Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna structure and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of antennae, and the antenna structure comprises a radiator which is provided with a gap, and the gap is an antenna radiation main body; one end of the excitation transformation network is connected with the feed source, the other end of the excitation transformation network is coupled with the radiator, and the excitation transformation network is used for working under the corresponding capacitance-inductance characteristic according to the frequency of the received radio frequency signal so as to realize multimode excitation of the feed source. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, multi-mode excitation can be realized through one feed source, and the bandwidth of the antenna is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, spectrum resources are being used more and more frequently. The scarcity of wireless spectrum limits the further development of wireless communication, making antennas suitable for ultra-wideband and multi-band applications particularly important. To solve the above problems, frequency-reconfigurable antennas can be used, allowing the antenna to operate dynamically on multiple frequency bands while maintaining a roughly constant radiation pattern. However, existing antennas capable of covering both Wi-Fi and UWB bands suffer from complex structures and the inability to allow Wi-Fi and UWB to coexist simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to propose an antenna structure and electronic device that aims to extend the operating frequency of the antenna.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the antenna structure proposed in this invention includes:

[0005] A radiator, wherein the radiator has a slit, and the slit is the main body of the antenna radiator;

[0006] An excitation transformation network is provided, with one end connected to the feed source and the other end coupled to the radiator. The excitation transformation network is used to operate in a corresponding capacitive inductance characteristic according to the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to realize multi-mode excitation of the feed source.

[0007] In one embodiment, the antenna structure is applied to an electronic device having a housing, the antenna structure including a first circuit board, the excitation transformation network disposed on the first circuit board, and the radiator disposed on the housing.

[0008] In one embodiment, the radiator is integrally formed with the housing.

[0009] In one embodiment, the antenna structure includes a conductive element;

[0010] The radiator is electrically connected to the excitation transformation network via the conductive element.

[0011] In one embodiment, the number of conductive elements is two, and the two conductive elements are a first conductive element and a second conductive element, respectively;

[0012] The first conductive element and the second conductive element are connected to the feed point of the radiator, one of which is located at the point where the electric field distribution of the radiator is the maximum, and the other is located at the point where the current distribution of the radiator is the maximum.

[0013] In one embodiment, the radiator is disposed on the first circuit board, and the radiator and the excitation transformation network are disposed on opposite sides of the first circuit board.

[0014] In one embodiment, the excitation transformation network includes:

[0015] An input impedance adjustment unit is disposed on a first circuit board. One end of the input impedance adjustment unit is connected to the feed source, and the other end is coupled to the radiator. It is used to operate in the corresponding capacitive inductance characteristic according to the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to realize multi-mode excitation of the feed source.

[0016] In one embodiment, the input impedance adjustment unit includes: a first inductor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor. The first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor, respectively. The second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the third capacitor and is used to connect to the feed source. The second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first conductive element. The second ends of the second capacitor and the second ends of the third capacitor are grounded.

[0017] In one embodiment, the excitation transformation network further includes:

[0018] An aperture impedance adjustment unit is provided, which is mounted on a first circuit board and connected to a radiator. The other end of the aperture impedance adjustment unit is grounded, and the aperture impedance adjustment unit is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna.

[0019] In one embodiment, the aperture impedance adjustment unit includes a second inductor and a fourth capacitor, wherein a first end of the second inductor is connected to a second conductive element, a second end of the second inductor is connected to a first end of the fourth capacitor, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

[0020] In one embodiment, the antenna structure includes a feeding assembly, one end of which is connected to the excitation transformation network, and the other end of which is used to connect to the radio frequency module.

[0021] The present invention also proposes an electronic device, comprising:

[0022] The casing; and,

[0023] The antenna structure described above is mounted on the housing, with the housing serving as the radiating element.

[0024] A feed source, which is coupled to the housing.

[0025] The technical solution of this invention employs a method where a slot is provided on the radiator, and the feed source is coupled to the radiator and excited through the excitation transformation network. The excitation transformation network exhibits different capacitive inductance characteristics when receiving radio frequency signals of different frequency bands, thereby achieving multi-mode excitation of a single feed source. By achieving multi-mode resonance through the radiator's response to the excitation of a single feed source at different frequency bands, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna structure provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Circuit diagram of the excitation transformation network provided for the invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the antenna structure provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the antenna structure provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bandwidth of the antenna structure provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the impedance distribution of the antenna structure in three modes provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna structure provided by this invention operating at WIFI 5GHz;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna structure provided by this invention operating in UWB CH5;

[0035] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the current distribution of the antenna structure provided by this invention operating in UWB CH9.

