Device and method for detecting angular deviation of engine shaft

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a device and a method for detecting angular deviation of an engine shaft. The device comprises a front-end measuring part and a portable terminal, the engine is connected with the input end of the main speed reducer through an engine connecting shaft, and the end of the engine connecting shaft is flexibly connected with the input end of the main speed reducer through a diaphragm coupling. The engine connecting shaft is connected with the diaphragm coupling through bolts arranged on the periphery. The front-end measuring part is wrapped and installed on the engine connecting shaft through an annular installation structure and located at the end, close to the input end of the main speed reducer, of the engine connecting shaft, and a laser distance measuring sensor is arranged on one side of the front-end measuring part and used for emitting laser beams to the end face of a connecting bolt of the diaphragm coupling. The portable terminal is in wireless connection with the laser distance measuring sensor of the front-end measuring part and is used for calculating the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling in the process that the engine connecting shaft rotates by one circle according to measuring data transmitted by the laser distance measuring sensor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of aircraft assembly, and in particular to a device and method for detecting the angular deviation of an engine shaft. BACKGROUND

[0002] The engine shaft of a helicopter connects the engine output end and the main reducer input end, and is used for transmitting engine power and rotating speed to the main reducer. The engine shaft has a structure in which the rear end is inserted into the inside of the engine output shaft, and is connected with the engine through splines; the front end is connected with the main reducer input end coupling through bolts. The rear end of the engine shaft sleeve is connected with the front mounting section of the engine through bolts, and the front end is connected with the main reducer input end sleeve through bolts.

[0003] The angular deviation of the engine shaft of a helicopter directly affects the reliability of the power transmission of the helicopter. If the angular deviation is too large and the torsional moment exceeds the specified value, the flexible coupling may be damaged, the input stage of the main reducer may vibrate beyond the limit or the shaft body may be broken, so that the helicopter loses balance and the safety of the aircraft is seriously affected.

[0004] The traditional calibration method for the angular deviation of the engine shaft is as follows: before the engine is installed, the peelable gasket on the engine support is adjusted, and the position of the engine mounting support is adjusted to be centered within a certain range. The engine connecting shaft and the engine are assembled on the ground as a whole structure, and the engine and the engine connecting shaft assembled on the ground are hoisted to the engine mounting support. In the above calibration process, the position of the engine shaft is adjusted indirectly, and it is only assumed that the angular deviation after the engine is installed is qualified, and the influence of the angular deviation of the engine shaft after the engine is installed cannot be actually measured. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above technical problems. The embodiments of the present application provide a device and method for detecting the angular deviation of an engine shaft, so as to solve the traditional processing method for the angular deviation of the engine shaft, which can only be installed through calibration. In this installation method, it is assumed that the angular deviation after the engine is installed is qualified, and the influence of the angular deviation of the engine shaft after the engine is installed cannot be actually measured.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application: the embodiments of the present application provide a device for detecting the angular deviation of an engine shaft, comprising: a front end measuring component 1 and a portable terminal; Wherein, the engine is connected with the main reducer input end 3 through an engine connecting shaft 2, and the end of the engine connecting shaft 2 is connected with the main reducer input end 3 through a diaphragm coupling 3a; the engine connecting shaft 2 and the diaphragm coupling 3a are connected through the bolts arranged on the circumference; The front-end measuring component 1 is mounted on the engine connecting shaft 2 by its annular mounting structure and is located at one end of the engine connecting shaft 2 near the input end 3 of the main reducer. A laser range sensor 4 is provided on one side of the front-end measuring component 1 to emit a laser beam to the end face of the connecting bolt of the diaphragm coupling 3a. The portable terminal is wirelessly connected to the laser rangefinder 4 of the front-end measuring component 1, and is used to calculate the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a during one rotation of the engine connecting shaft 2 based on the measurement data transmitted by the laser rangefinder 4.

[0007] Optionally, in the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation described above, if the projection radius of the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder 4 in the front-end measuring component 1 onto the diaphragm coupling 3a is R, then the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 is: α = arctan(X / 2R); Wherein, X is the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a under the action of the engine connecting shaft 2; when the diaphragm coupling 3a is fully in contact with the input end face of the main reducer, the elastic deformation is 0.

