Intelligent monitoring and cooling system device for transformer

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring and cooling system device for a transformer, relates to the technical field of transformer cooling, and provides the following scheme that the intelligent monitoring and cooling system device comprises a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module, a control module, a cooling execution module, a remote monitoring module, an early warning module and a communication module; the temperature monitoring module is used for collecting operation state parameters of the transformer and operation state parameters of the cooling execution module and transmitting the collected parameters to the data processing module. And the data processing module is used for receiving various monitoring data information sent by the temperature monitoring module and carrying out data preprocessing on the received data information. The real-time operation parameters of the transformer and the cooling system can be comprehensively monitored, meanwhile, the cooling intensity can be dynamically regulated and controlled, the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved, faults are early warned in real time, remote and manual control is supported, stable operation of system equipment is guaranteed by filtering impurities, and the operation safety and reliability of the transformer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer cooling technology, and in particular to a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in the power system, the operating temperature of a transformer directly affects its service life and the stable operation of the power system. During long-term operation, transformers generate a large amount of heat due to core losses and winding losses. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the internal temperature of the transformer will rise, which may not only accelerate the aging of insulation materials but also cause serious faults such as local overheating or even burnout, posing a great threat to power supply. Currently, most existing transformer cooling systems adopt traditional fixed-mode cooling methods, such as oil-immersed cooling and forced air cooling. These cooling methods have obvious shortcomings: Firstly, the operating status of the cooling system cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the actual temperature changes of the transformer. When the transformer load is low and the heat generation is small, the cooling... However, the system still operates at high power, resulting in a large waste of energy. On the other hand, the existing cooling system lacks an effective real-time monitoring and fault early warning mechanism. It can only be inspected by manual periodic inspections, which is not only inefficient and labor-intensive, but also makes it difficult to detect potential faults in the cooling system in time, such as cooling fan damage or oil circuit blockage. Once a fault occurs, it has often affected the normal operation of the transformer. In addition, some cooling systems with simple monitoring functions have only one monitoring parameter, which can only monitor the transformer oil temperature. It cannot fully reflect the internal thermal state of the transformer and the operating status of the cooling system. The accuracy and reliability of the monitoring data are also difficult to guarantee, and it cannot provide comprehensive and effective data support for the intelligent control of the cooling system. Therefore, designing a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device that can monitor the transformer's operating status and cooling system status in real time and comprehensively, realize intelligent control of the cooling system based on monitoring data, and also have a fault early warning function has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of transformer cooling technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device, which solves the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device includes a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module, a control module, a cooling execution module, a remote monitoring module, an early warning module, and a communication module; The temperature monitoring module is used to collect the operating status parameters of the transformer and the operating status parameters of the cooling execution module, and transmit the collected parameters to the data processing module; The data processing module is used to receive various monitoring data information sent by the temperature monitoring module, preprocess the received data information, and send the preprocessed data information to the control module. The control module is used to store the various data parameters collected by the temperature monitoring module, and to perform routine and stable operation control and power output for each module. The cooling execution module is used to receive cooling operation commands sent by the control module and to control the rapid cooling operation of the transformer. The remote monitoring module is used for remote monitoring of the transformer; The early warning module is used to issue an early warning signal when the threshold is exceeded.

[0005] Furthermore, the transformer operating status parameters include transformer core temperature, winding temperature, top oil temperature of the oil tank, bottom oil temperature of the oil tank, and transformer load current. The operating status parameters of the cooling execution module include cooling fan speed, cooling oil pump outlet pressure, cooling oil pump outlet temperature, and cooling medium level.

