and activating the installation task list of the corresponding workstation; after the physical connection is completed, identifying the unique identifier of the pipeline module throughout its entire life cycle for confirmation; after receiving the confirmation instruction, the modular unit life cycle dynamic management platform updates the module status and drives the specific parameters of the three-dimensional model in the life cycle dynamic management platform to change.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a task distribution mechanism based on geolocation services was established, preventing incorrect or missing module installations. The scanning confirmation action directly triggers changes to the model's appearance, achieving real-time synchronization between the physical construction progress and the cloud-based digital twin interface, providing project management with an intuitive and accurate 4D progress monitoring method.

[0024] Preferably, in the completion acceptance and digital delivery stage, the generation of the as-built BIM model and digital twin model specifically includes: collecting three-dimensional data of the installed pipeline system entity; comparing the three-dimensional data of the pipeline system entity with the original design BIM model; generating a deviation chromatogram to visually and intuitively display the deviation values ​​and locations; and adjusting the geometric pose of the pipeline modules in the model based on the comparison results; using the unique life-cycle identifier as the index key, batch extracting the production, logistics, quality inspection, and installation records from the modular unit life-cycle dynamic management platform database and writing them into the attribute set of the as-built BIM model.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the shortcomings of traditional BIM delivery models, which often lag behind on-site changes and deviate from the actual situation, are overcome. Through reverse correction of entity data and automated injection of attribute data throughout the process, the digital twin model delivered to the owner has high geometric fidelity and information completeness, and can directly serve the subsequent operation, maintenance and management.

[0026] Preferably, the modular installation method for pipes within multi-layer shelving based on BIM technology further includes the following in the logistics management stage: the modular unit full life cycle dynamic management platform generates a requisition instruction based on the on-site installation plan; in the inbound and outbound process, the list is checked by identifying the unique identification code of the full life cycle, the circulation timestamp is recorded, and the components are stored in different areas and categories on-site according to the spatial attribute information in the identification code.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, a pull-based lean logistics system driven by on-site demand was established, achieving just-in-time delivery of materials. This effectively avoids material accumulation, chaos, and secondary handling problems in narrow construction sites, improving the efficiency of on-site material flow.

[0028] Preferably, the modular unit full lifecycle dynamic management platform adopts a cloud-edge-device collaborative architecture for data interaction, specifically including: at the edge computing layer, using the edge gateway to clean and filter high-frequency raw data from the end-side device, and only uploading valid status data to the cloud through an encryption protocol; at the cloud service layer, after receiving a status change request and verifying the logical compliance, updating the database status field, and pushing messages to the front-end dashboard through the WebSocket long connection mechanism to trigger the real-time synchronous modification of relevant parameters of the digital twin model.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solutions, the data preprocessing capability of the edge computing layer effectively reduces network bandwidth pressure and cloud server load, while the WebSocket long connection mechanism breaks through the latency bottleneck of the traditional polling method, ensuring that the digital twin can respond and synchronize to changes in the physical world state in milliseconds.

[0030] Secondly, this invention provides a tool for a modular installation method of pipes within a multi-layer racking system based on BIM technology. The tool includes a hook-on anti-slip ladder and an extendable scaffolding platform, both utilizing the racking system's own structure for load-bearing. Specifically: the hook-on anti-slip ladder has a double-hook hook mechanism at its top, comprising an inverted U-shaped hook with an adjustable inner opening width and a gravity-locking anti-detachment tongue, and an adaptive universal adjustable support foot at its bottom; the extendable scaffolding platform adopts a sleeve-type telescopic structure, with C-type buckle locking devices at both ends adapted to the racking beam cross-section, the C-type buckle locking devices being driven and locked by an eccentric cam quick-clamp; the tool has irreversible color-changing stress-sensing patches affixed to key stress-bearing areas, used to permanently change color when the tool is subjected to an impact load exceeding its yield strength, thus issuing a warning signal.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solutions, a lightweight, specialized tool system was designed to address the pain points of narrow aisles inside multi-layer racks and the inability of traditional large lifting equipment to access them for construction. This system utilizes rack beams as the load-bearing foundation. A double-hook hook mechanism, combined with a gravity-locking anti-detachment tongue, ensures the vertical stability of the ladder and prevents it from disengaging due to accidental lifting. An eccentric cam quick-clamping device enables rapid and rigid fixing between the pedal and the rack beam, creating a safe and reliable horizontal working platform. The introduction of irreversible color-changing stress-sensitive patches utilizes the properties of stress-induced color-changing materials to achieve passive and intuitive monitoring of the tool's structural health status. This allows for timely detection and warning of potential structural damage caused by tool fatigue or overload, effectively preventing accidents during high-altitude operations.

[0032] This invention provides a modular installation method and tool for pipes within multi-layer racks based on BIM technology. It offers the following advantages:

[0033] 1. This invention effectively solves the problems of limited internal space and complex pipeline layout in dense shelving systems by constructing a three-dimensional avoidance envelope containing the dynamic operating trajectory of storage and retrieval equipment, and combining it with a modular prefabrication system driven by a unique identifier throughout the entire lifecycle. It eliminates the risk of spatial interference between static pipelines and dynamic logistics equipment, and, combined with high-precision prefabrication in the factory, eliminates the fire hazards caused by on-site high-altitude cutting and welding operations, thus improving construction efficiency and the operational safety of the warehousing system.

[0034] 2. This invention utilizes the laser projection technology of an automated measurement robot and a modular unit lifecycle dynamic management platform to achieve real-time closed-loop control of the physical installation process and the flow of digital information. By directly mapping the virtual coordinates of the BIM model to high-precision physical light spot markers on site, it replaces the traditional and inefficient manual measurement and layout, solving the problems of difficult positioning and large cumulative errors in narrow alleyways. At the same time, the data interaction mechanism based on the cloud-edge-device architecture ensures millisecond-level synchronization between the installation status and the digital twin model, providing accurate quality traceability and visualized decision support for the entire project management process.

