Intelligent detonation control method of wireless digital electronic detonator

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent detonation control method of a wireless digital electronic detonator. The intelligent detonation control method comprises the following steps: receiving an encrypted detonation instruction signal sent by a remote control center through a wireless receiving module; verifying and decoding the encrypted detonation command signal in sequence, and extracting an effective detonation command and matched parameters; a local environment detection module is started, and real-time environment safety parameters are collected and obtained; performing dual verification on the identity identification code of the electronic detonator and the working state of the electronic detonator; based on the decoded detonation parameters, the real-time environment safety parameters and the working state of the detonator verification passing, final detonation control parameters are calculated through a detonation decision algorithm; the final detonation control parameters are output to a detonation module, and the detonation module executes ignition operation; the safe, accurate and controllable detonation of the electronic detonator is realized through the process design of encryption verification, environmental perception, dual verification, multi-source collaborative decision and accurate detonation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) blasting technology, and more particularly to an intelligent initiation control method for a wireless digital electronic detonator. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic detonators, as an upgraded replacement for traditional detonators and detonating cord detonators, have become the mainstream equipment in the blasting industry due to their advantages such as precise detonation timing and strong safety and controllability. With the development of the Industrial Internet of Things and wireless communication technology, electronic detonators are gradually evolving from wired control to wireless intelligent control. Early wired electronic detonators required physical wiring to connect to the detonator, resulting in problems such as complex wiring, low operating efficiency, and weak adaptability to complex terrain. The first generation of wireless electronic detonators mostly used simple radio frequency communication, which could only realize the transmission of basic detonation commands and lacked dynamic perception and intelligent decision-making of the environment and equipment status. In recent years, with the increasing requirements for safety and accuracy in blasting engineering, wireless digital electronic detonators with multi-parameter monitoring and remote control functions have become the development trend. Their core requirements are concentrated on command transmission security, precise detonation timing, and multi-detonator collaborative controllability. However, current market products still have many technical shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the aforementioned core requirements. Specifically: First, command transmission security is insufficient; some products use only a single encryption method, making them susceptible to electromagnetic interference or malicious tampering, posing a risk of accidental detonation. Second, environmental adaptability is poor; the impact of environmental factors such as vibration, electromagnetic interference, temperature, and humidity at the blasting site on detonation safety is not fully considered, and indiscriminate detonation may lead to safety accidents. Third, equipment verification mechanisms are inadequate, lacking both strict verification of the detonator's legal identity and its own operational status (such as capacitor voltage and ignition circuit). Verification is difficult due to equipment failure or accidental triggering, which can lead to detonation failure. Fourth, the timing accuracy of multi-detonator coordinated detonation is low, failing to effectively correct timing deviations caused by factors such as network transmission delay and distance differences. Furthermore, the detonation sequence waveform is not optimized, resulting in unreasonable superposition of blasting energy and affecting the blasting effect. Fifth, the decision-making logic is simplistic, relying solely on instructions or single parameters to determine whether to detonate, lacking fusion analysis of multi-source data from the environment, equipment, and instructions, resulting in insufficient scientific rigor and reliability in decision-making. These problems severely restrict the safety and effectiveness stability of wireless digital electronic detonators in complex blasting scenarios. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an intelligent detonation control method for wireless digital electronic detonators to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an intelligent initiation control method for wireless digital electronic detonators, aiming to solve problems such as insufficient command security, poor environmental adaptability, incomplete equipment verification, and low timing accuracy in existing wireless digital electronic detonator initiation control. Through the process design of encryption verification, environmental perception, dual verification, multi-source collaborative decision-making, and precise initiation, the invention achieves safe, accurate, and controllable initiation of electronic detonators, thereby improving the safety, efficiency, and stability of blasting operations.

[0004] This invention provides an intelligent detonation control method for a wireless digital electronic detonator, comprising the following steps: S1. Receive the encrypted detonation command signal sent by the remote control center through the wireless receiving module; S2. The encrypted detonation command signal is verified and decoded sequentially to extract the valid detonation command and associated parameters. S3. Start the local environment detection module to collect and obtain real-time environmental safety parameters; S4. Perform dual verification of the electronic detonator's identification code and its own working status; S5. Based on the decoded detonation parameters, real-time environmental safety parameters, and the working status of the detonator after verification, the final detonation control parameters are calculated through the detonation decision algorithm. S6. Output the final detonation control parameters to the detonation module, which then performs the ignition operation.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This invention constructs a triple safety barrier of command verification, environmental detection, and dual equipment verification. Command transmission adopts a multi-step encryption and verification mechanism, environmental parameter collection and anomaly elimination ensure the safety of the detonation environment, dual verification of detonator identity and status avoids accidental detonation, and safety decision-making based on comprehensive reliability factors eliminates detonation operations under unsafe conditions from the source.

