Simulation experiment device and method for crater fracture formation
By using simulation experimental devices and methods, the process of volcanic eruption and collapse was simulated, which solved the problem that existing technologies could not simulate crater collapse, and enabled detailed recording and morphological understanding of crater fracture characteristics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively simulate the collapse process of craters, making it difficult to identify crater types, describe geomorphology, and study the grading of volcanic activity.
The simulation experimental setup, including a box model, an elastic container, and a fluid channel, simulates the expansion and contraction of a magma chamber by controlling the injection and discharge of fluid, thus simulating the volcanic eruption and collapse process.
It has enabled effective simulation of the formation process of crater fractures, recorded relevant characteristic information, and improved our understanding of crater morphology and fracture characteristics.
Smart Images
Figure CN121661899A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of earth science technology, and in particular to a simulation experimental apparatus and method for volcanic crater fracture formation. Background Technology
[0002] Research on volcanoes requires in-depth study of volcano type identification, geomorphological description, volcanic activity stages, the relationship between faults and mineralization, mineralized veins and magma evolution stages. The structural characteristics before the caldera, the structural characteristics of regional old strata, the shape and composition of the initial volcano, the formation age of the caldera, and the number of collapse events all need to be verified by different physical simulation experiments.
[0003] Current experiments simulating volcanic processes typically involve directly injecting fluids such as silica gel into the strata, but this method cannot simulate the process of crater collapse. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a simulation experimental device and method for the formation of crater fractures, which can simulate different stages of volcanic evolution in the crater area under study, and facilitate the recording of relevant characteristic information of crater fracture formation by staff.
[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a simulation experimental apparatus for volcanic crater fracture formation is provided, the apparatus comprising:
[0006] A box model simulating the crater area to be studied is used, and geological simulation materials are laid inside the box.
[0007] An elastic container simulating a magma chamber, wherein the elastic container is disposed at the bottom of the chamber and is connected to a fluid channel at the bottom of the chamber;
[0008] The fluid channel includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. Fluid is injected into the elastic container through the fluid inlet, and fluid is discharged from the elastic container through the fluid outlet.
[0009] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for simulating the formation of crater fractures is provided, the method comprising:
[0010] The fluid injection and discharge parameters are determined based on the time parameters of the crater under study.
[0011] According to the fluid injection parameters, fluid is injected into the elastic container from the fluid injection port;
[0012] After the fluid injection is completed, the fluid in the elastic container is discharged from the fluid discharge port according to the fluid discharge parameters;
[0013] The final crater morphology and / or fracture characteristics are determined based on the state of the box model after the fluid is discharged.
[0014] The volcanic crater fracture formation simulation experimental device of the present invention includes: a box model simulating the crater area to be studied, with geological simulation materials laid inside the box; an elastic container simulating a magma chamber, the elastic container being disposed at the bottom of the box and connected to a fluid channel at the bottom of the box; the fluid channel including a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, through which fluid is injected into the elastic container and discharged from the elastic container through the fluid outlet. The present invention simulates a magma chamber by setting an adjustable-size elastic container, and by performing fluid injection and discharge operations on the elastic container, it realizes the simulation of different stages in the volcanic evolution process of the crater area to be studied, facilitating the recording of relevant characteristic information of crater fracture formation by researchers, thereby improving the understanding of crater morphology.
[0015] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a simulation experimental device for volcanic crater fracture formation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 A flowchart of a simulation experiment method for volcanic crater fracture formation provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] It should be noted that the terms "candidate," "target," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation experimental device for crater fracture formation provided in an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to situations involving the physical simulation of crater fracture formation, and the device can perform simulation experimental methods for crater fracture formation. Figure 1 As shown, the simulation experimental device 10 for the formation of the volcanic crater fracture specifically includes:
[0022] Box model 110 is used to simulate the crater area to be studied, and geological simulation materials are laid inside the box.
[0023] The crater under study is the object of the simulation experiment, and it can be determined before the simulation experiment. Geological simulation materials are used to simulate the relevant geological composition of different geological layers in the crater area under study. For example, geological simulation materials can be sand bodies or rock particles of different materials such as quartz sand and glass sand.