[0035] 3. This invention designs a set of specialized high-altitude work tools that utilize the shelving structure itself for load-bearing. Through the gravity-locking mechanism of the hook-on anti-slip ladder and the eccentric cam locking device of the scaffolding steps, it overcomes the physical limitations of traditional large lifting equipment that cannot enter narrow aisles for operation. This tool system is lightweight and portable, and can quickly construct a stable, rigid working platform. Combined with irreversible color-changing stress-sensing patches affixed to key stress-bearing areas, it passively and intuitively warns of tool overload or fatigue conditions, effectively ensuring the safety of workers performing high-altitude operations in special environments while reducing construction auxiliary costs. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating the overall method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the digital design and virtual construction phases of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the intelligent prefabrication and lean logistics stages of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the digital assisted installation phase of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the completion acceptance and digital delivery phases of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is an architecture diagram of the modular unit full lifecycle dynamic management platform of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the high-altitude operation tool system of the present invention, which can be quickly assembled and disassembled.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hook-on anti-slip ladder of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extendable scaffolding platform of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] See attached document Figure 1 The present invention provides a modular installation method for pipes in multi-layer racks based on BIM technology. In a specific embodiment, the method may first include a digital design and virtual construction phase.

[0047] See attached document Figure 2 The digital design and virtual construction phase aims to establish an accurate, spatially conflict-free, and easily modularly decomposable 3D digital model. In one embodiment, this phase specifically includes spatial information integration and optimization design.

[0048] First, acquire the 3D models of the building structure, HVAC and fire protection systems, and the parametric 3D model of the shelving provided by the supplier. Then, in a pre-defined BIM (Building Information Modeling) software environment, such as Autodesk Revit, build a 3D information model integrating the building structure, MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) systems, based on the acquired 3D models. All components in this 3D information model have precise 3D geometric dimensions and spatial coordinate information.

[0049] Next, a precise 3D model of the storage and retrieval equipment within the shelving area is obtained, along with its maximum dynamic displacement data during storage and retrieval operations along the X, Y, and Z axes. Based on the dynamic displacement data and preset safety redundancy values, a 3D dynamic avoidance envelope is calculated and generated. This envelope defines an absolute clearance area that cannot be invaded under any circumstances.

[0050] In the 3D information model, a 3D route design is performed for the pipeline system to be installed. The core spatial constraints of this design are:

[0051] ;

[0052] in, Represents the three-dimensional spatial volume occupied by the piping system (which includes the pipe body, valves, flanges, supports and other accessories); It represents the three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope space volume defined by the dynamic operating trajectory of the storage and retrieval equipment, the outer contour of the cargo unit, and the preset safety redundancy value.

[0053] To meet the above constraints, a collision detection algorithm is executed within the BIM software environment to determine the three-dimensional spatial volume of the piping system. With the spatial volume of the three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope Does spatial intersection exist? If the detection result indicates an intersection, the three-dimensional coordinate parameters of the pipeline system are adjusted, and collision detection is repeated until the detection result indicates no intersection. This process ensures that the final layout of the pipeline system will not physically interfere with the operation of the storage and retrieval equipment.

[0054] Furthermore, the system identifies repetitive layout patterns in the 3D information model of shelving units. For each shelving unit, parametric modeling techniques are employed to establish an interconnected parametric family of structural models and internal piping systems for a standard shelving unit.

[0055] Parametric families contain multiple editable geometric constraint parameters, such as shelf height. Shelf spacing When the values ​​of geometric constraint parameters change, the three-dimensional geometric dimensions or spatial positions of the piping facility models associated with those parameters in the parametric family are automatically updated. This step is used to quickly generate new piping layout schemes when design changes occur.

[0056] After completing the spatial information integration and optimization design, the method further includes modular decomposition and the establishment of a full life cycle coding system.

[0057] In a three-dimensional information model without spatial conflicts, the continuous pipeline system is cut and divided into multiple discrete pipeline modules that can be independently prefabricated in the factory environment along its length according to a preset splitting principle.

[0058] One specific principle of decomposition is to use the mechanical connection points of the piping system (such as flanges, grooved clamps) or welding points that are easy to connect on site as the physical demarcation points of the modules.

[0059] The geometry of a single pipe module must simultaneously meet the following three conditions: its maximum external dimension (length) ,width ,high () smaller than the internal dimensions of the cargo compartment of the transport vehicle; its total weight It is smaller than the rated lifting load of the on-site lifting equipment; its size and shape facilitate 2 to 3 installation workers to move, rotate and position it on the high-altitude work platform.

[0060] The splitting operation is performed automatically in the BIM software environment via a dedicated plugin or script. This plugin or script reads the pipe model data and, based on the input dimensions and weight thresholds, automatically generates cutting points on the pipe model, defining the resulting independent sections as pipe modules. Each pipe module includes not only the pipe body but may also include pre-attached branch pipes, sprinkler head joints, valves, and accessories such as supports and hangers for fixing.

[0061] Next, each segmented pipeline module is assigned a unique identifier throughout its entire lifecycle, denoted as L-ID. The L-ID uses a hierarchical string format to ensure its uniqueness and to carry resolvable location and attribute information. In one embodiment, the L-ID structure is defined as follows:

[0062] ;

[0063] in:

[0064] It is a combination of letters or numbers used to distinguish different engineering projects, such as PJT25.

[0065] These are letters used to identify the building area where the shelving is located, such as area A.

[0066] and These are numbers used to precisely locate the shelf position of the module, such as R15 (15th row) and C08 (8th column).

[0067] It is a code used to identify the vertical hierarchy of module installation, such as L4 (level 4).

[0068] These are codes used to distinguish the electromechanical systems to which a module belongs; for example, SP represents a fire sprinkler system.

[0069] It is a three-digit serial number used to distinguish different modules at the same location when all the above codes are the same, such as 001.

[0070] After coding is completed, the BIM data of each piping module is bound to its corresponding L-ID. The BIM data includes, but is not limited to: the module's 3D geometric model, precise dimensions, material information, weight, surface area, interface type and coordinates, and a list of included accessories.