[0006] 2. This invention corrects communication deviations through network latency compensation, adapts spatial distribution differences through distance attenuation compensation, optimizes energy superposition effects through sequence fine-tuning, and calculates a unique and accurate detonation timestamp for each group of detonators, thereby achieving precise timing coordination of multiple detonators and improving the uniformity and controllability of the blasting effect.

[0007] 3. This invention constructs a multi-dimensional comprehensive reliability factor by collecting environmental parameters such as vibration and electromagnetic interference in real time and combining them with the equipment's own working status data. The weighting coefficients can be dynamically adjusted according to the geological and electromagnetic environment, so that the decision-making logic can be adapted to different blasting scenarios and reduce the impact of environmental interference and equipment failure on detonation.

[0008] 4. This invention adopts a remote wireless control mode, eliminating the need for complex wiring and improving operational efficiency; the entire detonation process data (command reception, parameter detection, decision results, ignition status) can be transmitted back to the control center in real time, enabling traceability of the detonation process and early warning of anomalies, facilitating timely troubleshooting by management personnel and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof; in the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an intelligent detonation control method for a wireless digital electronic detonator provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention. Example 1:

[0012] This invention provides an intelligent initiation control method for a wireless digital electronic detonator. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 This includes the following steps: S1. Receive the encrypted detonation command signal sent by the remote control center through the wireless receiving module; S2. Verify and decode the encrypted detonation command signal sequentially to extract the valid detonation command and related parameters; S3. Start the local environment detection module to collect and obtain real-time environmental safety parameters; S4. Perform dual verification of the electronic detonator's identification code and its own working status; S5. Based on the decoded detonation parameters, real-time environmental safety parameters, and the working status of the detonator after verification, the final detonation control parameters are calculated through the detonation decision algorithm. S6. Output the final detonation control parameters to the detonation module, which then performs the ignition operation.

[0013] Specifically, in this embodiment, step S1 establishes communication with the remote control center through a wireless receiving module (such as LoRa or a 4G industrial IoT module). The received encrypted detonation command signal is an encrypted data packet containing core detonation-related commands and parameters, ensuring the security of command transmission. Step S2 performs two steps of verification and decoding on the encrypted command: first verifying the legality and integrity of the command, and then decoding to extract valid information, preventing invalid or tampered commands from entering subsequent processes. Step S3 collects real-time environmental data through a local environment detection module (integrating vibration sensors, electromagnetic field sensors, and temperature and humidity sensors) to provide environmental basis for determining detonation safety. Step S4 verifies the legality of the detonator's identity through an identification code. The working status verification confirms that the detonator itself can work normally, and the double verification avoids accidental detonation. Step S5 is the core decision-making link. Based on the three types of data obtained in the previous steps (decoded detonation parameters, real-time environmental safety parameters, and verified detonator working status), the final detonation control parameters (including detonation authorization flag and precise detonation timestamp) are calculated by the detonation decision algorithm to achieve collaborative decision-making among environmental, equipment, and command data. Step S6 outputs the control parameters obtained from the decision to the detonation module, completes the ignition operation, and feeds back the execution result to ensure that the detonation process is traceable and controllable. This embodiment achieves safe and accurate detonation control of wireless digital electronic detonators through step-by-step execution, layer-by-layer verification, and intelligent decision-making, taking into account both safety and reliability.

[0014] In one embodiment, the verification and decoding process of the encrypted detonation command signal in step S2 includes the following steps: S21. Use a pre-shared key or an asymmetric key to verify the legitimacy of the digital signature carried in the received signal; S22. If the digital signature verification passes, the original instruction data packet is restored using the decryption algorithm corresponding to the encryption method. S23. Perform format verification, serial number verification, and CRC check code verification on the restored instruction data packet. After confirming that the instruction is complete and legal, extract the detonation command and related parameters.

