Tail exhaust energy recovery method and device, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a tail emission energy recovery method and device, a vehicle, a storage medium and electronic equipment, and relates to the field of vehicles, the tail emission energy recovery method and device are applied to a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system comprises an air compressor and an expansion machine, the air compressor and the expansion machine are coaxially arranged, and the expansion machine is used for driving the air compressor; the expansion machine is respectively connected with a tail exhaust pipeline and an electric pile of the fuel cell system through a three-way valve. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring required energy of the air compressor; bypass airflow energy of the expansion machine is obtained; the bypass airflow energy is energy provided for the expansion machine by the tail exhaust of the fuel cell system; determining a driving mode of the air compressor according to the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; and driving the air compressor according to the driving mode. The air compressor can be driven according to bypass airflow energy of the expansion machine, the utilization rate of fuel cell tail emission can be improved, and therefore the efficiency of a fuel cell system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicles, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic equipment for recovering exhaust energy. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy vehicles, the sustained rise in oil prices, and the increasing public awareness of environmental protection, more and more consumers are paying attention to and choosing fuel cell vehicles. Compared with electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles exhibit unique advantages in range and refueling time, making them promising in future market competition. The working principle of a fuel cell vehicle is that hydrogen and oxygen in the air undergo a redox reaction to generate electricity, driving the vehicle's motor and propelling it forward. Theoretical calculations show that the lower calorific value of 1 kg of hydrogen is 33.33 kWh, but in actual fuel cell systems, the final effective electrical energy output is only about 15 kWh, with an overall energy utilization rate of less than 45%. Therefore, improving the efficiency of fuel cell systems is a crucial technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a method, apparatus, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic equipment for recovering exhaust energy.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for recovering energy from exhaust gas is provided, applied to a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes an air compressor and an expander, the air compressor and the expander being coaxially arranged, the expander driving the air compressor, and the expander being connected to the exhaust gas pipeline and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system respectively via a three-way valve. The method includes: Obtain the required energy from the air compressor; Obtain the bypass airflow energy of the expander; the bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system to the expander; The drive mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy. The air compressor is driven according to the driving mode.

[0005] Optionally, obtaining the bypass airflow energy of the expander includes: The flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the gas in the bypass passage of the expander are acquired in real time; the bypass passage is the passage between the three-way valve and the expander. The bypass airflow energy of the expander is determined based on the flow rate, the temperature, and the pressure.

[0006] Optionally, determining the drive mode of the air compressor based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy includes: When the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the air compressor is determined to be driven in expander mode. When the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the first threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor and expander driving mode. When the bypass airflow energy is less than the second threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor driving mode; The first threshold and the second threshold are determined by the energy demand.

[0007] Optionally, the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander; the method further includes: When the air compressor is in motor drive mode, the third port of the three-way valve is closed.

[0008] Optionally, the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander; the method further includes: Obtain the back pressure of the fuel cell stack; Adjust the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0009] Optionally, adjusting the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack includes: When the back pressure of the fuel cell stack is greater than a preset back pressure threshold, the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve is adjusted according to the difference between the back pressure of the fuel cell stack and the preset back pressure threshold.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an exhaust energy recovery device is provided for use in a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system includes an air compressor and an expander, the air compressor and the expander being coaxially arranged, the expander driving the air compressor, and the expander being connected to the exhaust pipeline and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system respectively via a three-way valve. The device includes: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the energy requirement of the air compressor; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the bypass airflow energy of the expander; the bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system to the expander; A determining module is used to determine the driving mode of the air compressor based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; A control module is used to drive the air compressor according to the drive mode.

[0011] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including the exhaust energy recovery device provided in the second aspect above.

[0012] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the tailrace energy recovery method provided in the first aspect above.

