Drop type blocker with coaxial Z-shaped alternate connection structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a drop-out blocker with a coaxial Z-shaped alternate connection structure, and relates to the technical field of high-voltage current-limiting fuses, a plurality of annular capacitor modules are connected end to end, the annular capacitor modules at the two ends are connected with a first connector and a second connector respectively, a transition connecting piece is installed between the annular capacitor modules, and the transition connecting piece is connected with the annular capacitor modules. The annular capacitor modules are electrically connected, a layer of cylindrical insulating shell is poured on the outer side walls of the annular capacitor modules, and the first connector and the second connector extend out of the insulating shell. The invention provides a coaxial array Z-shaped alternating series structure aiming at the core defects of uneven electric field distribution, low direct current voltage withstanding level and poor space utilization rate in the existing technology of stacking electronic components in a slender insulating shell. The objective of the invention is to solve the technical problem that high voltage resistance, uniform electric field distribution and high mechanical reliability are difficult to realize in a narrow space in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage current-limiting fuse technology, and in particular to a drop-out interrupter with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure. Background Technology

[0002] In 10kV distribution networks, voltage transformers (PTs) have grounded neutral points, but their windings exhibit low resistance to DC. When using DC test instruments or insulation resistance meters to locate line faults, the high-voltage DC signal is directly bypassed to ground by the PT windings, preventing the establishment of an effective test voltage. Currently, although manual disconnection of the PT primary side fuse can be used for physical isolation, this operation requires maintenance personnel to travel to and from the tower site, resulting in numerous drawbacks such as cumbersome operation, time-consuming and labor-intensive work, prolonged power outage time, and increased safety risks. This is particularly problematic in complex environments such as mountainous areas, severely hindering the efficiency of rapid fault diagnosis and power restoration.

[0003] Therefore, existing drop-out fuses address this issue by installing a smart interruptor in series at one end of the fuse. When the line is operating normally, the PT smart interruptor automatically connects the PT to the main line, ensuring reliable output from the PT secondary winding. When a DC high-voltage tester is used for line inspection or fault detection, it automatically disconnects the PT from the main line, ensuring that the DC high voltage from the tester does not pass through the PT to ground, allowing the DC high-voltage tester to boost voltage normally for normal line testing. When an AC tester is used to test the PT, the PT smart interruptor automatically connects the AC channel between the PT and the line, ensuring the AC tester can test the PT. When a DC tester is used to detect a fault in the line, the PT smart interruptor automatically disconnects the PT from the main line, preventing DC from short-circuiting to ground through the PT, ensuring the DC tester can boost voltage normally.

[0004] However, within the slender, semi-enclosed space of a circuit breaker, the stacking of ordinary electronic components results in significant uneven electric field distribution, making them highly susceptible to surface flashover or breakdown under high DC voltage. Furthermore, existing structures struggle to simultaneously address the contradictions of DC withstand voltage, power frequency heat dissipation, and mechanical vibration resistance within a limited volume. Therefore, a drop-out circuit breaker with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the core shortcomings of existing electronic component stacking technologies within slender insulating housings, such as uneven electric field distribution, low DC withstand voltage, and poor space utilization, a Z-shaped alternating series structure of a coaxial array is proposed. This aims to solve the technical problem of achieving high withstand voltage, uniform electric field distribution, and high mechanical reliability within the confined space of a standard drop-out circuit breaker. The specific technical solution is as follows: A drop-out interrupter with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure includes an insulating shell, a first connector, a second connector, ring capacitor modules, and transition connectors. Multiple ring capacitor modules are connected end to end, and the ring capacitor modules at both ends are respectively connected to the first connector and the second connector. The transition connectors are installed between the ring capacitor modules to make them electrically connected. A cylindrical insulating shell is cast on the outer wall of the multiple ring capacitor modules. The first connector and the second connector both extend outside the insulating shell.

[0006] Preferably, there are at least two ring capacitor modules.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of said annular capacitor modules are arranged linearly along the axial direction of the insulating shell within the insulating shell.

[0008] Preferably, the annular capacitor module includes an inner ring electrode, an outer ring electrode, and an annular dielectric layer, wherein the outer ring electrode is sleeved on the inner ring electrode, and the annular dielectric layer fills the space between the outer ring electrode and the inner ring electrode.

[0009] Preferably, both the inner and outer ring electrodes are cylindrical conductors, the annular dielectric layer is a conductive medium, and the inner ring electrode, outer ring electrode, and annular dielectric layer form a coaxial cylindrical structure.

[0010] Preferably, the transition connector is tapered, with one end connected to the inner ring electrode and the other end connected to the outer ring electrode. The first connector is connected to the inner ring electrode of the nearest annular capacitor module, and the second connector is connected to the outer ring electrode of the nearest annular capacitor module.