[0015] Specifically, in step S21, the pre-shared key or asymmetric key is a preset encryption key of the detonation system (the pre-shared key is pre-synchronized and stored by the remote control center and the electronic detonator; the asymmetric key uses the RSA algorithm; the remote control center holds the private key, and the electronic detonator holds the public key). The digital signature is a unique verification message generated by the remote control center after encrypting the detonation command data packet. Verifying the digital signature with the key confirms that the command originated from a legitimate remote control center and has not been tampered with. In step S22, the encryption method and decryption algorithm correspond one-to-one (e.g., the pre-shared key corresponds to the AES-256 decryption algorithm, and the asymmetric key corresponds to the RSA decryption algorithm). Only when the digital signature in step S21 is verified... Only after verification is successful will the decryption operation be performed to restore the original instruction data packet, avoiding resource waste caused by decrypting invalid data. In step S23, format verification is used to confirm that the structure of the instruction data packet conforms to the system's preset specifications (such as data frame length and field arrangement order), sequence number verification is used to confirm that the instruction is the latest valid instruction (avoiding the repeated execution of historical instructions), and CRC check code verification is used to confirm that no data loss or error occurred during the transmission of the instruction. Only after all three types of verification are successful can the detonation command (such as "ignition start" and "cancel detonation") and supporting parameters (such as reference detonation time and detonation range) be extracted from the original instruction data packet to ensure that the instruction information used in subsequent steps is accurate.

[0016] In one embodiment, in step S3, the real-time environmental safety parameters specifically include the vibration amplitude of the detonator perimeter and the intensity of the environmental electromagnetic field. The workflow of the environmental monitoring module includes: continuously sampling each environmental safety parameter within a preset time window, removing outliers from the sampled data, calculating the average value of each parameter, and inputting the average value as a valid environmental safety parameter into subsequent steps.

[0017] Specifically, the four types of real-time environmental safety parameters are all directly related to the detonation safety of electronic detonators. Vibration amplitude reflects whether there is external interference in the detonation area (such as illegal impact or construction vibration), and environmental electromagnetic field strength reflects whether there is electromagnetic interference (such as interference from high-voltage lines or wireless equipment). The workflow of the environmental detection module is as follows: The preset time window is the sampling duration pre-set by the system (e.g., 50ms~100ms, which can be adjusted according to the blasting scenario). Within this time window, the four types of environmental safety parameters are continuously sampled (sampling frequency is 100Hz~500Hz). Outlier removal adopts the Grubbs criterion (removing sampled data that deviates from the mean by more than 3 standard deviations) to avoid extreme outlier data from affecting subsequent decisions. The average value is calculated by taking the arithmetic mean of the valid sampled data after removing outliers. This average value can objectively reflect the true environmental state within the preset time window and is used as a valid environmental safety parameter input to step S5 to provide environmental data input for the detonation decision algorithm.

[0018] In one implementation, the verification process of the electronic detonator identification code and working status in step S4 includes: S41. Read the unique ID code stored locally in the electronic detonator and match it with the target ID list carried in the detonation command extracted in step S2; S42. Detect the internal capacitor voltage, communication circuit working status and physical connection status of the electronic detonator, and generate a status code based on the detection results; S43. Proceed to step S5 only when the unique ID code is successfully matched and the status code indicates that the electronic detonator is in a ready state.

[0019] Specifically, in step S41, the unique ID code is a unique identifier (globally unique, 32 bits long) written into the local storage module (such as EEPROM) when the electronic detonator leaves the factory. The target ID list is a set of unique IDs of all electronic detonators that need to perform this detonation operation, carried by the remote control center in the detonation command. By comparing the local unique ID code with the target ID list one by one, it can be confirmed whether the current electronic detonator is the target device for this detonation, avoiding accidental detonation of non-target detonators. In step S42, the internal capacitor voltage is detected by a voltage sensor (the capacitor provides energy for detonator ignition, and the detection range is 3.0V~5.0V), and the communication circuit is in operation. The signal strength and data transmission rate of the wireless receiving module are checked to confirm the status (e.g., a signal strength ≥ -80dBm is considered normal). The physical connection status is confirmed by checking the continuity of the ignition circuit (a conductive ignition circuit is considered normal). The status code is a binary code generated based on the results of the three types of checks (e.g., "111" indicates that all three types of checks are normal, i.e., ready; "110" indicates that the physical connection is abnormal, i.e., not ready). Step S43 clarifies the pass conditions for dual verification. Only when the identity is successfully matched (ensuring the accuracy of the detonation target) and the status code indicates that it is ready (ensuring that the detonator itself can work normally) will the subsequent detonation decision calculation steps be entered, further improving the detonation safety.

