Data transmission method and device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission method and device, equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the field of zero-power-consumption communication. The method comprises the following steps: receiving control signaling which is used for triggering zero power consumption equipment to carry out time-frequency synchronization and indicating time-frequency resources of data transmission; time-frequency synchronization and data transmission of the zero-power-consumption equipment are scheduled through the control signaling, it can be guaranteed that the zero-power-consumption equipment reserves enough time for time-frequency synchronization before data transmission, long data transmission waiting delay is avoided, time-frequency precision of the zero-power-consumption equipment is guaranteed, and data receiving and transmitting reliability of the zero-power-consumption equipment is improved.

Description

Data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of zero-power communication, and in particular to a data transmission method, apparatus, device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous evolution of wireless communication technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) is being applied to all aspects of production and life. Zero-power IoT devices utilize very simple radio frequency and baseband circuits, offering numerous advantages such as small size, light weight, low price, long lifespan, and maintenance-free operation.

[0003] Due to the limited performance of zero-power devices, the synchronization process can take anywhere from a few milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds. This synchronization process is related to data transmission. The specific implementation of the synchronization process and data transmission for zero-power devices requires further discussion and research.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a data transmission method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a data transmission method is provided, the method being performed by a zero-power consumption device, the method comprising:

[0007] Receive control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, a data transmission method is provided, the method being performed by a network device, the method comprising:

[0009] Send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present application, a zero-power consumption device is provided, comprising:

[0011] The receiving module is used to receive control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a network-side device is provided, the device comprising:

[0013] The sending module is used to send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a zero-power consumption device is provided, comprising: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the zero-power consumption device is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the data transmission method as described in the above aspects.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a network device is provided, comprising: a processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the network device is configured to load and execute the executable instructions to implement the data transmission method as described in the above aspects.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores executable instructions, and the executable instructions are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method as described in the above aspects.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, a chip is provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or a program. When the chip runs on a computer device, it is used to implement the data transmission method described in the above aspects based on the programmable logic circuit and / or the program.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product or computer program is provided, which includes computer instructions, and the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor reads and executes the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, so that a computer device executes the data transmission method described in the above aspects.

[0019] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] By controlling the signaling scheduling of the time-frequency synchronization and data transmission of zero-power devices, it can be ensured that the zero-power devices reserve sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization before data transmission, avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power devices and improve the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0022] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a zero-power communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy harvesting provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of resistive load modulation provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an encoding method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of uplink transmission scheduling in an LTE system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of transmission scheduling in a WLAN system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG8 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG9 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG10 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling data transmission process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a signaling transmission process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG13 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling data transmission process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG15 is a block diagram of a zero-power consumption device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG16 is a block diagram of a network-side device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0040] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0041] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0042] The technical solutions described in some embodiments of the present application can be applicable to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system, Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) system, Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity) system. The present invention is applicable to the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) system, the cellular Internet of Things system, the cellular passive Internet of Things system, and can also be applied to the subsequent evolution system of the 5G NR system, and can also be applied to the sixth generation mobile communication technology (6G) system and subsequent evolution systems.

[0043] It should be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, "5G" may also be referred to as "5G NR" or "NR".

[0044] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present application, "predefined / preset / preconfigured" may be implemented by pre-storing corresponding codes, tables, or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (e.g., a terminal device and a network device). The present application does not limit the specific implementation method. For example, predefined may refer to information defined in a protocol.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, a NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and this application does not limit this.

[0047] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a zero-power communication system 100 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The zero-power communication system 100 includes a network device 120 and a zero-power device 140 .

[0048] The network device 120 is used to send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals and receive backscatter signals from the zero-power device 140 to the zero-power device 140. The zero-power device 140 is also called an ambient power enabled Internet of Things (Ambient IoT) device, which includes an energy collection module 141, a backscatter communication module 142 and a low-power computing module 143. The energy collection module 141 can collect energy carried by radio waves in space, which is used to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the zero-power device 140 and realize backscatter communication. After the zero-power device 140 obtains energy, it can receive control signaling from the network device 120 and send data to the network device 120 based on the backscattering method according to the control signaling. The sent data can come from the data stored in the zero-power device 140 itself (such as an identity or pre-written information, such as the production date, brand, manufacturer, etc. of the product).

[0049] Zero-power device 140 may also include a sensor module 144 and a memory 145. Sensor module 144 may include various sensors, and zero-power device 140 may report data collected by these sensors based on a zero-power mechanism. Memory 145 is used to store basic information (such as item identification) or acquired sensor data such as ambient temperature and humidity.

[0050] The zero-power device 140 itself does not require a battery, and at the same time, the low-power computing module 143 can realize simple signal demodulation, decoding or encoding, modulation and other simple computing tasks. Therefore, the zero-power device 140 only requires a very simple hardware design, making the zero-power device 140 very low in cost and small in size.

[0051] The network device 120 includes but is not limited to: cellular network devices, such as 5G / 6G network devices, base station devices; WiFi / WLAN network devices, such as access points (APs), routers, mobile access points, etc., and the mobile access point is, for example, a mobile phone.

[0052] The zero-power device 140 includes but is not limited to: handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices and Internet of Things devices, etc. The zero-power device 140 can be at least one of a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a television, a game console, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a virtual reality (VR) terminal and a mixed reality (MR) terminal, a wearable device, a handle, an electronic tag and a controller, etc.

[0053] Next, we will further introduce zero-power communication:

[0054] Radio Frequency Power Harvesting

[0055] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of RF energy harvesting provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. RF energy harvesting is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, using a radio frequency (RF) module to conduct electromagnetic induction and maintain a parallel relationship with a capacitor C and a load resistor R. L By connecting to the power supply, the energy required to operate zero-power devices can be collected from electromagnetic waves in space, such as for driving low-power demodulation modules, modulation modules, sensors, and memory reading. Therefore, zero-power devices do not require traditional batteries.

[0056] Backscattering communication

[0057] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a backscatter communication process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The zero-power device 140 receives the wireless signal carrier 131 sent by the transmit (TX) module 121 of the network device 120 using the amplifier (AMP) 122, modulates the wireless signal carrier 131, uses the logic processing module 147 to load the information to be sent, and uses the energy collection module 141 to collect radio frequency energy. The zero-power device 140 uses the antenna 146 to radiate the modulated reflected signal 132. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. The receive (RX) module 123 of the network device 120 uses the low-noise amplifier (LNA) 124 to receive the modulated reflected signal 132. Backscatter and load modulation functions are inseparable. Load modulation completes the modulation process by adjusting and controlling the circuit parameters of the oscillation circuit of the zero-power device 140 according to the rhythm of the data stream, so that parameters such as the impedance of the electronic tag change accordingly.

[0058] Load modulation technology mainly includes resistance load modulation and capacitance load modulation. FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. In resistance load modulation, the load resistor R L The third resistor R3 is connected in parallel, and the switch S based on the binary code control is turned on or off. The on and off of the third resistor R3 will cause the voltage on the circuit to change. The load resistor R L Maintaining a parallel connection relationship with the first capacitor C1, the load resistor R L The first inductor L1 is connected in series with the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 is connected in series with the first inductor L1. The first inductor L1 is coupled to the second inductor L2, and the second inductor L2 is connected in series with the second capacitor C2. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) can be implemented, that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal of the zero-power device. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the resonant frequency of the circuit can be changed by turning the capacitor on and off, and frequency shift keying (FSK) can be implemented, that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of the zero-power device.

[0059] Zero-power devices use load modulation to modulate the incoming signal, thus achieving the backscatter communication process. Zero-power devices have significant advantages: (1) they do not actively transmit signals, so they do not require complex RF links such as power amplifiers (PAs) and RF filters; (2) they do not actively generate high-frequency signals, so they do not require high-frequency crystal oscillators; (3) with backscatter communication, signal transmission does not consume the energy of the zero-power device itself.

[0060] ·Extremely low power consumption active transmission technology.

[0061] Zero-power devices can also use ultra-low-power active transmission technology. Unlike backscattering, when using ultra-low-power active transmission technology for data transmission, the device uses a relatively simple and low-power oscillator to generate the RF carrier, and then modulates the information to be transmitted onto the RF carrier. Based on current research, the power consumption of ultra-low-power active transmitters can be as low as hundreds of microwatts, thus achieving ultra-low-power data transmission.

[0062] Encoding method for zero-power communication.

[0063] FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of an encoding method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The data transmitted by the electronic tag can use different forms of codes to represent binary "1" and "0". The wireless radio frequency identification system usually uses one of the following encoding methods: Not Return to Zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar Return to Zero (URZ) encoding, Differential Binary Phase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding and differential encoding. That is, different pulse signals can be used to represent 0 and 1.

[0064] (1) NRZ encoding: Non-return-to-zero encoding uses a high level to represent a binary "1" and a low level to represent a binary "0". Figure 5 shows a level diagram of encoding binary data: 101100101001011 using the NRZ method.

[0065] (2) Manchester coding: Manchester coding is also known as split-phase coding. In Manchester coding, the binary value is represented by the change in level (rising or falling) during half a bit period within the bit length. A negative jump during half a bit period represents a binary "1", and a positive jump during half a bit period represents a binary "0". The error in data transmission refers to the situation when the data bits sent by multiple electronic tags at the same time have different values. The received rising and falling edges cancel each other out, resulting in an uninterrupted carrier signal throughout the bit length. Manchester coding cannot have a state without change within the bit length. The reader can use this error to determine the specific location of the collision. Manchester coding is conducive to detecting data transmission errors. When using carrier load modulation or backscatter modulation, it is usually used for data transmission from electronic tags to readers. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the Manchester method to encode binary data: 101100101001011.

[0066] (3) URZ coding: The high level of unipolar return-to-zero coding in the first half bit period represents binary "1", while the low level signal that lasts throughout the entire bit period represents binary "1". Figure 5 shows the level diagram of URZ coding using the URZ method to encode binary data: 101100101001011.

[0067] (4) DBP encoding: Differential biphase encoding uses any edge within a half-bit period to represent a binary "0," while the absence of an edge represents a binary "1." Furthermore, the voltage level is inverted at the beginning of each bit period. This makes the bit beat easier to reconstruct for the receiver. Figure 5 shows a voltage level diagram of the binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the DBP method.

[0068] (5) Miller coding: In Miller coding, any edge within half a bit period represents a binary "1," while a constant level throughout the next bit period represents a binary "0." The level transition at the beginning of a bit period makes it easier for the receiver to reconstruct the bit beat. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the levels of binary data 101100101001011 encoded using the Miller method.

[0069] (6) Differential coding: In differential coding, each binary "1" to be transmitted causes a change in the signal level, while for binary "0", the signal level remains unchanged.

[0070] Classification of zero-power devices.

[0071] Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power devices, zero-power devices can be divided into the following types:

[0072] (1) Passive zero-power devices.

[0073] Zero-power devices do not require internal batteries. When they approach a network device, they are within the near field generated by the network device's antenna radiation. For example, the network device is a reader / writer in a radio frequency identification (RFID) system. Therefore, the zero-power device's antenna generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the device's low-power chip circuitry. This enables tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. For backscatter links, the zero-power device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit signals. Passive zero-power devices do not require internal batteries for either the forward or reverse link, making them truly zero-power devices. Passive zero-power devices do not require batteries, and their RF and baseband circuits are very simple. For example, they do not require components such as LNAs, PAs, crystal oscillators, and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). They offer numerous advantages, including small size, light weight, very low price, and a long service life.

[0074] (2) Semi-passive zero-power devices.

[0075] Semi-passive zero-power devices lack conventional batteries. Instead, they use a radio frequency energy harvesting module to harvest radio wave energy and store it in an energy storage unit, typically a capacitor. This energy is then used to power the device's low-power chip circuitry, enabling tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating backward link signals. For backscatter links, the device can transmit signals using either backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission.

[0076] Semi-passive zero-power devices require no internal batteries for either the forward or reverse link. Instead, the energy stored in the capacitors is harvested by the radio energy harvesting module, making them truly zero-power devices. They inherit many of the advantages of passive zero-power devices, including small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.