[0013] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: A memory on which computer programs are stored; A processor is configured to execute the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the tail exhaust energy recovery method provided in the first aspect above.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, for a fuel cell system including an air compressor and an expander, with the air compressor and expander coaxially arranged, the required energy of the air compressor is obtained; the bypass airflow energy of the expander is obtained; this bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the fuel cell system's exhaust gas to the expander; the driving mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; and the air compressor is driven according to the driving mode. Being able to drive the air compressor based on the bypass airflow energy of the expander can improve the utilization rate of the fuel cell exhaust gas, thereby improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0019] Figure 4This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an exhaust energy recovery device 600 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 700 according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0024] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0025] Theoretical calculations show that the lower calorific value of 1 kg of hydrogen is 33.33 kWh, but in actual fuel cell systems, the final effective electrical energy output is only about 15 kWh, with an overall energy utilization rate of less than 45%. The main energy loss pathways include four aspects: Thermodynamic efficiency limitation (approximately 40%): Although fuel cells are not limited by the Carnot cycle, approximately 40% of the energy in the electrochemical reaction of a fuel cell is lost as waste heat; Auxiliary equipment power consumption (BOP, 20%-30%): Auxiliary equipment such as air compressors and cooling water pumps consume approximately 4-5 kWh of energy; Energy conversion loss (DCDC, 2%-5%): The DC output of the fuel cell is reduced by approximately 0.6-1.7 kWh after conversion by power electronic devices; Hydrogen escape (2%-3%): The direct emission or permeation loss of unreacted hydrogen results in an energy waste of approximately 0.6-1 kWh.

[0026] The above analysis shows that the parasitic power consumption of the battery plant (BOP) in a fuel cell system accounts for 20%-30% of the total input energy. As the core component in the BOP with the highest energy consumption (50%-70%), the efficiency of the air compressor directly affects the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system. Therefore, optimizing the design and control methods of the air compressor system is a key breakthrough for improving the efficiency of fuel cell systems.

[0027] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell system includes: an air compressor 100, an expander 300, an intercooler 110, a throttle valve 120, a humidifier 130, a fuel cell stack 200, a three-way valve 150, and a water distribution component 310. The air compressor 100 and the expander 300 are coaxially arranged. The first interfaces of the air compressor 100, the intercooler 110, the throttle valve 120, the humidifier 130, the fuel cell stack 200, and the three-way valve 150 are connected in sequence. The second interface of the three-way valve 150 is connected to the atmosphere through a tailpipe 151. The third interface of the three-way valve 150 is connected to the expander 300 through the water distribution component 310, and the water distribution component 310 is connected to the tailpipe 151.

[0028] The air compressor 100 is used to pressurize the air entering the fuel cell stack 200 to meet the air pressure requirements of the fuel cell system; the expander 300 is used to convert the kinetic and thermal energy of the exhaust gas into the kinetic energy of the air compressor 100 rotor, providing driving force for the air compressor 100; the intercooler 110 is used to cool the compressed air, reduce its temperature, and increase its density, thereby improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system; the throttle valve 120 is used to control the air flow entering the fuel cell stack 200 to adjust the output power of the fuel cell system; the humidifier 130 is used to increase the humidity of the air entering the fuel cell stack 200; the fuel cell stack 200 is used to generate electricity through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen; the water separator 310 is used to separate water in the exhaust of the fuel cell stack 200 to prevent water in the exhaust from entering the expander 300 and affecting the performance of the expander 300; the three-way valve 150 is used to control the exhaust direction; and the exhaust pipe 151 is used to discharge the exhaust generated by the fuel cell stack 200 and the water generated by the water separator 310.

[0029] In addition, the fuel cell system may also include: a first pressure sensor 140, a second pressure sensor 320, a temperature sensor 330, and a flow sensor 340. The first pressure sensor 140 is disposed between the humidifier 130 and the three-way valve 150 and is used to detect the back pressure of the fuel cell stack 200. The second pressure sensor 320, the temperature sensor 330, and the flow sensor 340 are disposed between the water distribution component 310 and the expander 200 and are used to detect the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the gas in the bypass passage of the expander 300, respectively.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, this method can be applied to, for example Figure 1The fuel cell system shown includes an air compressor and an expander, which are coaxially arranged. The expander drives the air compressor and is connected to the fuel cell system's exhaust pipe and stack via a three-way valve. The method includes the following steps: In step S21, the energy requirement of the air compressor is obtained.