[0020] In one implementation, in step S5, the detonation decision algorithm is used to calculate the final detonation control parameters, which include the detonation authorization flag and the precise detonation timestamp. The execution process of the detonation decision algorithm includes the following steps: S51. Based on the acquired real-time environmental safety parameters and electronic detonator operating status parameters, construct a comprehensive reliability factor; S52. Combining the baseline detonation time in the detonation command extracted in step S2 with the calculated network delay compensation amount, the precise detonation timestamp is calculated using the collaborative detonation optimization model. S53. Compare the constructed comprehensive reliability factor with the preset safety threshold, and generate an initiation authorization mark based on the comparison result.

[0021] Specifically, the detonation decision algorithm is a multi-source collaborative decision-making algorithm that integrates environmental data, equipment data, and command data. The final output detonation control parameters include two types of core information: detonation authorization flag (used to determine whether detonation is allowed) and precise detonation timestamp (used to control the specific time of detonation). The execution process is divided into three steps. Step S51 integrates real-time environmental safety parameters (vibration amplitude, electromagnetic field strength, etc. collected in step S3) and electronic detonator working status parameters (capacitor voltage, communication status, etc. detected in step S4) to construct a comprehensive reliability factor. This factor is used to quantitatively evaluate the overall level of environmental safety and equipment reliability. Step S52 combines the baseline detonation time issued by the remote control center (the instruction parameters extracted in step S2) and the network latency compensation (used to correct time deviations during wireless communication) to calculate the precise detonation timestamp of each detonator through a collaborative detonation optimization model, ensuring the timing accuracy of multi-detonator collaborative detonation. Step S53 generates a detonation authorization flag by comparing the comprehensive reliability factor with the preset safety threshold, clarifying whether detonation is allowed, and realizing a safety-first decision-making logic. The entire detonation decision algorithm ensures that the final output detonation control parameters meet both safety requirements and precise control requirements through step-by-step calculation and multi-parameter fusion.

[0022] In one implementation, the reliability factor is integrated in step S51. The calculation formula is: in: The amplitude of the vibration around the detonator was collected. This is a preset vibration reference threshold; To collect the ambient electromagnetic field intensity, This is a preset electromagnetic field reference threshold; The score is the internal state rating of the electronic detonator after normalization, with a value range of 0 to 1. This is the actual voltage of the internal capacitor of the electronic detonator. This is the rated voltage of the capacitor; These are weighting coefficients, and they satisfy... Its value is determined based on the geological and electromagnetic environment of the deployment of electronic detonators.

