Stacked light power generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a stacked power generation method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a photovoltaic array into a plurality of tracking sub-regions, and determining an optimal power generation working point in each tracking sub-region as a current power generation working point, the optimal power generation working point refers to a working point which enables the photovoltaic panel of the tracking sub-region to output the maximum power or reach other preset power generation targets; acquiring monitoring data of each tracking sub-region regularly or irregularly; according to the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region, judging whether a target tracking sub-region of which the current power generation working point needs to be replaced exists or not; and in response to the existence of the target tracking sub-region of which the current power generation working point needs to be replaced, obtaining a new optimal power generation working point of the target tracking sub-region and updating the new optimal power generation working point as the current power generation working point. According to the embodiment of the invention, the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array under complex and changeable illumination conditions can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for tandem photovoltaic power generation. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing energy demand and growing environmental awareness, photovoltaic (PV) power generation, as a clean and renewable energy source, has been widely adopted. Among these, tandem photovoltaic (tandem solar) power generation utilizes multiple photovoltaic panels connected in series or parallel, employing a specific controller to achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and voltage conversion, thereby efficiently harvesting solar energy and providing stable power. However, existing tandem solar power generation methods lack the ability to individually adjust areas within the PV array affected by local environmental changes (including but not limited to shading from trees and buildings) under complex and variable lighting conditions, leading to reduced overall power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for tandem photovoltaic (PV) power generation, which addresses the problem that existing PV power generation methods suffer from reduced overall power generation efficiency under complex and variable lighting conditions due to the lack of individual adjustment capabilities for regions of the photovoltaic array affected by local environmental changes.

[0004] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a method for generating photovoltaic power, the method comprising:

[0005] The photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions, and an optimal power generation operating point is determined in each tracking sub-region as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point refers to the operating point that enables the photovoltaic panels in the tracking sub-region to output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets.

[0006] Acquire monitoring data for each of the tracking sub-regions at regular or irregular intervals;

[0007] Based on the monitoring data of each of the aforementioned tracking sub-regions, determine whether there is a target tracking sub-region that requires replacement of the current power generation operating point;

[0008] In response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires a change of the current power generation operating point, the new optimal power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region is obtained and updated as the current power generation operating point.

[0009] Furthermore, before dividing the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions, the method further includes:

[0010] Multiple photovoltaic panels are connected to form the photovoltaic array, wherein the connection methods between the multiple photovoltaic panels include series connection and parallel connection;

[0011] Connect the photovoltaic array to the input terminal of the photovoltaic controller;

[0012] The process of dividing the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions specifically includes:

[0013] Based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions.

[0014] Furthermore, after determining an optimal power generation operating point as the current power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region, the method further includes:

[0015] Each of the tracking sub-regions is assigned a unique identifier;

[0016] Establish a region and operating point ejection table, and store the unique identifier of each tracking sub-region and the corresponding current power generation operating point in the region and operating point ejection table.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the tracking sub-regions is equipped with multiple data monitoring points, and the acquisition of monitoring data from each tracking sub-region at regular or irregular intervals specifically includes:

[0018] Monitoring data for each tracking sub-region is acquired periodically or irregularly through all data monitoring points in each tracking sub-region.

[0019] Furthermore, the monitoring data includes current, voltage, ambient temperature, and light intensity; the step of determining whether there is a target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region specifically includes:

[0020] The monitoring data of each tracking sub-region are integrated, and the power of each data monitoring point is calculated based on the current and voltage in the monitoring data according to a preset power formula. The current output power of the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined by taking the average value or the maximum value.

[0021] Compare the current output power of each tracking sub-region with historical baseline data to analyze output power fluctuations.

[0022] By combining the ambient temperature and light intensity data from the monitoring data, the power fluctuations are analyzed to identify the specific causes of the fluctuations.

[0023] If the power fluctuation meets the preset threshold condition and the specific cause of the fluctuation has been identified, then the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined as the target tracking sub-region where the current power generation operating point needs to be replaced.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of responding to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires changing the current power generation operating point, obtaining a new optimal power generation operating point in the target tracking sub-region and updating it as the current power generation operating point, specifically includes:

[0025] In response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires the replacement of the current power generation operating point, an operating point replacement request is triggered.

[0026] Based on the operating point change request, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is activated, and the current-voltage (IV) curve is rescanned based on the monitoring data of the target tracking sub-region to find a new optimal power generation operating point.

[0027] An adjustment instruction is sent to the target tracking sub-region based on the new optimal power generation operating point, so that the current power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region is updated to the new optimal power generation operating point.

[0028] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0029] According to a preset fixed time period, the power generation data of each tracking sub-region and the status information of the superimposed light controller are summarized and uploaded;

[0030] Detect whether there are any abnormalities in the power generation data based on the power generation data and the status information of the superimposed solar controller;

[0031] In response to the presence of abnormal power generation data, a real-time transmission request is triggered, and the abnormal data is uploaded in real time.