[0008] Optionally, in the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation as described above, A bushing is fitted on the engine connecting shaft 2, and an observation window is provided on the engine connecting shaft 2. The observation window is located on the side of the engine connecting shaft 2 near the input end 3 of the main reducer, and is used to install the front measuring component 1 on the engine connecting shaft 2 through the observation window.

[0009] Optionally, in the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation as described above, the front-end measuring component 1 includes: multiple support structures, a laser rangefinder 4, a wireless transmission module, and a lithium battery module. Among them, multiple support structures are connected by a ring-shaped mounting structure. The inner wall of the ring-shaped mounting structure is a cylindrical surface, which is used to wrap and clamp onto the engine connecting shaft 2. The outer wall of the ring-shaped mounting structure has at least three prism surfaces, on which a laser range sensor 4, a wireless transmission module and a lithium battery module are respectively installed. The battery module is used to power the laser rangefinder 4 and the wireless transmission module. The laser rangefinder 4 is used to measure the axial displacement of a bolt installed around the circumference of the diaphragm coupling 3a during one rotation of the engine connecting shaft 2. The wireless transmission module is used to wirelessly transmit the digital signal of axial displacement measurement measured by the laser rangefinder 4 to the portable terminal.

[0010] Optionally, in the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation as described above, the annular mounting structure of the front measuring component 1 consists of three sections: support structure I, support structure II, and support structure III. The connection between the two support structures is made by a rotating shaft, allowing them to rotate relative to each other, so as to wrap around the engine connecting shaft 2 within the narrow gap of the bushing; the docking interface between support structure I and support structure III is fixedly connected by fastening bolts. The front-end measuring component 1 is installed using the step on the engine connecting shaft 2 as the positioning reference; the laser ranging sensor 4 is fixedly installed on the middle outer end face of the support structure I; the wireless transmission module is fixedly installed on one side of the outer end face of the support structure I by bolts; a battery compartment structure is designed on the other side of the outer end face of the support structure I; and the battery module is installed and fixed inside the battery compartment.

[0011] Optionally, in the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation described above, the method for measuring the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a via the front-end measuring component 1 is as follows: One of the bolt heads that connects the engine connecting shaft 2 and the diaphragm coupling 3a around the perimeter is used as the target measurement point. The laser range sensor 4 of the front measuring component 1 emits a laser beam. By rotating the engine connecting shaft 2, the laser beam emitted by the laser range sensor 4 projects a visible light spot on the target measurement point, and the reflected light is imaged on the photosensitive film inside the laser range sensor 4. The axial displacement of the target measurement point is measured by rotating the engine connecting shaft 2 one revolution. During the rotation of the engine connecting shaft 2, when the distance between the laser rangefinder 4 and the head of the measured bolt changes, the laser reflection angle changes accordingly, causing the imaging position on the photosensitive element inside the laser rangefinder 4 to change accordingly.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation, comprising using a detection device for engine shaft angular deviation as described in any of the preceding claims to detect engine shaft angular deviation, including: Step 1: Before installing the engine, perform the calibration of the engine output shaft, and install the engine and its connecting shaft on the fuselage structure by hoisting. Fix the diaphragm coupling 3a between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the input end 3 of the main reducer with bolts around the perimeter. Step 2: Install the front-end measuring component 1 onto the engine connecting shaft 2 through its annular mounting structure, and adjust the laser range sensor 4 to align it with the target measuring point; Step 3: Align the laser rangefinder 4 with the target measurement point to complete the measurement scene construction; Step 4: Start the portable terminal, aim the laser rangefinder 4 at the target measurement point, and slowly rotate the engine connecting shaft 2 one revolution. Then, obtain the measurement result of the angular deviation through the measurement software configured in the terminal. During the rotation of the engine connecting shaft 2 one revolution, the axial displacement of the end face of the circumferential mounting bolt between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the diaphragm coupling 3a is dynamically measured, which is the elastic deformation X of the diaphragm coupling 3a.