[0036] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0037] 1. Radiator; 11. Gap; 2. First circuit board; 3. Excitation conversion network; 31. Input impedance adjustment unit; 311. First inductor; 312. First capacitor; 313. Second capacitor; 314. Third capacitor; 32. Aperture impedance adjustment unit; 321. Second inductor; 322. Fourth capacitor; 4. First conductive element; 5. Housing; 6. Second circuit board; 7. Feed source; 8. Second conductive element.

[0038] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0041] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0042] This invention proposes an antenna structure.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the antenna structure includes a radiator 1 and an excitation conversion network 3. The radiator 1 has a slot 11, which serves as the main radiating element of the antenna. The slot 11 can be T-shaped, L-shaped, or F-shaped. One end of the excitation conversion network 3 is connected to the feed 7, and the other end of the excitation conversion network 3 is coupled to the radiator 1. The excitation conversion network 3 is used to operate according to the corresponding capacitive inductance characteristics based on the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to achieve multi-mode excitation of the feed.

[0044] The technical solution of this invention employs a slot 11 on the radiator 1, which can effectively radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. The feed 7 is coupled to the radiator 1 through the excitation transformation network 3 and applies excitation to the radiator 1. The excitation transformation network 3 exhibits different capacitive inductance characteristics when receiving radio frequency signals of different frequency bands, thereby realizing multimode excitation of a single feed 7.

[0045] Please see Figure 5 The antenna of this invention has a bandwidth of up to 3.5GHz@S11<-10dB, fully covering multiple frequency bands such as WIFI 5G, UWB CH5, and UWB CH9. Because this invention achieves a shared feed source for antenna structures of multiple frequency bands such as WIFI 5G, UWB CH5, and UWB CH9, and through multi-mode resonance, the antenna bandwidth can reach 5000MHz-9000MHz, enabling coexistence of WIFI+UWB antennas without needing to consider isolation issues.

[0046] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 The Smith chart shows the antenna structure of this invention. In this embodiment, the excitation conversion network 3 exhibits capacitive behavior in the WIFI 5G band, and the feed source 7 is voltage-excited. In the UWB CH5 band, the excitation conversion network 3 exhibits weak inductive behavior, and the feed source 7 is current-excited. In the UWB CH9 band, the excitation conversion network 3 exhibits strong inductive behavior, and the feed source 7 is voltage-excited. By achieving multimode resonance through the radiator 1 responding to the excitation of a single feed source 7 in different frequency bands, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased.

[0047] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the antenna structure is applied to electronic devices such as XR devices or smart terminals. The electronic device has a housing 5, and the antenna structure includes a first circuit board 2. The excitation transformation network 3 is disposed on the first circuit board 2, and the radiator 1 is disposed on the housing 5. In this embodiment, the radiator 1 and the first circuit board 2 are positioned separately, allowing for flexible layout and adaptation to the internal structures of different types of electronic devices.

[0048] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, when the housing 5 is made of a conductive material, the radiator 1 is integrally formed with the housing 5. Specifically, a slot 11 can be formed in the housing 5, which serves as the radiator 1 of the antenna structure. In this embodiment, the radiator 1 is integrally formed with the housing 5, eliminating the need for clearance for the antenna, which is beneficial for the miniaturization of electronic devices.

[0049] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the antenna structure further includes a conductive element. When the radiator 1 is separately disposed from the first circuit board 2, the excitation conversion network 3 is electrically connected to the radiator 1 through the conductive element, thereby providing power. Specifically, one end of the conductive element is connected to the excitation conversion network 3, and the other end of the conductive element is connected to the radiator 1. The area where the other end of the conductive element is connected to the radiator 1 is the feed point. In this embodiment, the conductive element can be a metal spring or a wire, as long as it enables the electrical connection between the excitation conversion network 3 and the radiator 1; this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0050] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the number of conductive elements is two, namely a first conductive element 4 and a second conductive element 8. The first conductive element 4 and the second conductive element 8 are connected to the feed point of the radiator, with one located at the point of maximum electric field distribution of the radiator 1 and the other located at the point of maximum current distribution of the radiator 1.

[0051] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the radiator 1 and the excitation transformation network 3 are integrated together. Specifically, the radiator 1 and the excitation transformation network 3 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first circuit board 2, and the first circuit board 2 is disposed on the housing.