[0032] Secondly, this disclosure provides a tandem photovoltaic (PV) power generation device, the device comprising:

[0033] The tracking sub-region division module is used to divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions and determine an optimal power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point refers to the operating point that enables the photovoltaic panels in the tracking sub-region to output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets.

[0034] The monitoring data acquisition module is connected to the tracking sub-region division module and is used to acquire monitoring data of each tracking sub-region at regular or irregular intervals.

[0035] The working point replacement judgment module is connected to the monitoring data acquisition module and is used to determine whether there is a target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region.

[0036] The power generation operating point update module, connected to the operating point replacement judgment module, is used to respond to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that needs to change the current power generation operating point, obtain the new optimal power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region and update it as the current power generation operating point.

[0037] Thirdly, this disclosure provides an electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores one or more computer programs executable by the at least one processor, the one or more computer programs being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the photovoltaic power generation method described in the first aspect above.

[0038] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the photovoltaic power generation method described in the first aspect.

[0039] The tandem photovoltaic (PV) power generation method, apparatus, electronic equipment, and storage medium disclosed herein divide the photovoltaic array into multiple independent tracking sub-regions. For each sub-region, an optimal power generation operating point is determined to achieve maximum power output or other preset power generation targets. By combining monitoring data collected periodically or irregularly from each sub-region, the system accurately identifies the target tracking sub-region requiring adjustment and updates its optimal power generation operating point. This achieves precise and independent control of areas within the PV array affected by local environmental changes, ensuring each sub-region always operates in its optimal power generation state. This significantly improves the overall power generation efficiency of the PV array under complex and variable lighting conditions. It solves the problem of reduced overall PV power generation efficiency in existing tandem photovoltaic methods under complex and variable lighting conditions due to the lack of individual adjustment capabilities for areas affected by local environmental changes. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present disclosure to explain the disclosure and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of a photovoltaic power generation method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 2 A flowchart of yet another photovoltaic power generation method provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 A block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 4This is a block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this disclosure, exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of this disclosure to aid understanding. These should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0046] Where there is no conflict, the various embodiments of this disclosure and the features thereof in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0047] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated entries.

[0048] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “made of” are used in this specification, the presence of the stated feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component is specified, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof is not excluded. Words such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and this disclosure, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless expressly so defined herein.

[0050] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a photovoltaic (PV) power generation method provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The method includes:

[0051] Step S101: Divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions, and determine an optimal power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point refers to the operating point that enables the photovoltaic panels in the tracking sub-region to output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets.

[0052] Specifically, the photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions to achieve physical independent partitioning (each tracking sub-region contains a relatively independent set of photovoltaic panels). Then, combined with the current environmental conditions (such as light intensity, ambient temperature, etc.) and the performance characteristics of the photovoltaic panels, the optimal power generation operating point is determined in each tracking sub-region and used as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point is the core combination of operating parameters to achieve the best power generation efficiency. Specifically, it may include maximizing the output power of the tracking sub-region, keeping the output voltage / current of the tracking sub-region within a preset threshold range (adapting to the input requirements of the load or energy storage equipment and avoiding equipment failure caused by voltage / current sudden changes), or minimizing the energy consumption loss of the photovoltaic panels while meeting the basic power supply requirements, etc.

[0053] In some embodiments, before dividing the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions, the method further includes:

[0054] Multiple photovoltaic panels are connected to form the photovoltaic array, wherein the connection methods between the multiple photovoltaic panels include series connection and parallel connection;

[0055] Connect the photovoltaic array to the input terminal of the photovoltaic controller;

[0056] The process of dividing the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions specifically includes:

[0057] Based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions.

[0058] Specifically, prepare multiple photovoltaic panels and connect them using a combination of series and parallel connections, based on actual needs and design. For example, first connect several photovoltaic panels in series to form a group, then connect multiple such series combinations in parallel to form a complete photovoltaic array. Connect the connected photovoltaic array to the input terminal of the photovoltaic controller, ensuring a normal electrical connection between the photovoltaic array and the controller.

[0059] It should be noted that the current power generation operating point is dynamically calculated by the superimposed solar controller within each tracking sub-region. The role of the superimposed solar controller is to monitor and adjust, ensuring that each tracking sub-region operates in an optimal state.

[0060] Specifically, based on the series arrangement of the photovoltaic panels, the entire photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions. For example, it can be divided according to the number of photovoltaic panels connected in series or the number of rows connected in parallel, ensuring that each tracking sub-region contains a certain number of relatively independent photovoltaic panel combinations.

[0061] In some embodiments, after determining an optimal power generation operating point as the current power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region, the method further includes:

[0062] Each of the tracking sub-regions is assigned a unique identifier;

[0063] Establish a region and operating point ejection table, and store the unique identifier of each tracking sub-region and the corresponding current power generation operating point in the region and operating point ejection table.