[0071] Finally, all module BIM data bound to L-ID are exported in batches through a data interface (such as API) and imported into the database of a pre-set modular unit full life cycle dynamic management platform (hereinafter referred to as IoT platform).

[0072] After receiving data, the IoT platform generates a unique QR code image for each module entry (i.e., each L-ID) in the database. This QR code uses a specific encoding algorithm to convert the module's L-ID string information into a graphic format. Subsequently, the generated QR code image file is linked to the module's L-ID and its BIM data in the database. This QR code will serve as the sole entry point for identifying the module in the physical world and interacting with its digital information within the IoT platform.

[0073] After completing the modular decomposition and establishing the coding system, the methodology further includes verification using virtual and physical templates and the establishment of construction standards.

[0074] In a BIM software environment, from all the modularly disassembled piping modules, one or more structurally representative piping modules and their corresponding rack units are selected, and the 3D information model of this part is defined as a virtual template. Representativeness means that the unit can cover the main piping connection types, support fixing methods, and the most spatially complex installation nodes in the project.

[0075] The virtual template is uploaded to a BIM collaboration platform. On this platform, various project stakeholders (including designers, construction managers, prefabrication plant technicians, and owner representatives) participate in an immersive collaborative review of the 3D model. The review includes, but is not limited to: checking the reasonableness of tolerance settings for module interfaces, ensuring sufficient tightening space for bolts or clamps, verifying the stability and reliability of connections between supports and shelf columns or beams, and confirming the logical consistency of the installation sequence.

[0076] Based on the conclusions of the collaborative review, the piping modules or support designs in the virtual template are refined until all parties confirm the technical feasibility of the design. The verified virtual template's 3D information model has its accuracy level upgraded to LOD400 (prefabrication level), containing all the detailed information needed to guide precise factory production and on-site installation.

[0077] Based on the virtual template model with an accuracy level of LOD400, its machining details (ShopDrawing) are exported. The machining details are then sent to the prefabrication plant to guide the production of physical pipe modules that are completely identical to the virtual template.

[0078] Meanwhile, in a designated area of ​​the construction site, a 1:1 scale physical shelving unit is built according to the same structural dimensions as the virtual template.

[0079] The prefabricated pipe modules are transported to the site, where installation workers perform trial installations on the physical rack units to create a physical prototype. During the trial installation, the following technical details are recorded and verified in detail:

[0080] The specific procedures, working hours, and manpower required for the hoisting, alignment, and connection of the modules.

[0081] The actual assembly gaps between module interfaces are used to verify whether the tolerances set in the BIM model are correct.

[0082] Use a torque wrench to tighten the bolt connection points, and determine and record the standard tightening torque value.

[0083] Verify the convenience and safety of specially designed high-altitude work tools (such as hook-on ladders and footboards) in actual use.

[0084] All actual data and verification results recorded during the trial installation of the physical template are compared with the original design parameters of the virtual template. If any deviations or optimized installation methods are found (e.g., adjusting the position of a bracket's fixing hole can make installation easier), this information is fed back into the BIM software environment for final correction of the original LOD400 virtual template model, ensuring that the virtual model is completely consistent with physically verified best practices.

[0085] After completing the above revisions, this final version of the template (including its BIM model, detailed construction process steps, and quality acceptance standard parameters such as tightening torque values), which has undergone dual verification in both virtual and physical environments, will be solidified as the sole construction standard for this project. Through the IoT platform, this complete set of standard documents (including the 3D model, installation instructions, and quality checklist) will be distributed to all relevant production and construction positions as a unified technical benchmark for subsequent large-scale prefabrication and installation operations.

[0086] See attached document Figure 3 After completing the digital design and virtual construction phase, the methodology further includes a smart prefabrication and lean logistics phase, which first implements digitally driven factory prefabrication.

[0087] Based on the master construction schedule, project managers create and issue production batch tasks on the IoT platform. These tasks include a list of L-IDs for all piping modules to be produced in this batch. Upon receiving the task, the prefabrication plant's management terminal automatically retrieves and downloads the LOD400 precision BIM model data corresponding to each L-ID in the list from the IoT platform's data center.

[0088] The BIM model data is automatically processed by a pre-defined conversion program to generate digital instruction files or two-dimensional machining details that can be directly read by machining equipment. This conversion program performs the following operations:

[0089] For the pipe itself, the program extracts information such as its centerline, diameter, wall thickness, and material from the BIM model, automatically generates a material list containing precise length and cutting angle, or directly generates NC code for a CNC pipe cutting machine.

[0090] For pipe end processing, the program identifies the interface type in the model (such as groove, thread, bevel) and generates corresponding processing parameter instructions for pipe end processing machine tools (such as grooving machine, threading machine, beveling machine).

[0091] For steel components such as supports and hangers, the program unfolds the three-dimensional plates or steel profiles in the BIM model into a two-dimensional planar view and generates a DXF file containing hole positions and dimensions, which is used to drive CNC plasma or laser cutting machines for material cutting.

[0092] The automated or semi-automated production line in the prefabrication plant performs processing based on the digital instruction file generated above. In one specific embodiment, the processing flow includes:

[0093] First, place the raw material steel pipe on the loading rack of the numerically controlled pipe cutting machine. The equipment automatically completes the fixed-length cutting and end forming of the steel pipe according to the received NC code. Next, convey the cut pipe segments to the pipe end processing station, where the grooving machine or threading machine automatically completes the grooving pressing or threading processing of the pipe ends according to the processing parameter instructions.

[0094] Then, place the processed pipe segments together with accessories such as brackets and flanges cut according to the DXF file on the three-dimensional welding workbench or the welding station controlled by a robot. The welding robot or worker precisely assembles and welds each component into a complete pipe module based on the three-dimensional positioning information and welding process parameters extracted from the BIM model. Finally, paste or hang a pre-printed QR code label containing its L-ID information at the designated position of the module. This label is made of industrial-grade materials that are waterproof, wear-resistant, and tear-resistant to ensure clear readability during subsequent transportation and installation.