[0031] For example, the energy required by the air compressor 100 in the fuel cell system is used to drive the air compressor 100 to compress the air entering the fuel cell stack 300, thereby meeting the air pressure requirements of the internal chemical reactions in the fuel cell stack 200. Increasing the air pressure entering the fuel cell stack 200 can increase the power density of the fuel cell system, improve stack efficiency, and reduce its size. It is understood that the operating state of the air compressor 100 can be determined based on the target power of the fuel cell stack 100; therefore, the required energy can also be determined based on the target power of the fuel cell stack 100.

[0032] In step S22, the bypass airflow energy of the expander is obtained; the bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the tail gas of the fuel cell system to the expander.

[0033] For example, in such Figure 1 In the fuel cell system shown, when the fuel cell system is in operation, the fuel cell stack 200 generates a large amount of water vapor during the reaction process. This water vapor has high thermal energy. Therefore, the third port of the three-way valve 150 can be opened, allowing the exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell stack 200 to provide energy to the expander 300 after passing through the water distributor 310. This bypass airflow energy can provide energy to the expander 300. Since the expander 300 and the air compressor 100 are coaxially arranged, the bypass airflow energy entering the expander 300 can drive the air compressor 100 to work, thereby reducing the energy supply from the vehicle motor to the air compressor 100 and improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0034] In step S23, the drive mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy.

[0035] For example, in such Figure 1 In the fuel cell system shown, depending on the relationship between the required energy and the bypass airflow energy, the air compressor 100 can be driven by the vehicle's motor alone, by the expander 300 alone, or by both the motor and the expander 300 simultaneously. Therefore, the driving modes of the air compressor 100 include: expander driving mode, motor and expander driving mode, and motor driving mode.

[0036] For example, when the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the required energy, the drive mode is determined to be the expander drive mode; when the bypass airflow energy is less than the required energy but greater than or equal to the expander drive minimum threshold, the drive mode is determined to be the motor and expander drive mode; when the bypass airflow energy is less than the expander drive minimum threshold, the drive mode is determined to be the motor drive mode.

[0037] In step S24, the air compressor is driven according to the drive mode.

[0038] For example, after determining the drive mode of the air compressor, the air compressor is driven according to the drive mode. When the drive mode is expander drive mode, the air compressor 100 can be driven by expander 300 alone, and the motor does not participate in the drive. When the drive mode is motor and expander drive mode, the air compressor 100 is driven by both motor and expander 300 simultaneously. In this case, all the bypass airflow energy of expander 300 is used to drive air compressor 100, and the energy provided by motor can be determined by the difference between the demand energy and the bypass airflow energy. When the drive mode is motor drive mode, the air compressor 100 can be driven by motor alone, and expander 300 does not participate in the drive. Driving the air compressor 100 according to different drive modes can maintain the efficient operation of the fuel cell system when the demand energy or the bypass airflow energy changes. When the load of the fuel cell system fluctuates, the drive mode of air compressor 100 can be quickly adjusted by switching between multiple drive modes to maintain a stable air supply to the fuel cell stack and avoid the impact of air pressure or flow fluctuations on the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0039] Through the above technical solution, for a fuel cell system including an air compressor and an expander, with the air compressor and expander coaxially arranged, the required energy of the air compressor is obtained; the bypass airflow energy of the expander is obtained; this bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the fuel cell system's exhaust gas to the expander; the driving mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; and the air compressor is driven according to the driving mode. Being able to drive the air compressor based on the bypass airflow energy of the expander can improve the utilization rate of the fuel cell exhaust gas, thereby improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, step S22 includes the following steps: In step S221, the flow rate, temperature and pressure of the gas in the bypass passage of the expander are acquired in real time; the bypass passage is the passage between the three-way valve and the expander.

