Monitoring equipment and method suitable for side slope geological disasters

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring device and method suitable for side slope geological disasters, and relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, the monitoring device comprises a support, a power distribution box is installed in the middle of the support, a water collection tank is installed above the support close to the power distribution box, and a photovoltaic panel is circumferentially arranged above the support close to the water collection tank. The monitoring equipment suitable for the side slope geological disasters further comprises a uniform spraying regulation and control mechanism and a filtering and collecting mechanism. According to the scheme, in the folding and storage process of the photovoltaic panel, through mechanical linkage of the sliding column and the piston rod, pushing of a clean water source can be completed without an additional driving mechanism, meanwhile, driving teeth are driven to be meshed with meshing tooth grooves, and rotation of the rotating rod and reciprocating scraping of the scraping plate are achieved. The cleaning action is deeply bound with the storage and unfolding operation, extra energy consumption is reduced, and high energy consumption and fault risks caused by the fact that traditional equipment cleaning and main body operation are independent are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological disaster monitoring technology, specifically to a monitoring device and method suitable for slope geological disasters. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of slope geological disaster monitoring, existing monitoring equipment mostly relies on photovoltaic power supply to adapt to the absence of power grid in the field. It is usually equipped with basic components such as photovoltaic panels, power supply boxes and brackets. Some equipment will be equipped with water collection devices to realize rainwater recycling and provide water source for equipment cleaning or auxiliary operation. The core is to build a monitoring system around "continuous power supply + basic function adaptation" to meet the basic monitoring needs of slope displacement, environmental parameters and other parameters.

[0003] However, existing photovoltaic panels mostly use fixed installations or simple folding structures, lacking targeted protective designs. Slope areas are prone to sudden disasters such as mudslides and rockfalls, and exposed photovoltaic panels are easily damaged by impacts. At the same time, dust and silt accumulate quickly in the field environment, and the surface of photovoltaic panels needs to be cleaned manually after contamination. This is not only difficult and costly to operate, but also can lead to a significant decrease in power generation efficiency if cleaning is not done in a timely manner.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing equipment lacks sufficient integration between rainwater collection and cleaning functions. Most water collection devices have limited filtration effects, and the mud and impurities contained in rainwater can easily clog pipes, affecting water recycling. Moreover, the cleaning components are mostly single rotating or spray structures, with a limited cleaning method that is difficult to thoroughly remove stubborn stains from the photovoltaic panel surface. In addition, the cleaning action is independent of the photovoltaic panel storage and unfolding operations, requiring additional drive mechanisms, which increases equipment energy consumption and the risk of failure.

[0005] Therefore, a monitoring device and method suitable for slope geological disasters are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a monitoring device and method suitable for slope geological disasters, so as to solve the problem of low power generation efficiency of existing photovoltaic technology due to external dust.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a monitoring device and method suitable for slope geological disasters, including a support frame, a power distribution box installed in the middle of the support frame, and a water collection tank installed above the power distribution box on the support frame, characterized in that a photovoltaic panel is arranged on the circumference of the support frame near the water collection tank, and the monitoring device suitable for slope geological disasters further includes a uniform spraying control mechanism and a filtration and collection mechanism; The uniform spraying control mechanism is installed on the photovoltaic panel and is used for the automatic cleaning and storage of the photovoltaic panel. The filter collection mechanism is installed on the water collection tank and is used to assist the automatic cleaning component in cleaning.

[0008] Preferably, the uniform spraying control mechanism includes a protective cover, which is mounted on a bracket. A fixing plate is uniformly rotatably mounted in the middle of the protective cover. The fixing plate is fixedly mounted on a photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panels are evenly arranged around the circumference of the protective cover and are spaced at the same height. A sliding column is slidably mounted in the middle of the fixing plate.

[0009] Preferably, a piston rod is fixedly installed in the middle of the sliding column, the piston rod is slidably installed in the photovoltaic panel, a buffer spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the piston rod, one end of the buffer spring is fixedly installed in the fixed plate, the other end of the buffer spring is fixedly installed on the sliding column, the photovoltaic panels are rotatably installed with the support plate, and the two ends of the sliding column are rotatably installed with the two side fixed plates through the rotating plate.