[0077] (3) Active zero-power devices.

[0078] Zero-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active zero-power devices, which can have built-in batteries. The battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. This enables tasks such as demodulating forward link signals and modulating reverse link signals. However, for backscatter links, zero-power devices can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit signals. Therefore, the zero-power of active zero-power devices is mainly reflected in the fact that reverse link signal transmission does not consume the zero-power device's own power, but instead uses backscatter. In active zero-power devices, the built-in battery powers the RFID chip, increasing the tag's read and write distance and improving communication reliability. Therefore, they are used in scenarios with relatively high requirements for communication distance and read latency.

[0079] Classification of zero-power devices based on transmitter type.

[0080] (1) Zero-power devices based on backscattering.

[0081] These zero-power devices use backscattering, as described above, for uplink data transmission. They lack active transmitters, only backscattering transmitters. Therefore, when these zero-power devices transmit uplink data, they require network equipment to provide a carrier. These zero-power devices use backscattering based on the carrier to achieve uplink data transmission.

[0082] (2) Zero-power devices based on active transmitters.

[0083] These zero-power devices use active transmitters with active transmission capabilities for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending uplink data, these zero-power devices can use their own active transmitters to send uplink data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier. Examples of active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices include ultra-low-power ASK transmitters and ultra-low-power FSK transmitters. Based on current implementations, these transmitters can reduce overall power consumption to 400-600 microwatts when transmitting a 100-microwatt signal.

[0084] (3) Zero-power devices that have both backscatter and active transmitters.

[0085] These zero-power devices can support both backscatter and active transmitters. They can determine whether to use backscatter or active transmitters based on different situations (such as varying battery levels, available ambient energy), or based on network device scheduling.

[0086] Application scenarios of zero-power communication.

[0087] Due to its significant advantages such as extremely low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, zero-power communication can be widely used in various industries, such as logistics for vertical industries, smart warehousing, smart agriculture, energy and electricity, industrial Internet, etc.; it can also be applied to personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0088] Cellular Internet of Things.

[0089] The cellular Internet of Things (IoT) is booming. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized IoT technologies such as Narrowband-Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Machine-Type Communications (MTC), and Reduced Capability (RedCap). However, IoT communication needs in many scenarios remain unmet. For example:

[0090] - Harsh communication environment.

[0091] Certain IoT scenarios may encounter extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed movement. Examples include ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, environmental monitoring in high-altitude cold regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, existing IoT devices will not function due to the operating environment limitations of conventional power supplies. Furthermore, extreme operating environments are not conducive to IoT device maintenance, such as battery replacement.

[0092] -Requirements for extremely small terminal form factors.

[0093] Certain IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, commodity distribution, and smart wearables, require terminals to be extremely small for ease of use. For example, IoT terminals used for commodity management in the distribution process often use electronic tags, which are embedded in the product packaging in a very compact form factor. Another example is lightweight wearable IoT terminals that can meet user needs while improving the user experience.

[0094] -Extremely low-cost IoT communication needs.

[0095] Many IoT communication scenarios require IoT terminal devices to be sufficiently low-cost to enhance their competitiveness compared to alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, IoT terminal devices can be attached to each item to facilitate the management of large quantities of circulating items. Communication between the IoT terminal device and the logistics network enables precise management of the entire logistics process and lifecycle. These scenarios require IoT terminal devices to be sufficiently competitively priced.

[0096] Therefore, in order to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, cellular IoT also needs to develop ultra-low-cost, extremely small-size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoT, and zero-power IoT can just meet these needs.

[0097] Zero-power IoT, also known as ambient IoT (A-IoT) or passive IoT, refers to IoT devices that use various environmental energies, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy, to power themselves. These devices can have no energy storage capacity or very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of microfarads). Compared to other IoT devices, ambient IoT devices offer many advantages, including no conventional batteries, no maintenance, small size, low complexity, low cost, and a long lifespan.

[0098] Zero-power IoT can be used in at least four scenarios:

[0099] (1) Object recognition, such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management;

[0100] (2) Environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, and harmful gas monitoring of the working environment and natural environment;

[0101] (3) Positioning, such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, and production line item positioning;

[0102] (4) Intelligent control, such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature), and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).

[0103] This section introduces the scheduling of data transmission:

[0104] In a cellular system, the uplink transmission of a mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone) is usually controlled by base station scheduling, such as through downlink control information (DCI) format 0 to indicate the time-frequency resources, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), hybrid automatic repeat reQuest (HARQ) process, redundancy version (RV) and other information of the uplink (UL). Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of uplink transmission scheduling in an LTE system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the base station sends DCI in subframe #n and schedules the user to perform uplink data transmission on subframe #n+4. The 4 subframes in the middle are used for the user to prepare uplink data. In the NR system, the interval k between DCI and the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) is more flexible, and the k value is dynamically indicated by DCI, for example, 1 to 3 time slots. The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) has a similar relationship with the scheduling DCI.

[0105] FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of transmission scheduling in a WLAN system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG7 , in a WLAN system, a network device (AP) can complete channel monitoring and obtain transmission rights for a period of time by listening before talking (LBT). Taking into account the energy consumption problem of A-IoT devices, one way is for the AP to obtain the channel and then allocate it to the A-IoT device. For example, the AP detects that the channel is idle through LBT and sends a preamble signal to occupy the channel occupancy time (COT) = 8ms. The AP can allocate the last 2ms in the COT to a certain A-IoT device for its uplink transmission through a control signal.

[0106] As can be seen from the above description, the RF and baseband circuits of zero-power devices are very simple, resulting in numerous advantages such as small size, light weight, low price, long service life, and maintenance-free operation. However, this design also presents many technical challenges. For example, to achieve low complexity and save power, the crystal oscillator used in zero-power devices is typically also relatively simple, such as a passive 32k crystal oscillator. The crystal oscillator of a zero-power device requires a certain amount of time to complete time-frequency synchronization. Depending on factors such as the crystal oscillator's frequency, load capacitance, and required synchronization accuracy, the synchronization process can range from a few milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds. Therefore, the scheduling and control signaling associated with zero-power devices requires redesign, such as scheduling the time domain location of zero-power device data transmission to ensure sufficient time for the zero-power device to complete time-frequency synchronization while avoiding long data transmission latency.

[0107] The method provided in the present application adopts two-step control signaling to schedule the time-frequency synchronization process and data transmission of the zero-power device, wherein the first step control signaling (first control signaling) is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and the second step control signaling (second control signaling) is used to schedule the zero-power device to perform data transmission (send / receive), and the second step control signaling can schedule the time domain resource location of the data transmission. Alternatively, a single-step control signaling (third control signaling) is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and schedule the data transmission of the zero-power device. By scheduling the time-frequency synchronization and data transmission of the zero-power device through control signaling, it can be ensured that the zero-power device reserves enough time for time-frequency synchronization before data transmission, avoiding a long data transmission waiting delay, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device, and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0108] FIG8 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method may be performed by a zero-power device. The method includes:

[0109] Step 802: Receive control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0110] The control signaling is equivalent to / can be replaced by control information, indication information, indication signaling, scheduling information, and scheduling signaling. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific name of the control signaling. In some embodiments, the control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device. In some embodiments, the control signaling is used to separately trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device. Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time synchronization and frequency synchronization. Time-frequency resources include at least one of time domain resources and frequency domain resources. The above trigger is equivalent to / can be replaced by wake-up and activation.

[0111] The data transmission of the zero-power device includes at least one of data reception and data transmission. In some embodiments, data transmission includes uplink transmission (sending via an uplink), for example, the zero-power device sends data to a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data transmission may also include side transmission (sending via a side link), for example, the zero-power device sends data to other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. In some embodiments, data reception includes receiving downlink data (receiving via a downlink), for example, receiving data sent by a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data reception may also include side reception (receiving via a side link), for example, receiving data sent by other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. For the convenience of description, the zero-power device sending data to an AP or base station or other device may be recorded as uplink transmission, and the sending of data from an AP or base station or other device to a zero-power device may be recorded as downlink transmission.

[0112] In some embodiments, the control signaling is sent by the network device to the zero-power device. After receiving the control signaling, the zero-power device performs time-frequency synchronization according to the instruction and transmits data according to the time-frequency resources indicated by the control signaling.

[0113] For the case where the control signaling is two-step control signaling (2-step control):

[0114] The control signaling includes a first control signaling (the first step control signaling, control 1) and a second control signaling (the second step control signaling, control 2). The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and the second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0115] In some embodiments, the second control signaling is after the first control signaling, or the first control signaling is before the second control signaling. The order includes a time domain order.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first control signaling includes at least one of the following information:

[0117] Trigger signal;

[0118] Information related to time-frequency synchronization;

[0119] Device information of the target device;

[0120] Information related to the second control signaling.

[0121] The trigger signal is equivalent to / can be replaced by a wake-up signal. In some embodiments, the trigger signal is used to trigger (wake up) the zero-power device to turn on the crystal oscillator for time-frequency synchronization to facilitate subsequent data transmission. The target device includes a device that performs data transmission with the zero-power device. In some embodiments, the device information of the target device includes at least one of device identification information and device group identification information.

[0122] In some embodiments, the information related to time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of the following:

[0123] Accuracy requirements for time-frequency synchronization;

[0124] Synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization;

[0125] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0126] The type of synchronization signal.

[0127] In some embodiments, the accuracy requirement of time-frequency synchronization is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time (synchronization duration) required for time-frequency synchronization, for example, 10ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 300ppm, etc. In some embodiments, the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization is positively correlated with the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization.

[0128] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme used for data transmission is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization. For example, On-Off Keying (OOK) modulation and Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation have different frequency offset resistance capabilities. OOK modulation is significantly affected by frequency offset, and therefore requires high-precision time-frequency synchronization before data transmission. This means that the zero-power device requires a longer synchronization time in this case.

[0129] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal includes a signal used by the zero-power device for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the type of sequence used by the synchronization signal, the waveform of the synchronization signal, the frequency domain position of the synchronization signal, the period of the synchronization signal, and the duty cycle of the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization. The synchronization signal can directly use the synchronization signal in the related art, or it can be a newly designed synchronization signal. In some embodiments, in a WLAN system, the synchronization signal is the same as or different from the wake-up radio (WUR) synchronization (Sync) signal.

[0130] In some embodiments, based on the modulation mode of data transmission and / or other information (such as the above-mentioned accuracy requirements, synchronization signals, etc.), the zero-power device can determine the approximate time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0131] In some embodiments, the unit of synchronization time includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond. In some embodiments, because the zero-power device also receives the second control signaling at the time of scheduled data transmission, the synchronization time for the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization is less than (slightly less than) the time domain interval from the first control signaling to data transmission. After determining the synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization, the zero-power device can infer the approximate time point of the second control signaling.

[0132] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a generated sequence adopted by the first control signaling. In some embodiments, the multiple candidate values ​​are preset or pre-configured or configured by high-layer signaling. For example, with respect to the accuracy requirements of time-frequency synchronization, N candidate values ​​are preset in the protocol, and a field of log2(N) bits corresponds one-to-one to the N candidate values ​​in the first control signaling to indicate the accuracy requirements of time-frequency synchronization, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. For example, the candidate values ​​for the accuracy requirements of time-frequency synchronization are [10ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 300ppm], which correspond to the four fields [00, 01, 10, 11] respectively. When generating the sequence used by the first control signaling, multiple sequences can be generated, wherein each sequence can indicate one candidate value among multiple candidate values, thereby indicating the above-mentioned information related to time-frequency synchronization.

[0133] In some embodiments, the information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following:

[0134] The time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling;

[0135] The monitoring time window for the second control signaling;

[0136] Time-frequency resources for the second control signaling;

[0137] Modulation mode of the second control signaling.

[0138] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes a modulation scheme in a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS).

[0139] Given the uncertainties of resource scheduling and LBT, network devices may not be able to accurately predict the time domain resources for the second control signaling when sending the first control signaling. However, they can provide a rough time window (listening time window) to facilitate zero-power devices to listen. To facilitate listening by zero-power devices, the first control signaling is typically kept as simple as possible, with minimal payload, and thus occupies a much smaller bandwidth. However, the payload, modulation and coding scheme, and other aspects of the second control signaling may be significantly more complex than those of the first control signaling.