[0041] For example, the bypass gas flow energy is determined by the energy of the exhaust gas entering the expander 300. It is understood that the gas energy can be determined by its flow rate, temperature, and pressure, such as... Figure 1 In the fuel cell system shown, the second pressure sensor 320, the temperature sensor 330, and the flow sensor 340 are provided between the water distribution unit 310 and the expander 300. Therefore, the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the gas in the bypass passage of the expander 300 can be obtained in real time through the second pressure sensor 320, the temperature sensor 330, and the flow sensor 340, respectively.

[0042] In step S222, the bypass airflow energy of the expander is determined based on the flow rate, the temperature, and the pressure.

[0043] For example, the bypass airflow energy can be determined by the following formula. :

[0044] in, To bypass traffic, For the bypass gas temperature, For ambient temperature, Due to environmental pressures, For bypass gas pressure, For expander efficiency, For the specific heat capacity of the gas, is the specific heat ratio of the gas.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, step S23 includes the following steps: In step S231, when the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the expander driving mode.

[0046] In step S232, when the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the first threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor and expander driving mode.

[0047] In step S233, when the bypass airflow energy is less than the second threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor driving mode; wherein the first threshold and the second threshold are determined by the required energy.

[0048] For example, when the air compressor 100 is driven solely by the vehicle motor, the required energy for the air compressor 100 is provided solely by the motor. However, due to the different motor efficiencies of various vehicles, the actual energy provided to the air compressor 100 is usually the product of the required energy and the motor efficiency. Therefore, when the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the product of the required energy and the motor efficiency, the driving mode of the air compressor 100 can be determined to be an expander driving mode. In this case, the first threshold can be the product of the required energy and the motor efficiency. When the bypass airflow energy is less than a set proportion of the required energy, the expander 300 may have difficulty driving the air compressor 100, and the driving mode can be determined to be a motor driving mode. In this case, the second threshold can be a set proportion of the required energy. When the bypass airflow energy is less than the first threshold but greater than or equal to the second threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor 100 is a motor and expander driving mode.

[0049] For example, if the motor efficiency is 0.8, then the first threshold is 0.8. The second threshold is 0.3. ; This requires energy; therefore, like ≥0.8 The air compressor 100 is driven in expander mode. If 0.3 The air compressor 100 is driven by both an electric motor and an expander. like The air compressor 100 is driven by an electric motor.

[0050] Optionally, such as Figure 1 The fuel cell system shown includes: a three-way valve 150, the first port of which is connected to the fuel cell stack 200 of the fuel cell system, the second port of which is connected to the tailpipe 151 of the fuel cell system, and the third port of which is connected to the expander 300; the method further includes: closing the third port of the three-way valve when the air compressor is driven in the motor drive mode.

[0051] For example, when the air compressor is driven in motor drive mode, the expander 300 does not need to drive the air compressor 100. In order to avoid the expander 300 doing useless work, the third port of the three-way valve 150 can be closed and the second port of the three-way valve 150 can be opened so that the tail of the fuel cell stack is discharged through the tail pipe 151 connected to the second port.

[0052] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating an exhaust energy recovery method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander; the method further includes the following steps: In step S234, the back pressure of the fuel cell stack is obtained.

[0053] In step S235, the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve is adjusted according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0054] For example, excessive back pressure in a fuel cell system can cause a series of problems. For instance, high back pressure may obstruct gas flow within the stack, affecting the supply and diffusion of reactant gases, leading to a decrease in the electrochemical reaction rate and thus reducing power generation efficiency; the air compressor needs to overcome greater back pressure to deliver air, resulting in increased power consumption; and excessive back pressure can cause significant fluctuations in gas flow, affecting the stable operation of the stack. Therefore, to maintain stable back pressure in the fuel cell system, in situations such as… Figure 1 In the fuel cell system shown, the back pressure of the fuel cell stack 200 can be obtained in real time by the first pressure sensor 140, and the opening of the second port of the three-way valve 150 can be adjusted according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack 200 so that the tail exhaust of the fuel cell stack 200 is discharged through the second port, thereby reducing the back pressure of the fuel cell stack 200.