[0010] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel has a water collection cavity in the middle, the piston rod is slidably installed in the water collection cavity at the end away from the slide column, and has good sealing performance. The end of the photovoltaic panel water collection cavity away from the buffer spring is equipped with a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the water collection tank through a flexible hose.

[0011] Preferably, the uniform spraying control mechanism further includes an automatic cleaning component, which is disposed in the photovoltaic panel. An auxiliary groove is provided at one end of the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel. A rotating rod is rotatably installed in the auxiliary groove of the photovoltaic panel. An arc-shaped guide ring is uniformly fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating rod. Limiting clamps are provided on both sides of the outer surface of the arc-shaped guide ring. Water spray holes are uniformly opened on the outer surface of the rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding rod is fixedly installed at the middle of the end of the limiting clamp away from the arc-shaped guide ring. The two ends of the sliding rod are slidably installed in the auxiliary grooves opened in the photovoltaic panel. A scraper is fixedly installed on the sliding rod near the outer surface of the limiting clamp. The limiting clamp and the scraper are linearly and evenly arranged on the sliding rod. A return spring is sleeved on the outer surface of both ends of the sliding rod. One end of the return spring is fixedly installed on the sliding rod, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly installed in the auxiliary groove of the rotating rod. A drive tooth is fixedly installed at the middle of one end of the rotating rod. A meshing groove is opened on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the tooth surface of the drive tooth meshes in the meshing groove. The photovoltaic panels are set at equal heights.

[0013] Preferably, the filtration and collection mechanism includes a conduit, one end of which is fixedly connected to a water collection tank, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a water collection trough. The inner surface of the water collection trough is sloped, and a flow guide hood is provided in the middle of the water collection trough. A filter plate is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the flow guide hood. The outer periphery of the filter plate away from the drive scraper is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water collection trough. A drive scraper is rotatably installed in the middle of the flow guide hood. The lower surface of the drive scraper slides on the upper surface of the filter plate. Micro-filtration holes are uniformly provided on the outer surface of the flow guide hood for impurity isolation.

[0014] A monitoring method applicable to slope geological hazards includes the following steps: S1 Equipment Deployment: The bracket is fixedly installed in the slope monitoring area to ensure that the power distribution box, water collection tank and photovoltaic panel are installed firmly. Rainwater is collected through the water collection tank of the filter collection mechanism. After the rainwater is initially filtered through the micro water filter holes of the guide hood and then filtered again through the filter plate, it flows into the water collection tank for storage through the conduit. S2 Photovoltaic Panel Deployment and Water Pre-storage: The photovoltaic panel is deployed by a drive structure. During the deployment process, the piston rod slides relative to the water collection chamber of the photovoltaic panel. Under the action of the one-way valve, the water in the water collection tank is sucked into the water collection chamber for pre-storage. S3 PV panel cleaning trigger: The cleaning process is initiated when the surface contamination status of the PV panel or external environmental conditions are monitored by sensors and the cleaning threshold is met. S4 Linked Cleaning Operation: The photovoltaic panel is folded and stored. During the folding process, the sliding column slides and compresses the buffer spring, pushing the piston rod to move into the water collection chamber. The water in the water collection chamber is transported to the rotating rod through the hose and sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the spray hole. At the same time, the folding of the photovoltaic panel causes the drive teeth to roll along the meshing groove, driving the rotating rod to rotate. The arc-shaped guide rail ring squeezes the limiting clamp, pushing the sliding rod to slide back and forth, driving the scraper to scrape and clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel. The brush on the rotating rod assists in cleaning at the same time. S5 filter plate cleaning: The micro drive motor drives the scraper to rotate, pushing the impurities accumulated on the surface of the filter plate into the drop trough of the water collection tank for discharge, thus avoiding filter blockage; S6 Photovoltaic Panel Reset: After cleaning, the photovoltaic panel is re-expanded, the piston rod is reset and water is drawn from the water tank into the water collection chamber again, and the equipment resumes monitoring power supply status.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the monitoring equipment and method for slope geological disasters provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. Integrated protection and storage for photovoltaic panels; This solution utilizes a circumferentially distributed and foldable photovoltaic panel design, combined with a protective cover structure, to quickly store the photovoltaic panels in severe weather or disaster risks, preventing them from being exposed to the elements and damaged by mudslides or falling rocks. This solves the problem of existing fixed or simply foldable photovoltaic panels lacking targeted protection, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to the field.