[0023] Specifically, comprehensive reliability factor The core principle is the weighted fusion of multi-dimensional parameters, which quantifies environmental safety indicators (vibration amplitude). Electromagnetic field strength ) and equipment reliability indicators (internal condition score) capacitor voltage The final output is a comprehensive score between 0 and 1. The closer the value is to 1, the safer the environment, the more reliable the equipment, and the more the detonation conditions are met. The formula is divided into two parts, the first part... Part Two: Basic Reliability Rating for Environment and Equipment The energy reliability correction coefficient is used to calculate the final comprehensive reliability factor by multiplying the two factors. This factor takes into account both the basic conditions of the environment and the equipment, as well as the sufficiency of the equipment's ignition energy, ensuring a comprehensive and accurate score. Among them, the vibration amplitude of the detonator perimeter The effective vibration amplitude data, measured in m / s, is obtained from the environmental detection module in step S3 within a preset time window, after outlier removal and average value calculation. 2 This reflects the degree of external vibration interference in the detonation area; the preset vibration reference threshold. The values ​​are derived from system preset parameters and determined based on blasting safety standards and the vibration resistance of electronic detonators (e.g., preset to 0.5 m / s). 2 ),when ≤ This indicates that the vibration interference is within the allowable range and has little impact on the safety of detonation; Ambient electromagnetic field strength The effective electromagnetic field strength data, measured in dB, is collected by the environmental detection module within a preset time window in step S3, after outlier removal and average value calculation. It reflects the electromagnetic interference level in the detonation area. A preset electromagnetic field reference threshold is also included. Derived from system preset parameters, determined according to the electromagnetic compatibility standards of electronic detonators (e.g., preset to 40dB), when ≤ This indicates that the electromagnetic interference is within the allowable range and will not affect the detonator's circuit operation or command reception. Normalized internal condition score of electronic detonator The score is derived from the normalized results of the detection results (internal capacitor voltage, communication circuit status, and physical connection status) based on step S42, with a value range of 0 to 1. The specific calculation method is as follows: Each of the three detection indicators is scored separately (each indicator has a maximum score of 1 point; for example, a capacitor voltage within the range of 3.6V to 4.2V receives 1 point, below 3.6V or above 4.2V receives 0 points; a normal communication circuit status receives 1 point, an abnormal status receives 0 points; a normal physical connection status receives 1 point, an abnormal status receives 0 points). The average score of the three indicators is then calculated and normalized using the formula (…). = (Actual average score - 0) / (1 - 0)) is converted into a score of 0~1, which directly reflects the reliability of the electronic detonator's working status; Actual voltage of the internal capacitor of an electronic detonator The voltage data, measured in volts (V), is derived from the real-time voltage of the internal capacitor of the electronic detonator detected by the voltage sensor in step S42, reflecting the actual energy storage state of the capacitor; the rated voltage of the internal capacitor of the electronic detonator. Derived from the factory parameters of the electronic detonator (such as the preset 3.6V), it is the standard operating voltage when the capacitor is designed, reflecting the rated energy storage capacity of the capacitor; Weighting coefficients The parameters are derived from the preset geological and electromagnetic environment of the deployment based on electronic detonators, and meet the requirements. This is used to adjust the weights of different environmental indicators; for example, in scenarios with complex geological conditions and significant vibration interference (such as mine blasting), preset weights can be used. =0.4、 =0.3、 =0.3, increasing the weight of vibration amplitude; in scenarios with significant electromagnetic interference (such as blasting near high-voltage lines), a preset value can be used. =0.3、 =0.4、 =0.3, increasing the weight of electromagnetic field strength; in scenarios with favorable geological and electromagnetic environments, this can be preset. =0.3、 =0.3、 =0.4, which increases the weight of the internal status score of the equipment, ensures that the weighting coefficient is set in accordance with the actual application scenario, and improves the accuracy of the calculation of the comprehensive reliability factor.

[0024] In one implementation, the cooperative initiation optimization model in step S52 is used for a set of common Each electronic detonator calculates its corresponding precise detonation timestamp. The collaborative detonation optimization model is as follows: in: The reference detonation time is the detonation command extracted in step S2; For the first The network delay compensation for each electronic detonator is calculated by the detonator based on the deviation between the signal reception time and the reference time. For the first The planned distance between each electronic detonator and the detonation point. This is a preset distance ratio constant; The attenuation coefficient is related to the wave velocity of the blasting medium. These are fine-tuning parameters used to adjust the waveform shape of the detonation sequence and prevent premature accumulation of blast energy. For the electronic detonator in The serial number within each electronic detonator group.