[0095] While implementing digital-driven factory prefabrication, the method further includes quality traceability and process control based on the Internet of Things.

[0096] After each key process in the prefabrication factory (such as pipe segment cutting, pipe end processing, component group welding, anti-corrosion coating) is completed, the process operator or full-time quality inspector uses a handheld intelligent terminal device (such as an industrial-grade PDA or smartphone) to scan the QR code label on the to-be-inspected pipe module or its semi-finished product.

[0097] An application program (App) for communicating with the IoT platform is pre-installed on the handheld intelligent terminal device. After scanning the QR code, the application program automatically obtains the standard quality inspection checklist associated with the L-ID of this module from the IoT platform. This inspection checklist is generated based on the construction standards established in the aforementioned virtual-real sample verification stage and includes all items to be inspected in this process and their qualified parameter ranges.

[0098] For example, after the group welding process is completed, the quality inspector scans the QR code, and the application program interface displays the weld quality inspection checklist for this module. The quality inspector uses tools such as a weld inspection ruler and an ultrasonic flaw detector to measure the length, height, width, and internal defects of the weld, and fills the actual measured values into the corresponding columns of the application program. The application program will automatically determine whether the measured value is within the qualified parameter range.

[0099] After the quality inspector completes all inspection items, he can also take and upload inspection photos of key parts as image vouchers through the application program. Subsequently, the quality inspector submits the inspection results in the application program. If all inspection items are qualified, the status of this module in this process is confirmed as qualified.

[0100] Handheld smart terminal devices will upload quality data packets, including inspection results, measured data, inspector ID, inspection timestamp, and on-site photos, to the IoT platform in real time via wireless networks (such as Wi-Fi or 4G / 5G).

[0101] After receiving the data, the IoT platform performs the following operations:

[0102] The quality data packet is associated with the module's L-ID and stored in the database to form an immutable and permanent quality record.

[0103] The module's status in the IoT platform is updated. For example, in one embodiment, the module's status transition mechanism is defined as follows: only when all preset key processes of a module are recorded as qualified will its overall status in the IoT platform be automatically updated from production to qualified and ready for shipment. Any module that fails any process inspection will have its status locked and will be unable to enter the subsequent outbound and shipping process.

[0104] Using the above methods, each prefabricated pipe module carries a complete and traceable digital quality file, ensuring that only 100% qualified products can leave the factory, thus achieving strict control over construction quality from the source.

[0105] After completing factory prefabrication and quality control, the methodology further includes lean logistics and just-in-time delivery.

[0106] Project managers at the construction site, based on a detailed high-altitude installation work plan for the next 1 to 3 days, create a requisition form on the IoT platform's web or mobile application. This requisition form contains a list of L-IDs for all piping modules required to be installed within that time window. This process creates a pull-based logistics instruction driven by actual on-site needs.

[0107] After receiving the requisition form, the warehouse management terminal at the prefabrication plant automatically generates an electronic picking list via the IoT platform. This picking list lists the L-IDs of all requested modules and their storage locations in the factory warehouse. Based on this picking list, warehouse staff use forklifts and other equipment to pick the corresponding pipe modules from the shelves.

[0108] Before the modules are loaded onto the truck, staff use handheld smart devices to scan the QR code label on each module to be shipped. For each successful scan of a QR code, the IoT platform performs the following actions:

[0109] Verify that the L-ID of this module is on the list in this purchase requisition form.

[0110] Verify that the module's status on the platform is "qualified and ready for shipment." Only modules that meet both of these conditions are allowed to be shipped.

[0111] Record the current outbound timestamp, operator ID, and associate it with the transport vehicle information (such as license plate number) for this shipment.

[0112] The module's status on the IoT platform will be automatically updated from qualified and ready for shipment to in transit.

[0113] After all the applied modules have been scanned and loaded onto the vehicle, the IoT platform automatically generates a detailed delivery list and sends it to the receiving end at the construction site.

[0114] Once the transport vehicles arrive at the construction site, the on-site warehouse manager uses a handheld smart terminal device to scan the QR code label on each unloaded pipe module to sign for receipt. For each successful QR code scan, the IoT platform performs the following actions:

[0115] Verify that the module's L-ID is on the shipping manifest.

[0116] Record the current arrival and receipt timestamp and the recipient's ID.

[0117] The module's status in the IoT platform is automatically updated from "in transit" to "arrived".

[0118] After receipt, the IoT platform pushes a recommended temporary storage location instruction to the warehouse manager's terminal device based on the location information (such as area and floor) contained in the module's L-ID. For example, for a module with L-ID XM01-A-R15-C08-L4-SP-001, the system will recommend storing it in the designated material storage area closest to the 4th floor of area A. The warehouse manager then moves the module to the designated temporary storage area according to this instruction.

[0119] Through the closed-loop management formed by scanning codes twice for outbound and inbound shipments, and the classification and temporary storage based on L-ID information, the entire process of logistics information from the factory to the on-site installation station is transparent and controllable, which realizes the accurate delivery of materials and avoids the problems of chaotic stacking, misuse or loss of materials on site.

[0120] See attached document Figure 4 After completing the intelligent prefabrication and lean logistics stages, the method further includes a digitally assisted installation stage, which first involves high-precision robotic line laying operations.

[0121] This task aims to transfer the precise installation location information of the piping modules in the BIM model to the physical rack structure on the construction site in the form of physical markers.

[0122] First, from the final confirmed LOD400 precision BIM model, the three-dimensional spatial coordinates (X, Y, Z) of all connection points between supports and rack structures on each pipe module are extracted in batches. In one specific embodiment, the connection point is the center point of the mounting hole on the support used for fastening bolts. All extracted coordinate point data, along with their corresponding unique identifiers, are organized and exported into a coordinate data file, such as a CSV or TXT format file.

[0123] Import the coordinate data file into the controller of a high-precision surveying robot (e.g., a surveying robot with automatic target recognition and aiming functions and an accuracy better than 1 second, or a motor-driven total station).