[0016] 2. Energy saving through coordinated cleaning and storage actions; During the folding and storage of photovoltaic panels, the mechanical linkage of the sliding column and piston rod enables the pushing of cleaning water without the need for an additional drive mechanism. Simultaneously, it drives the drive teeth to engage with the meshing groove, achieving the rotation of the rotating rod and the reciprocating scraping of the scraper. The cleaning action is deeply integrated with the storage and unfolding operations, reducing additional energy consumption and avoiding the high energy consumption and malfunction risks associated with the independent cleaning and main operation of traditional equipment.

[0017] 3. Multiple cleaning steps enhance stain removal effectiveness; Combining a triple cleaning method of spraying, scraping with a scraper, and brush-assisted cleaning, the rotating rod sprays water evenly, the arc-shaped guide ring drives the scraper to efficiently remove stubborn stains, and the brush simultaneously cleans up residual impurities. Compared with existing single spraying or rotating cleaning methods, it removes dirt more thoroughly and can continuously ensure the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels.

[0018] 4. Rainwater collection and filtration is highly efficient and reliable; The filtration and collection mechanism adopts a dual structure of preliminary filtration through micro-filtration holes in the flow guide hood and secondary filtration through filter plates. It is also equipped with a driven scraper to automatically clean impurities from the filter plates, preventing pipe blockage. The sloping design of the water collection tank and the flow guide hood improve rainwater collection efficiency, solving the problems of poor filtration and easy clogging in traditional water collection devices, and ensuring a stable supply of clean water.

[0019] 5. High degree of automation and convenient operation and maintenance; By monitoring the contamination status of photovoltaic panels and environmental conditions through sensors, the system automatically triggers processes such as cleaning, storage, and filter cleaning, eliminating the need for manual on-site operation. The entire process, from rainwater collection and water pre-storage to cleaning operations and equipment reset, is fully automated, significantly reducing the cost and complexity of manual maintenance in field slope monitoring scenarios. (See attached diagram.) Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an auxiliary schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship of the automatic cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection relationship of the filtering and collection mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Bracket; 11. Distribution box; 12. Water collection tank; 13. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Uniform spraying control mechanism; 21. Protective cover; 22. Drive plate; 23. Fixing plate; 24. Sliding column; 25. Piston rod; 26. Buffer spring; 3. Automatic cleaning assembly; 31. Rotating rod; 32. Arc-shaped guide ring; 33. Limiting clamp; 34. Slide rod; 35. Scraper; 36. Return spring; 37. Drive gear; 38. Gear groove; 4. Filtration and collection mechanism; 41. Conduit; 42. Water collection tank; 43. Flow guide cover; 44. Drive scraper; 45. Filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown: To address the problems mentioned in the technical solutions, this application provides a monitoring device and method suitable for slope geological hazards, including a support frame 1. A power distribution box 11 is mounted in the middle of the support frame 1. A water collection tank 12 is installed on the support frame 1 above the power distribution box 11. Photovoltaic panels 13 are arranged in a circular pattern around the outer periphery of the support frame 1 above the water collection tank 12. Furthermore, the monitoring device integrates a uniform spraying control mechanism 2 and a filtration and collection mechanism 4, each performing different functional responsibilities.

[0024] The uniform spraying control mechanism 2 is mounted on the photovoltaic panel 13, and its core function is to realize the automatic cleaning and storage operation of the photovoltaic panel 13; the filter collection mechanism 4 is installed on the water collection tank 12, and its function is to provide auxiliary support for the cleaning operation of the automatic cleaning component 3.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the uniform spraying control mechanism 2 includes a protective cover 21, which is fixedly mounted on the bracket 1. Rotatable fixed plates 23 are evenly arranged circumferentially in the middle of the protective cover 21. The fixed plates 23 are fixedly connected to the photovoltaic panels 13, so that the photovoltaic panels 13 are evenly distributed circumferentially above the protective cover 21, and the photovoltaic panels 13 are evenly spaced along the height direction. A sliding through hole is opened in the middle of the fixed plate 23, and a sliding column 24 slides through the through hole. A piston rod 25 is fixedly connected to the middle of the sliding column 24, and the piston rod 25 is slidably assembled in a pre-set installation channel inside the photovoltaic panel 13. A buffer spring 26 is sleeved on the outer surface of the piston rod 25. One end of the buffer spring 26 is fixed inside the fixed plate 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding column 24. Adjacent photovoltaic panels 13 are rotatably connected through support plates, and the two ends of the sliding column 24 are rotatably connected to the corresponding fixed plates 23 on both sides through rotating plates.