[0025] Specifically, the core principle of the collaborative detonation optimization model is multi-factor timing compensation and optimization. For a group of N electronic detonators, based on the baseline detonation time issued by the remote control center, it introduces network delay compensation (correcting communication time deviation) and distance attenuation compensation (…). Correcting the propagation deviation of blasting energy from detonators at different distances), sequence fine-tuning ( (Optimizing the detonation sequence waveform) and finally calculating a unique and accurate detonation timestamp for each detonator. This ensures that multiple detonators detonate according to the preset timing sequence, avoids premature accumulation of explosive energy leading to poor explosive effects, and corrects various deviation factors to improve the accuracy of the detonation timing. Among them, the precise detonation timestamp of the i-th electronic detonator is the output parameter of the model, in seconds, which is the precise moment when the i-th electronic detonator finally performs the ignition operation; Reference initiation time The detonation command parameters extracted from step S23 are the reference detonation time of this group of electronic detonators preset by the remote control center (e.g., "2025-12-12 10:00:00.000"), which is the basis for calculating the precise detonation timestamp. Network delay compensation for the i-th electronic detonator The time reference is calculated by the i-th electronic detonator based on the deviation between the time it receives the detonation command and the reference time. The unit is seconds. It is used to correct the time deviation caused by signal transmission distance and network congestion during wireless communication, and to ensure that the time reference of each detonator is consistent. Total number of electronic detonators The parameters are derived from the detonation command issued by the remote control center, i.e., the total number of electronic detonators that need to be detonated in this operation (e.g., ...). =100); the sequence number of the i-th electronic detonator within the group The serial number of this group of electronic detonators is preset by the remote control center, and the value ranges from 1 to N (e.g., ...). =1, 2, ..., 100), used to distinguish different electronic detonators; The planned distance of the i-th electronic detonator relative to the detonation point Derived from the detonation command parameters issued by the remote control center, it represents the pre-planned straight-line distance between the i-th electronic detonator and the blast center (explosion point), in meters, reflecting the spatial position of the detonator in the blast area; a preset distance proportionality constant. Derived from system preset parameters, determined based on the scale of the blasting scenario (e.g., preset to 10m), used for... Normalization is performed to avoid calculation errors caused by excessively large distance values; Attenuation coefficient related to the blasting medium wave velocity The parameters are derived from preset parameters based on the type of blasting medium (e.g., when the blasting medium is rock). =500; When the blasting medium is soil =300), the unit is m / s, and it is positively correlated with the wave velocity of the blasting medium (the faster the wave velocity of the medium, the higher the wave velocity). The larger the value, the more it is used to adjust the magnitude of the distance attenuation compensation, ensuring accurate correction of blast energy propagation deviation under different media scenarios; fine-tuning parameters. Derived from system preset parameters, determined according to the required blasting effect (e.g., preset to 0.001s), in seconds, and expressed through a sine function. Periodic fine-tuning values ​​are generated to adjust the waveform of the detonation sequence, so that the detonation time of multiple detonators presents a smooth periodic distribution, avoiding premature energy superposition caused by the simultaneous detonation of multiple detonators, and improving the uniformity of the blasting effect.

[0026] In one implementation, network latency compensation amount The calculation method is as follows: The S521 detonation command data packet carries a precise reference time issued by the remote control center. ; S522, No. When an electronic detonator receives a detonation command, it records its local clock time. ; S523. After pre-synchronizing the local clock time with clock offset correction, calculate according to the following formula. : in, The signal processing delay is known.

[0027] Specifically, in step S521, the precise reference time... The real-time clock time (e.g., "2025-12-12 09:59:59.000") when the remote control center sends the detonation command data packet is generated by the high-precision clock module (e.g., GPS synchronized clock) of the remote control center and directly carried in the detonation command data packet as a time reference; in step S522, the local clock time This is the real-time time, in seconds, recorded by the i-th electronic detonator's local clock module (such as a real-time clock RTC) when it receives the detonation command data packet. Since the electronic detonator's local clock may have a slight offset (not synchronized with the remote control center's clock), step S523 first... Pre-synchronization clock offset correction is performed (the correction value is a system-preset clock offset, which is pre-calibrated by the electronic detonator and the remote control center during the networking phase) to ensure that the local clock time is synchronized with the remote control center's clock time; known fixed signal processing delay. This is the fixed time (e.g., preset to 0.002s) for the electronic detonator to demodulate and parse the command after receiving it. This parameter is a factory preset parameter of the electronic detonator, determined by the circuit design, and is a known constant; ultimately, it is determined by the formula... The network latency compensation amount is calculated, where " "This represents the total delay for instruction transmission, including signal propagation delay in the air and network forwarding delay, minus the fixed signal processing delay." Then, the network transmission delay that needs to be compensated is to ensure that the time base of each electronic detonator is consistent with that of the remote control center, so as to provide an accurate time basis for the subsequent calculation of the precise detonation timestamp.

[0028] In one implementation, the rule for generating the detonation authorization flag in step S53 is as follows: If the comprehensive reliability factor ≥Preset safety threshold If so, the detonation authorization flag is generated as "TRUE", allowing the final detonation control parameters to be output to step S6; If the comprehensive reliability factor Preset security threshold If the error occurs, a detonation authorization flag of "FALSE" is generated, immediately triggering the local alarm mechanism and transmitting the error status back to the remote control center via the wireless transmission module.