[0006] Furthermore, the temperature monitoring module includes multiple sensors for real-time acquisition of various data information from each monitoring point, and transmits the acquired data information to the data processing module through the communication module. The multiple sensors include a temperature sensor group, a current sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a speed sensor, and a humidity sensor. The temperature sensor group includes a core temperature sensor disposed on the surface of the transformer core, a winding temperature sensor embedded inside the transformer winding, a top oil temperature sensor installed on the top of the oil tank, a bottom oil temperature sensor installed on the bottom of the oil tank, and an outlet oil temperature sensor disposed at the outlet of the cooling oil pump. The current sensor is fitted onto the lead wire of the primary or secondary winding of the transformer and is used to collect the transformer load current. The pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the cooling oil pump to collect the outlet pressure of the cooling oil pump. The liquid level sensor is installed inside the cooling medium storage tank and is used to collect the liquid level of the cooling medium. The speed sensor is mounted on the shaft of the cooling fan and is used to collect the speed of the cooling fan. The humidity sensor is installed inside the transformer oil tank to collect humidity data inside the transformer oil tank and transmit the humidity data to the control module. When the humidity data inside the oil tank exceeds the preset humidity threshold, the control module controls the early warning module to issue a humidity exceeding warning signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the data processing module includes: The data receiving unit is used to receive temperature data transmitted by the temperature monitoring module; The data storage unit is used to store the received temperature data and system operating parameters; The data analysis unit is used to analyze and process the received temperature data, including calculating the real-time value, average value, and rate of change of temperature at each monitoring point, and comparing them with preset temperature thresholds to determine the transformer's operating status. Temperature thresholds include normal operating temperature thresholds, warning temperature thresholds, and emergency shutdown temperature thresholds. The calculation of the average temperature at each monitoring point reflects the temperature stability of that point (such as the core, winding, or oil temperature) within a set time period, avoiding misjudgments caused by instantaneous fluctuations. The formula is as follows: ; in, This refers to the average temperature (unit: °C) at a certain monitoring point, such as the average temperature of the iron core. Average winding temperature ; To set the number of samples within a time period, set the number according to actual needs, such as 5 samples per minute. ; The real-time temperature value (unit: °C) of the i-th sample; The control command generation unit generates corresponding control commands based on the analysis results of the data analysis unit. If the temperature at each monitoring point is within the normal operating temperature threshold range, a control command to maintain the current cooling intensity is generated. The temperature rise / fall trend is determined by the temperature change rate at the monitoring points. When the change rate is too large (such as a sudden temperature rise in a short period of time), an early warning can be triggered in advance to avoid responding only after the threshold is reached. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This represents the rate of temperature change (unit: °C / min), with positive values ​​indicating a temperature increase and negative values ​​indicating a temperature decrease. For a moment Temperature sample value (unit: °C); For a moment Temperature sample value (unit: °C); The time interval between two samplings (unit: min, e.g., set to 1 min); If the temperature at one or more monitoring points reaches the warning temperature threshold, a control command to increase the cooling intensity will be generated. If the temperature at one or more monitoring points reaches the emergency shutdown temperature threshold, a control command will be generated to stop the transformer operation and initiate emergency cooling.

[0008] Furthermore, the control module includes a microprocessor, a data cache unit, and a power management unit; The microprocessor is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring module, the cooling execution module, the communication module, the early warning module, and the data storage unit, respectively. The microprocessor has a preset cooling control strategy, which includes: 1. When the monitoring module collects the transformer winding temperature ≤Preset first temperature threshold At this time, control 1 / 3 of the cooling fans in the cooling fan group to run, and the cooling oil pump to run at low speed; 2. When the first temperature threshold Transformer winding temperature ≤Preset second temperature threshold At this time, control 2 / 3 of the cooling fans in the cooling fan group to run, and the cooling oil pump to run at medium speed; 3. When the transformer winding temperature >Second temperature threshold At this time, all cooling fans in the control cooling fan group are running, and the cooling oil pump is running at high speed; Among them, the first temperature threshold Set to 60-70℃, the second temperature threshold Set to 80-90℃; The control strategy formula is based on the transformer winding temperature ( The three-stage cooling strategy, used to determine the number of cooling fans and the speed of the cooling oil pump, is described by the following formula: ; in, The actual number of cooling fans in operation (unit: units), rounded up. Ensure at least one fan is running; The total number of cooling fan units (assuming 6 units are installed). ); Real-time temperature of transformer windings (unit: °C); The first temperature threshold is 60-70℃, such as the default setting of 65℃. This is the second temperature threshold (80-90℃, such as the default setting of 85℃). The cooling oil pump speed is divided into three levels: "low," "medium," and "high." Assuming a preset reference value for the speed of each level, the formula used to match the corresponding level is as follows: ; in, Real-time speed of cooling oil pump (unit: r / min); This is the reference value for low-speed gear (e.g., the default setting is 1000r / min, which can be adjusted via the human-machine interface unit). This is the reference value for the mid-speed gear (e.g., the default setting is 1500 r / min). This is the reference value for high-speed gears (e.g., the default setting is 2000 r / min). , , Consistent with the parameter definitions in the control strategy formula; The data caching unit is used to store parameter data collected by the monitoring module, preset temperature threshold, pressure threshold, liquid level threshold, and rotation speed threshold; The power management unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the control module, monitoring module, cooling execution module, communication module, and early warning module.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling execution module includes a main cooling unit, an auxiliary cooling unit, a cooling medium circulation adjustment unit, and a cooling fan assembly; The main cooling unit adopts a forced oil circulation air cooling device to provide cooling for the transformer during normal operation or slight overload. The auxiliary cooling unit uses a spray cooling device, which is installed on the surface of the radiator of the main cooling unit. It is used to improve the cooling efficiency in conjunction with the main cooling unit when the transformer temperature reaches the warning temperature threshold. The cooling medium circulation regulating unit includes a circulation pump, a flow control valve, a cooling medium temperature sensor, and a cooling medium circulation pipeline; The circulating pump is used to drive the cooling medium to circulate between the inside of the transformer and the cooling unit. The flow control valve is used to adjust the circulating flow rate of the cooling medium according to control commands; The cooling medium temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the cooling medium and feed the temperature data back to the data processing module so that the data processing module can further optimize the control commands. A filter is installed on the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The filter is located at the inlet end of the circulation pump and is used to filter impurities in the cooling medium to prevent impurities from clogging the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The cooling fan assembly includes multiple independently controlled cooling fans, and the multiple cooling fans are respectively located on different sides of the transformer oil tank; The circulating pump is connected to the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The inlet end of the cooling medium circulation pipeline is connected to the bottom of the transformer oil tank, and the outlet end is connected to the top of the transformer oil tank, forming a circulation loop of the cooling medium between the transformer oil tank and the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The operating status of both the cooling fan group and the circulating pump is controlled by the control module. The cooling medium circulation regulating unit adjusts the flow rate through a flow control valve. The flow rate is positively correlated with the oil pump speed, and this correlation can be established using the following formula: ; in, The cooling medium circulation flow rate (unit: L / min); The flow coefficient (unit: L / (min・r), is determined by the pump model and pipeline characteristics, such as 0.05 L / (min・r) in actual measurement); This refers to the real-time speed of the cooling oil pump (unit: r / min, same as the parameter in the cooling oil pump speed formula).