[0013] Optionally, in the method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation as described above, step 2 includes: The annular mounting structure of the front measuring component 1 is wrapped around the engine connecting shaft 2. By rotating the engine connecting shaft 2, the connector at the opening end of the annular mounting structure is positioned at the observation window of the bushing. The annular mounting structure is then moved to fit against the end face of the connecting shaft step, and the connector is tightened. Rotate the engine connecting shaft 2 again to align the laser head of the laser rangefinder 4 with the target measurement point on the end face of the diaphragm coupling 3a; wherein, the target measurement point is a bolt head around the circumference of the diaphragm coupling 3a.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a device and method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation. Based on the connection method between the engine connecting shaft and the input end of the main reducer, the relationship between the engine connecting shaft axis and the main reducer input axis is analyzed. The angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft is converted into a measurable value, namely, the axial deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a during one rotation of the engine connecting shaft 2. A calculation formula is then formed, resulting in a method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation. Furthermore, a device for detecting engine shaft angular deviation is provided in conjunction with product characteristics. This device can effectively measure the aforementioned measurable value. The technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: First, this invention is applicable to the angular deviation detection of the connecting shaft 2 of a helicopter engine, overcoming the problem of difficulty in measuring angular deviation caused by limited space and insufficient openness. Because the engine connecting shaft is a high-speed rotating shaft, it is often equipped with a bushing and observation window, resulting in limited usable space. Based on the principles of portability, standardization, and interchangeability, this invention fully considers factors such as ergonomics, operating environment and intensity, and maturity, and designs an angular deviation detection device, including a front-end measuring component 1 and a portable terminal. This device is compact, portable, and can effectively complete the detection work.

[0015] Secondly, the innovation of this invention in the detection method is that it does not use the traditional method of using mechanical measuring instruments to detect angular deviation. Instead, it uses the front-end measuring component 1 to perform the measurement. By converting the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 into a measurable value, namely the axial deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a during one revolution of the engine connecting shaft 2, the detection efficiency is improved while ensuring accuracy. Specifically, the calculation method of the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 provided by this invention fills the gap in the field of angular deviation detection of engine connecting shafts in the aircraft assembly process.

[0016] Third, the technical solution provided by this invention is universal and highly modular, and can be adapted to the angular deviation detection of various helicopter engine connecting shafts; that is, it provides a technical foundation and engineering experience for the development and mass production of other aircraft models.

[0017] Fourth, this invention utilizes the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a to calculate the angular deviation between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the main reducer input shaft. Employing an angular deviation detection device, it can accurately measure the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft, avoiding errors caused by manual measurement and calculation, thus improving measurement efficiency. This invention has been applied to the measurement of angular deviation of shafts in various engine models. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the detection principle of the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the front-end measuring component in the engine shaft angular deviation detection device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end measuring component in the engine shaft angular deviation detection device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the method for detecting angular deviation of an engine shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0021] As explained in the background section above, the angular deviation of the helicopter engine shaft directly affects the reliability of the helicopter's power transmission. Traditional methods for dealing with the angular deviation of the engine shaft can only be achieved through calibration. During the calibration process, the engine shaft mounting position is adjusted indirectly, which can only assume that the angular deviation after the engine is installed is acceptable. It is impossible to actually measure the impact of the engine shaft angular deviation after the engine is installed.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a device and method for detecting axial deviation of an engine. By employing the technical solution of the present invention, the reliability of the helicopter power transmission system can be improved. With its high precision, high efficiency, and intelligent features, it provides strong technical support for the helicopter manufacturing and maintenance field, and has broad application prospects and promotional value.