[0029] Specifically, comprehensive reliability factor The comprehensive score between 0 and 1 calculated in the above embodiments reflects the overall level of environmental safety and equipment reliability; a preset safety threshold is also included. The system's preset safety threshold value (e.g., 0.8) is determined based on blasting safety standards and the safety performance of electronic detonators, and is the core benchmark for judging whether the detonation safety conditions are met; the specific rule for generating the rule is: when ≥ When the environment is safe and the equipment is reliable, meeting the detonation conditions, a detonation authorization flag "TRUE" (indicating detonation is permitted) is generated. At this point, the final detonation control parameters (precise detonation timestamp and "TRUE" authorization flag) can be output to step S6 to execute the subsequent ignition operation; when < If the environment is found to have safety hazards (such as excessive vibration or strong electromagnetic interference) or the equipment is in an abnormal state (such as insufficient capacitor voltage or communication failure), and the detonation conditions are not met, a detonation authorization flag "FALSE" (indicating that detonation is prohibited) is generated. Simultaneously, a local alarm mechanism is immediately triggered (e.g., an alarm signal is emitted via the detonator's built-in buzzer or indicator light), and the error status (including...) is transmitted via a wireless transmission module (the same module as the wireless receiving module in step S1, supporting bidirectional communication). Specific values, leading to (Abnormally low parameters) are transmitted back to the remote control center, which facilitates timely troubleshooting by management personnel, ensures the safety of detonation operations, and avoids accidental detonation under unsafe conditions.