[0064] Specifically, each divided tracking sub-region is assigned a unique identifier, and a region and working point ejection table is created. This table is used to store information such as the tracking sub-region, the unique identifier, and the current power generation working point data, so as to manage and query the power generation working points of each tracking sub-region in the future.

[0065] Step S102: Acquire monitoring data for each of the tracking sub-regions at regular or irregular intervals.

[0066] Specifically, each tracking sub-region is equipped with multiple data monitoring points, whose core function is to comprehensively collect data related to power generation. These monitoring points can be distributed at different locations of the photovoltaic panels and key electrical connection points. The photovoltaic controller obtains the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region through all the data monitoring points of each tracking sub-region at regular or irregular intervals.

[0067] Step S103: Determine whether there is a target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region.

[0068] Specifically, by analyzing the output power fluctuations of each tracking sub-region, combining environmental data, and comparing with historical benchmarks, if the degree to which its power generation performance deviates from the optimal state meets the preset threshold condition, then the sub-region is determined to be the target tracking sub-region that needs to update the current power generation operating point.

[0069] In some embodiments, the monitoring data includes current, voltage, ambient temperature, and light intensity; determining whether there is a target tracking sub-region requiring replacement of the current power generation operating point based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region specifically includes:

[0070] The monitoring data of each tracking sub-region are integrated, and the power of each data monitoring point is calculated based on the current and voltage in the monitoring data according to a preset power formula. The current output power of the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined by taking the average value or the maximum value.

[0071] Compare the current output power of each tracking sub-region with historical baseline data to analyze output power fluctuations.

[0072] By combining the ambient temperature and light intensity data from the monitoring data, the power fluctuations are analyzed to identify the specific causes of the fluctuations.

[0073] If the power fluctuation meets the preset threshold condition and the specific cause of the fluctuation has been identified, then the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined as the target tracking sub-region where the current power generation operating point needs to be replaced.

[0074] Specifically, first, voltage and current data measured at all monitoring points within the same tracking sub-region are collected. Since the monitoring points are located close to each other, their voltage values ​​are often consistent, while current values ​​may vary slightly due to local shading or differences in photovoltaic panel performance. Then, power calculation is performed: for each monitoring point, its output power is calculated using the formula "Power (P) = Voltage (V) × Current (I)". Subsequently, the power values ​​of each monitoring point are comprehensively considered, for example, by taking the average or selecting the maximum power value, as the current output power of the tracking sub-region. The calculated current output power is compared with historical benchmark data to analyze power fluctuations (such as fluctuation direction, amplitude, and duration). Simultaneously, a comprehensive judgment is made based on monitoring data such as ambient temperature and light intensity to identify the specific causes of the fluctuations, such as changes in light intensity, photovoltaic panel malfunctions, or dust obstruction. When the power fluctuation meets a preset threshold condition (such as the power fluctuation amplitude exceeding a preset threshold), and the cause of the fluctuation has been accurately identified, the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined to be the target tracking sub-region where the current power generation operating point needs to be replaced.

[0075] Step S104: In response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires changing the current power generation operating point, obtain the new optimal power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region and update it as the current power generation operating point.

[0076] Specifically, this new optimal power generation operating point enables the corresponding tracking sub-region to achieve better power generation efficiency under the current environment, helping to improve the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array under complex and variable lighting conditions.

[0077] In some embodiments, the step of responding to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires changing the current power generation operating point, obtaining a new optimal power generation operating point in the target tracking sub-region and updating it as the current power generation operating point, specifically includes:

[0078] In response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires the replacement of the current power generation operating point, an operating point replacement request is triggered.

[0079] The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is activated based on the operating point change request. The IV (Current-Voltage) curve is rescanned based on the monitoring data of the target tracking sub-region to find a new optimal power generation operating point.

[0080] An adjustment instruction is sent to the target tracking sub-region based on the new optimal power generation operating point, so that the current power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region is updated to the new optimal power generation operating point.

[0081] Specifically, after triggering the operating point change request, the MPPT algorithm is started based on the real-time monitoring data of the target tracking sub-region, and the IV curve of the sub-region is re-scanned to find a new optimal power generation operating point that is suitable for the current operating conditions. Then, the output voltage of the corresponding target tracking sub-region is adjusted according to the requirements of the new optimal power generation operating point to ensure that it operates at the new optimal power generation operating point to achieve power generation optimization. The voltage adjustment is achieved by adjusting the PWM duty cycle through the DC / DC converter, thereby changing the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel, matching the load impedance, and ensuring that the operating point is stable in the optimal state.