[0023] The present invention provides the following specific embodiments, which can be combined with each other. For the same or similar concepts or processes, they may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0024] This invention provides a device and method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation. On one hand, based on the connection method between the engine connecting shaft and the input end of the main reducer, the relationship between the engine connecting shaft axis and the main reducer input axis is analyzed. The angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft is converted into a measurable value, and a calculation formula is formed, thus obtaining the method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation. On the other hand, a portable angular deviation measuring device is provided, which can adapt to angular deviation detection in confined spaces.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the detection principle of the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft in an embodiment of the present invention. The engine connecting shaft assembly includes: an engine connecting shaft 2, a bushing, and connecting fasteners. The engine connecting shaft 2 is the connecting shaft between the engine and the main reduction gear, used to transmit the engine's power to the main reduction gear. The engine connecting shaft 2 is a high-speed rotating shaft. The angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 is a particularly important technical parameter in helicopter engines.

[0026] To meet the angular deviation requirements for the installation of engine connecting shaft 2, before engine installation, an optical target mirror mounted on the end face of the main reducer and a calibration fixture mounted on the engine mounting bracket are used to simulate the engine output axis and the main reducer input axis. At this point, the engine is not installed. The thickness of the shims in the engine mounting bracket is adjusted to regulate the axial height position of the calibration fixture, simulating the axial position of engine connecting shaft 2. After engine connecting shaft 2 and the engine are pre-assembled into an engine component, the engine component is hoisted onto the mounting bracket as a whole using a special lifting tool and connected to the input end of the main reducer via engine connecting shaft 2. After the main reducer and engine connecting shaft 2 are assembled, the angular deviation of engine connecting shaft 2 needs to be directly measured to determine the accuracy of the assembled technical parameters.

[0027] During engine component assembly, the engine connecting shaft 2 and the engine are mounted as a single unit on the ground. If this engine component is considered a rigid body, then the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft is the angular deviation between the engine component and the main reducer input shaft. Since the measurement position of the engine connecting shaft 2 and the main reducer input end is located at the bushing observation window (located near the main reducer), and the engine connecting shaft 2 is flexibly connected to the main reducer via a diaphragm coupling 3a, the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 can be calculated by measuring the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling.

[0028] Based on the above analysis, the present invention requires measuring the elastic deformation X of the diaphragm coupling 3a that achieves a flexible connection between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the input end of the main reducer.

[0029] Based on the above analysis, the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a front-end measuring component 1 and a portable terminal. For example... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the engine is connected to the input end 3 of the main reducer via the engine connecting shaft 2, and the end of the engine connecting shaft 2 is flexibly connected to the input end 3 of the main reducer via a diaphragm coupling 3a; specifically, the engine connecting shaft 2 and the diaphragm coupling 3a are connected by bolts arranged around the perimeter.

[0030] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the installation structure of the front-end measuring component in the detection device for engine shaft angular deviation provided by the present invention. The front-end measuring component 1 is mounted on the engine connecting shaft 2 through its annular mounting structure and is located at one end of the engine connecting shaft 2 near the input end 3 of the main reducer. A laser range sensor 4 is provided on one side of the front-end measuring component 1 for emitting a laser beam to the side of the diaphragm coupling 3a.

[0031] If the projection radius of the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder 4 in the front-end measuring component 1 onto the diaphragm coupling 3a is R, then the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 is: α = arctan(X / 2R), such as Figure 1 The measurement principle is shown below. When the diaphragm coupling 3a is fully in contact with the input end face of the main reducer, the axial deformation is 0. When the engine connecting shaft 2 has an angular deviation, the diaphragm coupling 3a will undergo elastic deformation during the rotation of the engine connecting shaft 2, and the amount of elastic deformation is denoted as X.