[0030] In one embodiment, step S6, which involves outputting the final detonation control parameters to the detonation module to perform the ignition operation, includes the following steps: S61. Write the final detonation control parameters into the output register of the internal controller of the electronic detonator in the format of an encrypted data frame. S62. The internal controller monitors the time in real time. When the precise detonation time stamp is reached, if the detonation authorization flag is "TRUE", a high-energy pulse is released to the ignition switch circuit to trigger ignition. S63. After the ignition operation is completed, immediately disconnect the main power supply of the electronic detonator and simultaneously send ignition success confirmation information or ignition failure status information to the remote control center via the wireless transmission module. Specifically, in step S61, the final detonation control parameters are the precise detonation timestamp and detonation authorization flag calculated in step S5. The encryption method of the encrypted data frame is consistent with the encryption method of the instruction in step S2 (such as AES-256 encryption). The output register of the internal controller of the electronic detonator (such as an MCU microcontroller) is a register specifically used to store the detonation control parameters (address preset, readable and writable only by the controller). Writing the encrypted control parameters into this register ensures the security of parameter storage and prevents tampering. In step S62, the internal controller monitors the current time in real time through its own clock module and compares it with the precise detonation timestamp stored in the output register in real time. When the current time reaches the precise detonation timestamp, the detonation authorization flag in the output register is read. If the flag is "TRUE", the controller outputs a control signal to the ignition switch circuit (such as a MOSFET switch circuit) to release a high-energy pulse (pulse voltage of 12V~24V, pulse duration of 10ms~20ms, sufficient to trigger). The ignition head of the detonator is activated to complete the ignition operation. If the authorization flag is "FALSE", a high-energy pulse is not released, and ignition is prohibited. In step S63, after the ignition operation is completed (whether successful or not), the main power supply of the electronic detonator is immediately cut off (to avoid circuit failure or safety hazards caused by continuous power supply). At the same time, the execution result is sent to the remote control center through the wireless feedback module (the same module as the wireless receiving module in step S1, supporting bidirectional communication): If ignition is successful (the ignition circuit detects current conduction and continues for a preset time), an "ignition successful" confirmation message is sent (including the detonator's unique ID and precise detonation timestamp); if ignition fails (the ignition circuit does not detect current conduction, or the authorization flag is "FALSE" and ignition is not performed), an "ignition failed" status message is sent (including the detonator's unique ID and the reason for failure, such as "authorization flag is FALSE" or "ignition circuit open"). This enables full-process traceability of the ignition operation, facilitating management personnel to grasp the detonation effect and handle abnormal situations in a timely manner.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent initiation control of a wireless digital electronic detonator, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, receiving an encrypted detonation instruction signal sent by a remote control center through a wireless receiving module; S2, sequentially verifying and decoding the encrypted detonation instruction signal, extracting a valid detonation command and supporting parameters; S3, starting a local environment detection module, collecting and obtaining real-time environment safety parameters; S4, double verifying the electronic detonator's identity code and its own working state; S5, based on the decoded detonation parameters, real-time environment safety parameters and the working state of the detonator passing the verification, calculating the final detonation control parameters through a detonation decision algorithm; S6, outputting the final detonation control parameters to a detonation module to execute the ignition operation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The verification and decoding process of the encrypted detonation instruction signal in step S2 comprises the following steps: S21, using a pre-shared key or an asymmetric key to verify the legality of the digital signature carried by the received signal; S22, if the digital signature verification is passed, using a decryption algorithm corresponding to the encryption mode to restore the original instruction data packet; S23, after the restored instruction data packet is verified in format, serial number and CRC check code, confirming that the instruction is complete and legal, extracting the detonation command and supporting parameters.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, the real-time environment safety parameters specifically include the vibration amplitude of the detonator perimeter and the environmental electromagnetic field intensity; The working process of the environment detection module comprises: continuously sampling each environment safety parameter within a preset time window, removing the outliers in the sampling data, calculating the average value of each parameter, and inputting the average value as the effective environment safety parameter to the subsequent step.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The verification process of the electronic detonator's identity code and working state in step S4 comprises: S41, reading the unique ID code stored in the electronic detonator, and matching it with the target ID list carried in the detonation instruction extracted in step S2; S42, detecting the internal capacitor voltage, communication circuit working state and physical connection state of the electronic detonator, and generating a state code according to the detection result; S43, only when the unique ID code is matched successfully and the state code indicates that the electronic detonator is in a ready state, step S5 is entered.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S5, the detonation decision algorithm is used to calculate the final detonation control parameters, which include a detonation authorization flag and an accurate detonation timestamp; The execution process of the detonation decision algorithm comprises the following steps: S51, based on the obtained real-time environment safety parameters and electronic detonator working state parameters, constructing a comprehensive reliability factor; S52, combining the reference detonation time in the detonation instruction extracted in step S2 and the calculated network delay compensation amount, calculating the accurate detonation timestamp through a cooperative detonation optimization model; S53, comparing the constructed comprehensive reliability factor with a preset safety threshold, and generating a detonation authorization flag according to the comparison result.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The calculation formula of the comprehensive reliability factor in step S51 is as follows: ； wherein: is the collected perimeter vibration amplitude of the detonator, is a preset vibration reference threshold value; is the collected environmental electromagnetic field intensity, is a preset electromagnetic field reference threshold value; is the normalized internal state score of the electronic detonator, with a value range of 0~1; is the actual voltage of the internal capacitor of the electronic detonator, is the rated voltage of the capacitor; is a weighting coefficient, and satisfies The value is determined based on the deployment geological environment and electromagnetic environment of the electronic detonator.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein, The synergic initiation optimization model in step S52 is used to calculate the corresponding accurate initiation time stamp for each electronic detonator in the group The synergic initiation optimization model is:​ ； in: The reference detonation time is the detonation command extracted in step S2; For the first The network delay compensation for each electronic detonator is calculated by the detonator based on the deviation between the signal reception time and the reference time. For the first The planned distance between each electronic detonator and the detonation point. This is a preset distance ratio constant; The attenuation coefficient is related to the wave velocity of the blasting medium. These are fine-tuning parameters used to adjust the waveform shape of the detonation sequence and prevent premature accumulation of blast energy. For the electronic detonator in The serial number within each electronic detonator group.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The network delay compensation amount The calculation method is: S521, the initiation instruction data packet carries the accurate reference time issued by the remote control center ; S522、the first electronic detonator receives the detonation instruction, record its local clock time ; S523、After the clock offset correction for pre-synchronizing the local clock time, the following formula is used to calculate : ； wherein, is a known fixed signal processing delay.

9. The method of claim 5, wherein, The generation rule of the detonation authorization flag in step S53 is: if the integrated reliability factor ≥ a preset safety threshold a detonation authorization flag is generated as "TRUE", allowing the final detonation control parameter to be output to step S6; If the comprehensive reliability factor <the preset safety threshold The detonation authorization flag is generated as "FALSE", the local alarm mechanism is triggered immediately, and the error state is returned to the remote control center through the wireless transmission module.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S6, the process of outputting the final detonation control parameters to the detonation module to execute the ignition operation comprises the following steps: S61, write the final initiation control parameters in the format of encrypted data frame to the output register of the internal controller of the electronic detonator; S62, the internal controller monitors the time in real time, and when the precise initiation time stamp is reached, if the initiation authorization flag is "TRUE", a high-energy pulse is released to the ignition switch circuit to trigger ignition; S63, after the completion of the ignition operation, the main power supply of the electronic detonator is immediately cut off, and ignition success confirmation information or ignition failure state information is sent to the remote control center through the wireless backhaul module.

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