[0082] It should be noted that after the data monitoring points of each tracking sub-area collect the monitoring data, they upload it to the superimposed light controller. The superimposed light controller analyzes the data and identifies the cause of the fluctuation. Then, it automatically triggers and responds to the "operating point change request". Based on the monitoring data, it recalculates the optimal operating point and sends adjustment instructions (such as adjusting the voltage) to the corresponding tracking sub-area.

[0083] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0084] According to a preset fixed time period, the power generation data of each tracking sub-region and the status information of the superimposed light controller are summarized and uploaded;

[0085] Detect whether there are any abnormalities in the power generation data based on the power generation data and the status information of the superimposed solar controller;

[0086] In response to the presence of abnormal power generation data, a real-time transmission request is triggered, and the abnormal data is uploaded in real time.

[0087] Specifically, fixed data transmission time periods are established based on actual operational needs and data volume. For example, data transmission can be set to begin at the top of each hour, or during a specific time period each day (such as 1:00 AM to 2:00 AM). Within these fixed time periods, power generation data from each tracking sub-region is collected. This data includes power generation (the actual power generation capacity of the tracking sub-region at the current operating point), voltage, current, etc. Simultaneously, status information from the photovoltaic array controller is collected, such as the controller's operating mode and fault alarm information. The collected power generation data and photovoltaic array controller status information are organized and packaged, and then uploaded to a designated data center or monitoring platform via network or other communication methods. Once an anomaly in power generation data is detected, a real-time transmission request is immediately triggered, uploading relevant data (including the time of the anomaly, specific data values, etc.) in real time. This allows relevant personnel to promptly understand and handle anomalies, ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic array.

[0088] It should be noted that the photovoltaic power generation method provided in this disclosure improves the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array by dividing the tracking sub-region and dynamically adjusting the operating point in response to local environmental changes (such as shading and light fluctuations).

[0089] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation method may include the following steps:

[0090] S1. Establish a photovoltaic array, divide the array into multiple tracking sub-regions, and set the current power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region. The specific process includes:

[0091] 1) Connect multiple photovoltaic panels to form a photovoltaic array and connect them to the input terminals of the photovoltaic controller; the connection methods between the multiple photovoltaic panels include series connection and parallel connection;

[0092] Specifically, prepare multiple photovoltaic (PV) panels and connect them using a combination of series and parallel connections, based on actual needs and design. For example, first connect several PV panels in series to form a group, then connect multiple such series combinations in parallel to ultimately form a complete PV array. Connect the connected PV array to the input terminals of the PV array controller, ensuring a normal electrical connection between the PV array and the controller, thus preparing for subsequent power generation and monitoring.

[0093] 2) Divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions according to the photovoltaic panel string arrangement, and assign a unique identifier to each tracking sub-region;

[0094] Specifically, based on the series arrangement of the photovoltaic panels, the entire photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions. For example, it can be divided according to the number of photovoltaic panels connected in series or the number of rows connected in parallel, ensuring that each tracking sub-region contains a certain number of relatively independent photovoltaic panel combinations. Each divided tracking sub-region is assigned a unique identifier, which is used to accurately identify and distinguish each tracking sub-region in subsequent operations and data processing.

[0095] 3) Set multiple data monitoring points in each tracking sub-region, and set the initial operating point, i.e. the current power generation operating point, based on the monitoring data;

[0096] Specifically, multiple data monitoring points are set up within each tracking sub-region. These monitoring points can be distributed at different locations on the photovoltaic panels and at key electrical connection points to monitor data related to power generation, such as voltage, current, and temperature. Data is collected in real time by sensors installed at the monitoring points, and the data is analyzed and calculated to set the initial operating point for each tracking sub-region. The initial operating point is the current power generation operating point, which determines the initial power generation state of the photovoltaic array within that sub-region.

[0097] It should be noted that establishing the current power generation operating point refers to determining an optimal operating point within each tracking sub-region based on current environmental conditions (such as light intensity and ambient temperature) and the performance characteristics of the photovoltaic panels. This ensures that the photovoltaic panels within that tracking sub-region can output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets. This operating point is typically achieved by adjusting the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic panels.

[0098] The current power generation operating point is dynamically calculated by the superimposed solar power controller within each tracking sub-region using algorithms and real-time monitoring data. The role of the superimposed solar power controller is to monitor and adjust, ensuring that each tracking sub-region operates in an optimal state.

[0099] It should be noted that multiple data monitoring points are set up within each tracking sub-region, their core function being to comprehensively collect data related to power generation. Each monitoring point will focus on acquiring key electrical parameters such as voltage and current. However, not all monitoring points need to directly collect temperature data, although temperature is a crucial factor affecting photovoltaic panel performance. This data can be centrally acquired through dedicated temperature sensors deployed in key locations. The core significance of temperature monitoring lies in the fact that temperature directly affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels, and high-temperature environments easily lead to performance degradation. By accurately monitoring temperature data, on the one hand, the real-time operating status of photovoltaic panels can be more accurately assessed, providing data support for optimizing power generation operating point settings, thereby improving overall power generation efficiency; on the other hand, temperature data can also serve as an important basis for fault early warning (e.g., abnormally high temperatures may indicate equipment failure) and long-term performance evaluation of photovoltaic panels.