[0055] Optionally, step S235 includes adjusting the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve according to the difference between the back pressure of the fuel cell stack and the preset back pressure threshold when the back pressure of the fuel cell stack is greater than the preset back pressure threshold.

[0056] For example, when the back pressure of the fuel cell stack exceeds a preset back pressure threshold, the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve 150 can be adjusted according to the difference between the back pressure of the fuel cell stack and the preset back pressure threshold. The preset back pressure threshold is the maximum allowable back pressure of the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system. In one possible embodiment, the opening degree of the second port can be determined according to a preset correspondence between the difference and the opening degree; for example, when the difference is in a first interval, the opening degree of the second port is a first opening degree; when the difference is in a second interval, the opening degree of the second port is a second opening degree; when the difference is in a third interval, the opening degree of the second port is a third opening degree; wherein the first interval, the second interval, and the third interval are three consecutive intervals.

[0057] Through the above technical solution, for a fuel cell system including an air compressor and an expander, with the air compressor and expander coaxially arranged, the required energy of the air compressor is obtained; the bypass airflow energy of the expander is obtained; this bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the fuel cell system's exhaust gas to the expander; the driving mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; and the air compressor is driven according to the driving mode. Being able to drive the air compressor based on the bypass airflow energy of the expander can improve the utilization rate of the fuel cell exhaust gas, thereby improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an exhaust energy recovery device 600 according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the device 600 is applied to a fuel cell system, which includes an air compressor and an expander. The air compressor and the expander are coaxially arranged. The expander is used to drive the air compressor. The expander is connected to the tailpipe and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system through a three-way valve. The device 600 includes a first acquisition module 610, a second acquisition module 620, a determination module 630, and a control module 640. The first acquisition module 610 is used to acquire the energy requirement of the air compressor; The second acquisition module 620 is used to acquire the bypass airflow energy of the expander; the bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system to the expander; The determining module 630 is used to determine the drive mode of the air compressor based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; The control module 640 is used to drive the air compressor according to the drive mode.

[0059] Optionally, the second acquisition module 620 includes: an acquisition submodule and a determination submodule; This acquisition submodule is used to acquire the flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the gas in the bypass passage of the expander in real time; the bypass passage is the passage between the three-way valve and the expander. The determination submodule is used to determine the bypass airflow energy of the expander based on the flow rate, temperature, and pressure.

[0060] Optionally, the determining module 630 is used for: When the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the air compressor is determined to be driven in expander mode. When the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the first threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor and expander driving mode. When the bypass airflow energy is less than the second threshold, the air compressor is determined to be driven by an electric motor. The first threshold and the second threshold are determined by the required energy.

[0061] Optionally, the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander. The control module 640 is used to close the third port of the three-way valve when the air compressor is in the motor drive mode.

[0062] Optionally, the first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander. The control module 640 is also used for: Obtain the back pressure of the fuel cell stack; The opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve is adjusted according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0063] Optionally, the control module 640 is further configured to adjust the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve according to the difference between the back pressure of the fuel cell stack and the preset back pressure threshold when the back pressure of the fuel cell stack is greater than the preset back pressure threshold.

[0064] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0065] Through the above technical solution, for a fuel cell system including an air compressor and an expander, with the air compressor and expander coaxially arranged, the required energy of the air compressor is obtained; the bypass airflow energy of the expander is obtained; this bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the fuel cell system's exhaust gas to the expander; the driving mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; and the air compressor is driven according to the driving mode. Being able to drive the air compressor based on the bypass airflow energy of the expander can improve the utilization rate of the fuel cell exhaust gas, thereby improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0066] In one exemplary embodiment, this disclosure also provides a vehicle that includes the exhaust energy recovery device 600 described above.