[0124] A high-precision surveying robot is set up at the construction site in a location with a wide field of view that can cover the area to be laid out. The operator starts the automatic station setup program on the robot's controller. Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of multiple known control points pre-input into the controller, the robot automatically rotates and searches for the prism target on these control points. After successfully determining the angles and distances of at least three known control points, the robot uses its built-in resection algorithm to accurately calculate its current three-dimensional coordinates and azimuth, thus aligning its own coordinate system with the project's global coordinate system.

[0125] Once the station is set up, the robot controller automatically and sequentially reads the coordinates of each target point in the coordinate data file. For each target point, the robot automatically calculates its horizontal and vertical angles relative to its own position, drives its internal motor to precisely rotate to that angle, and simultaneously projects its built-in visible laser beam.

[0126] The laser beam propagates through space and eventually forms a clearly visible red or green spot with a diameter of 1-2 millimeters on the surface of the shelf upright or beam where the target point is located.

[0127] Following the guidance of the laser spot, a worker uses a marker or center punch to make a physical mark at the center of the spot. After the robot completes the projection of one point, it automatically turns and projects the coordinates of the next point. The worker then marks the next point until all points in the coordinate data file have been marked.

[0128] Through the above steps, a series of high-precision physical markers were generated on the rack structure, perfectly corresponding to the bracket mounting holes designed in the BIM model. The positioning accuracy of the markers, relative to the project's global coordinate system, was controlled within a tolerance range of ±2mm.

[0129] After the high-precision robot line laying operation is completed, the method further includes modular hoisting and rapid assembly.

[0130] According to the installation plan for the day, the foreman of the installation team views and assigns installation tasks to his team members through the mobile application of the IoT platform. The task includes the specific workstation number to be installed and a list of L-IDs of the pipe modules to be installed at that workstation.

[0131] Installation workers proceed to designated floors or temporary storage areas according to task instructions. Using handheld smart devices, they scan the QR codes on the pipe modules within the storage area. The IoT platform system automatically verifies that the scanned module's L-ID matches the current task list. Once verified, the worker retrieves the module, and the IoT platform automatically updates the module's status from "arrived" to "in installation."

[0132] Workers use small lifting equipment (such as manual hoists or small winches) to lift the received pipe modules to the designated installation height.

[0133] On the aerial work platform, the installation workers align the mounting holes of the supports on the pipe modules with the physical markers previously marked on the rack structure by the robot's layout work. Since the dimensional accuracy of the prefabricated modules and the positioning accuracy of the layout markers are guaranteed, this alignment process only requires minor adjustments.

[0134] After alignment, workers use high-strength bolts to pass through the mounting holes on the brackets and the pre-drilled holes on the rack structure, or drill holes on-site, and then tighten them to the preset torque value using an electric or manual torque wrench. The preset torque value is a standard parameter determined during the aforementioned virtual and physical sample verification phase.

[0135] After a single pipe module is fixed in place, its interface end is connected to the interface end of an adjacent, already installed pipe module. The connection interface can take the form of flange connection or grooved clamp connection, among others.

[0136] For flange connections, the worker aligns the flange faces of the two modules, inserts the gasket, and then tightens all flange bolts symmetrically and in stages to the standard torque.

[0137] For grooved clamp connections, the worker aligns the pipe ends of the two modules, puts a sealing ring on the interface, then fastens the upper and lower halves of the grooved clamp into the groove of the pipe end, and finally tightens the bolts on both sides of the clamp until the flanges on both sides are tightly attached.

[0138] Through the steps described above, multiple discrete pipe modules are precisely and securely connected in the air to form a continuous pipe system. The entire assembly process eliminates the need for any on-site pipe cutting, welding, or drilling, reducing the complexity of high-altitude operations and the risk of fire.

[0139] During the execution of modular hoisting and rapid assembly, the methodological synchronization includes real-time tracking of the on-site installation process.

[0140] When the installation team arrives at the designated high-altitude work station and prepares to begin installation work, a team member uses a handheld smart terminal device to scan a QR code for a specific area affixed to a shelf column near the work station. This QR code encodes unique location information for that work station (e.g., area, row number, column number, floor number).

[0141] After scanning the area's QR code, the IoT platform's mobile application automatically activates the installation task for that workstation. The application interface displays a list of L-IDs for all piping modules to be installed at that workstation and guides the worker to collect the correct module. This step links the installation job to a specific spatial location.

[0142] Once a pipe module is fully secured on the shelf and its interface has been connected to the adjacent module, the installer or on-site quality inspector uses a handheld smart terminal device to scan the QR code label on the installed module again.

[0143] After scanning, the mobile application will display an installation confirmation screen. On this screen, the operator can check the confirmation items (e.g., bracket fixation completed, interface connection completed), and optionally take a photo of the module after installation as an image record.

[0144] After the operator submits confirmation, the handheld smart terminal device uploads a data packet containing the module's L-ID, the operator's ID, the confirmation timestamp, and on-site photos to the IoT platform via a wireless network.

[0145] After receiving the data packet, the IoT platform performs the following operations:

[0146] The data packet is associated with the module's L-ID and stored in the database to form an installation completion record.

[0147] The module's status in the IoT platform will be automatically updated from "Installation in progress" to "Installation complete".

[0148] Project managers can view the installation progress of the entire project in real time on the web-based dashboard interface of the IoT platform. In one embodiment, the dashboard uses a 3D BIM model as the visualization background. Piping modules in different states in the model are rendered with different colors. For example: gray represents awaiting production; yellow represents production in progress; blue represents arrival on site; and green represents installation completed.

[0149] Managers can immediately access and view detailed records of the entire process, from production and quality inspection to logistics and installation, by clicking on any module in the model. This enables visualized, refined, and real-time tracking and management of on-site installation progress.

[0150] See attached document Figure 5 After the on-site installation of all piping modules is completed, the method further includes a final acceptance and digital delivery phase, which begins with digital final acceptance.

[0151] Once all piping modules are updated to "installation complete" on the IoT platform, the system automatically triggers the final acceptance process. Project managers, supervisors, and owner representatives log in to the IoT platform's web interface and access the final acceptance module.