[0010] Furthermore, the remote monitoring module includes a remote server and a mobile terminal APP; The remote server is connected to the data processing module through the communication module, and is used to receive transformer temperature data, operating status information and control command execution status transmitted by the data processing module in real time, and to store and manage this data. The mobile terminal APP is connected to a remote server, allowing staff to view the transformer's operating status, temperature data, and cooling system operating parameters in real time, thus enabling remote real-time monitoring of the transformer.

[0011] Furthermore, the early warning module is electrically connected to the control module. When the parameters collected by the temperature monitoring module exceed the preset threshold in the data storage unit, the control module controls the early warning module to issue an early warning signal. The early warning module includes an audible and visual alarm unit and an SMS early warning unit. When the data analysis unit determines that the transformer temperature has reached the early warning temperature threshold or the emergency shutdown temperature threshold, the early warning module immediately issues an audible and visual alarm signal through the audible and visual alarm unit and sends an alarm message to the staff's mobile terminal through the SMS early warning unit, reminding the staff to take appropriate measures in a timely manner. The audible and visual alarm unit is located in the control room next to the transformer. The SMS early warning unit sends the early warning information to the maintenance personnel's mobile terminal through the communication module. The early warning module triggers the alarm based on whether the parameter exceeds the preset threshold, which is used to quantitatively determine the early warning status of each monitored parameter. Temperature parameter early warning judgment applies to all temperature-related parameters, including core temperature, winding temperature, top / bottom oil temperature of the oil tank, and cooling oil pump outlet temperature. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This is the real-time value of a certain temperature parameter (unit: °C). This is the normal operating threshold for this parameter (e.g., winding). (Customizable) This parameter represents the emergency stop threshold (e.g., for windings). (Based on industry standards) Non-temperature parameter early warning judgment, applicable to cooling oil pump outlet pressure ( ), cooling medium level ( ), cooling fan speed ( ), transformer load current ( ) and cooling medium flow rate ( Early warning judgment based on non-temperature parameters; The cooling oil pump outlet pressure ( The early warning system is used to monitor the operating status of the oil pump. Excessive pressure may indicate pipeline blockage, while insufficient pressure may indicate pump malfunction or media leakage. The formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time pressure at the outlet of the cooling oil pump (unit: MPa); This is the lower limit of normal operating pressure (e.g., 0.2 MPa, determined by the oil pump model). This is the upper limit of normal operating pressure (e.g., 0.5 MPa). Level 2 warning indicates an extreme situation (such as a sudden drop in pressure of more than 50% or a sudden increase of more than 50%), triggering an emergency shutdown to prevent equipment damage; The cooling medium level ( The early warning system is used to monitor the level of the cooling medium (such as transformer oil). A level that is too low may lead to decreased cooling efficiency, while a level that is too high may indicate abnormal water ingress or expansion. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time liquid level of cooling medium (unit: m, measured by liquid level sensor). This is the lower limit of the normal liquid level (e.g., 1 / 3 of the scale on the liquid level gauge). This is the upper limit of the normal liquid level (e.g., 2 / 3 of the scale on the liquid level gauge). The speed of the cooling fan ( The early warning system is used to monitor whether the fan is operating normally. Abnormal fan speed may indicate motor failure or fan blade jamming. The formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time speed of the cooling fan (unit: r / min); The target speed for the current gear (e.g., 1000 r / min for low gear, output by the control module); Allows for an error range of ±10% (normal fluctuations); if this range is exceeded, a warning will be issued, and if the fan is severely insufficient, it will automatically switch to the backup fan. Transformer load current ( The early warning system is used to monitor whether the transformer is overloaded. Overload will cause increased heat generation, requiring the cooling system to be activated to enhance heat dissipation. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time load current of the transformer (unit: A); The rated operating current of the transformer (unit: A); When a Level 1 warning occurs, the cooling intensity is automatically increased (e.g., the fan starts at full speed and the oil pump runs at high speed); when a Level 2 warning occurs, the load limit protection is triggered. Cooling medium flow rate ( The early warning system is used to monitor whether the cooling medium circulation is normal. Low flow rate may indicate pipe blockage or decreased oil pump efficiency. The formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time circulation flow rate of the cooling medium (unit: L / min); , This is within the normal flow range (determined by pipeline design and oil pump parameters, such as 50-150 L / min).