[0140] In some embodiments, after receiving the first control signaling, the zero-power device starts receiving synchronization signals for time-frequency synchronization, for example, frequently receiving synchronization signals at a shorter period, or waking up a main radio (MR) to perform synchronization.

[0141] The second control signaling is used to indicate specific time-frequency resources for the zero-power consumption device to transmit data.

[0142] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, the network device can determine the resources allocated to the zero-power device only after the LBT successfully acquires the channel. In addition, the COT obtained by the network device each time through LBT is relatively limited. If the synchronization process takes too long, even if it has been allocated in the first control signaling, it may actually exceed the length of the COT. Therefore, when the synchronization process takes a long time, regardless of whether the two-step control signaling method is used, the network device needs to perform LBT again to acquire the channel to determine the resources allocated to the data transmission of the zero-power device. For licensed frequency bands, network devices and zero-power devices can use the channel without channel monitoring, and the advantage of using two-step control signaling may be relatively small compared to unlicensed frequency bands.

[0143] In some embodiments, the time interval K between the first control signaling and the data transmission of the zero-power device (or the synchronization time T for time-frequency synchronization, or the time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling) is controlled by the network device that sends the control signaling, such as an AP. The network device can determine the time interval based on the following factors.

[0144] The type of data being transmitted, the modulation method used, and so on. For example, if the transmitted data is significantly affected by frequency offset, the network device will reserve a longer time, K, for the zero-power device to synchronize its time and frequency, thereby achieving higher synchronization accuracy. Conversely, the network device will reserve a shorter time, K, to reduce data transmission latency.

[0145] Zero-power device capabilities. Because highly capable zero-power devices can synchronize quickly, network devices can reserve a shorter time, K. Conversely, network devices reserve a longer time, K. The synchronization capabilities of zero-power devices are reported by the zero-power devices to network devices, such as APs or base stations.

[0146] Characteristics of the synchronization signal, such as its length, period, transmission duty cycle, waveform, and modulation method.

[0147] In some embodiments, the time domain interval K reserved by the network device is greater than or equal to the actual required synchronization time determined by the zero-power device based on the first control signaling. For example, the zero-power device determines that its synchronization time T = 10 time slots is indicated based on the first control signaling in time slot #n, and the network device can select K = 12, that is, send the second control signaling in time slot #n+12. The zero-power device performs time and frequency synchronization in the 10 time slots from time slot #n+1 to time slot #n+10, and starts listening for the second control signaling in time slot #n+11. In some embodiments, the zero-power device also performs time and frequency synchronization after the time domain interval, such as time slot #n+11, to maintain synchronization accuracy.

[0148] In some embodiments, at least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information:

[0149] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0150] The type of data being transmitted;

[0151] The modulation method of data transmission.

[0152] In some embodiments, if the same information is indicated in both the first control signaling and the second control signaling, the first control signaling and the second control signaling may be allowed to indicate different values ​​for the same information, and the value indicated by the second control signaling shall prevail when the zero-power device transmits data.

[0153] In some embodiments, synchronization signals (e.g., beacon frames) can be provided by different devices or at different frequencies. This solution allows the zero-power device to only monitor the first control signaling and a portion of the downlink signal in most cases. The zero-power device is triggered to perform time-frequency synchronization only when data transmission is required. In addition, in the two-step control signaling method, the signaling overhead and signaling of the first control signaling can be as simple as possible, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the zero-power device in monitoring and detecting the first control signaling.

[0154] For the case where the control signaling is single-step control signaling:

[0155] The control signaling includes a third control signaling (single-step control signaling). The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0156] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a first field and a second field. The first field is used to indicate information related to time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission. For the content and indication of the information related to time-frequency synchronization, please refer to the relevant content above and will not be further described in this embodiment of the present application.

[0157] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a second field. The second field is used to indicate (explicitly indicate) the time-frequency resources for data transmission. In this case, the third control signaling is used to implicitly trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and can further trigger the zero-power device to determine the synchronization time of time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, after receiving the third control signaling, the zero-power device will automatically trigger the execution of the time-frequency synchronization process until the indicated data transmission time.

[0158] In some embodiments, since the time domain location of data transmission is known (indicated by the third control signaling), the zero-power device can perform time-frequency synchronization before data transmission according to its own implementation. For example, the third control signaling in time slot #n indicates that data transmission is performed in time slot #n+12, and the zero-power device can perform time-frequency synchronization during the period from time slot #n to time slot #n+12. If the zero-power device believes that 6 time slots are sufficient to complete time-frequency synchronization, it can choose to perform time-frequency synchronization in any 6 (continuous or non-continuous) time slots from time slot #n to time slot #n+5, or from time slot #n+7 to time slot #n+11, or other time slots from time slot #n to time slot #n+12.

[0159] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, before data transmission, the zero-power device needs to first obtain a channel through UL LBT, or the network device obtains a channel through DL LBT and shares COT resources with the zero-power device.

[0160] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling include the time domain location of the data transmission. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling include the time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling. For example, the time slot is K time slots away from time slot #n where the third control signaling is located, i.e., time slot #n+K.

[0161] In some embodiments, the unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond.

[0162] Considering that the time domain interval required for time-frequency synchronization varies from a few milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds, influenced by factors such as the capabilities of the zero-power device and the required synchronization accuracy, if the time domain interval is directly indicated in the third control signaling, the signaling overhead will be relatively large. For example, if the range of K is [1, 200] ms, a total of ceil(log2(200)) = 7 bits will be required. To reduce the signaling overhead of the third control signaling, a combination of one or more of the following methods may be used.

[0163] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indicator value and the time granularity carried by the third control signaling. For example, Ka is the first indicator value and the time granularity s = 10ms. If the range of the time domain interval K is [1,200]ms and the range of Ka is [1,2,3,…,19,20]ms, then the indication K in the third control signaling requires a total of ceil(log2(200 / s)) = 4 bits. s = 10ms corresponds to the length of a radio frame. The time slot in the radio frame to which the specific data transmission corresponds can be determined in the following ways: (1) Determined according to the time slot where the third control signaling is located. For example, if the third control signaling is in time slot #i in radio frame #n and Ka indicated by the third control signaling is 7, then the time domain position of the data transmission is in time slot #i in radio frame #n+7. (2) Determine based on the result of LBT. According to the third control signaling indication Ka, the zero-power device can determine to perform data transmission within the wireless frame #n+Ka. Then the zero-power device will perform one or more LBTs within the wireless frame, and determine the time slot for data transmission in the time slot after the moment of successful LBT.

[0164] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the sum of a second indicator value and an offset value carried in the third control signaling. For example, if the second indicator value is Kb and the fixed offset value is Δoffset, then the time domain interval K = Kb + Δoffset. For example, if Δoffset is fixed at 100 ms and Kb = [1, 2, 3, 4] ms, then the range of K is [101, 102, 103, 104] ms.

[0165] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of the first indicator value carried in the third control signaling and the time granularity. For example, if Ka is the first indicator value, the fixed offset value is Δoffset, and the time granularity is s, then the time domain interval K = Ka * s + Δoffset. If Δoffset is fixed at 100 ms and Ka = [1, 2, 3, 4] ms, then the range of K is [110, 120, 130, 140] ms.

[0166] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated in a candidate value set by a third indicator value carried by third control signaling. For example, the candidate value set is configured by pre-configuration or by higher-layer signaling, and the third indicator value is Ki. Ki can be used to indicate the time domain interval K in the candidate value set. For example, if the candidate value set Kset = [40, 50, 60, 70] and Ki = 2, then the second value in Kset, i.e., K = 50 ms, is selected.

[0167] In some embodiments, the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set are preset, preconfigured, or configured by higher-layer signaling. In some embodiments, the higher-layer signaling includes at least one of a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message and a Media Access Control Control Element (MAC CE).

[0168] In some embodiments, the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set are fixed values. In some embodiments, there are multiple sets of candidate items, each of which includes at least one of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set. That is, for one or more of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value, multiple sets of values ​​can be taken. The candidate items used to determine the time domain interval are determined based on at least one of the following information:

[0169] Zero-power device capabilities;

[0170] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0171] The type of data being transmitted;

[0172] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0173] Type of synchronization signal;

[0174] Indication of higher layer signaling.

[0175] For example, the candidate value set Kset has two sets of values: Kset1 = [40, 50, 60, 70] ms and Kset2 = [140, 150, 160, 170] ms. A zero-power device determines whether to use Kset1 or Kset2 based on its capabilities (crystal oscillator device, time-frequency synchronization capabilities). For a specific zero-power device, only one Kset is used. Alternatively, the zero-power device determines whether to use Kset1 or Kset2 based on the type and modulation scheme of the data being sent. For example, the third control signaling may indicate the type and modulation scheme of the data sent by the zero-power device. Based on this information, the time-frequency synchronization accuracy required for data transmission can be determined, thereby implicitly indicating Kset. When the time-frequency synchronization accuracy requirement is high, Kset2 is used over a longer period of time to achieve higher accuracy, while Kset1 is used instead. Alternatively, the zero-power device determines whether to use Kset1 or Kset2 based on the type (characteristics) of the synchronization signal. Alternatively, the zero-power device determines whether to use Kset1 or Kset2 based on instructions from higher-layer signaling such as RRC messages or MAC CE.

[0176] In some embodiments, for the specific implementation of the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the second control signaling, reference may also be made to the relevant description in the above-mentioned third control signaling, and will not be repeated in detail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0177] To sum up, the method provided in this embodiment can ensure that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization and data transmission before data transmission by controlling signaling scheduling, avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0178] FIG9 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method may be executed by a network device. The method includes:

[0179] Step 902: Send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0180] In some embodiments, control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. In some embodiments, control signaling is used to separately trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time synchronization and frequency synchronization. Time-frequency resources include at least one of time domain resources and frequency domain resources.

[0181] The data transmission of the zero-power device includes at least one of data reception and data transmission. In some embodiments, data transmission includes uplink transmission (sending via an uplink), for example, the zero-power device sends data to a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data transmission may also include side transmission (sending via a side link), for example, the zero-power device sends data to other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. In some embodiments, data reception includes receiving downlink data (receiving via a downlink), for example, receiving data sent by a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data reception may also include side reception (receiving via a side link), for example, receiving data sent by other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link.

[0182] In some embodiments, after receiving the control signaling, the zero-power consumption device performs time-frequency synchronization according to the instruction thereof, and transmits data according to the time-frequency resources indicated therein.

[0183] For the case where the control signaling is two-step control signaling (2-step control):

[0184] The control signaling includes a first control signaling (the first step control signaling, control 1) and a second control signaling (the second step control signaling, control 2). The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and the second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0185] In some embodiments, the second control signaling is after the first control signaling, or the first control signaling is before the second control signaling. The order includes a time domain order.

[0186] In some embodiments, the first control signaling includes at least one of the following information:

[0187] Trigger signal;

[0188] Information related to time-frequency synchronization;

[0189] Device information of the target device;

[0190] Information related to the second control signaling.

[0191] In some embodiments, the trigger signal is used to trigger (wake up) the zero-power device to turn on the crystal oscillator to perform time-frequency synchronization to facilitate subsequent data transmission. The target device includes a device that performs data transmission with the zero-power device. In some embodiments, the device information of the target device includes at least one of device identification information and device group identification information.

[0192] In some embodiments, the information related to time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of the following:

[0193] Accuracy requirements for time-frequency synchronization;

[0194] Synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization;

[0195] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0196] The type of synchronization signal.

[0197] In some embodiments, the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization is required for the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time (synchronization duration) required for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization is positively correlated with the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization.

[0198] In some embodiments, the modulation method of data transmission is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0199] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal includes a signal used by the zero-power device for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the type of sequence used by the synchronization signal, the waveform of the synchronization signal, the frequency domain position of the synchronization signal, the period of the synchronization signal, and the duty cycle of the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization. The synchronization signal can directly use the synchronization signal in the related art, or it can be a newly designed synchronization signal. In some embodiments, in the WLAN system, the synchronization signal is the same as or different from the WUR Sync signal.