[0052] In this embodiment, both the radiator 1 and the excitation transformation network 3 are disposed on the first circuit board 2. The first circuit board 2 serves as the carrier of the entire antenna structure. The first circuit board 2 can be disposed on the surface of the housing 5 by means of adhesive bonding or other methods, and the present invention does not limit this. This approach improves the integration of the antenna structure and is beneficial for the miniaturization of the antenna and the device.

[0053] See Figures 7 to 9In some embodiments of the present invention, when the feed source 7 is current-excited, the feed point is located at the location of maximum electric field of the radiator 1; when the feed source 7 is voltage-excited, the feed point is located at the location of maximum current of the radiator 1. It should be noted that the distribution of current and voltage in the radiator 1 can be determined through characteristic mode analysis using electromagnetic simulation software. When the antenna structure needs to balance maximum current and maximum voltage, the feed point can be selected as a compromise, located between the locations of maximum current and maximum electric field.

[0054] Please see Figures 2 to 4 In one embodiment, the excitation transformation network 3 further includes an input impedance adjustment unit 31, which is disposed on the first circuit board 2 and connected to the radiator 1 via the first conductive element 4. Specifically, the two ends of the input impedance adjustment unit 31 are respectively connected to the first conductive element 4 and to the feed source 7, and are used to operate with corresponding capacitive-inductive characteristics according to the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to realize multi-mode excitation of the feed source 7. In this way, the input impedance adjustment unit 31 can respond to radio frequency signals of different frequencies fed into the feed source 7, thereby exhibiting capacitive, weakly inductive, or strongly inductive characteristics. At this time, the input impedance adjustment unit 31 has different impedances and can adapt to changes at different frequency points, thereby expanding the effective operating bandwidth of the antenna.

[0055] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the input impedance adjustment unit 31 includes a first inductor 311, a first capacitor 312, a second capacitor 313, and a third capacitor 314. The first end of the first inductor 311 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor 312 and the input end of the feed source 7, respectively. The second end of the first inductor 311 is connected to the first end of the third capacitor 314 and the first end of the second capacitor 313. The second end of the third capacitor 314 is connected to the first conductive element 4. The second ends of the first capacitor 312 and the second ends of the second capacitor 313 are grounded.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first circuit board 2 can be an FPC or a PCB. The first circuit board 2 has corresponding circuits printed on it. The first inductor 311, the first capacitor 312, the second capacitor 313, and the third capacitor 314 are soldered onto the first circuit board 2. The first capacitor 312 can be connected to the first conductive element 4 by leading a wire out from the pad of the first capacitor 312 and connecting it to the first conductive element 4.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first conductive element 4 is a conductive metal spring. One end of the spring is connected to the second end of the third capacitor 314 via a wire, and the other end of the spring is connected to the radiator 1. The connection point between the spring and the radiator 1, i.e., the feed point, is located at the position corresponding to the gap 11. The feed point is located at the point of maximum electric field of the radiator 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, the values ​​of the first inductor 311, the first capacitor 312, the second capacitor 313, and the third capacitor 314 can be calculated based on the simulation of the antenna structure and the theory of impedance matching networks. Preferably, the value of the first inductor 311 is 1.5-3.3n, and the values ​​of the first capacitor 312, the second capacitor 313, and the third capacitor 314 are 0.1-1p, 0.1-0.75p, and 0.1-0.5p, respectively.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first circuit board 2 has corresponding circuits printed on it, and the first inductor 311, the first capacitor 312, the second capacitor 313, and the third capacitor 314 are soldered onto the first circuit board 2. Power can be supplied by leading a coaxial feed line from the pad of the first capacitor 312 and connecting it to the radio frequency module.

[0060] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the antenna structure further includes a second conductive element 8, and the excitation transformation network 3 further includes an aperture impedance adjustment unit 32. It is understood that the aperture impedance adjustment unit 32 is also disposed on the first circuit board 2. The two ends of the aperture impedance adjustment unit 32 are respectively connected to the second conductive element 8 and grounded, and are used to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna.

[0061] Specifically, one end of the second conductive element 8 is connected to the aperture impedance adjustment unit 32, and the other end of the second conductive element is connected to the radiator 1 for feeding the radiator 1.

[0062] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the input impedance adjustment unit 31 includes a second inductor 321 and a fourth capacitor 322. The first end of the second inductor 321 is connected to the second conductive element 8, the second end of the second inductor 321 is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor 322, and the second end of the fourth capacitor 322 is grounded.

[0063] In this embodiment, the second conductive element is a spring contact. Preferably, the values ​​of the second inductor 321 and the fourth capacitor 322 are 0.25-1.5n and 0.25-1p, respectively.