[0100] 4) Establish a region-operating point ejection table to store tracking sub-regions, unique identifiers, and current power generation operating point data.

[0101] Specifically, a region-operating point (OOP) reference table is created to store information such as tracking sub-regions, unique identifiers, and current operating point data. The relevant information for each tracking sub-region, including its unique identifier and corresponding current operating point data, is accurately entered into the region-operating point reference table for subsequent management and querying of the operating points in each tracking sub-region. For example, the region-operating point reference table can be shown in Table 1:

[0102] Table 1: Region-Workpoint Ejection Table

[0103]

[0104] S2. Real-time acquisition of current power generation operating point monitoring data, comparison with historical data, dynamic adjustment of the power generation operating point, and output of updated power generation operating point. The specific process includes:

[0105] 1) Acquire real-time monitoring data of the current power generation operating point and calculate the current output power of the current power generation operating point;

[0106] Specifically, data monitoring points installed in each tracking sub-region are used to acquire real-time monitoring data of the current power generation operating point. This data includes, but is not limited to, voltage and current. Based on the acquired voltage and current data, the current output power of the current power generation operating point is calculated.

[0107] Optionally, voltage and current data measured at all monitoring points within the same tracking sub-region are first collected. Since the monitoring points are located close to each other, their voltage values ​​are often quite consistent, while current values ​​may vary slightly due to local shading or differences in photovoltaic panel performance. Then, power calculation is performed: for each monitoring point, its output power is calculated using the formula "Power (P) = Voltage (V) × Current (I)". Subsequently, the power values ​​of all monitoring points are considered comprehensively, for example, by taking the average or selecting the maximum power value, as the current output power of the tracking sub-region.

[0108] 2) Compare the current output power with the historical records, identify the fluctuations in output power, determine the causes of the fluctuations, and trigger a change of operating point request;

[0109] Specifically, the calculated current output power is compared with historical power data to analyze power fluctuations, such as whether the power is increasing, decreasing, or fluctuating significantly. Based on the power fluctuations and other relevant data collected simultaneously (such as ambient temperature and light intensity), the causes of the power fluctuations are identified, which may be due to factors such as changes in light intensity, photovoltaic panel malfunction, or dust obstruction. Once a factor potentially causing power instability is identified, an operating point change request is triggered.

[0110] (a) Comparison method: The system stores historical power data for each tracking sub-region to form a baseline or reference value. By comparing the current output power with the historical baseline value, the power fluctuation can be assessed.

[0111] (b) Fluctuation: Output power fluctuation includes not only the fluctuation amplitude (such as the percentage increase or decrease in power), but may also include information such as fluctuation frequency and trend.

[0112] (c) Relevant Data Acquisition: Data such as ambient temperature and light intensity are usually collected by dedicated sensors, which may be integrated into the data monitoring points or set up independently. After data acquisition, the data is uploaded to the superimposed light controller for unified processing and analysis.

[0113] (d) Cause identification: The photovoltaic controller combines power fluctuations, environmental data and photovoltaic panel status information, and uses algorithms to analyze and identify the causes of power fluctuations, such as changes in sunlight, photovoltaic panel failures or dust obstruction.

[0114] (e) Triggering Conditions: When the power fluctuation exceeds a preset threshold, the system will identify the cause of the fluctuation and trigger an operating point replacement request. The threshold value depends on the specific design and operating requirements of the photovoltaic system. If the fluctuation is within an acceptable range, a replacement request will not be triggered.

[0115] It's important to note that if power fluctuations are significant but the specific cause remains unidentified, a change of operating point request will not be immediately triggered. Blindly changing the operating point may not resolve the issue and could even lead to more serious consequences. Cause identification relies on algorithms that comprehensively analyze various data sources, including power fluctuation patterns, environmental data trends, and historical performance data of the photovoltaic panels. Pattern recognition and machine learning techniques are used to improve the accuracy and reliability of the identification process.

[0116] 3) Receive replacement requests, find new operating points based on monitoring data, update the power generation operating points, and adjust the output voltage of the photovoltaic array;

[0117] Specifically, upon receiving a request to change the operating point, the controller searches for a more suitable operating point for the current conditions based on real-time monitoring data. If the current power is lower than the historical baseline, the controller initiates the MPPT algorithm to rescan the IV curve of the sub-region to find a new maximum power point. This new operating point should enable the photovoltaic array to achieve better power generation efficiency under the current environment.

[0118] Specifically, after finding the new optimal power generation operating point, the output voltage of the photovoltaic array is adjusted according to the requirements of this operating point to ensure that the photovoltaic array operates according to the new operating point in order to optimize the power generation. Specifically, the PWM duty cycle is adjusted by the DC / DC converter to change the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel so as to match the load impedance and ensure that the operating point is stable at the maximum power point.