[0026] A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of one end of the drive plate 22. This drive shaft passes through the fixed plate 23 and is fixedly connected to the uppermost photovoltaic panel 13. Driving the drive plate 22 with a drive motor allows all the photovoltaic panels 13 to be folded and stowed synchronously. Because the photovoltaic panels 13 are arranged circumferentially and at equal intervals along the height direction, each photovoltaic panel 13 can be folded and stowed to the middle of the protective cover 21 when the drive plate 22 rotates. This design effectively protects the photovoltaic panels 13 in severe weather conditions, significantly reducing the risk of impact damage from mudslides or rockfalls.

[0027] In this further optimized design, a water collection cavity is provided inside the photovoltaic panel 13. The end of the piston rod 25 away from the sliding column 24 is slidably fitted into this water collection cavity, and the two maintain good sealing performance. A connecting pipe is connected to the end of the water collection cavity on the photovoltaic panel 13 away from the buffer spring 26. This connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the water collection tank 12 through a flexible hose. When the photovoltaic panel 13 rotates synchronously in the circumferential direction, by means of the rotational connection structure between the central fixed plate 23 and the support plate, and the sliding action of the sliding column 24 on the fixed plate 23, only an adjusting rotational force needs to be applied to a single photovoltaic panel 13, and the synchronous storage of all photovoltaic panels 13 can be achieved through the linkage action of the sliding column 24.

[0028] During the retraction of the photovoltaic panel 13, the sliding column 24 slides to one side of the photovoltaic panel 13. At this time, the buffer spring 26 is compressed, and the piston rod 25 is simultaneously pushed into the water collection chamber of the photovoltaic panel 13. Since the piston rod 25 and the water collection chamber form a cylinder-piston type cooperation structure, the water in the water collection chamber is transported to the rotating rod 31 through the hose during the advancement of the piston rod 25. The rotating rod 31 has drainage holes evenly distributed along the axial direction in the middle, so clean water can be supplied to the rotating rod 31 simultaneously when the photovoltaic panel 13 is folded. Conversely, when the photovoltaic panel 13 is unfolded, the piston rod 25 and the piston of the water collection chamber will draw the water in the water collection tank 12 back into the water collection chamber. To achieve precise pumping and drainage control, a one-way valve is installed in the water collection chamber, and the directional flow of water is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the one-way valve.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the automatic cleaning component 3 is integrated into the structure of the photovoltaic panel 13. An auxiliary mounting groove is provided at one end of the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel 13, and the rotating rod 31 is rotatably assembled into the auxiliary mounting groove through a rotating shaft seat. An arc-shaped guide ring 32 is uniformly fixed along the axial direction on the outer surface of the rotating rod 31, and limit clamps 33 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer surface of the arc-shaped guide ring 32.

[0030] A sliding rod 34 is fixedly connected to the middle of the end of the limiting clamp 33 away from the arc-shaped guide ring 32. The two ends of the sliding rod 34 are slidably fitted into the sliding guide rails preset on the inner wall of the auxiliary mounting groove of the photovoltaic panel 13. A scraper 35 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sliding rod 34 near the limiting clamp 33. The limiting clamp 33 and the scraper 35 are linearly and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sliding rod 34. A return spring 36 is sleeved on the outer surface of both ends of the sliding rod 34. One end of the return spring 36 is fixed to the sliding rod 34, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the auxiliary mounting groove of the photovoltaic panel 13. The return spring 36 makes the sliding rod 34 slide more linearly and smoothly.