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device 700 according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 7As shown, the electronic device 700 may include a processor 701 and a memory 702. The electronic device 700 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 703, an input / output (I / O) interface 704, and a communication component 705.

[0068] The processor 701 controls the overall operation of the electronic device 700 to complete all or part of the steps in the exhaust energy recovery method described above. The memory 702 stores various types of data to support the operation of the electronic device 700. This data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the electronic device 700, and application-related data such as contact data, sent and received messages, pictures, audio, video, etc. The memory 702 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The multimedia component 703 may include a screen and audio components. The screen may be, for example, a touchscreen, and the audio component is used to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signals may be further stored in memory 702 or transmitted via communication component 705. The audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. I / O interface 704 provides an interface between processor 701 and other interface modules, such as a keyboard, mouse, buttons, etc. These buttons may be virtual or physical buttons. Communication component 705 is used for wired or wireless communication between the electronic device 700 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IoT, eMTC, or other 5G technologies, or combinations thereof, is not limited here. Therefore, the corresponding communication component 705 may include: a Wi-Fi module, a Bluetooth module, an NFC module, etc.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment, the electronic device 700 may be implemented by one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other electronic components to perform the exhaust energy recovery method described above.

[0070] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions is also provided, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the exhaust energy recovery method described above. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be the memory 702 including program instructions described above, which may be executed by the processor 701 of the electronic device 700 to complete the exhaust energy recovery method described above.

[0071] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is also provided, comprising a computer program executable by a programmable device, the computer program having a code portion for performing the exhaust energy recovery method described above when executed by the programmable device.

[0072] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0073] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0074] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for recovering energy from exhaust emissions, characterized in that, An application is made in a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system comprising: an air compressor and an expander, the air compressor and the expander being coaxially arranged, the expander being used to drive the air compressor, and the expander being connected to the tailpipe and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system respectively via a three-way valve, the method comprising: Obtain the required energy from the air compressor; Obtain the bypass airflow energy of the expander; the bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system to the expander; The drive mode of the air compressor is determined based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy. The air compressor is driven according to the driving mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the bypass airflow energy of the expander includes: The flow rate, temperature, and pressure of the gas in the bypass passage of the expander are acquired in real time; the bypass passage is the passage between the three-way valve and the expander. The bypass airflow energy of the expander is determined based on the flow rate, the temperature, and the pressure.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the drive mode of the air compressor based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy includes: When the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the air compressor is determined to be driven in expander mode. When the bypass airflow energy is greater than or equal to the second threshold and less than the first threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor and expander driving mode. When the bypass airflow energy is less than the second threshold, the driving mode of the air compressor is determined to be the motor driving mode; The first threshold and the second threshold are determined by the energy demand.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander; the method further includes: When the air compressor is in motor drive mode, the third port of the three-way valve is closed.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first port of the three-way valve is connected to the fuel cell stack, the second port of the three-way valve is connected to the tailpipe, and the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the expander. The method further includes: Obtain the back pressure of the fuel cell stack; Adjust the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve according to the back pressure of the fuel cell stack includes: When the back pressure of the fuel cell stack is greater than a preset back pressure threshold, the opening degree of the second port of the three-way valve is adjusted according to the difference between the back pressure of the fuel cell stack and the preset back pressure threshold.

7. A tailrace energy recovery device, characterized in that, An apparatus for use in a fuel cell system, the fuel cell system comprising: an air compressor and an expander, the air compressor and the expander being coaxially arranged, the expander being used to drive the air compressor, and the expander being connected to the tailpipe and the fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system respectively via a three-way valve; the apparatus comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the energy requirement of the air compressor; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the bypass airflow energy of the expander; the bypass airflow energy is the energy provided by the exhaust gas of the fuel cell system to the expander; A determining module is used to determine the driving mode of the air compressor based on the required energy and the bypass airflow energy; A control module is used to drive the air compressor according to the drive mode.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the device as described in claim 7.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory on which computer programs are stored; A processor for executing the computer program in the memory to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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