[0200] In some embodiments, based on the modulation mode of data transmission and / or other information (such as the above-mentioned accuracy requirements, synchronization signals, etc.), the zero-power device can determine the approximate time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0201] In some embodiments, the unit of synchronization time includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond. In some embodiments, because the zero-power device also receives the second control signaling at the time of scheduled data transmission, the synchronization time for the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization is less than (slightly less than) the time domain interval from the first control signaling to the data transmission. After determining the synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization, the zero-power device can infer the approximate time point of the second control signaling.

[0202] In some embodiments, the time-frequency synchronization-related information is indicated by a field carried by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values, or by a generated sequence used by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values. In some embodiments, the multiple candidate values ​​are preset, preconfigured, or configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0203] In some embodiments, the information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following:

[0204] The time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling;

[0205] The monitoring time window for the second control signaling;

[0206] Time-frequency resources for the second control signaling;

[0207] Modulation mode of the second control signaling.

[0208] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes a modulation scheme in MCS.

[0209] Given the uncertainties of resource scheduling and LBT, network devices may not be able to accurately predict the time domain resources for the second control signaling when sending the first control signaling. However, they can provide a rough time window (listening time window) to facilitate zero-power devices to listen. To facilitate listening by zero-power devices, the first control signaling is typically kept as simple as possible, with minimal payload, and thus occupies a much smaller bandwidth. However, the payload, modulation and coding scheme, and other aspects of the second control signaling may be significantly more complex than those of the first control signaling.

[0210] In some embodiments, after receiving the first control signaling, the zero-power device starts receiving synchronization signals to perform time-frequency synchronization, for example, frequently receiving synchronization signals at a shorter period, or waking up the MR to perform synchronization.

[0211] The second control signaling is used to indicate specific time-frequency resources for the zero-power consumption device to transmit data.

[0212] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, the network device can determine the resources allocated to the zero-power device only after the LBT successfully acquires the channel. In addition, the COT obtained by the network device each time through LBT is relatively limited. If the synchronization process takes too long, even if it has been allocated in the first control signaling, it may actually exceed the length of the COT. Therefore, when the synchronization process takes a long time, regardless of whether the two-step control signaling method is used, the network device needs to perform LBT again to acquire the channel to determine the resources allocated to the data transmission of the zero-power device. For licensed frequency bands, network devices and zero-power devices can use the channel without channel monitoring, and the advantage of using two-step control signaling may be relatively small compared to unlicensed frequency bands.

[0213] In some embodiments, the time interval K between the first control signaling and the data transmission of the zero-power device (or the synchronization time T for time-frequency synchronization, or the time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling) is controlled by the network device that sends the control signaling, such as an AP. The network device can determine the time interval based on the following factors.

[0214] The type of data transmitted, the modulation method of data transmission, etc.

[0215] Zero power device capabilities.

[0216] Characteristics of the synchronization signal, such as its length, period, transmission duty cycle, waveform, and modulation method.

[0217] In some embodiments, the time domain interval K reserved by the network device is greater than or equal to the actually required synchronization time determined by the zero-power consumption device according to the first control signaling.

[0218] In some embodiments, at least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information:

[0219] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0220] The type of data being transmitted;

[0221] The modulation method of data transmission.

[0222] In some embodiments, if the same information is indicated in both the first control signaling and the second control signaling, the first control signaling and the second control signaling may be allowed to indicate different values ​​for the same information, and the value indicated by the second control signaling shall prevail when the zero-power device transmits data.

[0223] In some embodiments, synchronization signals (e.g., beacon frames) can be provided by different devices or at different frequencies. This solution allows the zero-power device to only monitor the first control signaling and a portion of the downlink signal in most cases. The zero-power device is triggered to perform time-frequency synchronization only when data transmission is required. In addition, in the two-step control signaling method, the signaling overhead and signaling of the first control signaling can be as simple as possible, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the zero-power device in monitoring and detecting the first control signaling.

[0224] For the case where the control signaling is single-step control signaling:

[0225] The control signaling includes a third control signaling (single-step control signaling). The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0226] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a first field and a second field. The first field is used to indicate information related to time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission. For the content and indication of the information related to time-frequency synchronization, please refer to the relevant content above and will not be further described in this embodiment of the present application.

[0227] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a second field. The second field is used to indicate (explicitly indicate) the time-frequency resources for data transmission. In this case, the third control signaling is used to implicitly trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and can further trigger the zero-power device to determine the synchronization time of time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, after receiving the third control signaling, the zero-power device will automatically trigger the execution of the time-frequency synchronization process until the indicated data transmission time.

[0228] In some embodiments, since the time domain position of data transmission is known (indicated by the third control signaling), the zero-power device can perform time-frequency synchronization before data transmission according to its own implementation.

[0229] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, before data transmission, the zero-power device needs to first obtain a channel through UL LBT, or the network device obtains a channel through DL LBT and shares COT resources with the zero-power device.

[0230] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling includes the time domain position of the data transmission. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling includes the time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

[0231] In some embodiments, the unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond.

[0232] Considering that the time domain interval required for time-frequency synchronization varies from a few milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds, influenced by factors such as the capabilities of the zero-power device and the required synchronization accuracy, directly indicating the time domain interval in the third control signaling would result in a relatively large signaling overhead. To reduce the signaling overhead of the third control signaling, a combination of one or more of the following methods can be used.

[0233] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

[0234] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

[0235] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

[0236] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by a third control signaling in a candidate value set.

[0237] In some embodiments, the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set are preset, pre-configured, or configured by higher layer signaling. In some embodiments, the higher layer signaling includes at least one of an RRC message and a MAC CE.

[0238] In some embodiments, the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set are fixed values. In some embodiments, there are multiple sets of candidate items, each of which includes at least one of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set. That is, for one or more of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value, multiple sets of values ​​can be taken. The candidate items used to determine the time domain interval are determined based on at least one of the following information:

[0239] Zero-power device capabilities;

[0240] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0241] The type of data being transmitted;

[0242] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0243] Type of synchronization signal;

[0244] Indication of higher layer signaling.

[0245] In some embodiments, for the specific implementation of the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the second control signaling, reference may also be made to the relevant description in the above-mentioned third control signaling, and will not be repeated in detail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0246] To sum up, the method provided in this embodiment can ensure that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization and data transmission before data transmission by controlling signaling scheduling, avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0247] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application uses two-step control signaling to schedule the time-frequency synchronization process and data transmission of the zero-power device. Alternatively, single-step control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and schedule the data transmission of the zero-power device. By scheduling the time-frequency synchronization and data transmission of the zero-power device through control signaling, it can be ensured that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization before data transmission, avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0248] For the case where the control signaling is two-step control signaling, FIG10 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method includes:

[0249] Step 1002: The network device sends a first control signaling to the zero-power device.

[0250] The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization. Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time synchronization and frequency synchronization.

[0251] In some embodiments, the first control signaling includes at least one of the following information:

[0252] Trigger signal;

[0253] Information related to time-frequency synchronization;

[0254] Device information of the target device;

[0255] Information related to the second control signaling.

[0256] In some embodiments, the trigger signal is used to trigger (wake up) the zero-power device to turn on the crystal oscillator to perform time-frequency synchronization to facilitate subsequent data transmission. The target device includes a device that performs data transmission with the zero-power device. In some embodiments, the device information of the target device includes at least one of device identification information and device group identification information.

[0257] In some embodiments, the information related to time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of the following:

[0258] Accuracy requirements for time-frequency synchronization;

[0259] Synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization;

[0260] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0261] The type of synchronization signal.

[0262] In some embodiments, the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization is required for the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time (synchronization duration) required for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization is positively correlated with the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization.

[0263] In some embodiments, the modulation method of data transmission is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0264] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal includes a signal used by the zero-power device for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the type of sequence used by the synchronization signal, the waveform of the synchronization signal, the frequency domain position of the synchronization signal, the period of the synchronization signal, and the duty cycle of the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization. The synchronization signal can directly use the synchronization signal in the related art, or it can be a newly designed synchronization signal. In some embodiments, in the WLAN system, the synchronization signal is the same as or different from the WUR Sync signal.

[0265] In some embodiments, based on the modulation mode of data transmission and / or other information (such as the above-mentioned accuracy requirements, synchronization signals, etc.), the zero-power device can determine the approximate time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0266] In some embodiments, the unit of synchronization time includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond. In some embodiments, because the zero-power device also receives the second control signaling at the time of scheduled data transmission, the synchronization time for the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization is less than (slightly less than) the time domain interval from the first control signaling to the data transmission. After determining the synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization, the zero-power device can infer the approximate time point of the second control signaling.

[0267] In some embodiments, the time-frequency synchronization-related information is indicated by a field carried by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values, or by a generated sequence used by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values. In some embodiments, the multiple candidate values ​​are preset, preconfigured, or configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0268] In some embodiments, the information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following:

[0269] The time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling;

[0270] The monitoring time window for the second control signaling;

[0271] Time-frequency resources for the second control signaling;

[0272] Modulation mode of the second control signaling.

[0273] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes a modulation scheme in MCS.

[0274] Given the uncertainties of resource scheduling and LBT, network devices may not be able to accurately predict the time domain resources for the second control signaling when sending the first control signaling. However, they can provide a rough time window (listening time window) to facilitate zero-power devices to listen. To facilitate listening by zero-power devices, the first control signaling is typically kept as simple as possible, with minimal payload, and thus occupies a much smaller bandwidth. However, the payload, modulation and coding scheme, and other aspects of the second control signaling may be significantly more complex than those of the first control signaling.

[0275] Step 1004: The zero-power device performs time and frequency synchronization.

[0276] In some embodiments, after receiving the first control signaling, the zero-power device starts receiving synchronization signals to perform time-frequency synchronization, for example, frequently receiving synchronization signals at a shorter period, or waking up the MR to perform synchronization.

[0277] Step 1006: The network device sends a second control signaling to the zero-power device.

[0278] The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. The second control signaling is used to indicate the specific time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. Time-frequency resources include at least one of time domain resources and frequency domain resources. In some embodiments, the second control signaling follows the first control signaling, or the first control signaling precedes the second control signaling. This precedence includes a time domain precedence relationship.

[0279] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, the network device can determine the resources allocated to the zero-power device only after the LBT successfully acquires the channel. In addition, the COT obtained by the network device each time through LBT is relatively limited. If the synchronization process takes too long, even if it has been allocated in the first control signaling, it may actually exceed the length of the COT. Therefore, when the synchronization process takes a long time, regardless of whether the two-step control signaling method is used, the network device needs to perform LBT again to acquire the channel to determine the resources allocated to the data transmission of the zero-power device. For licensed frequency bands, network devices and zero-power devices can use the channel without channel monitoring, and the advantage of using two-step control signaling may be relatively small compared to unlicensed frequency bands.

[0280] In some embodiments, the time interval K between the first control signaling and the data transmission of the zero-power device (or the synchronization time T for time-frequency synchronization, or the time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling) is controlled by the network device that sends the control signaling, such as an AP. The network device can determine the time interval based on the following factors.

[0281] The type of data transmitted, the modulation method of data transmission, etc.

[0282] Zero power device capabilities.

[0283] Characteristics of the synchronization signal, such as its length, period, transmission duty cycle, waveform, and modulation method.

[0284] In some embodiments, the time domain interval K reserved by the network device is greater than or equal to the actually required synchronization time determined by the zero-power consumption device according to the first control signaling.

[0285] In some embodiments, at least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information:

[0286] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0287] The type of data being transmitted;

[0288] The modulation method of data transmission.

[0289] In some embodiments, if the same information is indicated in both the first control signaling and the second control signaling, the first control signaling and the second control signaling may be allowed to indicate different values ​​for the same information, and the value indicated by the second control signaling shall prevail when the zero-power device transmits data.