[0024] Specifically, corresponding geological simulation materials can be laid inside the box model. During the laying process, the geological simulation materials can be laid layer by layer from the bottom of the box model upwards. The shape of the box model can be a cuboid with an open top or a cylinder with an open top, depending on the actual needs. Preferably, the side material of the box model is a material suitable for experimental observation; for example, the side material of the box model can be transparent glass.
[0025] As an optional but not limited approach, the experimental parameters of the geological simulation materials are determined based on the geological data of the crater area under study.
[0026] Among them, the experimental parameters of geological simulation materials refer to the property parameters that the geological simulation materials need to meet during the simulation experiment. The experimental parameters based on the geological simulation materials can reflect the specific geometric, kinematic, and dynamic relationships of the actual geological layers in the crater area under study. The experimental parameters of geological simulation materials can be determined based on the geological data of the crater area under study, which can be obtained based on actual exploration data and specific records.
[0027] Specifically, the experimental parameters for geological simulation materials include geometric dimensions, material type, and material properties.
[0028] Among them, geometric dimensions refer to the geometric property information of geological simulation materials when they are laid in the box model. Geometric dimensions include the thickness, area, length, width and shape of the laying.
[0029] Material type refers to the type of material that can be used to simulate the actual geological composition of the crater area under study. Material type can include different sand bodies such as quartz sand, glass sand and mineral sand.
[0030] Material properties refer to the characteristics of geological simulation materials that reflect the actual geological composition of the crater area under study. For example, using silica gel to simulate geological layers can reflect the fluidity of the layers; similarly, using different mesh sizes of quartz sand can reflect the lithology of the geological layers and the particle size of the quartz sand within them.
[0031] It should be noted that geological simulation materials are not limited to a single type; the specific types and quantities are determined based on the actual geological data of the crater area under study. The aim is to ensure that the geological model simulated by the geological simulation materials is as close as possible to the actual crater area under study in terms of geometry, composition, and geological characteristics.
[0032] After the geological simulation material is laid inside the chamber, the entire chamber model can be placed into a professional experimental mold for a preset leveling time. For example, leveling can be allowed for 2-3 hours to ensure that the geological simulation material is laid more evenly and flatly, reflecting the real geological conditions as closely as possible.
[0033] The elastic container 120 is used to simulate a magma chamber. The elastic container is located at the bottom of the chamber and is connected to the fluid channel at the bottom of the chamber.
[0034] A magma chamber is a storage space within a geological stratum formed to accumulate magma. Magma within a magma chamber accumulates or flows out as the volcano evolves. Therefore, an elastic container can be used to simulate a magma chamber. This elastic container can freely expand and contract within a certain range and can also return to its original state. Specifically, the elastic container is located at the bottom of a container, and its upper area can be covered by geological simulation material. Furthermore, the elastic container is connected to a fluid channel at the bottom of the container, allowing for subsequent fluid injection or discharge.
[0035] As an optional but not limited implementation, the elastic container in this embodiment is a balloon, and the size of the elastic container is determined according to the volcanic scale parameters of the crater area to be studied.
[0036] The volcano size parameter refers to the size information of the volcano. Specifically, the volcano size parameter of the crater area under study reflects the magma volume contained in that crater, thus determining the size of the required elastic container. The larger the magma volume of the volcano, the larger the required elastic container; the smaller the magma volume of the volcano, the smaller the required elastic container. In this embodiment, the elastic container can be a balloon, preferably made of a material that will not cause additional impact on the simulation experiment.
[0037] The fluid channel 130 includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. Fluid is injected into the elastic container through the fluid inlet and discharged from the elastic container through the fluid outlet.
[0038] The fluid channel serves as a conduit for fluid injection and discharge. It includes an injection port and an outlet. Fluid is injected into the elastic container through the injection port and discharged through the outlet. In this embodiment, injecting fluid into the elastic container simulates the evolution of a volcanic eruption; discharging fluid from the container simulates the post-eruption collapse. By injecting and discharging fluid into the elastic container, the evolution of both volcanic eruptions and post-eruption collapse can be simulated, enabling the simulation of different stages of a volcano in the crater region under study. This facilitates the visualization of morphological and fracture characteristics during corresponding periods of volcanic activity.
[0039] It should be noted that for the fluid to be injected into the elastic container, a fluid material with properties similar to the magma corresponding to the crater area under study can be selected. For example, considering the viscosity of the magma, silica gel can be chosen as the fluid injected into the elastic container.