[0119] It should be noted that updating the power generation operating point refers to recalculating and determining a new optimal operating point based on real-time monitored environmental data and the output performance of the photovoltaic panels, in order to cope with environmental changes or photovoltaic panel performance degradation. This process may involve adjusting the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic array to ensure that the photovoltaic panels always operate near their maximum power point.

[0120] 4) Update the region-workpoint ejection table based on the unique identifier of the tracking sub-region.

[0121] Specifically, based on the unique identifier of each tracking sub-region, the corresponding record is found in the region-operating point ejector table. The updated power generation operating point data replaces the original data, completing the update of the region-operating point ejector table and ensuring that the data in the table always reflects the latest power generation operating point status of each tracking sub-region.

[0122] S3. Establish a data transmission time period, and transmit monitoring data for each tracking sub-region according to this time period. The specific process includes:

[0123] 1) Establish fixed data transmission time periods;

[0124] Specifically, fixed data transmission time periods should be established based on actual operational needs and data volume. For example, data transmission can be scheduled to begin at the top of each hour, or during specific time periods each day (such as 1 a.m. to 2 a.m.) to ensure orderly data transmission and efficient use of system resources.

[0125] 2) During the transmission period, collect and upload the power generation data and the status information of the superimposed photovoltaic controller for each sub-region;

[0126] Specifically, within a fixed data transmission period, power generation data for each tracking sub-region is collected. This data includes power generation (referring to the actual power generation capacity of the tracking sub-region at the current operating point), voltage, current, etc. Simultaneously, status information of the superimposed photovoltaic (SPV) controller is collected, such as the controller's operating mode and fault alarm information. The collected power generation data and SPV controller status information are then organized and packaged, and uploaded to a designated data center or monitoring platform via network or other communication methods for further analysis and processing.

[0127] 3) Obtain abnormal power generation data and trigger a real-time transmission request to upload data in real time for abnormal situations.

[0128] Specifically, during the power generation process, the system monitors the power generation data in real time for any abnormalities, such as a sudden and significant drop in power output or abnormal voltage fluctuations. Once an abnormality is detected, a real-time transmission request is immediately triggered, uploading relevant data, including the time of the abnormality and specific data values, so that relevant personnel can promptly understand and address the issue, ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic array.

[0129] It should be noted that the tandem photovoltaic (PV) power generation method disclosed herein can flexibly adapt to diverse application scenarios. Whether in regions with significantly different solar radiation conditions, in different installation environments such as rooftops or ground surfaces, or in different photovoltaic array configurations, this solution can effectively adapt through its intelligent monitoring and control mechanism. The system collects real-time operational data from each tracking sub-region, uses intelligent algorithms to analyze local solar radiation characteristics and environmental influencing factors, and dynamically generates the optimal power generation strategy. This data-driven adaptive mechanism ensures that the solution maintains efficient operation under different geographical environments and climatic conditions, possessing broad application value.

[0130] In another specific embodiment, this tandem photovoltaic (PV) power generation method is applied to a PV power generation system, which includes a power generation operating point establishment module, a power generation operating point update module, and a monitoring data transmission module. Wherein:

[0131] The power generation operating point setting module is used to establish a photovoltaic array, divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions, and set the current power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region;

[0132] The power generation operating point update module is used to acquire the current power generation operating point monitoring data in real time, compare it with historical data, dynamically adjust the power generation operating point, and output the updated power generation operating point.

[0133] The monitoring data transmission module is used to set a data transmission time period and transmit monitoring data for each tracking sub-area according to the time period.

[0134] The tandem photovoltaic (PV) power generation method provided in this disclosure divides the photovoltaic array into multiple independent tracking sub-regions. For each sub-region, an optimal power generation operating point is determined to achieve maximum power output or other preset power generation targets. By combining monitoring data collected periodically or irregularly from each sub-region, the method accurately identifies the target tracking sub-region requiring adjustment and updates its optimal power generation operating point. This achieves precise and independent control of areas within the photovoltaic array affected by local environmental changes, ensuring each sub-region always operates in its optimal power generation state. This significantly improves the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array under complex and variable lighting conditions. It solves the problem of reduced overall power generation efficiency in existing tandem photovoltaic methods under complex and variable lighting conditions due to the lack of individual adjustment capabilities for areas affected by local environmental changes within the photovoltaic array.

[0135] It is understood that the various method embodiments mentioned above in this disclosure can be combined with each other to form combined embodiments without violating the principle and logic. Due to space limitations, this disclosure will not elaborate further. Those skilled in the art will understand that in the above methods of specific implementation, the specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic.