[0290] In some embodiments, synchronization signals (e.g., beacon frames) can be provided by different devices or at different frequencies. This solution allows the zero-power device to only monitor the first control signaling and a portion of the downlink signal in most cases. The zero-power device is triggered to perform time-frequency synchronization only when data transmission is required. In addition, in the two-step control signaling method, the signaling overhead and signaling of the first control signaling can be as simple as possible, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the zero-power device in monitoring and detecting the first control signaling.

[0291] Step 1008: The zero-power consumption device performs data transmission according to the time-frequency resources indicated by the second control signaling.

[0292] The data transmission of the zero-power device includes at least one of data reception and data transmission. In some embodiments, data transmission includes uplink transmission (sending via an uplink), for example, the zero-power device sends data to a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data transmission may also include side transmission (sending via a side link), for example, the zero-power device sends data to other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. In some embodiments, data reception includes receiving downlink data (receiving via a downlink), for example, receiving data sent by a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data reception may also include side reception (receiving via a side link), for example, receiving data sent by other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link.

[0293] In some embodiments, for the specific implementation of the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the second control signaling, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions involving the third control signaling in other embodiments, and will not be repeated in detail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0294] For example, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling data transmission process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 11, the network device obtains a channel through LBT, thereby sending a first control signaling 1101 to the zero-power device. The first control signaling 1101 triggers the zero-power device to perform time and frequency synchronization. The network device also obtains resources through LBT, thereby indicating the time and frequency resources for its data transmission to the zero-power device through the second control signaling 1102. It should be noted that the above-mentioned LBT process is not necessary, and LBT is usually only required to obtain channels for unlicensed frequency bands. For licensed frequency bands, transmission can be directly carried out on the specified time domain resources without the need for an LBT process. If the time domain interval K between the first control signaling 1101 and the data transmission is small, so that the first control signaling and the data transmission are within the same COT (such as 8ms), then a second LBT is not required.

[0295] For example, Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the signaling transmission process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 12, the mobile AP 1203 sends a control signaling to the zero-power device 1202 at the frequency point f2 to trigger the zero-power device 1202 to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission. The fixed AP 1201 sends a synchronization signal to the zero-power device 1202 through the beacon frame at the frequency point f1, and the zero-power device 1202 performs time-frequency synchronization. The zero-power device 1202 sends data to the mobile AP 1203 at the frequency point f3 according to the time-frequency resources indicated by the control signaling. In some embodiments, some of the three frequencies, namely, the frequency point f1 of the beacon frame, the downlink frequency point f2, and the uplink frequency point f3, may be the same. If f1 is different from f2, the zero-power device 1202 monitors the control signaling of the AP at frequency f1. After being awakened / triggered by the first control signaling, it will complete synchronization according to the synchronization signal of frequency f2 and monitor the second control signaling within the corresponding time window.

[0296] In this embodiment, step 1002, step 1004, step 1006, and step 1008 are optional. In different embodiments, one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced.

[0297] Step 1002 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a control signaling transmission method on a zero-power device or network device. Step 1004 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a synchronization method on a zero-power device. Step 1006 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a control signaling transmission method on a zero-power device or network device. Step 1008 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a data transmission method on a zero-power device.

[0298] To sum up, the method provided in this embodiment can ensure that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization and data transmission before data transmission by controlling signaling scheduling, avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0299] In addition, the time-frequency synchronization and data transmission of the zero-power device are scheduled separately through step-by-step control signaling, so that the scheduling of data transmission is separated from the time-frequency synchronization process, so that the time-frequency resources for data transmission can be flexibly scheduled. Through the information in the first control signaling, the zero-power device can determine the synchronization time required for its time-frequency synchronization. By carrying information in the first control signaling to indicate information in the candidate value, the first control signaling can be simplified and the signaling overhead can be reduced. By indicating information related to the second control signaling through the first control signaling, it is possible to facilitate the zero-power terminal to monitor the second control signaling. Carrying relevant information about the transmitted data through the control signaling helps to transmit data accurately.

[0300] For the case where the control signaling is single-step control signaling, FIG13 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The method includes:

[0301] Step 1302: The network device sends a third control signaling to the zero-power device.

[0302] The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power consumption device.

[0303] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a first field and a second field. The first field is used to indicate information related to time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission. For the content and indication of the information related to time-frequency synchronization, reference may be made to the relevant content in other embodiments and will not be further described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.

[0304] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a second field. The second field is used to indicate (explicitly indicate) the time-frequency resources for data transmission. In this case, the third control signaling is used to implicitly trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and can further trigger the zero-power device to determine the synchronization time of time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, after receiving the third control signaling, the zero-power device will automatically trigger the execution of the time-frequency synchronization process until the indicated data transmission time.

[0305] In some embodiments, since the time domain position of data transmission is known (indicated by the third control signaling), the zero-power device can perform time-frequency synchronization before data transmission according to its own implementation.

[0306] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, before data transmission, the zero-power device needs to first obtain a channel through UL LBT, or the network device obtains a channel through DL LBT and shares COT resources with the zero-power device.

[0307] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling includes the time domain position of the data transmission. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling includes the time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

[0308] In some embodiments, the unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond.

[0309] Considering that the time domain interval required for time-frequency synchronization varies from a few milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds, influenced by factors such as the capabilities of the zero-power device and the required synchronization accuracy, directly indicating the time domain interval in the third control signaling would result in a relatively large signaling overhead. To reduce the signaling overhead of the third control signaling, a combination of one or more of the following methods can be used.

[0310] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

[0311] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

[0312] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

[0313] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by a third control signaling in a candidate value set.

[0314] In some embodiments, the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set are preset, pre-configured, or configured by higher layer signaling. In some embodiments, the higher layer signaling includes at least one of an RRC message and a MAC CE.

[0315] In some embodiments, the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set are fixed values. In some embodiments, there are multiple sets of candidate items, each of which includes at least one of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set. That is, for one or more of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value, multiple sets of values ​​can be taken. The candidate items used to determine the time domain interval are determined based on at least one of the following information:

[0316] Zero-power device capabilities;

[0317] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0318] The type of data being transmitted;

[0319] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0320] Type of synchronization signal;

[0321] Indication of higher layer signaling.

[0322] Step 1304: The zero-power device performs time and frequency synchronization.

[0323] In some embodiments, upon receiving the third control signaling, the zero-power device may begin receiving synchronization signals for time-frequency synchronization. For example, the device may receive synchronization signals more frequently at shorter intervals or wake up the MR to perform synchronization. The zero-power device may also determine the synchronization time for its time-frequency synchronization.

[0324] Step 1306: The zero-power consumption device performs data transmission according to the time-frequency resources indicated by the third control signaling.

[0325] The data transmission of the zero-power device includes at least one of data reception and data transmission. In some embodiments, data transmission includes uplink transmission (sending via an uplink), for example, the zero-power device sends data to a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data transmission may also include side transmission (sending via a side link), for example, the zero-power device sends data to other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. In some embodiments, data reception includes receiving downlink data (receiving via a downlink), for example, receiving data sent by a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data reception may also include side reception (receiving via a side link), for example, receiving data sent by other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link.

[0326] For example, Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a scheduling data transmission process provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, the network device obtains a channel through LBT, thereby sending a third control signaling 1401 to the zero-power device. The third control signaling 1401 triggers the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicates the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device. It should be noted that the above-mentioned LBT process is not necessary, and LBT is usually only required to obtain a channel for unlicensed frequency bands. For licensed frequency bands, it can be transmitted directly on the specified time domain resources without the need for an LBT process. If the time domain interval K between the third control signaling 1401 and the data transmission is small, so that the third control signaling 1401 and the data transmission are within the same COT (such as 8ms), then a second LBT is not required. The network device obtains the channel occupancy time of COT=8ms through the first LBT, and transmits the third control signaling 1401 in the first part of the COT, instructing the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and data transmission in the latter part of the COT.

[0327] In this embodiment, step 1302, step 1304, and step 1306 are optional. In different embodiments, one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced.

[0328] Step 1302 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a control signaling transmission method on a zero-power device or network device. Step 1304 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a synchronization method on a zero-power device. Step 1306 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as a data transmission method on a zero-power device.

[0329] To sum up, the method provided in this embodiment can ensure that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization and data transmission before data transmission by controlling signaling scheduling, avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0330] In addition, by simultaneously scheduling the time-frequency synchronization and data transmission of zero-power devices through single-step control signaling, signaling overhead can be reduced and scheduling efficiency can be improved. By carrying only the field indicating the time-frequency resources for data transmission, the complexity of the third control signaling can be reduced. By indicating the time domain interval rather than the specific time domain position, the complexity of the indication information can be reduced. By using the indication value carried by the third control signaling to indicate the time domain interval together with the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set, the complexity of the indication information can be reduced, thereby reducing signaling overhead. By setting multiple groups of candidates, the time domain interval can be flexibly indicated for different scenarios.

[0331] It should be noted that the order of the method steps provided in the embodiments of the present application can be appropriately adjusted, the steps can also be increased or decreased accordingly according to the circumstances, and different steps can be freely combined to form new embodiments. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present invention can easily think of the method of variation within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and should be included in the protection scope of this application, so it will not be repeated here. In addition, the order of the above-mentioned different situations does not have a preferred meaning, but is only for the convenience of expression.

[0332] FIG15 is a block diagram of a zero-power consumption device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, wherein the device can be implemented as a zero-power consumption device or a part of a zero-power consumption device through software or hardware or a combination of both.

[0333] The receiving module 1501 is used to receive control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0334] In some embodiments, control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. In some embodiments, control signaling is used to separately trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time synchronization and frequency synchronization. Time-frequency resources include at least one of time domain resources and frequency domain resources.

[0335] The data transmission of the zero-power device includes at least one of data reception and data transmission. In some embodiments, data transmission includes uplink transmission (sending via an uplink), for example, the zero-power device sends data to a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data transmission may also include side transmission (sending via a side link), for example, the zero-power device sends data to other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. In some embodiments, data reception includes receiving downlink data (receiving via a downlink), for example, receiving data sent by a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data reception may also include side reception (receiving via a side link), for example, receiving data sent by other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link.

[0336] In some embodiments, after receiving the control signaling, the zero-power consumption device performs time-frequency synchronization according to the instruction thereof, and transmits data according to the time-frequency resources indicated therein.

[0337] For the case where the control signaling is two-step control signaling (2-step control):

[0338] The control signaling includes a first control signaling (the first step control signaling, control 1) and a second control signaling (the second step control signaling, control 2). The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and the second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0339] In some embodiments, the second control signaling is after the first control signaling, or the first control signaling is before the second control signaling. The order includes a time domain order.

[0340] In some embodiments, the first control signaling includes at least one of the following information:

[0341] Trigger signal;

[0342] Information related to time-frequency synchronization;

[0343] Device information of the target device;

[0344] Information related to the second control signaling.

[0345] In some embodiments, the trigger signal is used to trigger (wake up) the zero-power device to turn on the crystal oscillator to perform time-frequency synchronization to facilitate subsequent data transmission. The target device includes a device that performs data transmission with the zero-power device. In some embodiments, the device information of the target device includes at least one of device identification information and device group identification information.

[0346] In some embodiments, the information related to time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of the following:

[0347] Accuracy requirements for time-frequency synchronization;

[0348] Synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization;

[0349] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0350] The type of synchronization signal.

[0351] In some embodiments, the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization is required for the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time (synchronization duration) required for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization is positively correlated with the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization.

[0352] In some embodiments, the modulation method of data transmission is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0353] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal includes a signal used by the zero-power device for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the type of sequence used by the synchronization signal, the waveform of the synchronization signal, the frequency domain position of the synchronization signal, the period of the synchronization signal, and the duty cycle of the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization. The synchronization signal can directly use the synchronization signal in the related art, or it can be a newly designed synchronization signal. In some embodiments, in the WLAN system, the synchronization signal is the same as or different from the WUR Sync signal.

