Steel ring grating ruling device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of photoelectric measurement technology, specifically providing a steel ring grating scribing device. By adding multiple ranging components, a detection component, and a displacement stage within the laser component, ranging component, and detection component, it enables high-efficiency and high-precision scribing of steel ring gratings of different sizes. The detection component is used for in-situ detection of the scribing quality of the steel ring grating. Multiple ranging components are arranged around the turntable, each measuring the distance between itself and the steel ring grating. When scribing a steel ring grating of a certain size for the first time, any ranging component is used to correct the eccentricity error. When the eccentricity error is 0, the reading of each ranging component is recorded as a standard value. When scribing a steel ring grating of the same size again, the current reading of each ranging component is recorded. The eccentricity error is calculated based on the standard value and the current reading, and the electric displacement stage is controlled to correct the eccentricity error. This invention achieves in-situ detection during grating scribing and improves the efficiency of eccentricity error correction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photoelectric measurement technology, and in particular relates to a steel ring grating scribing device. Background Technology

[0002] Steel ring gratings are widely used as a reference for angle measurement in scientific research and high-end manufacturing. For example, in large telescopes and theodolites, steel ring gratings are generally used for precise positioning or tracking of the observed object; in high-end five-axis CNC machine tools, steel ring gratings are used to detect the rotation angle of the workpiece stage, thereby performing closed-loop control and ensuring machining accuracy; in high-end robots, steel ring gratings are used to provide high-resolution position feedback to the output end of the reducer or gearbox, which helps to improve the accuracy and repeatability of the robotic arm and shorten the reset time.

[0003] Compared to glass gratings, steel ring gratings have the following advantages: Strong environmental adaptability; for precision equipment such as telescopes and theodolites, their operating environment covers -40℃ to 80℃, which ordinary glass gratings cannot adapt to. Furthermore, in environments with high vibration and strong impact, steel ring gratings perform significantly better than glass gratings; no built-in bearings; the steel ring grating is directly mounted on the rotating shaft, eliminating the impact of mechanical hysteresis and coupling / deflection on measurement performance; high precision and high resolution; because the grating is etched on the outer cylindrical surface of the steel ring, it can accommodate more grating lines within 360° (a 300mm outer diameter steel ring can provide 47,200 lines), thus providing higher angular resolution.

[0004] Steel ring gratings have a wide range of applications and obvious advantages. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-precision and high-efficiency steel ring grating scribing device to meet the needs of high-precision steel ring grating mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a steel ring grating scribing device, which, by adding a ranging component and a detection component, and incorporating a displacement stage in the laser component, ranging component, and detection component, is used for scribing steel ring gratings of different sizes with high efficiency and high precision. The addition of a detection component to the steel ring grating scribing device allows for real-time monitoring of the scribing quality of the steel ring grating. After the steel ring grating is scribed, its accuracy can also be directly measured, avoiding the impact of secondary clamping and measurement on production efficiency. Multiple ranging components are added to the steel ring grating marking device. These components are arranged around the turntable and measure the distance between each component and the steel ring grating. As the turntable rotates one revolution, the distance between the ranging component and the steel ring grating is read, thus obtaining the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating. The eccentricity error is corrected by an electric displacement stage. The reading of each ranging component is recorded as a standard value. When marking a steel ring grating of the same size again, the steel ring grating is re-fixed, and the eccentricity error is calculated using the standard value and the current reading. The electric displacement stage is then controlled to correct the eccentricity error, improving the production efficiency and marking accuracy of the steel ring grating marking equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a steel ring grating scribing device, comprising: a laser assembly, a turntable, an electric displacement stage, a detection assembly, and multiple ranging assemblies;

[0008] The electric displacement stage is set on the turntable. The electric displacement stage is used to carry the steel ring grating and drive the steel ring grating to move; the turntable is used to drive the steel ring grating to rotate.

[0009] Laser components are used to scribing steel ring gratings;

[0010] The detection component is used for in-situ detection of the engraving quality of the steel ring grating;

[0011] Multiple ranging components are arranged around the turntable to measure the distance between the ranging components and the steel ring grating.

[0012] When marking a steel ring grating of a certain size for the first time, the eccentricity error is corrected using any ranging component; when the eccentricity error is 0, the reading of each ranging component is recorded as the standard value.

[0013] When re-etching the same size steel ring grating, record the current reading of each ranging component, calculate the eccentricity error based on the standard value and the current reading, and control the electric displacement stage to correct the eccentricity error.

[0014] Preferably, it includes a horizontal adjustment table, which is set between the turntable and the electric displacement table, and is used to level the steel ring grating.

[0015] Preferably, the laser assembly includes a first displacement stage and a laser. The laser is disposed on the first displacement stage, which is used to adjust the distance between the laser and the steel ring grating. The laser is used to etch the steel ring grating.

[0016] Preferably, the detection component includes a second displacement stage and a reading head. The reading head is disposed on the second displacement stage. The second displacement stage is used to adjust the distance between the detection component and the steel ring grating. The reading head is used to detect the engraving signal on the steel ring grating.

[0017] Preferably, the ranging component includes a third displacement stage and a ranging sensor. The ranging sensor is mounted on the third displacement stage, which is used to adjust the distance between the ranging sensor and the steel ring grating. The ranging sensor is used to measure the distance between the ranging component and the steel ring grating.

[0018] Preferably, the multiple ranging components include a first ranging component, a second ranging component, and a third ranging component, and the multiple ranging components are arranged at a 90° angle around the turntable;

[0019] Alternatively, multiple ranging components may be arranged at a 120° angle.