[0040] As an optional but not limited implementation, in this embodiment, an injection control valve is configured at the fluid injection port to control the fluid injection speed and fluid injection volume; and a discharge control valve is configured at the fluid discharge port to control the fluid discharge speed and fluid discharge volume.
[0041] Because the accumulation and discharge of magma within a magma chamber occur at different rates during actual volcanic evolution, appropriate control valves can be installed during fluid injection and discharge using flexible containers to simulate the real conditions of the crater region under study as closely as possible. Specifically, an injection control valve can be installed at the fluid injection port to control the fluid injection rate and volume; and a discharge control valve can be installed at the fluid discharge port to control the fluid discharge rate and volume.
[0042] Among them, the fluid injection rate, fluid injection volume, fluid discharge rate, and fluid discharge volume can be determined based on the time parameters of the crater under study, which are the formation age and collapse age of the volcano.
[0043] As an optional but not limited implementation, the simulation experimental device for crater fracture formation also includes an image recording component, which includes at least two image acquisition devices for acquiring images of the top and sides of the box model.
[0044] The image recording component can be used to record information such as morphological changes and fracture features that occur during the evolution of a volcano. The image recording component includes at least two image acquisition devices: one for acquiring images of the top surface of the box model, and the other for acquiring images of the sides of the box model. The data acquired from the top surface of the box model includes morphological changes and fracture information related to the ground arching within the model, while the data acquired from the sides of the box model includes structural deformation features of the simulated geological layer's internal profile.
[0045] Both image acquisition devices can be set to take pictures at preset time intervals. The preset time interval can be determined based on the fluid injection speed or the fluid discharge speed, or it can be a fixed time interval set by the staff.
[0046] As an optional but not limited implementation, the simulation apparatus for crater fracture formation also includes a model processing component for freezing the chamber model.
[0047] The model processing component can be a cooler or a freezer. During the freezing process, sufficient freezing time must be ensured. For example, the box model can be frozen for 12 hours to ensure that the model can be accurately sliced for subsequent analysis of the structural deformation characteristics of the internal cross-section.
[0048] The present invention simulates a magma chamber by setting up an adjustable-size elastic container, and realizes the simulation of different stages in the volcanic evolution process of the crater area under study by performing fluid injection and fluid discharge operations on the elastic container. This facilitates the recording of relevant characteristic information of crater fracture formation by the staff, thereby improving the understanding of crater morphology.
[0049] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a simulation experiment method for crater fracture formation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to situations involving the physical simulation of crater fracture formation, and the method can be executed by a crater fracture formation simulation experiment device. Figure 2 As shown, the simulation experiment method for the formation of the crater fracture specifically includes:
[0050] S210. Determine the fluid injection parameters and fluid discharge parameters based on the time parameters of the crater to be studied.
[0051] The time parameters refer to the formation and collapse dates of the volcano. Based on these time parameters, the formation rate and magma volume of the volcano can be determined, thus allowing the identification of fluid injection and discharge parameters. Specifically, the fluid injection parameters include the fluid injection rate and volume, while the fluid discharge parameters include the fluid discharge rate and volume.
[0052] S220. According to the fluid injection parameters, inject fluid into the elastic container from the fluid injection port.
[0053] Specifically, based on the fluid injection rate and volume, fluid can be injected into the elastic container from the fluid injection port to simulate the evolution of a volcanic eruption.
[0054] As an optional but not limited implementation, injecting fluid into the elastic container from the fluid inlet may include the following steps A1-A2:
[0055] Step A1: During the fluid injection process, obtain the injection status of the box model at different injection stages.
[0056] The injection state of the box model refers to the state information of the geological simulation material laid inside the box during the fluid injection process. For example, a camera can be used to collect images of the box model at different injection stages, and the injection state of the box model can be determined based on the collected images.
[0057] During the fluid injection process, the box model will exhibit different states. Obtaining the injection state of the box model at different injection periods is equivalent to simulating and recording the evolution process of volcanic eruption in the crater, which has corresponding research significance.
[0058] Step A2: Determine the morphological characteristics and / or fracture characteristics of the first crater during the corresponding volcanic activity period based on the injection state of the box model.
[0059] The crater morphology features include craters and calderas. Fault features include ring-shaped faults, radial faults, and arc-shaped faults. The volcanic activity period corresponding to the injection state of the box model is the active period of the volcanic eruption process. Based on the injection state of the box model, the first crater morphology features and / or fault features corresponding to the volcanic activity period can be determined.