[0136] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a photovoltaic power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0137] Reference Figure 3 This disclosure provides a photovoltaic (PV) superposition power generation device for performing the above-described PV superposition power generation method. The device includes:

[0138] The tracking sub-region division module 11 is used to divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions and determine an optimal power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point refers to the operating point that enables the photovoltaic panels in the tracking sub-region to output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets.

[0139] The monitoring data acquisition module 12 is connected to the tracking sub-region division module 11 and is used to acquire monitoring data of each tracking sub-region at regular or irregular intervals.

[0140] The working point replacement judgment module 13 is connected to the monitoring data acquisition module 12 and is used to determine whether there is a target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region.

[0141] The power generation operating point update module 14 is connected to the operating point replacement judgment module 13. It is used to obtain the new optimal power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region and update it as the current power generation operating point in response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced.

[0142] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0143] A photovoltaic array building module is used to connect multiple photovoltaic panels to form the photovoltaic array, wherein the connection methods between the multiple photovoltaic panels include series connection and parallel connection;

[0144] An access module is used to connect the photovoltaic array to the input terminal of the photovoltaic controller;

[0145] The tracking sub-region division module 11 includes:

[0146] The tracking sub-region division unit is used to divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array.

[0147] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0148] An identifier assignment module is used to assign a unique identifier to each of the tracking sub-regions;

[0149] The ejector table establishment module is used to establish an area and operating point ejector table, which stores the unique identifier of each tracking sub-region and the corresponding current power generation operating point.

[0150] Optionally, each of the tracking sub-regions is provided with multiple data monitoring points, and the monitoring data acquisition module 12 is specifically used for:

[0151] Monitoring data for each tracking sub-region is acquired periodically or irregularly through all data monitoring points in each tracking sub-region.

[0152] Optionally, the monitoring data includes current, voltage, ambient temperature, and light intensity; the operating point change judgment module 13 specifically includes:

[0153] The current output power determination unit is used to integrate the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region, calculate the power of each data monitoring point based on the current and voltage in the monitoring data according to the preset power formula, and determine the current output power of the corresponding tracking sub-region by taking the average value or the maximum value.

[0154] A power fluctuation output unit is used to compare the current output power of each tracking sub-region with historical reference data and output the power fluctuation status.

[0155] The fluctuation cause identification unit is used to analyze the power fluctuation by combining the ambient temperature and light intensity in the monitoring data, and identify the specific fluctuation cause.

[0156] The replacement determination unit is used to determine the corresponding tracking sub-region as the target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced if the power fluctuation situation meets the preset threshold condition and the specific cause of the fluctuation has been identified.

[0157] Optionally, the power generation operating point update module 14 specifically includes:

[0158] The replacement request triggering unit is used to trigger a work point replacement request in response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires the replacement of the current power generation work point;

[0159] The optimal power generation operating point search unit is used to initiate the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm according to the operating point change request, and rescan the current-voltage (IV) curve based on the monitoring data of the target tracking sub-region to find a new optimal power generation operating point.

[0160] An update and adjustment unit is used to send an adjustment instruction to the target tracking sub-region according to the new optimal power generation operating point, so that the current power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region is updated to the new optimal power generation operating point.

[0161] Optionally, the device further includes:

[0162] The aggregation and upload module is used to aggregate and upload the power generation data of each tracking sub-region and the status information of the superimposed light controller according to a preset fixed time period.

[0163] An anomaly detection module is used to detect whether there are any anomalies in the power generation data based on the power generation data and the status information of the photovoltaic controller;

[0164] The abnormal data upload module is used to respond to the existence of abnormal power generation data, trigger a real-time transmission request, and upload the abnormal data in real time.

[0165] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0166] Reference Figure 4 This disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes: at least one processor 701; at least one memory 702; and one or more I / O interfaces 703 connected between the processor 701 and the memory 702; wherein the memory 702 stores one or more computer programs that can be executed by at least one processor 701, and the one or more computer programs are executed by at least one processor 701 to enable at least one processor 701 to perform the above-described photovoltaic power generation method.

[0167] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described photovoltaic power generation method. The computer-readable storage medium may be volatile or non-volatile.

[0168] In summary, the photovoltaic (PV) power generation method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium provided in this disclosure divide the photovoltaic array into multiple independent tracking sub-regions. For each sub-region, an optimal power generation operating point is determined to achieve maximum power output or other preset power generation targets. By combining monitoring data collected periodically or irregularly from each sub-region, the target tracking sub-region requiring adjustment of its operating point is accurately identified and its optimal power generation operating point is updated. This achieves precise and independent control of areas within the PV array affected by local environmental changes, ensuring that each sub-region always operates in its optimal power generation state. This significantly improves the overall power generation efficiency of the PV array under complex and variable lighting conditions. It solves the problem of reduced overall PV power generation efficiency in existing PV power generation methods under complex and variable lighting conditions due to the lack of individual adjustment capabilities for areas affected by local environmental changes within the PV array.