[0152] In this module, the IoT platform automatically generates a comprehensive digital completion report. This report includes, but is not limited to, the following:

[0153] Quantity Checklist: The system automatically counts the number of all pipe modules in the "Installation Complete" status and compares this count with the total number of modules in the initial design BIM model, generating a discrepancy report. This checklist ensures that all designed modules have been installed without omission.

[0154] Quality Record Summary: The system automatically retrieves and integrates the complete quality records for each piping module from factory prefabrication to on-site installation. The report, indexed by L-ID, lists the quality inspection results, measured data, inspectors, and inspection times for each module at all key stages. Acceptance personnel can randomly select any module to trace its complete quality formation process.

[0155] Schedule compliance analysis: The system compares the actual installation completion timestamp of each module with the planned completion time set for that module in the project master schedule, automatically calculates and highlights all modules that are delayed, and quantifies their delay days.

[0156] The acceptance personnel review the digital completion report on the web interface. For any anomalies shown in the report (such as quantity discrepancies, missing quality records, or significant delays in progress), the acceptance personnel can directly create a problem rectification order on the platform and assign it to the relevant responsible party for handling.

[0157] Meanwhile, on-site inspection personnel used handheld mobile devices to conduct random inspections at the construction site. The inspectors would randomly walk to an installation location and scan the QR code on any pipe module at that location.

[0158] The mobile application immediately displays the module's complete digital profile on the IoT platform, including its 3D model, materials, specifications, and all historical quality records. Acceptance personnel then meticulously compare the physical module and its installation status with the BIM model and quality data displayed in the application. For example, they verify that the module's physical dimensions, interface connection methods, and bracket fixing positions match the model; they also verify that the material stamps on the module body match the database records.

[0159] By comparing the on-site physical structures with cloud-based digital archives in real time, dual verification of the project's physical quality and information integrity was achieved. All inspection results were recorded via a mobile application and uploaded to the IoT platform, serving as the final basis for final acceptance. Once all rectification orders were closed and no objections were raised during the on-site inspection, all parties involved in the acceptance process electronically signed off on the IoT platform, completing the final acceptance of the entire project.

[0160] After completing the digital completion acceptance, the methodology further includes the generation and delivery of digital twin assets.

[0161] First, the IoT platform database containing all lifecycle data of the pipeline modules confirmed during the final acceptance process is archived. This database fully records the entire process data of each pipeline module corresponding to L-ID, from raw materials, factory prefabrication, quality inspection, logistics and transportation, on-site installation to final acceptance.

[0162] Next, based on the completed piping system entity, a comprehensive 3D laser scan is performed. This scan generates a high-density 3D point cloud model that accurately reflects the actual spatial location, orientation, and geometry of all piping modules after installation with millimeter-level precision.

[0163] The 3D point cloud model is imported into the BIM software environment and overlaid and compared with the original design BIM model. Based on the actual position presented by the point cloud model, the geometric position and orientation of each pipe module in the original design BIM model are precisely adjusted to generate an as-built (As-Built) BIM model that is completely consistent with the actual site.

[0164] Subsequently, a pre-defined data integration script is run. This script uses the L-ID of the pipeline module as a unique association key and queries the archived IoT platform database in batches via the API interface. For each module object in the as-built BIM model, the script automatically extracts its corresponding complete lifecycle data from the database and writes this data as new attribute parameters into the attribute set of the BIM model object.

[0165] The attribute parameters to be written include, but are not limited to: production batch number, quality inspector ID for each process, actual inspection data for each process, weld flaw detection report number, transport vehicle license plate number, outbound and inbound timestamps, installation team ID, installation completion timestamp, and final tightening torque value for interface connections.

[0166] After data integration is completed, a final digital twin model is formed. Each three-dimensional geometric object in this model is no longer merely an expression of the design, but a digital archive carrying all the historical process information of its corresponding physical entity.

[0167] Finally, a complete digital asset package is generated and delivered. In one embodiment, this asset package includes the following three components:

[0168] The final, data-complete digital twin model file (e.g., .rvt or .ifc format).

[0169] A data sheet exported from an IoT platform, conforming to the COBie (Building Operations Building Information Exchange) standard format. This data sheet organizes all asset information into a two-dimensional table format, facilitating direct import into the owner's Equipment Asset Management (EAM) or Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS).

[0170] Transfer of access rights to the project data in the IoT platform or the transfer of a complete database backup.

[0171] This digital asset package will be delivered to the project owner. During the subsequent operation and maintenance phase, the owner can directly retrieve all historical data and 3D models of any pipeline module from its EAM or CMMS system by scanning the QR code on the module, providing precise data support for maintenance, replacement, or renovation.

[0172] See attached document Figure 6 To support the closed-loop data process from digital design to final delivery in the aforementioned method, this invention constructs a modular unit full lifecycle dynamic management platform based on a cloud, edge, and terminal collaborative architecture.

[0173] The management platform is physically and logically divided into an edge perception layer, an edge computing layer, and a cloud service layer. The edge perception layer is primarily responsible for data collection and command execution. Its hardware includes, but is not limited to, handheld smart terminals (PDAs) at the construction site, smart tags (QRCode / RFID) affixed to pipe modules, controllers for automated processing equipment in the prefabrication plant, smart torque wrenches, and measuring robots. These devices connect to the network via industrial fieldbus or short-range wireless communication technology. The edge computing layer is deployed in the prefabrication plant workshop or construction site project department, consisting of edge gateways or local servers. This layer is responsible for cleaning, filtering, and preliminary analysis of the high-frequency, massive amounts of raw data generated at the edge, such as removing redundant data points from the measuring robot, and uploading the valid data to the cloud via MQTT or HTTP / HTTPS protocols through 5G / 4G or Wi-Fi 6 networks. The cloud service layer is deployed based on a microservice architecture, with its backend containing multiple independently deployed service units managed through container orchestration technology. Data storage adopts a multimodal strategy, namely, using relational databases to store structured business logic data, using time-series databases to store sensor time-series data, and using object storage services to store BIM model files and on-site image data.