[0012] Furthermore, the communication module is used to realize data interaction between the control module and the remote monitoring center, transmit the parameter data collected by the temperature monitoring module and the control commands of the control module to the remote monitoring center, and receive the control commands issued by the remote monitoring center. The communication module adopts wireless communication and includes a GPRS submodule, a 4G submodule or a 5G submodule.

[0013] Furthermore, the control module also includes a human-computer interaction unit, which includes a display screen and operation buttons; The display screen is used to display the parameter data collected by the monitoring module, the operating status of the cooling execution module, and early warning information in real time; The operation buttons are used by maintenance personnel to manually set various preset thresholds and manually control the operating status of the cooling execution module.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention collects multiple parameters of the transformer core temperature, winding temperature, top oil temperature of the oil tank, bottom oil temperature of the oil tank, transformer load current, and cooling execution module through the monitoring module. It can comprehensively and accurately reflect the operating status of the transformer and the operating status of the cooling execution module, providing a reliable data foundation for intelligent control and fault early warning of the cooling system, and avoiding the problems of inaccurate control or missed fault detection caused by a single monitoring parameter. 2. This invention, by pre-setting a cooling control strategy based on transformer winding temperature within the control module, can dynamically adjust the number of operating cooling fans and the speed of cooling oil pumps according to the monitored transformer winding temperature, thereby achieving on-demand operation of the cooling system. When the transformer load is low and the temperature is low, the number of operating cooling fans and the speed of cooling oil pumps are reduced to effectively reduce energy consumption. When the transformer load is high and the temperature is high, the number of operating cooling fans and the speed of cooling oil pumps are increased to ensure that the transformer can dissipate heat in a timely manner and ensure its stable operation, achieving the best balance between energy saving and cooling effect. 3. This invention uses an early warning module to perform threshold monitoring and calculation. When any parameter collected by the monitoring module exceeds the preset threshold, the control module can promptly control the early warning module to issue an audible and visual early warning signal and send the early warning information to the mobile terminal of the maintenance personnel via SMS. This enables real-time early warning of faults, allowing maintenance personnel to obtain fault information immediately, perform timely inspection and maintenance, prevent the fault from escalating, effectively ensure the safe and stable operation of the transformer, and reduce the economic losses caused by the fault. 4. This invention enables data interaction between the control module and the remote monitoring center through the communication module. The remote monitoring center can obtain the operating data of the transformer and cooling system in real time and can remotely issue control commands to achieve remote monitoring and regulation. At the same time, the human-machine interaction unit set in the control module allows maintenance personnel to manually set thresholds and control the operating status of the cooling execution module on site. The combination of remote and manual control improves the flexibility of the device and meets the needs of different scenarios. 5. The present invention provides a filter at the inlet end of the cooling oil pump in the cooling medium circulation pipeline, which can effectively filter impurities in the cooling medium, prevent impurities from clogging the pipeline or damaging the cooling oil pump, and extend the service life of the cooling execution module. In addition, the power management unit provides a stable working power to each module, ensuring that the device can operate stably in complex power environments and improving the overall reliability of the device. In summary, this equipment can not only comprehensively monitor the real-time operating parameters of the transformer and cooling system, but also dynamically adjust the cooling intensity to achieve energy-saving and environmental protection effects. It also provides real-time fault warnings, supports remote and manual control, and ensures stable operation of the system by filtering impurities, thereby improving the safety and reliability of transformer operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an intelligent monitoring and cooling system for transformers proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a unit block diagram of the temperature monitoring module of a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a unit block diagram of the data processing module of a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a unit block diagram of the control module of a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a unit block diagram of the cooling execution module of a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a unit block diagram of the early warning module of a transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] Example, refer to Figure 1-6 A transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device includes a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module, a control module, a cooling execution module, a remote monitoring module, an early warning module, and a communication module; The temperature monitoring module is used to collect the operating status parameters of the transformer and the cooling execution module, and transmit the collected parameters to the data processing module. The transformer operating status parameters include the transformer core temperature, winding temperature, top oil temperature of the oil tank, bottom oil temperature of the oil tank, and transformer load current. The cooling execution module operating status parameters include the cooling fan speed, cooling oil pump outlet pressure, cooling oil pump outlet temperature, and cooling medium level. The temperature monitoring module includes multiple sensors to collect various data information from each monitoring point in real time, and transmits the collected data information to the data processing module through the communication module. The multiple sensors include a temperature sensor group, a current sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a speed sensor, and a humidity sensor. The temperature sensor group includes a core temperature sensor disposed on the surface of the transformer core, a winding temperature sensor embedded inside the transformer winding, a top oil temperature sensor installed on the top of the oil tank, a bottom oil temperature sensor installed on the bottom of the oil tank, and an outlet oil temperature sensor disposed at the outlet of the cooling oil pump. The current sensor is fitted onto the lead wire of the primary or secondary winding of the transformer to collect the transformer load current. A pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the cooling oil pump to collect the outlet pressure of the cooling oil pump; The liquid level sensor is installed inside the cooling medium storage tank to collect the liquid level of the cooling medium; The speed sensor is mounted on the shaft of the cooling fan to collect the speed of the cooling fan; The humidity sensor is installed inside the transformer oil tank to collect humidity data and transmit the humidity data to the control module. When the humidity data in the oil tank exceeds the preset humidity threshold, the control module controls the early warning module to issue a humidity over-limit warning signal. The data processing module is used to receive various monitoring data information sent by the temperature monitoring module, preprocess the received data information, and send the preprocessed data information to the control module. The control module is used to store the various data parameters collected by the temperature monitoring module, and to perform routine and stable operation control and power output for each module. The cooling execution module is used to receive cooling operation commands sent by the control module and to control the rapid cooling operation of the transformer. The remote monitoring module is used for remote monitoring of the transformer; The early warning module is used to issue an early warning signal when the threshold is exceeded.