[0169] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps, systems, and apparatuses disclosed above, and their functional modules / units, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof. In hardware implementations, the division between functional modules / units mentioned above does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function or step may be performed collaboratively by several physical components. Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable storage medium, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media).

[0170] As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer-readable program instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), flash memory or other memory technologies, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, it is known to those skilled in the art that communication media typically contain computer-readable program instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0171] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0172] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0173] This disclosure has disclosed exemplary embodiments, and although specific terminology has been used, it is for general illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with particular embodiments may be used alone, or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with other embodiments, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure as set forth by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating electricity by superposition of solar panels, characterized in that, The method includes: The photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions, and an optimal power generation operating point is determined in each tracking sub-region as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point refers to the operating point that enables the photovoltaic panels in the tracking sub-region to output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets. Acquire monitoring data for each of the tracking sub-regions at regular or irregular intervals; Based on the monitoring data of each of the aforementioned tracking sub-regions, determine whether there is a target tracking sub-region that requires replacement of the current power generation operating point; In response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires a change of the current power generation operating point, the new optimal power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region is obtained and updated as the current power generation operating point.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before dividing the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions, the method further includes: Multiple photovoltaic panels are connected to form the photovoltaic array, wherein the connection methods between the multiple photovoltaic panels include series connection and parallel connection; Connect the photovoltaic array to the input terminal of the photovoltaic controller; The process of dividing the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions specifically includes: Based on the arrangement of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array, the photovoltaic array is divided into multiple tracking sub-regions.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining an optimal power generation operating point as the current power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region, the method further includes: Each of the tracking sub-regions is assigned a unique identifier; Establish a region and operating point ejection table, and store the unique identifier of each tracking sub-region and the corresponding current power generation operating point in the region and operating point ejection table.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the tracking sub-regions has multiple data monitoring points set up, and the acquisition of monitoring data from each tracking sub-region at regular or irregular intervals specifically includes: Monitoring data for each tracking sub-region is acquired periodically or irregularly through all data monitoring points in each tracking sub-region.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The monitoring data includes current, voltage, ambient temperature, and light intensity. The step of determining whether there is a target tracking sub-region requiring replacement of the current power generation operating point based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region specifically includes: The monitoring data of each tracking sub-region are integrated, and the power of each data monitoring point is calculated based on the current and voltage in the monitoring data according to a preset power formula. The current output power of the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined by taking the average value or the maximum value. Compare the current output power of each tracking sub-region with historical baseline data to analyze output power fluctuations. By combining the ambient temperature and light intensity data from the monitoring data, the power fluctuations are analyzed to identify the specific causes of the fluctuations. If the power fluctuation meets the preset threshold condition and the specific cause of the fluctuation has been identified, then the corresponding tracking sub-region is determined as the target tracking sub-region where the current power generation operating point needs to be replaced.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of responding to the existence of a target tracking sub-region where the current power generation operating point needs to be changed, obtaining the new optimal power generation operating point in the target tracking sub-region and updating it as the current power generation operating point, specifically includes: In response to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that requires the replacement of the current power generation operating point, an operating point replacement request is triggered. Based on the operating point change request, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm is activated, and the current-voltage (IV) curve is rescanned based on the monitoring data of the target tracking sub-region to find a new optimal power generation operating point. An adjustment instruction is sent to the target tracking sub-region based on the new optimal power generation operating point, so that the current power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region is updated to the new optimal power generation operating point.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: According to a preset fixed time period, the power generation data of each tracking sub-region and the status information of the superimposed light controller are summarized and uploaded; Detect whether there are any abnormalities in the power generation data based on the power generation data and the status information of the superimposed solar controller; In response to the presence of abnormal power generation data, a real-time transmission request is triggered, and the abnormal data is uploaded in real time.

8. A photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that, The device includes: The tracking sub-region division module is used to divide the photovoltaic array into multiple tracking sub-regions and determine an optimal power generation operating point in each tracking sub-region as the current power generation operating point. The optimal power generation operating point refers to the operating point that enables the photovoltaic panels in the tracking sub-region to output maximum power or achieve other preset power generation targets. The monitoring data acquisition module is connected to the tracking sub-region division module and is used to acquire monitoring data of each tracking sub-region at regular or irregular intervals. The working point replacement judgment module is connected to the monitoring data acquisition module and is used to determine whether there is a target tracking sub-region that needs to be replaced based on the monitoring data of each tracking sub-region. The power generation operating point update module, connected to the operating point replacement judgment module, is used to respond to the existence of a target tracking sub-region that needs to change the current power generation operating point, obtain the new optimal power generation operating point of the target tracking sub-region and update it as the current power generation operating point.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores one or more computer programs that can be executed by the at least one processor, the one or more of the computer programs being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the tandem photovoltaic method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the photovoltaic power generation method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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