[0174] The management platform comprises five core modules in terms of functional logic. First is the data center and BIM integration module, serving as the platform's digital foundation. It has a built-in BIM model parsing engine capable of directly reading design model files in IFC or RVT format. This engine automatically traverses all pipe components in the model, extracting their geometric dimensions, material specifications, connection types, and other attributes, mapping them to database fields. Simultaneously, it employs geometric compression and LOD dynamic loading technology to convert large source files into lightweight data streams suitable for web browsing, and automatically generates unique L-ID and QR code image data for each component based on a full lifecycle coding system. Second is the production management and quality traceability module. This module interfaces with the prefabrication plant's MES system, reverse-engineering the production plan based on the installation schedule and distributing processing parameters to the factory. It also establishes electronic work orders, recording the completion time, operators, and quality inspection results for each process, such as material cutting, assembly, and welding, achieving traceability through a single code.

[0175] Third is the logistics tracking module, which integrates GIS geographic information services. It uses vehicle-mounted positioning terminals to map transportation trajectories in real time and employs electronic fence technology to trigger automatic delivery reminders when vehicles enter the vicinity of the construction site. Fourth is the on-site installation collaboration module, running on a mobile app. It breaks down the installation plan into specific work orders and pushes them to the team leader's terminal. Each work order includes a work station number, a module list, and a 3D diagram. In optional embodiments, it also incorporates AR technology, using a camera to overlay virtual installation location guidance onto the real-world scene. Finally, there is the data visualization and analysis dashboard module, providing a large web screen display for management. It uses 4D progress simulation technology to combine the time dimension with a 3D model, dynamically displaying the comparison between the planned and actual progress, and providing real-time statistics on key KPIs such as installation pass rate and team efficiency.

[0176] The platform's data interaction primarily includes the information flow path from design to production and the data feedback path from the site to the cloud. In the design-to-production path, once the design is frozen and published, the system backend executes scripts to convert the geometric parameters in the BIM model into machining instruction codes or cutting lists recognizable by CNC machine tools. This is then directly pushed to the prefabrication factory server via API, simultaneously generating QR code printing instructions to achieve lossless transmission of design intent to production instructions. In the site-to-cloud path, when a worker confirms installation or scans a QR code on the app, the mobile device generates a JSON data packet containing L-ID, GPS coordinates, timestamp, and digital signature, and sends it to the cloud. Upon receiving the request, the cloud first verifies the preconditions for the operation, such as confirming whether the module has been shipped. If the verification passes, the database status field is updated, and a WebSocket message push is triggered, causing the color of the 3D model in the remote management dashboard to change instantly, achieving millisecond-level synchronization between the physical site and the digital twin.

[0177] See attached document Figure 7 Given the compact internal space and narrow aisles of multi-layer racking systems, traditional scissor lifts or boom lifts are difficult to access. This invention designs a lightweight, rapid assembly and disassembly tool system that utilizes the racking's own structural load-bearing capacity. The system mainly consists of two core components: a hook-on anti-slip ladder and an extendable scaffolding platform. Both are manufactured using 6061-T6 aerospace-grade aluminum alloy. While ensuring structural strength meets a safety factor of over 3.0, the weight of each tool is kept below 15kg, enabling single-person manual carrying and rapid deployment.

[0178] See attached document Figure 8Regarding the hook-on anti-slip ladder, its main body is welded from high-strength aluminum alloy profiles, and the top is designed with a dedicated double-hook hook-on mechanism. This hook-on mechanism includes two parallel inverted U-shaped hooks, with an adjustable inner opening width of 50mm to 100mm to accommodate different sizes of shelf beams. At the opening of the inverted U-shaped hook, a gravity-locking anti-detachment tongue structure is integrated. When the hook engages with the shelf beam from above, the tongue is pushed open by the beam; when the hook is fully seated on the beam, the tongue automatically resets and closes the opening under gravity or the action of an internal torsion spring, thus physically locking the vertical detachment path of the hook and preventing the ladder from accidentally being pushed upwards and detaching due to impact at the bottom. In addition, the bottom of the ladder is equipped with universal adjustable support feet, which are connected to the ladder frame via ball joints. The bottom is vulcanized with a high-friction coefficient rubber pad, which can adapt to minor unevenness in the ground, ensuring that the ladder does not slip or tip over under load. The ladder steps have a special knurled or serrated anti-slip treatment, and fluorescent marker strips are attached to the connection between the steps and the frame on both sides to adapt to the dimly lit construction environment inside the warehouse.

[0179] See attached document Figure 9 Regarding the extendable scaffolding platform, this component is used to create a temporary horizontal working platform between two rows of adjacent rack beams. The platform body adopts a sleeve-type telescopic structure, consisting of a main platform and a sliding auxiliary platform, which can be steplessly adjusted according to the actual width of the rack aisle. Both ends of the platform are equipped with C-type snap-locking devices, whose inner contours match the rectangular or interlocking beam cross-section of the rack beam, and are covered with polyurethane protective pads to increase friction while preventing damage to the powder-coated anti-corrosion layer of the rack surface. This locking device is driven by an eccentric cam quick-clamp. The operator simply places the platform on the two side beams and extends it to the appropriate length, then pulls the eccentric handle. The eccentric wheel presses against the side wall of the beam, and simultaneously locks the extension and retraction freedom of the platform through a linkage mechanism, instantly fixing the platform into a rigid horizontal platform. The platform surface is manufactured using a perforated and flanged process, forming dense raised anti-slip holes, ensuring excellent anti-slip performance, achieving lightweight design, and preventing water or dust accumulation.

[0180] To further enhance the safety of working at heights, the equipment is equipped with irreversible color-changing stress-sensing patches at key stress points, such as the base of the ladder hook and the bottom of the middle of the footplate. Based on stress-chromic material technology, these patches undergo a permanent color change (e.g., from white to red) once the tool is subjected to an impact load exceeding its yield strength during use. This visually signals to the operator that the tool's structure is damaged and its continued use is strictly prohibited, thus achieving passive monitoring of the tool's structural health.