[0354] In some embodiments, based on the modulation mode of data transmission and / or other information (such as the above-mentioned accuracy requirements, synchronization signals, etc.), the zero-power device can determine the approximate time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0355] In some embodiments, the unit of synchronization time includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond. In some embodiments, because the zero-power device also receives the second control signaling at the time of scheduled data transmission, the synchronization time for the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization is less than (slightly less than) the time domain interval from the first control signaling to the data transmission. After determining the synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization, the zero-power device can infer the approximate time point of the second control signaling.

[0356] In some embodiments, the time-frequency synchronization-related information is indicated by a field carried by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values, or by a generated sequence used by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values. In some embodiments, the multiple candidate values ​​are preset, preconfigured, or configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0357] In some embodiments, the information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following:

[0358] The time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling;

[0359] The monitoring time window for the second control signaling;

[0360] Time-frequency resources for the second control signaling;

[0361] Modulation mode of the second control signaling.

[0362] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes a modulation scheme in MCS.

[0363] Given the uncertainties of resource scheduling and LBT, network devices may not be able to accurately predict the time domain resources for the second control signaling when sending the first control signaling. However, they can provide a rough time window (listening time window) to facilitate zero-power devices to listen. To facilitate listening by zero-power devices, the first control signaling is typically kept as simple as possible, with minimal payload, and thus occupies a much smaller bandwidth. However, the payload, modulation and coding scheme, and other aspects of the second control signaling may be significantly more complex than those of the first control signaling.

[0364] In some embodiments, after receiving the first control signaling, the zero-power device starts receiving synchronization signals to perform time-frequency synchronization, for example, frequently receiving synchronization signals at a shorter period, or waking up the MR to perform synchronization.

[0365] The second control signaling is used to indicate specific time-frequency resources for the zero-power consumption device to transmit data.

[0366] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, the network device can determine the resources allocated to the zero-power device only after the LBT successfully acquires the channel. In addition, the COT obtained by the network device each time through LBT is relatively limited. If the synchronization process takes too long, even if it has been allocated in the first control signaling, it may actually exceed the length of the COT. Therefore, when the synchronization process takes a long time, regardless of whether the two-step control signaling method is used, the network device needs to perform LBT again to acquire the channel to determine the resources allocated to the data transmission of the zero-power device. For licensed frequency bands, network devices and zero-power devices can use the channel without channel monitoring, and the advantage of using two-step control signaling may be relatively small compared to unlicensed frequency bands.

[0367] In some embodiments, the time interval K between the first control signaling and the data transmission of the zero-power device (or the synchronization time T for time-frequency synchronization, or the time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling) is controlled by the network device that sends the control signaling, such as an AP. The network device can determine the time interval based on the following factors.

[0368] The type of data transmitted, the modulation method of data transmission, etc.

[0369] Zero power device capabilities.

[0370] Characteristics of the synchronization signal, such as its length, period, transmission duty cycle, waveform, and modulation method.

[0371] In some embodiments, the time domain interval K reserved by the network device is greater than or equal to the actually required synchronization time determined by the zero-power consumption device according to the first control signaling.

[0372] In some embodiments, at least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information:

[0373] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0374] The type of data being transmitted;

[0375] The modulation method of data transmission.

[0376] In some embodiments, if the same information is indicated in both the first control signaling and the second control signaling, the first control signaling and the second control signaling may be allowed to indicate different values ​​for the same information, and the value indicated by the second control signaling shall prevail when the zero-power device transmits data.

[0377] In some embodiments, synchronization signals (e.g., beacon frames) can be provided by different devices or at different frequencies. This solution allows the zero-power device to only monitor the first control signaling and a portion of the downlink signal in most cases. The zero-power device is triggered to perform time-frequency synchronization only when data transmission is required. In addition, in the two-step control signaling method, the signaling overhead and signaling of the first control signaling can be as simple as possible, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the zero-power device in monitoring and detecting the first control signaling.

[0378] For the case where the control signaling is single-step control signaling:

[0379] The control signaling includes a third control signaling (single-step control signaling). The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0380] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a first field and a second field. The first field is used to indicate information related to time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission. For the content and indication of the information related to time-frequency synchronization, please refer to the relevant content above and will not be further described in this embodiment of the present application.

[0381] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a second field. The second field is used to indicate (explicitly indicate) the time-frequency resources for data transmission. In this case, the third control signaling is used to implicitly trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and can further trigger the zero-power device to determine the synchronization time of time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, after receiving the third control signaling, the zero-power device will automatically trigger the execution of the time-frequency synchronization process until the indicated data transmission time.

[0382] In some embodiments, since the time domain position of data transmission is known (indicated by the third control signaling), the zero-power device can perform time-frequency synchronization before data transmission according to its own implementation.

[0383] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, before data transmission, the zero-power device needs to first obtain a channel through UL LBT, or the network device obtains a channel through DL LBT and shares COT resources with the zero-power device.

[0384] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling include the time domain position of the data transmission. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling include the time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

[0385] In some embodiments, the unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond.

[0386] Considering that the time domain interval required for time-frequency synchronization varies from a few milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds, influenced by factors such as the capabilities of the zero-power device and the required synchronization accuracy, directly indicating the time domain interval in the third control signaling would result in a relatively large signaling overhead. To reduce the signaling overhead of the third control signaling, a combination of one or more of the following methods can be used.

[0387] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

[0388] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

[0389] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

[0390] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by a third control signaling in a candidate value set.

[0391] In some embodiments, the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set are preset, pre-configured, or configured by higher layer signaling. In some embodiments, the higher layer signaling includes at least one of an RRC message and a MAC CE.

[0392] In some embodiments, the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set are fixed values. In some embodiments, there are multiple sets of candidate items, each of which includes at least one of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set. That is, for one or more of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value, multiple sets of values ​​can be taken. The candidate items used to determine the time domain interval are determined based on at least one of the following information:

[0393] Zero-power device capabilities;

[0394] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0395] The type of data being transmitted;

[0396] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0397] Type of synchronization signal;

[0398] Indication of higher layer signaling.

[0399] In some embodiments, for the specific implementation of the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the second control signaling, reference may also be made to the relevant description in the above-mentioned third control signaling, and will not be repeated in detail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0400] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a receiving module 1501, which supports the execution of all receiving-related steps performed by the zero-power consumption device in each of the above embodiments.

[0401] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes multiple receiving modules 1501, and the multiple receiving modules 1501 respectively support the execution of some receiving-related steps performed by the zero-power consumption device in each of the above embodiments.

[0402] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different receiving modules 1501 are completely the same, partially the same, or completely different.

[0403] To sum up, the device provided in this embodiment can ensure that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization and data transmission before data transmission by controlling signaling scheduling of the zero-power device, thereby avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0404] FIG16 is a block diagram of a network-side device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, which can be implemented as a network device or a part of a network device through software or hardware or a combination of both.

[0405] The sending module 1601 is used to send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

[0406] In some embodiments, control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. In some embodiments, control signaling is used to separately trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission by the zero-power device. Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time synchronization and frequency synchronization. Time-frequency resources include at least one of time domain resources and frequency domain resources.

[0407] The data transmission of the zero-power device includes at least one of data reception and data transmission. In some embodiments, data transmission includes uplink transmission (sending via an uplink), for example, the zero-power device sends data to a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data transmission may also include side transmission (sending via a side link), for example, the zero-power device sends data to other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link. In some embodiments, data reception includes receiving downlink data (receiving via a downlink), for example, receiving data sent by a network device (base station, AP, etc.). Data reception may also include side reception (receiving via a side link), for example, receiving data sent by other user devices (mobile phone, computer, another zero-power device, etc.) via a side link.

[0408] In some embodiments, after receiving the control signaling, the zero-power consumption device performs time-frequency synchronization according to the instruction thereof, and transmits data according to the time-frequency resources indicated therein.

[0409] For the case where the control signaling is two-step control signaling (2-step control):

[0410] The control signaling includes a first control signaling (the first step control signaling, control 1) and a second control signaling (the second step control signaling, control 2). The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and the second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0411] In some embodiments, the second control signaling is after the first control signaling, or the first control signaling is before the second control signaling. The order includes a time domain order.

[0412] In some embodiments, the first control signaling includes at least one of the following information:

[0413] Trigger signal;

[0414] Information related to time-frequency synchronization;

[0415] Device information of the target device;

[0416] Information related to the second control signaling.

[0417] In some embodiments, the trigger signal is used to trigger (wake up) the zero-power device to turn on the crystal oscillator to perform time-frequency synchronization to facilitate subsequent data transmission. The target device includes a device that performs data transmission with the zero-power device. In some embodiments, the device information of the target device includes at least one of device identification information and device group identification information.

[0418] In some embodiments, the information related to time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of the following:

[0419] Accuracy requirements for time-frequency synchronization;

[0420] Synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization;

[0421] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0422] The type of synchronization signal.

[0423] In some embodiments, the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization is required for the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time (synchronization duration) required for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization is positively correlated with the accuracy of time-frequency synchronization.

[0424] In some embodiments, the modulation method of data transmission is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0425] In some embodiments, the synchronization signal includes a signal used by the zero-power device for time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal includes at least one of the type of sequence used by the synchronization signal, the waveform of the synchronization signal, the frequency domain position of the synchronization signal, the period of the synchronization signal, and the duty cycle of the synchronization signal. In some embodiments, the type of the synchronization signal is used by the zero-power device to estimate / determine the synchronization time required for time-frequency synchronization. The synchronization signal can directly use the synchronization signal in the related art, or it can be a newly designed synchronization signal. In some embodiments, in the WLAN system, the synchronization signal is the same as or different from the WUR Sync signal.

[0426] In some embodiments, based on the modulation mode of data transmission and / or other information (such as the above-mentioned accuracy requirements, synchronization signals, etc.), the zero-power device can determine the approximate time required for time-frequency synchronization.

[0427] In some embodiments, the unit of synchronization time includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond. In some embodiments, because the zero-power device also receives the second control signaling at the time of scheduled data transmission, the synchronization time for the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization is less than (slightly less than) the time domain interval from the first control signaling to the data transmission. After determining the synchronization time for time-frequency synchronization, the zero-power device can infer the approximate time point of the second control signaling.

[0428] In some embodiments, the time-frequency synchronization-related information is indicated by a field carried by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values, or by a generated sequence used by the first control signaling in multiple candidate values. In some embodiments, the multiple candidate values ​​are preset, preconfigured, or configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0429] In some embodiments, the information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following:

[0430] The time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling;

[0431] The monitoring time window for the second control signaling;

[0432] Time-frequency resources for the second control signaling;

[0433] Modulation mode of the second control signaling.

[0434] In some embodiments, the modulation scheme includes a modulation scheme in MCS.

[0435] Given the uncertainties of resource scheduling and LBT, network devices may not be able to accurately predict the time domain resources for the second control signaling when sending the first control signaling. However, they can provide a rough time window (listening time window) to facilitate zero-power devices to listen. To facilitate listening by zero-power devices, the first control signaling is typically kept as simple as possible, with minimal payload, and thus occupies a much smaller bandwidth. However, the payload, modulation and coding scheme, and other aspects of the second control signaling may be significantly more complex than those of the first control signaling.

[0436] In some embodiments, after receiving the first control signaling, the zero-power device starts receiving synchronization signals to perform time-frequency synchronization, for example, frequently receiving synchronization signals at a shorter period, or waking up the MR to perform synchronization.

[0437] The second control signaling is used to indicate specific time-frequency resources for the zero-power consumption device to transmit data.

[0438] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, the network device can determine the resources allocated to the zero-power device only after the LBT successfully acquires the channel. In addition, the COT obtained by the network device each time through LBT is relatively limited. If the synchronization process takes too long, even if it has been allocated in the first control signaling, it may actually exceed the length of the COT. Therefore, when the synchronization process takes a long time, regardless of whether the two-step control signaling method is used, the network device needs to perform LBT again to acquire the channel to determine the resources allocated to the data transmission of the zero-power device. For licensed frequency bands, network devices and zero-power devices can use the channel without channel monitoring, and the advantage of using two-step control signaling may be relatively small compared to unlicensed frequency bands.