[0032] In the detection device provided by the present invention, the elastic deformation amount X of the diaphragm coupling is measured as follows: a bolt installed around the circumference of the engine connecting shaft 2 and the diaphragm coupling 3a is selected as the target measurement point. By rotating the engine connecting shaft 2 one revolution, the axial displacement of the target measurement point during the rotation process is measured, thereby obtaining the elastic deformation amount X of the diaphragm coupling.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, a bushing is fitted onto the engine connecting shaft 2, and an observation window is provided on the engine connecting shaft 2. The observation window is located on the side of the engine connecting shaft 2 near the diaphragm coupling 3a, so that the front-end measuring component 1 can be installed on the engine connecting shaft 2 through the observation window. It should be noted that, because the space between the bushing of the connecting shaft and the engine connecting shaft 2 is small, there is only one observation window for assembling the front-end measuring component 1.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end measuring component in the engine shaft angular deviation detection device provided by the present invention. The front-end measuring component 1 in this embodiment includes: multiple support structures, a laser rangefinder 4, a wireless transmission module, and a lithium battery module.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, multiple support structures ( Figure 3 The support components 1 to 3 form a ring-shaped mounting structure. The inner wall of the ring-shaped mounting structure is cylindrical, used to wrap and clamp onto the engine connecting shaft 2. The outer wall of the ring-shaped mounting structure has at least three prisms, on which the laser rangefinder 4, the wireless transmission module, and the lithium battery module are respectively mounted. The ring-shaped mounting structure is mainly used for fixing and installing the laser rangefinder 4, the wireless transmission module, and the lithium battery module; it can lock and position the front-end measuring component 1 on the engine connecting shaft 2 near the diaphragm coupling 3a, and within the observation window area of ​​the bushing.

[0036] In one implementation, Figure 3The multiple support structures shown include: support structure I, support structure II, and support structure III; after the three support structures are connected at their ends to wrap and clamp the engine connecting shaft 2, the connecting ends of support structure I and support structure III are connected by fastening bolts, and each support component is made of engineering plastic nylon to avoid damage to the engine connecting shaft during installation and measurement.

[0037] In one implementation, the annular mounting structure of the front-end measuring component 1 consists of three sections: support structure I, support structure II, and support structure III. The connection between two support structures is via a pivot shaft, allowing them to rotate relative to each other, facilitating wrapping installation around the engine connecting shaft 2 within a narrow gap. Fastening bolts are designed between support structure I and support structure III, which can be manually tightened. During installation, the step on the engine connecting shaft 2 serves as a positioning reference for initial positioning of the front-end measuring component 1. A laser ranging sensor 4 is fixedly mounted on the middle outer end face of support structure I. A wireless communication module is fixed to one outer end face of support structure I using four bolts. A battery compartment structure is designed on the other outer end face of support structure I, and the battery module is installed and fixed inside the battery compartment. The connecting cable between the laser ranging sensor 4, the battery module, and the wireless transmission module is fixed to the support structure I behind the sensor. When installing the front-end measuring component 1, first open the annular mounting structure, wrap it around the engine connecting shaft 2, rotate the opening to the observation window position, then move the entire assembly to the stepped end and tighten the connection. Rotate the engine connecting shaft 2 to align the bolts of the laser rangefinder sensor 4 with the target measuring point. See details. Figure 3 .

[0038] In practical implementation, for measuring the elastic deformation X of the diaphragm coupling 3a, a small-sized and high-precision laser linear displacement micro-sensor is preferred. The laser linear displacement micro-sensor enables high-precision displacement measurement, the wireless transmission module enables wireless transmission of the displacement measurement digital signal, and the battery module powers the laser ranging sensor 4 and the wireless transmission module.

[0039] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder 4 is directly mounted and fixed to the middle outer end face of the support structure I using adhesive. Measurement is achieved through the laser triangular reflection measurement principle: a visible light spot is projected onto the surface of the object being measured (i.e., the bolt head) using a laser diode. The reflected light (diffuse reflection) passes through a precision receiving lens assembly and forms an image on the photosensitive film within the laser rangefinder 4. When the distance between the laser rangefinder 4 and the bolt head changes, the laser reflection angle changes accordingly, causing a corresponding change in the image position on the photosensitive element within the laser rangefinder 4. With its tiny measuring spot, the laser rangefinder 4 can measure the bolt head from a considerable distance and is suitable for the precise measurement of small components.

[0040] Furthermore, the battery module uses a polymer lithium battery module to power the laser displacement sensor and the wireless transmission module, using four battery cells connected in series.

[0041] The detection device for engine shaft angular deviation provided by the present invention further includes: a gateway module.

[0042] The gateway module includes a ZigBee RF transceiver and an interface. It features higher receiving sensitivity, longer communication range, and is equipped with one adaptive Ethernet interface that supports transparent data transmission for receiving measurement data sent by the wireless pass-through module.