[0011] Preferably, after the current flows in through the first connector, it is first conducted to the inner ring electrode, then through the annular dielectric layer to the outer ring electrode and flows out. After flowing out, the current is conducted through the transition connector to the next adjacent inner ring electrode. The current is conducted in this manner between each inner ring electrode, the annular dielectric layer, the outer ring electrode and the transition connector until it flows out through the second connector.

[0012] Preferably, a voltage equalizing resistor network is installed inside the insulating shell, the voltage equalizing resistor network is connected to the outer wall of the ring capacitor module, and the voltage equalizing resistor network is connected in parallel with each ring capacitor module.

[0013] Preferably, the voltage equalizing resistor network has a double helix structure and is wound around the outer wall of the annular capacitor module.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, by placing an outer ring electrode on an inner ring electrode and filling the space between the outer and inner ring electrodes with an annular dielectric layer, establishes an electric field within each independent annular capacitor module between the coaxial inner and outer ring electrodes. The electric field lines are perpendicular to the axis and radiate from the inner electrode to the outer electrode, forming a uniform radial distribution. This achieves a uniform electric field distribution within the blocker, preventing surface flashover or breakdown under DC high voltage.

[0015] 2. The current path of the interruptor provided by this invention, in its axial cross-sectional view, is as follows: the current flows radially from the center (inner ring electrode) of the annular capacitor module to the periphery (outer ring electrode), then transitions axially and radially inward through a transition connector to the center (inner ring electrode) of the next annular capacitor module, and then again flows radially to the periphery (outer ring electrode), repeating continuously. This path is Z-shaped or stepped in the cross-section. The Z-shaped connection causes the main electric field direction (radial) of adjacent modules to alternate axially. Compared with the traditional stacking method that forms a continuous potential difference in the tube wall direction, the Z-shaped structure decomposes the total voltage into the interior of each independent coaxial module. This alternation cancels out the continuous and strong axial electric field component along the insulating outer shell wall direction, thereby greatly suppressing the risk of creepage along the tube wall.

[0016] 3. By effectively dividing and confining the internal high-voltage electric field of the entire blocking device to the dielectric layer of each module, the present invention avoids the concentration of the electric field on the insulating support or air gap, and further avoids the blocking device from surface flashover or breakdown under DC high voltage. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state of the ring capacitor module of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front sectional view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the winding equalizing resistor network of the ring capacitor module of the present invention.

[0019] 1. Ring capacitor module; 11. Outer ring electrode; 12. Inner ring electrode; 13. Ring dielectric layer; 2. Transition connector; 3. Voltage equalizing resistor network. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] Example 1 refer to Figures 1 to 2 A drop-out interrupter with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure includes an insulating shell, a first connector, a second connector, a ring capacitor module 1, and a transition connector 2. The first and second connectors connect a fuse tube and a support, connecting the interrupter in series with the fuse tube. Multiple ring capacitor modules 1 are connected end-to-end, arranged linearly along the axis of the insulating shell. The ring capacitor modules 1 at both ends are connected to the first and second connectors, respectively, for current input and output. An insulating shell, made of resin and polymer materials, is cast onto the outer wall of each ring capacitor module 1 to protect the ring capacitor module 1 and the transition connector 2. The insulating shell is cylindrical, and both the first and second connectors extend beyond it. The transition connector 2 is welded between the ring capacitor modules 1, electrically connecting them. The ring capacitor modules 1 allow current to diffuse radially, and the transition connector 2, in conjunction with the transition connector 2, reduces the surface electric field strength.

[0024] The toroidal capacitor module 1 includes an inner ring electrode 12, an outer ring electrode 11, and a toroidal dielectric layer 13. The outer ring electrode 11 is sleeved on the inner ring electrode 12, and the toroidal dielectric layer 13 fills the space between the outer ring electrode 11 and the inner ring electrode 12. Both the inner ring electrode 12 and the outer ring electrode 11 are cylindrical conductors. Current enters from the inner ring electrode 12 of the first toroidal capacitor module 1, flows through the toroidal dielectric layer 13, and is conducted to the outer ring electrode 11. Therefore, there is a voltage difference between the outer ring electrode 11 and the inner ring electrode 12, and the electric field lines are perpendicular to the axis and radiate from the inner electrode to the outer electrode.

[0025] The annular dielectric layer 13 is a conductive medium, such as a solid polymer film. The inner ring electrode 12, the outer ring electrode 11, and the annular dielectric layer 13 form a coaxial cylindrical structure. This coaxial structure ensures that the thickness of the annular dielectric layer 13 is uniform in each direction, allowing current to diffuse uniformly radially from the inner ring electrode 12 to the outer ring electrode 11. This results in a uniform and stable voltage and electric field between the outer ring electrode 11 and the inner ring electrode 12. This achieves a uniform electric field distribution within the circuit breaker, preventing surface flashover or breakdown under high DC voltage.