[0064] See Figure 3 and Figures 7 to 9 In one embodiment, when the first conductive element 4 or the second conductive element 8 applies current excitation to the radiator 1, the feed point of the first conductive element 4 or the second conductive element 8 and the radiator 1 is located at the point where the electric field distribution of the radiator 1 is maximum.

[0065] See Figure 3 and Figures 7 to 9 In one embodiment, when the first conductive element 4 or the second conductive element 8 applies a voltage excitation to the radiator 1, the feed point of the first conductive element 4 or the second conductive element 8 and the radiator 1 is located at the point where the current distribution of the radiator 1 is the maximum.

[0066] The present invention also proposes an electronic device, including a housing 5, an antenna structure as described above, a feed source 7, and a second circuit board 6. The antenna structure is disposed on the housing 5, and the feed source 7 is coupled to the antenna structure.

[0067] See Figure 3 In one embodiment, the housing 5 is made of a conductive material, including one or more of metals, carbon fibers, and ceramics. A slit 11 is formed on the housing 5, and the slit 11 can be T-shaped, L-shaped, or F-shaped. The housing 5 serves as the main radiating element. The excitation transformation network 3 includes an input impedance adjustment unit 31 and an aperture impedance adjustment unit 32, which are mounted on a first circuit board. One end of the input impedance adjustment unit 31 is electrically connected to the radio frequency module, and the other end of the input impedance adjustment unit 31 is connected to the housing 5 via a first conductive element 4. The aperture impedance adjustment unit 32 is connected to the housing 5 via a second conductive element 8.

[0068] See Figure 4 In one embodiment, both the radiator 1 and the excitation conversion network 3 are disposed on the first circuit board 2. The first circuit board 2 serves as the carrier of the entire antenna structure and can be disposed on the surface of the housing 5 by means of adhesive bonding or other methods. The electronic device also includes a second circuit board 6 and a feeding assembly. The second circuit board 6 is provided with a radio frequency module. One end of the feeding assembly is connected to the radio frequency module, and the other end of the feeding assembly is connected to the excitation conversion network 3.

[0069] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: A radiator, wherein the radiator has a slit, and the slit is the main body of the antenna radiator; An excitation transformation network is provided, with one end connected to the feed source and the other end coupled to the radiator. The excitation transformation network is used to operate in a corresponding capacitive inductance characteristic according to the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to realize multi-mode excitation of the feed source.

2. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An antenna structure is applied to an electronic device having a housing. The antenna structure includes a first circuit board, an excitation transformation network disposed on the first circuit board, and a radiator disposed on the housing.

3. The antenna structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The radiator is integrally formed with the casing.

4. The antenna structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes conductive components; The radiator is electrically connected to the excitation transformation network via the conductive element.

5. The antenna structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The number of conductive elements is two, and the two conductive elements are a first conductive element and a second conductive element; The first conductive element and the second conductive element are connected to the feed point of the radiator, one of which is located at the point where the electric field distribution of the radiator is the maximum, and the other is located at the point where the current distribution of the radiator is the maximum.

6. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator is disposed on the first circuit board, and the radiator and the excitation transformation network are disposed on opposite sides of the first circuit board.

7. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation transformation network includes: An input impedance adjustment unit is disposed on a first circuit board. One end of the input impedance adjustment unit is connected to the feed source, and the other end is coupled to the radiator. It is used to operate in the corresponding capacitive inductance characteristic according to the frequency of the received radio frequency signal to realize multi-mode excitation of the feed source.

8. The antenna structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The input impedance adjustment unit includes a first inductor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor. The first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor, respectively. The second end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the third capacitor and is used to connect to the feed source. The second end of the first capacitor is connected to the first conductive element. The second ends of the second capacitor and the second ends of the third capacitor are grounded.

9. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation transformation network further includes: An aperture impedance adjustment unit is provided, which is mounted on a first circuit board and connected to a radiator. The other end of the aperture impedance adjustment unit is grounded, and the aperture impedance adjustment unit is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna.

10. The antenna structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The aperture impedance adjustment unit includes a second inductor and a fourth capacitor. The first end of the second inductor is connected to the second conductive element, the second end of the second inductor is connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor, and the second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

11. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes a feeding component, one end of which is connected to the excitation transformation network, and the other end of which is used to connect to the radio frequency module.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: chassis; as well as, The antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1-11, wherein the antenna structure is disposed on the housing; Feed source, the feed source and the antenna structure.

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