Claims

1. A modular installation method for pipes within multi-layer racks based on BIM technology, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Digital design and virtual construction phase: Establish a three-dimensional information model, design pipeline routing based on dynamic avoidance principles, break down the pipeline system into discrete pipeline modules, bind a unique identifier code for the entire life cycle of each pipeline module, and import the data into the modular unit life cycle dynamic management platform; Intelligent prefabrication and lean logistics stage: Based on BIM data, digital processing instructions are generated to drive prefabrication. By scanning the unique identification code carrier on the pipeline module throughout its entire life cycle, the prefabrication progress, quality data and logistics status are correlated and controlled in the dynamic management platform for the entire life cycle of the modular unit. Digital-assisted installation phase: The installation coordinates in the BIM model are converted into on-site physical markers. The installers complete the physical connection of the pipe modules based on the on-site physical markers, and the installation completion status is triggered to be uploaded in real time by identifying the unique identifier code throughout the entire life cycle. Completion Acceptance and Digital Delivery Phase: The design BIM model is revised using measured data to generate the as-built BIM model. The entire process management data is integrated into the as-built BIM model through a unique lifecycle identifier to form a digital twin model for delivery.

2. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the digital design and virtual construction phase, the pipeline routing design and splitting based on the dynamic avoidance principle specifically includes: A three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope is generated based on the operating trajectory of the shelf storage and retrieval equipment. Collision detection is used to ensure that the spatial volume of the pipeline system does not interfere with the three-dimensional dynamic avoidance envelope. The pipeline system is divided into modules based on its physical connection nodes, and each individual pipeline module is designed to meet preset transport size and lifting weight thresholds.

3. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unique identifier throughout the entire lifecycle adopts a hierarchical coding structure, which includes spatial attribute information for positioning and system attribute information for classification. The digital design and virtual construction phase also includes a verification process: establishing virtual and physical templates containing pipes and racks, and correcting the virtual template model and establishing construction standards by comparing the trial installation data of the physical template with the design parameters of the virtual template.

4. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the intelligent prefabrication and lean logistics phase, the specific control over the correlation between prefabrication progress and quality data includes: Parse BIM model data to generate CNC machining code or material list; In the prefabrication process, the corresponding quality inspection standards are retrieved by identifying the unique identifier throughout the entire life cycle. The actual quality inspection data is uploaded to the platform and bound to the unique identifier throughout the entire life cycle. The qualified status of the process is used as a prerequisite for the transfer of modules.

5. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the digital-assisted installation phase, converting the installation coordinates in the BIM model into on-site physical markers specifically includes: Extract the 3D coordinate data of pipe support installation points from the BIM model; The three-dimensional coordinate data is read by an automated measuring robot, and the virtual coordinate points are projected onto the physical surface of the shelf structure by a laser projection device to form a visual physical positioning mark.

6. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer racking system based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the digitally assisted installation phase, the real-time upload of the installation completion status specifically includes: Identify the location markers in the shelf area to activate the installation task list for the corresponding workstation; After the physical connection is completed, the unique identifier of the pipeline module throughout its entire life cycle is identified for confirmation. After receiving the confirmation instruction, the modular unit life cycle dynamic management platform updates the module status and drives the specific parameters of the three-dimensional model in the life cycle dynamic management platform to change.

7. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the completion acceptance and digital delivery phase, the generation of the as-built BIM model and digital twin model specifically includes: Collect the three-dimensional data of the installed pipeline system entity, compare the three-dimensional data of the pipeline system entity with the original design BIM model, generate a deviation chromatogram to visually and intuitively display the deviation values ​​and locations, and adjust the geometric pose of the pipeline modules in the model based on the comparison results; Using the unique identifier throughout the entire lifecycle as the index key, the production, logistics, quality inspection and installation records of the modular unit's full lifecycle dynamic management platform database are extracted in batches and written into the attribute set of the as-built BIM model.

8. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer rack based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular installation method for pipes within multi-layer racks based on BIM technology also includes the following in the logistics management process: The modular unit's full lifecycle dynamic management platform generates delivery orders based on the on-site installation plan; In the process of entering and leaving the warehouse, the list is checked by identifying the unique identifier code throughout the entire life cycle, the circulation timestamp is recorded, and the components are stored in different areas and categories on site according to the spatial attribute information in the identifier code.

9. The modular installation method for pipes within a multi-layer racking system based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular unit full lifecycle dynamic management platform adopts a cloud-edge-device collaborative architecture for data interaction, specifically including: At the edge computing layer, edge gateways are used to clean and filter high-frequency raw data from end devices, and only valid status data is uploaded to the cloud through an encryption protocol. At the cloud service layer, after receiving a state change request and verifying its compliance, the database state field is updated, and a message is pushed to the front-end dashboard via a WebSocket long connection mechanism, triggering the real-time synchronous modification of relevant parameters in the digital twin model.

10. A modular installation tool for pipes within multi-layer racks based on BIM technology, characterized in that: The modular installation tool for pipes within the multi-layer racking system based on BIM technology includes a hook-on anti-slip ladder and extendable scaffolding planks, both of which utilize the racking system's own structure for load-bearing. The top of the hook-type anti-slip ladder is equipped with a double-hook hook mechanism, which includes an inverted U-shaped hook with an adjustable inner opening width and a gravity self-locking anti-detachment tongue. The bottom of the hook-type anti-slip ladder is equipped with an adaptive universal adjustable support foot. The extendable scaffolding platform adopts a sleeve-type telescopic structure. Both ends of the extendable scaffolding platform are equipped with C-type buckle locking devices adapted to the cross section of the shelf beam. The C-type buckle locking devices are driven to press and lock by an eccentric cam quick clamp. The tool has an irreversible color-changing stress-sensitive patch attached to the stressed part, which is used to issue a warning signal by causing a permanent color change when the tool is subjected to an impact load exceeding the yield strength.

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