[0060] S230. After the fluid injection is completed, the fluid in the elastic container is discharged from the fluid discharge port according to the fluid discharge parameters.
[0061] Specifically, after the fluid injection is completed, the fluid in the elastic container can be discharged from the fluid outlet based on the fluid discharge rate and the fluid discharge volume, so as to simulate the evolution process of the collapse after a volcanic eruption.
[0062] As an optional but not limited implementation, discharging fluid from the flexible container through the fluid outlet may include the following steps B1-B2:
[0063] Step B1: During the fluid discharge process, obtain the discharge status of the box model at different discharge stages.
[0064] The discharge state of the box model refers to the state information of the geological simulation material laid in the box during the fluid discharge process. For example, a camera can be used to acquire images of the box model at different discharge stages, and the discharge state of the box model can be determined based on the acquired images. Obtaining the discharge state of the box model corresponding to different discharge stages is equivalent to simulating and recording the evolution process of the collapse after a volcanic eruption in the crater to be studied.
[0065] Step B2: Determine the morphological characteristics and / or fracture characteristics of the second crater corresponding to the volcanic activity period based on the discharge state of the box model.
[0066] The volcanic activity period corresponding to the discharge state of the box model is the period of collapse after the volcanic eruption. Based on the discharge state of the box model, the morphological characteristics and / or fault characteristics of the second crater corresponding to the volcanic activity period are determined.
[0067] S240. Determine the final crater morphology and / or fracture characteristics based on the state of the box model after the fluid is discharged.
[0068] After the fluid is drained from the box model, the simulation of the entire evolution process of the volcano is completed. Then, the final crater morphology and / or fracture characteristics can be determined based on the state of the box model after the fluid is drained.
[0069] The present invention simulates a magma chamber by setting up an adjustable-size elastic container, and realizes the simulation of different stages in the volcanic evolution process of the crater area under study by performing fluid injection and fluid discharge operations on the elastic container. This facilitates the recording of relevant characteristic information of crater fracture formation by the staff, thereby improving the understanding of crater morphology.
[0070] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.
[0071] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.
Claims
1. A simulation experimental device for volcanic crater fracture formation, characterized in that, The device includes: A box model simulating the crater area to be studied is used, and geological simulation materials are laid inside the box. An elastic container simulating a magma chamber, wherein the elastic container is disposed at the bottom of the chamber and is connected to a fluid channel at the bottom of the chamber; The fluid channel includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. Fluid is injected into the elastic container through the fluid inlet, and fluid is discharged from the elastic container through the fluid outlet.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The elastic container is a balloon, and its size is determined based on the volcanic scale parameters of the crater area to be studied.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, An injection control valve is provided at the fluid injection port to control the fluid injection speed and fluid injection volume; A discharge control valve is installed at the fluid outlet to control the fluid discharge speed and the fluid discharge volume.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The experimental parameters of the geological simulation material are determined based on the geological data of the crater area to be studied.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, in, The experimental parameters include geometric dimensions, material type, and material properties.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The device also includes an image recording component, which includes at least two image acquisition devices for acquiring images of the top and sides of the box model.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in, The device also includes a model processing component for freezing the box model.
8. A method for simulating the formation of crater fractures, applied to the simulating experimental apparatus for the formation of crater fractures as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method includes: The fluid injection and discharge parameters are determined based on the time parameters of the crater under study. According to the fluid injection parameters, fluid is injected into the elastic container from the fluid injection port; After the fluid injection is completed, the fluid in the elastic container is discharged from the fluid discharge port according to the fluid discharge parameters; The final crater morphology and / or fracture characteristics are determined based on the state of the box model after the fluid is discharged.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Injecting fluid from the fluid inlet into the elastic container includes: During the fluid injection process, the injection status of the box model at different injection stages is obtained; The morphological characteristics and / or fracture characteristics of the first crater during the corresponding volcanic activity period are determined based on the injection state of the box model.
10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Discharging fluid from the elastic container from the fluid outlet includes: During the fluid discharge process, the discharge status of the box model at different discharge stages is obtained; Based on the discharge state of the box model, determine the morphological characteristics and / or fracture characteristics of the second crater corresponding to the volcanic activity period.