[0031] Furthermore, a drive tooth 37 is fixedly installed at the middle of one end of the rotating rod 31, and a meshing groove 38 matching the drive tooth 37 is formed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 13. The drive tooth 37 and the meshing groove 38 mesh with each other. Combined with the structural design of the photovoltaic panels 13 being arranged at equal intervals along the height direction as described above, the drive tooth 37 at the bottom of the upper photovoltaic panel 13 meshes precisely with the meshing groove 38 on the upper surface of the lower photovoltaic panel 13. When the photovoltaic panel 13 is folded, it will drive the drive tooth 37 to roll along the meshing groove 38, thereby driving the rotating rod 31 to rotate synchronously.

[0032] During the rotation of the rotating rod 31, the arc-shaped guide ring 32 rotates synchronously and exerts a squeezing force on the limiting clamps 33 on both sides. This squeezing force pushes the slide rod 34 to reciprocate within the auxiliary mounting groove of the photovoltaic panel 13. The reciprocating sliding of the slide rod 34 drives the scraper 35 to move synchronously, achieving scraping and cleaning of the surface of the next layer of photovoltaic panel 13. At the same time, the water source delivered to the rotating rod 31 by the uniform spraying control mechanism 2 is sprayed synchronously onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13, thus completing the surface cleaning operation during the folding or unfolding of the photovoltaic panel 13. Compared with the single rotation cleaning method in the prior art, this solution achieves the dual effect of rotation cleaning and reciprocating scraping cleaning through the synergistic effect of the reciprocating motion of the slide rod 34 and the rotation of the rotating rod 31. In addition, the outer surface of the rotating rod 31 is also uniformly provided with a brush structure. When the rotating rod 31 rotates, it can drive the brush to perform auxiliary cleaning on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13, further improving the cleaning effect.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the filtration and collection mechanism 4 includes a conduit 41, one end of which is fixedly connected to the water collection tank 12, and the other end is sealed to the water collection trough 42. The inner surface of the water collection trough 42 is designed with a sloping structure to facilitate the collection and diversion of rainwater. A flow guide hood 43 is installed in the middle of the water collection trough 42, and a filter plate 45 is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the flow guide hood 43. The outer periphery of the filter plate 45 away from the drive scraper 44 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water collection trough 42. A drive scraper 44 is rotatably mounted in the middle of the flow guide hood 43 via a rotating shaft, and the lower surface of the drive scraper 44 slides against the upper surface of the filter plate 45.

[0034] The outer surface of the guide shroud 43 is uniformly provided with micro-filtration holes, which can achieve preliminary isolation between rainwater and impurities. When rainwater drips onto the surface of the guide shroud 43, the rainwater flows along the slope of the guide shroud 43 and permeates through the micro-filtration holes to the filter plate 45, while impurities slide down to the upper surface of the filter plate 45 under the guiding effect, thus achieving the filtration and separation of impurities. After filtration, the rainwater flows into the water collection tank 12 through the conduit 41 under the guiding effect of the bottom slope of the water collection tank 42, thereby achieving convenient collection of water source.

[0035] It should be noted that a miniature drive motor is installed in the middle of the flow guide shroud 43, which can drive the scraper 44 to rotate. When the scraper 44 rotates, it can push the impurities accumulated on the surface of the filter plate 45 into the pre-set drop trough in the water collection tank 42 for discharge, effectively avoiding the filter clogging problem caused by impurity accumulation. This solution adopts an automated control design as a whole. Through sensors, the pollution status of the photovoltaic panel 13 and the external environmental conditions are monitored in real time, thereby realizing the automated management of the folding and storage of the photovoltaic panel 13 and the automated cleaning of impurities on the surface of the filter plate 45.