[0026] The transition connector 2 is tapered, with one end welded to the inner ring electrode 12 and the other end welded to the outer ring electrode 11. The transition connector 2 is a conductive ring or a metal spring, used to smoothly collect current from the large-diameter outer ring electrode 11 to the small-diameter inner ring electrode 12, preventing tip discharge. The first connector is connected to the inner ring electrode 12 of the nearest annular capacitor module 1, and the second connector is connected to the outer ring electrode 11 of the nearest annular capacitor module 1.

[0027] The current path is as follows: it flows radially from the center (inner ring electrode 12) of the ring capacitor module 1 to the periphery (outer ring electrode 11), then transitions axially and radially inward through the transition connector 2 to the center (inner ring electrode 12) of the next ring capacitor module 1, and then flows radially outward again (outer ring electrode 11), repeating continuously. This path is Z-shaped or stepped in cross-section. The Z-shaped connection causes the main electric field direction (radial) of adjacent modules to alternate axially. Compared with the traditional stacking method that forms a continuous potential difference in the tube wall direction, the Z-shaped structure decomposes the total voltage into the interior of each independent coaxial module. This alternation cancels out the continuous and strong axial electric field component along the insulating outer shell wall direction, thereby effectively suppressing the formation of a continuous strong axial electric field along the tube wall and reducing the risk of surface creepage.

[0028] Meanwhile, by effectively dividing and confining the internal high-voltage electric field of the entire blocker to the dielectric layer of each module, the concentration of the electric field on the insulating support or air gap is avoided, further preventing the blocker from experiencing surface flashover or breakdown under DC high voltage.

[0029] Example 2 Reference Figure 3 Based on Embodiment 1, a spirally arranged voltage-equalizing resistor network 3 is provided inside the insulating shell. This voltage-equalizing resistor network 3 is constructed by double-helix winding of metal wire, extending along the outer side of the annular capacitor module 1 array. It is electrically connected to the annular capacitor module at multiple axial nodes (the connection points between the outer ring electrode 11 and the transition connector 2), thereby forming segmented voltage-equalizing pathways. Because the potential distribution of the resistor network 3 is constrained by each node, its outer potential exhibits a gradually changing potential gradient along the axial direction. This smooths the electric field distribution near the pipe wall and in the external air gap, reduces local electric field peaks, and suppresses partial discharge initiation conditions, thereby reducing the risk of partial discharge and surface creepage.

[0030] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure, characterized in that, The device includes an insulating shell, a first connector, a second connector, a ring capacitor module (1), and a transition connector (2). Multiple ring capacitor modules (1) are connected end to end, and the ring capacitor modules (1) at both ends are connected to the first connector and the second connector, respectively. The transition connector (2) is installed between the ring capacitor modules (1) to make them electrically connected. A cylindrical insulating shell is cast on the outer wall of the multiple ring capacitor modules (1). The first connector and the second connector both extend to the outside of the insulating shell.

2. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are at least two ring capacitor modules (1).

3. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of the ring capacitor modules (1) are arranged linearly along the axial direction of the insulating shell.

4. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring capacitor module (1) includes an inner ring electrode (12), an outer ring electrode (11) and a ring dielectric layer (13). The outer ring electrode (11) is sleeved on the inner ring electrode (12), and the ring dielectric layer (13) is filled between the outer ring electrode (11) and the inner ring electrode (12).

5. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner ring electrode (12) and the outer ring electrode (11) are both cylindrical conductors, and the annular dielectric layer (13) is a conductive medium. The inner ring electrode (12), the outer ring electrode (11) and the annular dielectric layer (13) form a coaxial cylindrical structure.

6. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transition connector (2) is tapered. One end of the transition connector (2) is connected to the inner ring electrode (12), and the other end is connected to the outer ring electrode (11). The first connector is connected to the inner ring electrode (12) of the nearest ring capacitor module (1), and the second connector is connected to the outer ring electrode (11) of the nearest ring capacitor module (1).

7. A drop-out interrupter with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the current flows in through the first connector, it is first conducted to the inner ring electrode (12), then through the annular dielectric layer (13) to the outer ring electrode (11) and flows out. After flowing out, the current is conducted through the transition connector (2) to the next adjacent inner ring electrode (12). The current is conducted in this way between each inner ring electrode (12), the annular dielectric layer (13), the outer ring electrode (11) and the transition connector (2) until it flows out through the second connector.

8. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, An equalizing resistor network (3) is installed inside the insulating shell. The equalizing resistor network (3) is connected to the outer wall of the ring capacitor module (1). The equalizing resistor network (3) is connected in parallel with each ring capacitor module (1).

9. A drop-out stopper with a coaxial Z-shaped alternating connection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The equalizing resistor network (3) has a double helix structure and is wound around the outer wall of the ring capacitor module (1).

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