[0043] The portable terminal can be a portable touchscreen device. This portable terminal is a highly reliable, high-resolution portable terminal, and its controller uses a high-performance series processor.

[0044] The software modules configured in the portable terminal have functions such as data acquisition and processing, historical data management, and report display. The software interface is user-friendly, improves execution efficiency, and can complete displacement measurement and angle calculation.

[0045] This invention, taking full advantage of the characteristics of the connection structure between the engine and the main reducer, provides a device for detecting the angular deviation of the engine shaft. It also proposes a method for measuring the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 using this device. Specifically, it calculates the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 using the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a. The measurement is performed using a front-end measuring component 1 with a wireless transmission module in conjunction with a portable terminal. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the principle of the method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The specific implementation includes the following steps: The first step is to calibrate the engine output shaft and hoist the engine and its connecting shaft 2 before installing the engine. Tighten and check the mounting bolts to complete the pre-measurement preparations.

[0046] An optical target is installed on the end face of the diaphragm coupling 3a, and a calibration fixture is installed on the engine mounting bracket. The position of the main reducer input axis is confirmed by observing the optical target, and the thickness of the shims in the engine mounting bracket is adjusted to complete the calibration of the engine output axis.

[0047] After assembling the engine connecting shaft 2 and the engine on the ground to form an engine component, a special engine lifting tool is installed to lift the engine component to the engine mounting position on the fuselage structure; the diaphragm coupling 3a between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the input end 3 of the main reducer is fixedly installed by bolts arranged around the perimeter.

[0048] The second step is to install the front-end measuring component 1 onto the engine connecting shaft 2 through its ring mounting structure, and adjust the laser range sensor 4 to align it with the target measuring point.

[0049] The annular mounting structure of the front measuring component 1 is wrapped around the engine connecting shaft 2. By rotating the engine connecting shaft 2, the connector at the open end of the annular mounting structure is positioned at the observation window of the bushing. The annular mounting structure is moved to fit against the end face of the connecting shaft step and the connector is tightened. The engine connecting shaft 2 is rotated again so that the laser head of the laser rangefinder 4 can be aligned with the target measurement point on the end face of the diaphragm coupling 3a. The head of a bolt around the diaphragm coupling 3a is selected as the target measurement point.

[0050] The third step is to align the laser rangefinder 4 with the target measurement point to complete the measurement scene construction.

[0051] By rotating the engine connecting shaft 2, the front measuring component 1 is rotated slowly in sync, so that the laser rangefinder 4 is aligned with the end face of the selected bolt head being measured, and the annular mounting structure of the front measuring component 1 and the laser rangefinder 4 are in close contact with the stepped surface on the connecting shaft.

[0052] Fourth step: Start the portable terminal and enter the software system; aim the laser rangefinder 4 at the target measurement point, and slowly rotate the engine connecting shaft 2 one revolution to obtain the measurement result of the angular deviation.

[0053] During one revolution of the rotating engine connecting shaft 2, the axial displacement of the end face of the circumferential mounting bolts between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the diaphragm coupling 3a is dynamically measured, i.e., the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a. The angular deviation at the diaphragm coupling 3a is calculated as angle α by the software system and compared with the safety range to determine whether it is qualified.

[0054] The present invention provides a device and method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation. Based on the connection method between the engine connecting shaft and the input end of the main reducer, it analyzes the relationship between the axis of the engine connecting shaft and the input axis of the main reducer, converting the engine connecting shaft angular deviation into a measurable value, namely the axial deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a during one revolution of the engine connecting shaft 2, and formulating a calculation formula to obtain the method for detecting engine shaft angular deviation. Furthermore, a device for detecting engine shaft angular deviation is provided in conjunction with product characteristics. This device can effectively measure the aforementioned measurable value. The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, this invention is applicable to the angular deviation detection of the connecting shaft 2 of a helicopter engine, overcoming the problem of difficulty in measuring angular deviation caused by limited space and insufficient openness. Because the engine connecting shaft is a high-speed rotating shaft, it is often equipped with a bushing and observation window, resulting in limited usable space. Based on the principles of portability, standardization, and interchangeability, this invention fully considers factors such as ergonomics, operating environment and intensity, and maturity, and designs an angular deviation detection device, including a front-end measuring component 1 and a portable terminal. This device is compact, portable, and can effectively complete the detection work.