[0036] Example 2: The specific application process of this solution is as follows: First, during the equipment deployment and initial preparation phase, the core area for slope monitoring must be selected. Based on the terrain conditions, the support frame 1 should be fixed in place, using anchor bolts or concrete pouring to ensure the stability of the support base and prevent slight slope displacement from causing equipment tilting. Then, the distribution box 11 in the middle of the support frame 1, the water collection tank 12 above the distribution box 11, and the photovoltaic panels 13 distributed circumferentially above the water collection tank 12 should be assembled sequentially. After assembly, the tightness of the connecting bolts of each component should be checked to ensure that the cable interfaces are properly sealed and protected to adapt to the humid and dusty outdoor environment. Simultaneously, the filter and receiver should be tested and adjusted. The collection mechanism 4 confirms that the slope orientation of the water collection trough 42 is reasonable to efficiently collect rainwater. It checks the sealing of the guide hood 43 and the filter plate 45 to prevent rainwater leakage. It tests the rotation flexibility of the drive scraper 44 to ensure that it fits tightly with the upper surface of the filter plate 45. During subsequent natural rainfall, the rainwater is guided from the slope of the water collection trough 42 to the guide hood 43. The water is initially filtered through the micro-filter holes on the outer surface of the guide hood 43 to intercept large particles of impurities. Then, it is filtered a second time through the filter plate 45 to remove fine mud and sand. The purified rainwater flows into the water collection tank 12 through the conduit 41 for storage, which is a water source for cleaning operations.

[0037] Entering the photovoltaic panel 13 unfolding and clean water pre-storage stage, the drive structure, such as the drive motor, is activated. The drive motor drives the drive plate 22 to rotate through the transmission shaft, thereby coordinating all photovoltaic panels 13 to unfold evenly along the upper circumference of the protective cover 21. Each layer of photovoltaic panels maintains an equal spacing and height distribution to maximize the reception of sunlight. During the unfolding of the photovoltaic panel 13, the fixing plate 23 drives the sliding column 24 to slide synchronously, and the piston rod 25 slides outward relative to the water collection cavity inside the photovoltaic panel 13. Under the action of the one-way valve built into the water collection cavity, the purified rainwater stored in the water collection tank 12 is sucked into the water collection cavity for pre-storage, completing the pre-storage of clean water. After the photovoltaic panel 13 is unfolded into place, the attitude of the photovoltaic panel 13 is detected by the sensor to confirm that it is in a stable state of receiving sunlight. At the same time, the water level in the water collection cavity is checked to ensure that the water reserve meets the needs of a single cleaning.

[0038] During the cleaning trigger condition monitoring and judgment phase, the dust sensor and light transmittance sensor on the equipment monitor the surface pollution status of the photovoltaic panel 13 in real time, and the environmental sensor collects environmental parameters such as wind force and rainfall at the same time. The system presets a cleaning threshold. When the sensor detects that the dust coverage rate on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 reaches the set value, the light transmittance is lower than the critical value, and the external environmental risk is less than the safety threshold to avoid water splashing or equipment damage during the cleaning process, and there is no continuous heavy rainfall, the cleaning conditions are determined to be met and the cleaning process is automatically started. If a mudslide warning or heavy rainfall is detected in the slope area, the photovoltaic panel 13 storage and protection process is initiated first, and the cleaning operation is temporarily suspended.

[0039] After the coordinated cleaning operation is initiated, the drive structure reverses its rotation, driving the photovoltaic panel 13 to fold and retract into the center of the protective cover 21. During the folding process, the sliding column 24 slides to one side of the photovoltaic panel 13, compressing the buffer spring 26 and pushing the piston rod 25 into the water collection chamber. The piston rod 25 squeezes the pre-stored water in the water collection chamber, and the water is transported to the rotating rod 31 through the connecting pipe and hose. The water is then evenly sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 through the evenly distributed spray holes on the outer surface of the rotating rod 31 to moisten and soften the stains. At the same time, when the photovoltaic panel 13 is folded, the drive teeth 37 at the bottom of the upper photovoltaic panel 13 roll along the meshing grooves 38 on the upper surface of the lower photovoltaic panel 13, driving the rotating rod 31 in the same way. As the rotating rod 31 rotates, it drives the arc-shaped guide ring 32 to rotate. The arc-shaped guide ring 32 continuously presses the limiting clamps 33 on both sides. The limiting clamps 33 push the slide rod 34 to slide back and forth in the auxiliary groove of the photovoltaic panel 13. The scraper 35 on the slide rod 34 simultaneously scrapes the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13 to remove stubborn stains. The brush on the outer surface of the rotating rod 31 also rotates with the rotating rod 31 to assist in cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13, realizing triple cleaning of "spraying + scraping + brush cleaning". During the cleaning process, the return spring 36 repeatedly extends and retracts with the slide rod 34 to ensure that the slide rod 34 moves smoothly and that the scraper 35 is always in close contact with the surface of the photovoltaic panel 13, thus improving the uniformity of cleaning.