[0019] In this invention, the data processing module includes: The data receiving unit is used to receive temperature data transmitted by the temperature monitoring module; The data storage unit is used to store the received temperature data and system operating parameters; The data analysis unit is used to analyze and process the received temperature data, including calculating the real-time value, average value, and rate of change of temperature at each monitoring point, and comparing them with preset temperature thresholds to determine the transformer's operating status. Temperature thresholds include normal operating temperature thresholds, warning temperature thresholds, and emergency shutdown temperature thresholds. The calculation of the average temperature at each monitoring point reflects the temperature stability of that point (such as the core, winding, or oil temperature) within a set time period, avoiding misjudgments caused by instantaneous fluctuations. The formula is as follows: ; in, This refers to the average temperature (unit: °C) at a certain monitoring point, such as the average temperature of the iron core. Average winding temperature ; To set the number of samples within a time period, set the number according to actual needs, such as 5 samples per minute. ; The real-time temperature value (unit: °C) of the i-th sample; The control command generation unit generates corresponding control commands based on the analysis results of the data analysis unit. If the temperature at each monitoring point is within the normal operating temperature threshold range, a control command to maintain the current cooling intensity is generated. The temperature rise / fall trend is determined by the temperature change rate at the monitoring points. When the change rate is too large (such as a sudden temperature rise in a short period of time), an early warning can be triggered in advance to avoid responding only after the threshold is reached. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This represents the rate of temperature change (unit: °C / min), with positive values ​​indicating a temperature increase and negative values ​​indicating a temperature decrease. For a moment Temperature sample value (unit: °C); For a moment Temperature sample value (unit: °C); The time interval between two samplings (unit: min, e.g., set to 1 min); If the temperature at one or more monitoring points reaches the warning temperature threshold, a control command to increase the cooling intensity will be generated. If the temperature at one or more monitoring points reaches the emergency shutdown temperature threshold, a control command will be generated to stop the transformer operation and initiate emergency cooling.