[0055] Secondly, the innovation of this invention in the detection method is that it does not use the traditional method of using mechanical measuring instruments to detect angular deviation. Instead, it uses the front-end measuring component 1 to perform the measurement. By converting the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 into a measurable value, namely the axial deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a during one revolution of the engine connecting shaft 2, the detection efficiency is improved while ensuring accuracy. Specifically, the calculation method of the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft 2 provided by this invention fills the gap in the field of angular deviation detection of engine connecting shafts in the aircraft assembly process.

[0056] Third, the technical solution provided by this invention is universal and highly modular, and can be adapted to the angular deviation detection of various helicopter engine connecting shafts; that is, it provides a technical foundation and engineering experience for the development and mass production of other aircraft models.

[0057] Fourth, this invention utilizes the elastic deformation of the diaphragm coupling 3a to calculate the angular deviation between the engine connecting shaft 2 and the main reducer input shaft. By employing an angular deviation detection device, it can accurately measure the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft, avoiding errors caused by manual measurement and calculation, thus improving measurement efficiency. This invention has been applied to the measurement of angular deviation of shafts in various engine models.

[0058] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, they are merely illustrative of the embodiments to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting an axial deviation of a shaft of an engine, characterized in that Comprise: Front end measuring component (1) and portable terminal; Wherein, the engine is connected with the main reducer input end (3) through the engine connecting shaft (2), and the end of the engine connecting shaft (2) is connected with the main reducer input end (3) through the diaphragm coupling (3a); the engine connecting shaft (2) and the diaphragm coupling (3a) are connected through the bolts arranged on the circumference; The front end measuring component (1) is wrapped and installed on the engine connecting shaft (2) through its annular mounting structure, and is located at one end of the engine connecting shaft (2) close to the main reducer input end (3), one side of the front end measuring component (1) is provided with a laser ranging sensor (4) for emitting laser beam to the connecting bolt end face of the diaphragm coupling (3a); The portable terminal is wirelessly connected with the laser ranging sensor (4) of the front end measuring component (1), and is used for calculating the elastic deformation amount of the diaphragm coupling (3a) in the process of rotating one circle of the engine connecting shaft (2) according to the measurement data transmitted by the laser ranging sensor (4).

2. The apparatus for detecting an axial deviation of an engine shaft according to claim 1, characterized by The projection radius of the laser ranging sensor (4) in the front end measuring component (1) emitting laser beam on the diaphragm coupling (3a) is R, and the angular deviation of the engine connecting shaft (2) is: Alpha=arctan (X / 2R); Wherein, X is the elastic deformation amount of the diaphragm coupling (3a) under the action of the engine connecting shaft (2); when the diaphragm coupling (3a) is completely attached to the main reducer input end face, the elastic deformation amount is 0.

3. The detection device for the angular deviation of the engine shaft according to claim 1, wherein A shaft sleeve is sleeved on the engine connecting shaft (2), and an observation window is formed on the engine connecting shaft (2), the observation window is located on the side of the engine connecting shaft (2) close to the main reducer input end (3), and the front end measuring component (1) is installed on the engine connecting shaft (2) through the observation window.

4. The apparatus for detecting an axial deviation of an engine shaft according to claim 3, characterized by The front end measuring component (1) comprises a plurality of support structures, a laser ranging sensor (4), a wireless transmission module and a lithium battery module; Wherein, the plurality of support structures are wrapped and clamped on the engine connecting shaft (2) through the annular mounting structure formed by surrounding, the inner wall surface of the annular mounting structure is a cylindrical surface, and the outer wall surface of the annular mounting structure has at least three prismatic surfaces, respectively provided with the laser ranging sensor (4), the wireless transmission module and the lithium battery module; The battery module is used for supplying power to the laser ranging sensor (4) and the wireless transmission module; The laser ranging sensor (4) is used for measuring the axial displacement of one bolt mounted on the diaphragm coupling (3a) in the process of rotating one circle of the engine connecting shaft (2); The wireless transmission module is used for wirelessly transmitting the axial displacement measurement digital signal measured by the laser ranging sensor (4) to the portable terminal.