[0040] During the cleaning and impurity removal stage of filter plate 45, the micro drive motor is started simultaneously or subsequently during the cleaning operation to drive the drive scraper 44 in the middle of the guide shroud 43 to rotate. The lower surface of the drive scraper 44 slides along the upper surface of the filter plate 45, pushing the mud, sand, impurities, etc. accumulated on the surface of the filter plate 45 into the pre-set drop trough in the water collection tank 42. The impurities are naturally discharged through the drop trough, avoiding clogging of the filter plate 45 and affecting the rainwater collection and filtration efficiency. After the filter plate 45 is cleaned, the micro drive motor stops running, and the drive scraper 44 returns to its initial position, waiting for the next cleaning trigger.

[0041] Finally, the photovoltaic panel 13 enters the reset and standby stage. After the cleaning operation is completed, the system detects that the surface cleanliness of the photovoltaic panel 13 meets the standard. The drive structure starts to rotate forward again to control the photovoltaic panel 13 to unfold to the optimal angle for receiving sunlight. During the unfolding process, the piston rod 25 is reset with the sliding column 24. Under the action of the one-way valve, water is drawn from the water collection tank 12 into the water collection chamber again to complete the water source pre-storage for the next cleaning. After the photovoltaic panel 13 is reset, the buffer spring 26 and the reset spring 36 return to their initial state. The equipment resumes normal monitoring and power supply mode. The sensor continuously monitors the status of the photovoltaic panel 13 and the external environment, waiting for the next cleaning cycle or protection command.

[0042] Please refer to the above work process. Figures 1 to 7 .

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring device suitable for slope geological disasters, comprising a support (1), wherein a distribution box (11) is installed in the middle of the support (1), and a water collection tank (12) is installed above the support (1) near the distribution box (11), characterized in that, The bracket (1) is equipped with a photovoltaic panel (13) on the upper circumference near the water collection tank (12). The monitoring device for slope geological disasters also includes a uniform spraying control mechanism (2) and a filter collection mechanism (4). The uniform spraying control mechanism (2) is installed on the photovoltaic panel (13) and is used for the automatic cleaning and storage of the photovoltaic panel (13). The filter collection mechanism (4) is installed on the water collection tank (12) and is used to assist the automatic cleaning component (3) in cleaning.

2. The monitoring equipment for slope geological hazards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uniform spraying control mechanism (2) includes a protective cover (21), which is mounted on a bracket (1). A fixing plate (23) is uniformly rotated and mounted in the middle of the protective cover (21). The fixing plate (23) is fixedly mounted on a photovoltaic panel (13). The photovoltaic panels (13) are evenly arranged around the protective cover (21) and are arranged at the same height with equal spacing between them. A sliding column (24) is slidably mounted in the middle of the fixing plate (23).

3. The monitoring equipment for slope geological hazards according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston rod (25) is fixedly installed in the middle of the sliding column (24). The piston rod (25) is slidably installed in the photovoltaic panel (13). A buffer spring (26) is sleeved on the outer surface of the piston rod (25). One end of the buffer spring (26) is fixedly installed in the fixed plate (23), and the other end of the buffer spring (26) is fixedly installed on the sliding column (24). The photovoltaic panels (13) are rotatably installed with the support plate. The two ends of the sliding column (24) are rotatably installed with the two side fixed plates (23) through the rotating plate.

4. A monitoring device for slope geological hazards according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel (13) has a water collection cavity in the middle. The piston rod (25) is slidably installed in the water collection cavity at the end away from the slide column (24) and has good sealing performance. A connecting pipe is installed at the end of the photovoltaic panel (13) away from the buffer spring (26) and the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the water collection tank (12) through a flexible hose.

5. A monitoring device for slope geological hazards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uniform spray control mechanism (2) also includes an automatic cleaning component (3), which is installed in the photovoltaic panel (13). An auxiliary groove is provided at one end of the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel (13). A rotating rod (31) is rotatably installed in the auxiliary groove of the photovoltaic panel (13). An arc-shaped guide ring (32) is uniformly fixed on the outer surface of the rotating rod (31). Limiting clamps (33) are provided on both sides of the outer surface of the arc-shaped guide ring (32). Water spray holes are uniformly opened on the outer surface of the rotating rod (31).