[0020] In this invention, the control module includes a microprocessor, a data cache unit, and a power management unit; The microprocessor is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring module, cooling execution module, communication module, early warning module, and data storage unit. The microprocessor has a pre-set cooling control strategy, which includes: 1. When the monitoring module collects the transformer winding temperature ≤Preset first temperature threshold At this time, control 1 / 3 of the cooling fans in the cooling fan group to run, and the cooling oil pump to run at low speed; 2. When the first temperature threshold Transformer winding temperature ≤Preset second temperature threshold At this time, control 2 / 3 of the cooling fans in the cooling fan group to run, and the cooling oil pump to run at medium speed; 3. When the transformer winding temperature >Second temperature threshold At this time, all cooling fans in the control cooling fan group are running, and the cooling oil pump is running at high speed; Among them, the first temperature threshold Set to 60-70℃, second temperature threshold Set to 80-90℃; The control strategy formula is based on the transformer winding temperature ( The three-stage cooling strategy, used to determine the number of cooling fans and the speed of the cooling oil pump, is described by the following formula: ; in, The actual number of cooling fans in operation (unit: units), rounded up. Ensure at least one fan is running; The total number of cooling fan units (assuming 6 units are installed). ); Real-time temperature of transformer windings (unit: °C); The first temperature threshold is 60-70℃, such as the default setting of 65℃. This is the second temperature threshold (80-90℃, such as the default setting of 85℃). The cooling oil pump speed is divided into three levels: "low," "medium," and "high." Assuming a preset reference value for the speed of each level, the formula used to match the corresponding level is as follows: ; in, Real-time speed of cooling oil pump (unit: r / min); This is the reference value for low-speed gear (e.g., the default setting is 1000r / min, which can be adjusted via the human-machine interface unit). This is the reference value for the mid-speed gear (e.g., the default setting is 1500 r / min). This is the reference value for high-speed gears (e.g., the default setting is 2000 r / min). , , Consistent with the parameter definitions in the control strategy formula; The data caching unit is used to store parameter data collected by the monitoring module, preset temperature thresholds, pressure thresholds, liquid level thresholds, and rotation speed thresholds; The power management unit provides a stable power supply for the control module, monitoring module, cooling execution module, communication module, and early warning module.

[0021] In this invention, the cooling execution module includes a main cooling unit, an auxiliary cooling unit, a cooling medium circulation adjustment unit, and a cooling fan assembly; The main cooling unit uses a forced oil circulation air cooling device to provide cooling for the transformer during normal operation or when it is slightly overloaded. The auxiliary cooling unit uses a spray cooling device, which is installed on the surface of the radiator of the main cooling unit. It is used to improve the cooling efficiency in conjunction with the main cooling unit when the transformer temperature reaches the warning temperature threshold. The cooling medium circulation regulating unit includes a circulation pump, a flow control valve, a cooling medium temperature sensor, and a cooling medium circulation pipeline; The circulating pump is used to drive the cooling medium to circulate between the transformer and the cooling unit; Flow control valves are used to adjust the circulating flow rate of the cooling medium according to control commands; The cooling medium temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the cooling medium and feed the temperature data back to the data processing module so that the data processing module can further optimize the control commands; A filter is installed on the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The filter is located at the inlet end of the circulation pump and is used to filter impurities in the cooling medium to prevent impurities from clogging the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The cooling fan assembly includes multiple independently controlled cooling fans, which are respectively located on different sides of the transformer tank. The circulating pump is connected to the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The inlet end of the cooling medium circulation pipeline is connected to the bottom of the transformer oil tank, and the outlet end is connected to the top of the transformer oil tank, forming a circulation loop of the cooling medium between the transformer oil tank and the cooling medium circulation pipeline. The operating status of both the cooling fan group and the circulating pump is controlled by the control module. The cooling medium circulation regulating unit adjusts the flow rate through a flow control valve. The flow rate is positively correlated with the oil pump speed, and this correlation can be established using the following formula: ; in, The cooling medium circulation flow rate (unit: L / min); The flow coefficient (unit: L / (min・r), is determined by the pump model and pipeline characteristics, such as 0.05 L / (min・r) in actual measurement); This refers to the real-time speed of the cooling oil pump (unit: r / min, same as the parameter in the cooling oil pump speed formula).

[0022] In this invention, the remote monitoring module includes a remote server and a mobile terminal APP; The remote server is connected to the data processing module through the communication module to receive transformer temperature data, operating status information and control command execution status transmitted by the data processing module in real time, and to store and manage this data. The mobile app connects to a remote server, allowing staff to view the transformer's operating status, temperature data, and cooling system parameters in real time, thus enabling remote real-time monitoring of the transformer.