5. The apparatus for detecting an angular deviation of an engine shaft according to claim 4, characterized by The annular mounting structure of the front end measuring component (1) is composed of three sections, which are support structure I, support structure II and support structure III. The connecting part between the two support structures is connected by a rotating shaft to realize mutual rotation and to realize the wrapping installation around the engine connecting shaft (2) in the slit of the shaft sleeve; the butt joint interface between the support structure I and the support structure III is fixedly connected by fastening bolts; The front end measuring component (1) is positioned by using the step on the engine connecting shaft (2) as a positioning reference during installation; the laser ranging sensor (4) is fixedly installed on the middle outer end surface of the support structure I, the wireless transmission module is fixedly installed on the outer end surface of one side of the support structure I, and the battery compartment structure is designed on the outer end surface of the other side of the support structure I, and the battery module is installed and fixed in the battery compartment.

6. The apparatus for detecting an axial deviation of an engine shaft according to claim 5, wherein The measurement mode of the elastic deformation amount of the diaphragm coupling (3a) by the front end measuring component (1) is as follows: One of the bolt heads connecting the engine connecting shaft (2) and the diaphragm coupling (3a) is taken as a target measurement point, the laser ranging sensor (4) of the front end measuring component (1) emits a laser beam, the engine connecting shaft (2) is rotated to make the laser beam emitted by the laser ranging sensor (4) project a visible spot on the target measurement point, and the reflected light is imaged on the photosensitive sheet in the laser ranging sensor (4); The axial displacement of the target measurement point is measured by rotating the engine connecting shaft (2) for one turn; during the rotation of the engine connecting shaft (2), when the distance between the laser ranging sensor (4) and the measured bolt head changes, the laser reflection angle changes correspondingly, so that the imaging position on the photosensitive element in the laser ranging sensor (4) changes correspondingly.

7. A method for detecting an axial deviation of a shaft of an engine, characterized in that The engine shaft angular deviation detection device according to any one of claims 1-6 is used to detect the engine shaft angular deviation, comprising: Step 1: Before installing the engine, calibrate the engine output shaft line, and install the engine and its connecting shaft on the fuselage structure by hoisting, and install the diaphragm coupling (3a) of the engine connecting shaft (2) and the main reducer input end (3) by the bolts arranged on the circumference; Step 2: Install the front end measuring component (1) on the engine connecting shaft (2) through the annular mounting structure, and adjust the laser ranging sensor (4) to align it with the target measurement point; Step 3: Align the laser ranging sensor (4) with the target measurement point to complete the measurement scene construction; Step 4: Start the portable terminal, aim the laser emitted by the laser ranging sensor (4) at the target measurement point, and after slowly rotating the engine connecting shaft (2) for one turn, obtain the angular deviation measurement result through the measurement software configured in the terminal; during the rotation of the engine connecting shaft (2) for one turn, the axial displacement of the end surface of the circumferential installation bolt between the engine connecting shaft (2) and the diaphragm coupling (3a) is dynamically measured, that is, the elastic deformation amount X of the diaphragm coupling (3a).

8. The method for detecting an axial deviation of an engine shaft according to claim 7, characterized by The step 2 comprises: The ring-shaped mounting structure of the front end measuring component (1) is wrapped on the engine connecting shaft (2), the connecting piece of the open end of the ring-shaped mounting structure is located at the shaft sleeve observation window position by rotating the engine connecting shaft (2), the ring-shaped mounting structure is moved to be attached to the stepped end face of the connecting shaft, and the connecting piece is fastened; The laser head of the laser ranging sensor (4) is aligned with the target measuring point of the end face of the diaphragm coupling (3a) by rotating the engine connecting shaft (2) again; wherein the target measuring point is a bolt head of a circle of the diaphragm coupling (3a).

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