6. A monitoring device for slope geological hazards according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding rod (34) is fixedly installed at the middle of the end of the limiting clamp (33) away from the arc-shaped guide ring (32). The two ends of the sliding rod (34) are slidably installed in the auxiliary groove opened in the photovoltaic panel (13). A scraper (35) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sliding rod (34) near the limiting clamp (33). The limiting clamp (33) and the scraper (35) are linearly and evenly arranged on the sliding rod (34). A return spring (36) is sleeved on the outer surface of both ends of the sliding rod (34). One end of the return spring (36) is fixedly installed on the sliding rod (34), and the other end of the return spring (36) is fixedly installed in the auxiliary groove of the rotating rod (31). A drive tooth (37) is fixedly installed at the middle of one end of the rotating rod (31). A toothed groove (38) is opened on the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel (13). The tooth surface of the drive tooth (37) meshes in the toothed groove (38). The photovoltaic panel (13) is set at equal heights.

7. A monitoring device for slope geological hazards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration and collection mechanism (4) includes a conduit (41), one end of which is fixedly connected to a water collection tank (12), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a water collection trough (42). The inner surface of the water collection trough (42) is set as a slope. A flow guide hood (43) is provided in the middle of the water collection trough (42). A filter plate (45) is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the flow guide hood (43). The outer periphery of the filter plate (45) away from the drive scraper (44) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the water collection trough (42). A drive scraper (44) is rotatably installed in the middle of the flow guide hood (43). The lower surface of the drive scraper (44) slides on the upper surface of the filter plate (45). The outer surface of the flow guide hood (43) is uniformly provided with micro-filter holes for impurity isolation.

8. A monitoring method for slope geological hazards, based on a monitoring device for slope geological hazards as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Equipment Deployment: The bracket (1) is fixedly installed in the slope monitoring area to ensure that the power distribution box (11), water collection tank (12) and photovoltaic panel (13) are installed firmly. Rainwater is collected through the water collection tank (42) of the filter collection mechanism (4). After the rainwater is initially filtered by the micro-filter holes of the guide hood (43) and then filtered twice by the filter plate (45), it flows into the water collection tank (12) for storage through the conduit (41). S2 Photovoltaic Panel Deployment and Water Pre-storage: The photovoltaic panel (13) is deployed by the drive structure. During the deployment process, the piston rod (25) slides relative to the water collection chamber of the photovoltaic panel (13). Under the action of the one-way valve, the water in the water collection tank (12) is sucked into the water collection chamber for pre-storage. S3 Photovoltaic Panel Cleaning Trigger: The surface contamination status of the photovoltaic panel (13) or the external environmental conditions are monitored by sensors. When the cleaning threshold is met, the cleaning process is started. S4 linkage cleaning operation: drive the photovoltaic panel (13) to fold and store. During the folding process, the sliding column (24) slides and compresses the buffer spring (26), pushing the piston rod (25) to move into the water collection chamber, and transporting the water in the water collection chamber to the rotating rod (31) through the hose, and spraying it onto the surface of the photovoltaic panel (13) through the spray hole; at the same time, the folding of the photovoltaic panel (13) drives the drive tooth (37) to roll along the tooth groove (38), driving the rotating rod (31) to rotate, the arc-shaped guide ring (32) squeezes the limiting clamp (33), pushes the sliding rod (34) to slide back and forth, and drives the scraper (35) to scrape and clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel (13), and the brush on the rotating rod (31) simultaneously assists in cleaning; S5 filter plate cleaning: Drive the scraper (44) to rotate by a micro drive motor, push the impurities accumulated on the surface of the filter plate (45) to the drop trough of the water collection tank (42) for discharge, and avoid filter blockage; S6 Photovoltaic Panel Reset: After cleaning, control the photovoltaic panel (13) to unfold again, the piston rod (25) to reset and draw water from the water collection tank (12) into the water collection chamber again, and the equipment to restore the monitoring power supply status.

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