[0439] In some embodiments, the time interval K between the first control signaling and the data transmission of the zero-power device (or the synchronization time T for time-frequency synchronization, or the time interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling) is controlled by the network device that sends the control signaling, such as an AP. The network device can determine the time interval based on the following factors.

[0440] The type of data transmitted, the modulation method of data transmission, etc.

[0441] Zero power device capabilities.

[0442] Characteristics of the synchronization signal, such as its length, period, transmission duty cycle, waveform, and modulation method.

[0443] In some embodiments, the time domain interval K reserved by the network device is greater than or equal to the actually required synchronization time determined by the zero-power consumption device according to the first control signaling.

[0444] In some embodiments, at least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information:

[0445] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0446] The type of data being transmitted;

[0447] The modulation method of data transmission.

[0448] In some embodiments, if the same information is indicated in both the first control signaling and the second control signaling, the first control signaling and the second control signaling may be allowed to indicate different values ​​for the same information, and the value indicated by the second control signaling shall prevail when the zero-power device transmits data.

[0449] In some embodiments, synchronization signals (e.g., beacon frames) can be provided by different devices or at different frequencies. This solution allows the zero-power device to only monitor the first control signaling and a portion of the downlink signal in most cases. The zero-power device is triggered to perform time-frequency synchronization only when data transmission is required. In addition, in the two-step control signaling method, the signaling overhead and signaling of the first control signaling can be as simple as possible, thereby reducing the complexity and energy consumption of the zero-power device in monitoring and detecting the first control signaling.

[0450] For the case where the control signaling is single-step control signaling:

[0451] The control signaling includes a third control signaling (single-step control signaling). The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission of the zero-power device.

[0452] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a first field and a second field. The first field is used to indicate information related to time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission. For the content and indication of the information related to time-frequency synchronization, please refer to the relevant content above and will not be further described in this embodiment of the present application.

[0453] In some embodiments, the third control signaling includes a second field. The second field is used to indicate (explicitly indicate) the time-frequency resources for data transmission. In this case, the third control signaling is used to implicitly trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization, and can further trigger the zero-power device to determine the synchronization time of time-frequency synchronization. In some embodiments, after receiving the third control signaling, the zero-power device will automatically trigger the execution of the time-frequency synchronization process until the indicated data transmission time.

[0454] In some embodiments, since the time domain position of data transmission is known (indicated by the third control signaling), the zero-power device can perform time-frequency synchronization before data transmission according to its own implementation.

[0455] In some embodiments, for unlicensed frequency bands, before data transmission, the zero-power device needs to first obtain a channel through UL LBT, or the network device obtains a channel through DL LBT and shares COT resources with the zero-power device.

[0456] In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling includes the time domain position of the data transmission. In some embodiments, the time-frequency resource for data transmission indicated by the third control signaling includes the time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

[0457] In some embodiments, the unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a symbol, and a millisecond.

[0458] Considering that the time domain interval required for time-frequency synchronization varies from a few milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds, influenced by factors such as the capabilities of the zero-power device and the required synchronization accuracy, directly indicating the time domain interval in the third control signaling would result in a relatively large signaling overhead. To reduce the signaling overhead of the third control signaling, a combination of one or more of the following methods can be used.

[0459] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

[0460] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

[0461] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

[0462] In some embodiments, the time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by a third control signaling in a candidate value set.

[0463] In some embodiments, the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set are preset, pre-configured, or configured by higher layer signaling. In some embodiments, the higher layer signaling includes at least one of an RRC message and a MAC CE.

[0464] In some embodiments, the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set are fixed values. In some embodiments, there are multiple sets of candidate items, each of which includes at least one of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value set. That is, for one or more of the time granularity, offset value, and candidate value, multiple sets of values ​​can be taken. The candidate items used to determine the time domain interval are determined based on at least one of the following information:

[0465] Zero-power device capabilities;

[0466] The content of the data being transmitted;

[0467] The type of data being transmitted;

[0468] The modulation method of data transmission;

[0469] Type of synchronization signal;

[0470] Indication of higher layer signaling.

[0471] In some embodiments, for the specific implementation of the time-frequency resources for data transmission indicated by the second control signaling, reference may also be made to the relevant description in the above-mentioned third control signaling, and will not be repeated in detail in the embodiments of the present application.

[0472] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a sending module 1601, which supports the execution of all sending-related steps performed by the network device in each of the above embodiments.

[0473] In some embodiments, the apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application includes multiple sending modules 1601, and the multiple sending modules 1601 respectively support the execution of some of the sending-related steps performed by the network device in each of the above embodiments.

[0474] In some embodiments, the steps performed by different sending modules 1601 are completely the same, partially the same, or completely different.

[0475] To sum up, the device provided in this embodiment can ensure that the zero-power device reserves sufficient time for time-frequency synchronization and data transmission before data transmission by controlling signaling scheduling of the zero-power device, thereby avoiding long data transmission waiting delays, helping to ensure the time-frequency accuracy of the zero-power device and improving the reliability of data transmission and reception of the zero-power device.

[0476] It should be noted that the device provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules as an example to implement its functions. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules according to actual needs, that is, the content structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0477] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0478] Figure 17 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The communication device is a zero-power device or a network device. The communication device 1700 includes: a processor 1701, a receiver 1702, a transmitter 1703, a memory 1704 and a bus 1705.

[0479] The processor 1701 includes one or more processing cores. The processor 1701 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.

[0480] The receiver 1702 and the transmitter 1703 may be implemented as a communication component, which may be a communication chip.

[0481] The memory 1704 is connected to the processor 1701 via a bus 1705. The memory 1704 may be used to store at least one instruction, and the processor 1701 may be used to execute the at least one instruction to implement each step in the above method embodiment.

[0482] In addition, the memory 1704 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof. Volatile or non-volatile storage devices include but are not limited to: magnetic disks or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), static random-access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory (PROM).

[0483] In some embodiments, the receiver 1702 is configured to receive control signaling, the control signaling being used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission. In some embodiments, the receiver 1702 is further configured to perform other steps related to the received processing in the above method embodiments.

[0484] In some embodiments, the transmitter 1703 is configured to receive control signaling, the control signaling being used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission. In some embodiments, the transmitter 1703 is also used to perform other steps related to the sending process in the above method embodiments.

[0485] In some embodiments, the receiver 1702 is configured to send control signaling, the control signaling being used to trigger the zero-power device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission. In some embodiments, the processor 1701 is further configured to execute other steps related to measurement processing in the above method embodiments.

[0486] In some embodiments, the receiver 1702 receives signals / data independently, or the processor 1701 controls the receiver 1702 to receive signals / data, or the processor 1701 requests the receiver 1702 to receive signals / data, or the processor 1701 cooperates with the receiver 1702 to receive signals / data.

[0487] In some embodiments, the transmitter 1703 independently sends signals / data, or the processor 1701 controls the transmitter 1703 to send signals / data, or the processor 1701 requests the transmitter 1703 to send signals / data, or the processor 1701 cooperates with the transmitter 1703 to send signals / data.

[0488] In some embodiments, the processor 1701 and the receiver 1702 may be implemented as one module, or the processor 1701 may be implemented as a part of the receiver 1702 .

[0489] In some embodiments, the receiver 1702 may be implemented as a receiver. Optionally, the receiver includes the processor 1701 or does not include the processor 1701.

[0490] In some embodiments, the processor 1701 and the transmitter 1703 may be implemented as one module, or the processor 1701 may be implemented as a part of the transmitter 1703 .

[0491] In some embodiments, the transmitter 1703 may be implemented as a transmitter. Optionally, the receiver includes the processor 1701 or does not include the processor 1701.

[0492] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, in which at least one instruction, at least one program, code set or instruction set is stored. The at least one instruction, the at least one program, the code set or instruction set is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0493] In an exemplary embodiment, a chip is also provided, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions. When the chip runs on a communication device, it is used to implement the data transmission method provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments based on the programmable logic circuit and / or program.

[0494] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is further provided. When the computer program product is executed on a processor of a computer device, the computer device is enabled to perform the above-mentioned data transmission method.

[0495] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program is further provided. The computer program includes computer instructions. A processor of a computer device executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device performs the above-mentioned data transmission method.

[0496] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in one or more of the above examples, the functions described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0497] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a zero-power consumption device, and the method includes: Receive control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control signaling includes a first control signaling and a second control signaling; The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization; The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The second control signaling is subsequent to the first control signaling.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first control signaling includes at least one of the following information: Trigger signal; Information related to the time-frequency synchronization; Device information of the target device; Information related to the second control signaling; The target device includes a device that performs the data transmission with the zero-power consumption device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in the multiple candidate values ​​by a generation sequence adopted by the first control signaling.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The multiple candidate values ​​are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-layer signaling.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The device information includes at least one of the following: Device identification information; Device group identification information.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following: A time domain interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling; A monitoring time window of the second control signaling; time-frequency resources of the second control signaling; A modulation mode of the second control signaling.

9. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: At least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information: the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; The modulation method of the data transmission.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The control signaling includes third control signaling; The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a first field and a second field; The first field is used to indicate the information related to the time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a second field; The second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: The time-frequency resources for data transmission include a time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by the third control signaling in a candidate value set.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that: The time granularity, offset value and candidate value set are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-level signaling.

19. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that: The unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

20. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that: There are multiple groups of candidate items, the candidate items include at least one of the time granularity, the offset value and the candidate value set, and the candidate items for determining the time domain interval are determined according to at least one of the following information: Capabilities of the zero-power device; the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; Modulation mode of the data transmission; Type of synchronization signal; Indication of higher layer signaling.

21. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8 and 11, characterized in that: The time-frequency synchronization related information includes at least one of the following: The accuracy requirement of the time-frequency synchronization; The synchronization time of the time-frequency synchronization; Modulation mode of the data transmission; The type of synchronization signal.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The unit of the synchronization time includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

23. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that: The data transmission includes at least one of the following: Data reception; Data is sent.

24. A data transmission method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a network device, and the method includes: Send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The control signaling includes a first control signaling and a second control signaling; The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization; The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The second control signaling is subsequent to the first control signaling.

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that The first control signaling includes at least one of the following information: Trigger signal; Information related to the time-frequency synchronization; Device information of the target device; Information related to the second control signaling; The target device includes a device that performs the data transmission with the zero-power consumption device.

28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that The information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in the multiple candidate values ​​by a generation sequence adopted by the first control signaling.

29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that The multiple candidate values ​​are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-layer signaling.

30. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 29, characterized in that: The device information includes at least one of the following: Device identification information; Device group identification information.

31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30, characterized in that: The information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following: A time domain interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling; A monitoring time window of the second control signaling; time-frequency resources of the second control signaling; A modulation mode of the second control signaling.

32. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 31, characterized in that At least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information: the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; The modulation method of the data transmission.

33. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 32, characterized in that: The control signaling includes third control signaling; The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a first field and a second field; The first field is used to indicate the information related to the time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

35. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a second field; The second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

36. The method according to any one of claims 33 to 35, characterized in that The time-frequency resources for data transmission include a time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

37. The method according to claim 36, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

38. The method according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

39. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

40. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 39, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by the third control signaling in a candidate value set.

41. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 40, characterized in that The time granularity, offset value and candidate value set are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-level signaling.

42. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 41, characterized in that The unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

43. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 41, characterized in that There are multiple groups of candidate items, the candidate items include at least one of the time granularity, the offset value and the candidate value set, and the candidate items for determining the time domain interval are determined according to at least one of the following information: Capabilities of the zero-power device; the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; Modulation mode of the data transmission; Type of synchronization signal; Indication of higher layer signaling.

44. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 31 and 34, characterized in that: The time-frequency synchronization related information includes at least one of the following: The accuracy requirement of the time-frequency synchronization; The synchronization time of the time-frequency synchronization; Modulation mode of the data transmission; The type of synchronization signal.

45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that The unit of the synchronization time includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

46. ​​The method according to any one of claims 24 to 45, characterized in that The data transmission includes at least one of the following: Data reception; Data is sent.