[0023] In this invention, the early warning module is electrically connected to the control module. When the parameters collected by the temperature monitoring module exceed the preset threshold in the data storage unit, the control module controls the early warning module to issue an early warning signal. The early warning module includes an audible and visual alarm unit and an SMS early warning unit. When the data analysis unit determines that the transformer temperature has reached the early warning temperature threshold or the emergency shutdown temperature threshold, the early warning module immediately issues an audible and visual alarm signal through the audible and visual alarm unit and sends an alarm message to the staff's mobile terminal through the SMS early warning unit, reminding the staff to take appropriate measures in a timely manner. The audible and visual alarm unit is located in the control room next to the transformer. The SMS early warning unit sends the early warning information to the mobile terminal of the maintenance personnel through the communication module. The early warning module triggers the alarm based on whether the parameter exceeds the preset threshold, which is used to quantitatively determine the early warning status of each monitored parameter. Temperature parameter early warning judgment applies to all temperature-related parameters, including core temperature, winding temperature, top / bottom oil temperature of the oil tank, and cooling oil pump outlet temperature. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, This is the real-time value of a certain temperature parameter (unit: °C). This is the normal operating threshold for this parameter (e.g., winding). (Customizable) This parameter represents the emergency stop threshold (e.g., for windings). (Based on industry standards) Non-temperature parameter early warning judgment, applicable to cooling oil pump outlet pressure ( ), cooling medium level ( ), cooling fan speed ( ), transformer load current ( ) and cooling medium flow rate ( Early warning judgment based on non-temperature parameters; Cooling oil pump outlet pressure ( The early warning system is used to monitor the operating status of the oil pump. Excessive pressure may indicate pipeline blockage, while insufficient pressure may indicate pump malfunction or media leakage. The formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time pressure at the outlet of the cooling oil pump (unit: MPa); This is the lower limit of normal operating pressure (e.g., 0.2 MPa, determined by the oil pump model). This is the upper limit of normal operating pressure (e.g., 0.5 MPa). Level 2 warning indicates an extreme situation (such as a sudden drop in pressure of more than 50% or a sudden increase of more than 50%), triggering an emergency shutdown to prevent equipment damage; Cooling medium level ( The early warning system is used to monitor the level of the cooling medium (such as transformer oil). A level that is too low may lead to decreased cooling efficiency, while a level that is too high may indicate abnormal water ingress or expansion. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time liquid level of cooling medium (unit: m, measured by liquid level sensor). This is the lower limit of the normal liquid level (e.g., 1 / 3 of the scale on the liquid level gauge). This is the upper limit of the normal liquid level (e.g., 2 / 3 of the scale on the liquid level gauge). Cooling fan speed ( The early warning system is used to monitor whether the fan is operating normally. Abnormal fan speed may indicate motor failure or fan blade jamming. The formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time speed of the cooling fan (unit: r / min); The target speed for the current gear (e.g., 1000 r / min for low gear, output by the control module); Allows for an error range of ±10% (normal fluctuations); if this range is exceeded, a warning will be issued, and if the fan is severely insufficient, it will automatically switch to the backup fan. Transformer load current ( The early warning system is used to monitor whether the transformer is overloaded. Overload will cause increased heat generation, requiring the cooling system to be activated to enhance heat dissipation. The calculation formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time load current of the transformer (unit: A); The rated operating current of the transformer (unit: A); When a Level 1 warning occurs, the cooling intensity is automatically increased (e.g., the fan starts at full speed and the oil pump runs at high speed); when a Level 2 warning occurs, the load limit protection is triggered. Cooling medium flow rate ( The early warning system is used to monitor whether the cooling medium circulation is normal. Low flow rate may indicate pipe blockage or decreased oil pump efficiency. The formula is as follows: ; in, Real-time circulation flow rate of the cooling medium (unit: L / min); , This is within the normal flow range (determined by pipeline design and oil pump parameters, such as 50-150 L / min).

[0024] In this invention, the communication module is used to realize data interaction between the control module and the remote monitoring center, transmit the parameter data collected by the temperature monitoring module and the control commands of the control module to the remote monitoring center, and receive the control commands issued by the remote monitoring center. The communication module adopts wireless communication and includes a GPRS submodule, a 4G submodule or a 5G submodule.

[0025] In this invention, the control module further includes a human-computer interaction unit, which includes a display screen and operation buttons; The display screen is used to display the parameter data collected by the monitoring module, the operating status of the cooling execution module, and early warning information in real time; The operation buttons are used by maintenance personnel to manually set various preset thresholds and manually control the operating status of the cooling execution module.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device, characterized in that, It includes a temperature monitoring module, a data processing module, a control module, a cooling execution module, a remote monitoring module, an early warning module, and a communication module; The temperature monitoring module is used to collect the operating status parameters of the transformer and the operating status parameters of the cooling execution module, and transmit the collected parameters to the data processing module; The data processing module is used to receive various monitoring data information sent by the temperature monitoring module, preprocess the received data information, and send the preprocessed data information to the control module. The control module is used to store the various data parameters collected by the temperature monitoring module, and to perform routine and stable operation control and power output for each module. The cooling execution module is used to receive cooling operation commands sent by the control module and to control the rapid cooling operation of the transformer. The remote monitoring module is used for remote monitoring of the transformer; The early warning module is used to issue an early warning signal when the threshold is exceeded.

2. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transformer operating status parameters include transformer core temperature, winding temperature, top oil temperature of the oil tank, bottom oil temperature of the oil tank, and transformer load current. The operating status parameters of the cooling execution module include cooling fan speed, cooling oil pump outlet pressure, cooling oil pump outlet temperature, and cooling medium level.

3. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature monitoring module includes multiple sensors for real-time collection of various data information from each monitoring point, and transmits the collected data information to the data processing module through the communication module. The multiple sensors include a temperature sensor group, a current sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid level sensor, a speed sensor, and a humidity sensor. The temperature sensor group includes a core temperature sensor disposed on the surface of the transformer core, a winding temperature sensor embedded inside the transformer winding, a top oil temperature sensor installed on the top of the oil tank, a bottom oil temperature sensor installed on the bottom of the oil tank, and an outlet oil temperature sensor disposed at the outlet of the cooling oil pump. The current sensor is fitted onto the lead wire of the primary or secondary winding of the transformer and is used to collect the transformer load current. The pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the cooling oil pump to collect the outlet pressure of the cooling oil pump. The liquid level sensor is installed inside the cooling medium storage tank and is used to collect the liquid level of the cooling medium. The speed sensor is mounted on the shaft of the cooling fan and is used to collect the speed of the cooling fan. The humidity sensor is installed inside the transformer oil tank to collect humidity data inside the transformer oil tank and transmit the humidity data to the control module.

4. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module includes: The data receiving unit is used to receive temperature data transmitted by the temperature monitoring module; The data storage unit is used to store the received temperature data and system operating parameters; The data analysis unit is used to analyze and process the received temperature data, including calculating the real-time value, average value, and rate of change of temperature at each monitoring point, and comparing them with preset temperature thresholds to determine the operating status of the transformer. The control command generation unit generates corresponding control commands based on the analysis results of the data analysis unit. If the temperature at each monitoring point is within the normal operating temperature threshold range, a control command to maintain the current cooling intensity is generated.

5. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a microprocessor, a data cache unit, and a power management unit. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring module, the cooling execution module, the communication module, the early warning module, and the data storage unit, respectively. The data caching unit is used to store parameter data collected by the monitoring module, preset temperature threshold, pressure threshold, liquid level threshold, and rotation speed threshold; The power management unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the control module, monitoring module, cooling execution module, communication module, and early warning module.

6. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling execution module includes a main cooling unit, an auxiliary cooling unit, a cooling medium circulation regulation unit, and a cooling fan assembly; The main cooling unit adopts a forced oil circulation air cooling device to provide cooling for the transformer during normal operation or slight overload. The auxiliary cooling unit uses a spray cooling device, which is installed on the surface of the radiator of the main cooling unit. It is used to improve the cooling efficiency in conjunction with the main cooling unit when the transformer temperature reaches the warning temperature threshold. The cooling medium circulation regulating unit includes a circulation pump, a flow control valve, a cooling medium temperature sensor, and a cooling medium circulation pipeline; The circulating pump is used to drive the cooling medium to circulate between the inside of the transformer and the cooling unit. The flow control valve is used to adjust the circulating flow rate of the cooling medium according to control commands; The cooling medium temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the cooling medium and feed the temperature data back to the data processing module so that the data processing module can further optimize the control commands. The cooling fan assembly includes multiple independently controlled cooling fans, which are respectively located on different sides of the transformer tank.

7. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote monitoring module includes a remote server and a mobile terminal APP; The remote server is connected to the data processing module through a communication module, and is used to receive transformer temperature data, operating status information and control command execution status transmitted by the data processing module in real time, and to store and manage this data. The mobile terminal APP is connected to a remote server, allowing staff to view the transformer's operating status, temperature data, and cooling system operating parameters in real time, thus enabling remote real-time monitoring of the transformer.

8. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The early warning module is electrically connected to the control module. When the parameters collected by the temperature monitoring module exceed the preset threshold in the data storage unit, the control module controls the early warning module to issue an early warning signal. The early warning module includes an audible and visual alarm unit and an SMS early warning unit. When the data analysis unit determines that the transformer temperature has reached the early warning temperature threshold or the emergency shutdown temperature threshold, the early warning module immediately issues an audible and visual alarm signal through the audible and visual alarm unit and sends an alarm message to the staff's mobile terminal through the SMS early warning unit, reminding the staff to take appropriate measures in a timely manner. The audible and visual alarm unit is located in the control room next to the transformer, and the SMS early warning unit sends the early warning information to the mobile terminal of the maintenance personnel through the communication module.

9. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module is used to realize data interaction between the control module and the remote monitoring center, transmit the parameter data collected by the temperature monitoring module and the control commands of the control module to the remote monitoring center, and receive the control commands issued by the remote monitoring center. The communication module adopts wireless communication and includes a GPRS submodule, a 4G submodule or a 5G submodule.

10. The transformer intelligent monitoring and cooling system device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module also includes a human-computer interaction unit, which includes a display screen and operation buttons. The display screen is used to display the parameter data collected by the monitoring module, the operating status of the cooling execution module, and early warning information in real time; The operation buttons are used by maintenance personnel to manually set various preset thresholds and manually control the operating status of the cooling execution module.

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