47. A zero power consumption device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The receiving module is used to receive control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

48. The device according to claim 47, characterized in that The control signaling includes a first control signaling and a second control signaling; The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization; The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

49. The device according to claim 48, characterized in that The second control signaling is subsequent to the first control signaling.

50. The device according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that The first control signaling includes at least one of the following information: Trigger signal; Information related to the time-frequency synchronization; Device information of the target device; Information related to the second control signaling; The target device includes a device that performs the data transmission with the zero-power consumption device.

51. The device according to claim 50, characterized in that The information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in the multiple candidate values ​​by a generation sequence adopted by the first control signaling.

52. The device according to claim 51, characterized in that The multiple candidate values ​​are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-layer signaling.

53. The device according to any one of claims 50 to 52, characterized in that The device information includes at least one of the following: Device identification information; Device group identification information.

54. The device according to any one of claims 50 to 53, characterized in that The information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following: A time domain interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling; A monitoring time window of the second control signaling; time-frequency resources of the second control signaling; A modulation mode of the second control signaling.

55. The device according to any one of claims 48 to 54, characterized in that At least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information: the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; The modulation method of the data transmission.

56. The device according to any one of claims 47 to 55, characterized in that The control signaling includes third control signaling; The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

57. The device according to claim 56, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a first field and a second field; The first field is used to indicate the information related to the time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

58. The device according to claim 56, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a second field; The second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

59. The device according to any one of claims 56 to 58, characterized in that The time-frequency resources for data transmission include a time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

60. The device according to claim 59, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

61. The device according to claim 59 or 60, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

62. The device according to any one of claims 59 to 61, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

63. The device according to any one of claims 59 to 62, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by the third control signaling in a candidate value set.

64. The device according to any one of claims 60 to 63, characterized in that The time granularity, offset value and candidate value set are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-level signaling.

65. The device according to any one of claims 59 to 64, characterized in that The unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

66. The device according to any one of claims 60 to 64, characterized in that There are multiple groups of candidate items, the candidate items include at least one of the time granularity, the offset value and the candidate value set, and the candidate items for determining the time domain interval are determined according to at least one of the following information: Capabilities of the zero-power device; the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; Modulation mode of the data transmission; Type of synchronization signal; Indication of higher layer signaling.

67. The device according to any one of claims 50 to 54 and 57, characterized in that The time-frequency synchronization related information includes at least one of the following: The accuracy requirement of the time-frequency synchronization; The synchronization time of the time-frequency synchronization; Modulation mode of the data transmission; The type of synchronization signal.

68. The device according to claim 67, characterized in that The unit of the synchronization time includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

69. The device according to any one of claims 47 to 68, characterized in that The data transmission includes at least one of the following: Data reception; Data is sent.

70. A network side device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The sending module is used to send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for data transmission.

71. The device according to claim 70, characterized in that The control signaling includes a first control signaling and a second control signaling; The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization; The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

72. The device according to claim 71, characterized in that The second control signaling is subsequent to the first control signaling.

73. The device according to claim 71 or 72, characterized in that The first control signaling includes at least one of the following information: Trigger signal; Information related to the time-frequency synchronization; Device information of the target device; Information related to the second control signaling; The target device includes a device that performs the data transmission with the zero-power consumption device.

74. The device according to claim 73, characterized in that The information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in the multiple candidate values ​​by a generation sequence adopted by the first control signaling.

75. The device according to claim 74, characterized in that The multiple candidate values ​​are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-layer signaling.

76. The device according to any one of claims 73 to 75, characterized in that The device information includes at least one of the following: Device identification information; Device group identification information.

77. The device according to any one of claims 73 to 76, characterized in that The information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following: A time domain interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling; A monitoring time window of the second control signaling; time-frequency resources of the second control signaling; A modulation mode of the second control signaling.

78. The device according to any one of claims 71 to 77, characterized in that At least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information: the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; The modulation mode of the data transmission.

79. The device according to any one of claims 70 to 78, characterized in that The control signaling includes a third control signaling; The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

80. The device according to claim 79, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a first field and a second field; The first field is used to indicate the information related to the time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

81. The device according to claim 79, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a second field; The second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

82. The device according to any one of claims 79 to 81, characterized in that The time-frequency resources for data transmission include a time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

83. The device according to claim 82, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

84. The device according to claim 82 or 83, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

85. The device according to any one of claims 82 to 84, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

86. The device according to any one of claims 82 to 85, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by the third control signaling in a candidate value set.

87. The device according to any one of claims 83 to 86, characterized in that The time granularity, offset value and candidate value set are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-level signaling.

88. The device according to any one of claims 82 to 87, characterized in that The unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

89. The device according to any one of claims 83 to 87, characterized in that There are multiple groups of candidate items, the candidate items include at least one of the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set, and the candidate items for determining the time domain interval are determined according to at least one of the following information: Capabilities of the zero-power device; the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; Modulation mode of the data transmission; Type of synchronization signal; Indication of higher layer signaling.

90. The device according to any one of claims 73 to 77 and 80, characterized in that The time-frequency synchronization related information includes at least one of the following: The accuracy requirement of the time-frequency synchronization; The synchronization time of the time-frequency synchronization; Modulation mode of the data transmission; The type of synchronization signal.

91. The device according to claim 90, characterized in that The unit of the synchronization time includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

92. The device according to any one of claims 70 to 91, characterized in that The data transmission includes at least one of the following: Data reception; Data is sent.

93. A zero-power consumption device, characterized in that: The zero-power consumption device comprises: processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor; The zero-power consumption device is configured to receive control signaling, and the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

94. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 93, characterized in that: The control signaling includes a first control signaling and a second control signaling; The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization; The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

95. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 94, characterized in that: The second control signaling is subsequent to the first control signaling.

96. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 94 or 95, characterized in that: The first control signaling includes at least one of the following information: Trigger signal; Information related to the time-frequency synchronization; Device information of the target device; Information related to the second control signaling; The target device includes a device that performs the data transmission with the zero-power consumption device.

97. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 96, characterized in that The information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in the multiple candidate values ​​by a generation sequence adopted by the first control signaling.

98. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 97, characterized in that: The multiple candidate values ​​are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-layer signaling.

99. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 96 to 98, characterized in that: The device information includes at least one of the following: Device identification information; Device group identification information.

100. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 96 to 99, characterized in that: The information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following: A time domain interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling; A monitoring time window of the second control signaling; time-frequency resources of the second control signaling; A modulation mode of the second control signaling.

101. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 94 to 100, characterized in that: At least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information: the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; The modulation method of the data transmission.

102. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 93 to 101, characterized in that: The control signaling includes third control signaling; The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

103. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 102, characterized in that: The third control signaling includes a first field and a second field; The first field is used to indicate the information related to the time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

104. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 102, characterized in that: The third control signaling includes a second field; The second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

105. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 102 to 104, characterized in that: The time-frequency resources for data transmission include a time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

106. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 105, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

107. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 105 or 106, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

108. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 105 to 107, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

109. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 105 to 108, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by the third control signaling in a candidate value set.

110. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 106 to 109, characterized in that: The time granularity, offset value and candidate value set are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-level signaling.

111. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 105 to 110, characterized in that: The unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

112. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 106 to 110, characterized in that: There are multiple groups of candidate items, the candidate items include at least one of the time granularity, the offset value and the candidate value set, and the candidate items for determining the time domain interval are determined according to at least one of the following information: Capabilities of the zero-power device; the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; Modulation mode of the data transmission; Type of synchronization signal; Indication of higher layer signaling.

113. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 96 to 100 and 103, characterized in that: The time-frequency synchronization related information includes at least one of the following: The accuracy requirement of the time-frequency synchronization; The synchronization time of the time-frequency synchronization; Modulation mode of the data transmission; The type of synchronization signal.

114. The zero-power consumption device according to claim 113, characterized in that: The unit of the synchronization time includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

115. The zero-power consumption device according to any one of claims 93 to 114, characterized in that: The data transmission includes at least one of the following: Data reception; Data is sent.

116. A network device, characterized in that: The network equipment includes: processor; a transceiver connected to the processor; a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor; The network device is configured to send control signaling, where the control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform time-frequency synchronization and indicate time-frequency resources for data transmission.

117. The network device according to claim 116, characterized in that The control signaling includes a first control signaling and a second control signaling; The first control signaling is used to trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization; The second control signaling is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

118. The network device according to claim 117, characterized in that: The second control signaling is subsequent to the first control signaling.

119. The network device according to claim 117 or 118, characterized in that: The first control signaling includes at least one of the following information: Trigger signal; Information related to the time-frequency synchronization; Device information of the target device; Information related to the second control signaling; The target device includes a device that performs the data transmission with the zero-power consumption device.

120. The network device according to claim 119, characterized in that The information related to time-frequency synchronization is indicated in multiple candidate values ​​by a field carried by the first control signaling, or is indicated in the multiple candidate values ​​by a generation sequence adopted by the first control signaling.

121. The network device according to claim 120, characterized in that The multiple candidate values ​​are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-layer signaling.

122. The network device according to any one of claims 119 to 121, characterized in that: The device information includes at least one of the following: Device identification information; Device group identification information.

123. The network device according to any one of claims 119 to 122, characterized in that: The information related to the second control signaling includes at least one of the following: A time domain interval between the first control signaling and the second control signaling; A monitoring time window of the second control signaling; time-frequency resources of the second control signaling; A modulation mode of the second control signaling.

124. The network device according to any one of claims 117 to 123, characterized in that: At least one of the first control signaling and the second control signaling further includes at least one of the following information: the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; The modulation method of the data transmission.

125. The network device according to any one of claims 116 to 124, characterized in that: The control signaling includes third control signaling; The third control signaling is used to simultaneously trigger the zero-power consumption device to perform the time-frequency synchronization and indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

126. The network device according to claim 125, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a first field and a second field; The first field is used to indicate the information related to the time-frequency synchronization, and the second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

127. The network device according to claim 125, characterized in that The third control signaling includes a second field; The second field is used to indicate the time-frequency resources for the data transmission.

128. The network device according to any one of claims 125 to 127, characterized in that: The time-frequency resources for data transmission include a time domain interval between the data transmission and the third control signaling.

129. The network device according to claim 128, characterized in that The time domain interval is indicated by the product of the first indication value carried by the third control signaling and the time granularity.

130. The network device according to claim 128 or 129, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by the sum of the second indication value and the offset value carried by the third control signaling.

131. The network device according to any one of claims 128 to 130, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a sum of a product and an offset value, where the product is the product of a first indication value carried by the third control signaling and a time granularity.

132. The network device according to any one of claims 128 to 131, characterized in that: The time domain interval is indicated by a third indication value carried by the third control signaling in a candidate value set.

133. The network device according to any one of claims 129 to 132, characterized in that: The time granularity, offset value and candidate value set are preset or preconfigured or configured by high-level signaling.

134. The network device according to any one of claims 128 to 133, characterized in that: The unit of the time domain interval includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

135. The network device according to any one of claims 129 to 133, characterized in that: There are multiple groups of candidate items, the candidate items include at least one of the time granularity, the offset value, and the candidate value set, and the candidate items for determining the time domain interval are determined according to at least one of the following information: Capabilities of the zero-power device; the data content of the data transmission; The data type of the data transmission; Modulation mode of the data transmission; Type of synchronization signal; Indication of higher layer signaling.

136. The network device according to any one of claims 119 to 123 and 126, characterized in that: The time-frequency synchronization related information includes at least one of the following: The accuracy requirement of the time-frequency synchronization; The synchronization time of the time-frequency synchronization; Modulation mode of the data transmission; The type of synchronization signal.

137. The network device according to claim 136, characterized in that The unit of the synchronization time includes at least one of the following: Wireless frames; subframe; Time slot; symbol; millisecond.

138. The network device according to any one of claims 116 to 137, characterized in that: The data transmission includes at least one of the following: Data reception; Data is sent.

139. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores executable instructions, and the executable instructions are loaded and executed by a processor to implement the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 46.

140. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a programmable logic circuit or a program, and the chip is used to implement the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 46 based on the programmable logic circuit or the program.

141. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product includes computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 46.

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