[0020] Preferably, the eccentricity error is calculated using the standard value and the current reading as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] Where R is the radius of the steel ring grating. This represents the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating in the X direction. This represents the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating in the Y direction. This is the difference between the standard value of the first ranging component and the current reading. This is the difference between the standard value of the second ranging component and the current reading. This is the difference between the standard value of the third ranging component and the current reading.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention adds a detection component that reads the engraving signal on the steel ring grating through a reading head, monitoring the engraving quality of the steel ring grating in real time. When there is a problem with the reading head signal, the laser immediately stops working, and the steel ring grating is removed to troubleshoot the problem. The existing method of steel ring grating accuracy detection generally involves removing the steel ring grating and placing it on a dedicated steel ring grating accuracy detection device for accuracy testing. This invention can detect engraving problems in time during the engraving process and avoids the impact of secondary clamping and accuracy testing on production efficiency. This invention adds a ranging component and an electric displacement stage. Before engraving steel ring gratings of the same size, the ranging value of the ranging component needs to be calibrated. Before calibration, the steel ring grating is fixed on the grating fixing platform, and the turntable is controlled to rotate one revolution. By reading the ranging value of the ranging component, the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating is determined. The eccentricity error of the steel ring grating is adjusted by adjusting the electric displacement stage. At this time, the ranging value of the ranging component is recorded as the standard value. When re-fixing steel ring gratings of the same size, the readings of the ranging component will deviate from the standard value due to eccentricity error. The optimal solution is obtained using the least squares method, and the eccentricity error is then transmitted to the electric displacement stage. The electric displacement stage can then automatically correct the eccentricity, eliminating the need for manual inspection and calibration, thus greatly improving scribing efficiency. Current methods for correcting the eccentricity of steel ring gratings typically involve measuring the eccentricity error using a dial indicator or inductive micrometer. This requires reassembly and measurement after each installation of the grating, and also necessitates rotating the grating by a certain angle, impacting production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel ring grating scribing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a steel ring grating and a grating fixing stage provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the steel ring grating scribing apparatus provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the reading deviation generated by the ranging sensor when the position of the steel ring becomes eccentric, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the figures include:

[0031] Laser assembly 1, first displacement stage 11, laser support 12, laser 13;

[0032] Turntable 2;

[0033] Leveling platform 3;

[0034] 4. Electric displacement stage;

[0035] 5. Grating fixing stage; 51. grating mounting surface; 52.

[0036] Steel ring grating 6, inner hole 61;

[0037] Distance measuring component 7, first distance measuring component 71, second distance measuring component 72, third distance measuring component 73, second displacement stage 711, sensor mounting bracket 712, distance measuring sensor 713;

[0038] Detection component 8, reading head holder 81, reading head 82, third displacement stage 83. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the invention are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of the invention with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; the relevant operations can be fully understood based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined to form various implementations. Furthermore, the order of the steps or actions in the method description can be changed or adjusted in a manner readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are merely for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a mandatory order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, a steel ring grating scribing device is provided, comprising: a laser assembly 1, a turntable 2, an electric displacement stage 4, a detection assembly 8, and multiple ranging assemblies 7;

[0045] Among them, the electric displacement stage 4 is set on the turntable 2. The electric displacement stage 4 is used to support the steel ring grating 6 and drive the steel ring grating 6 to move; the turntable 2 is used to drive the steel ring grating 6 to rotate.

[0046] Laser assembly 1 is used to scribing the steel ring grating 6;

[0047] The detection component 8 is used for in-situ detection of the engraving quality of the steel ring grating 6;

[0048] Multiple ranging components 7 are arranged around the turntable 2 to measure the distance between the ranging components 7 and the steel ring grating 6 respectively;

[0049] When marking a steel ring grating 6 of a certain size for the first time, the eccentricity error is corrected using any ranging component 7; when the eccentricity error is 0, the reading of each ranging component 7 is recorded as the standard value.

[0050] When the same size steel ring grating 6 is etched again, the current reading of each ranging component 7 is recorded. The eccentricity error is calculated based on the standard value and the current reading, and the electric displacement stage 4 is controlled to correct the eccentricity error.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 The laser assembly 1 is a key component for etching the steel ring grating 6. The core principle of laser etching of metal gratings is to utilize the high energy density and precise periodic energy control of the laser to remove material from the surface of a metal substrate (such as copper, aluminum, stainless steel, or precious metal thin films) at a preset cycle, forming a regular alternating "groove-protrusion" structure (i.e., a grating), ultimately achieving the function of light modulation. In this embodiment of the invention, the laser assembly 1 consists of a first displacement stage 11, a laser support 12, and a laser 13. The laser support 12 and the laser 13 are sequentially arranged on the first displacement stage 11. The first displacement stage 11 can adjust the distance between the laser 13 and the steel ring grating 6, facilitating the focusing of the laser 13 when etching steel ring gratings 6 of different sizes.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The turntable 2 is sequentially equipped with a horizontal adjustment stage 3, an electric displacement stage 4, a grating fixing stage 5, and a steel ring grating 6. The grating fixing stage 5 has a boss 51 and a grating mounting surface 52, while the steel ring grating 6 has an inner hole 61. The boss 51 and the inner hole 61 are fitted with a small clearance. The turntable 2 needs to be calibrated beforehand using an autocollimator, as it serves as the angular reference for the entire scribing equipment. The horizontal adjustment stage 3 is used to level the grating mounting surface 52 of the grating fixing stage 5. Different sizes of steel ring gratings 6 require different sizes of grating fixing stages 5. After each leveling, steel ring gratings 6 of the same size can be mass-produced. The horizontality of the grating mounting surface 52 needs to be periodically checked. Because the steel ring grating 6 is a precision angular measurement reference, the parallelism of the upper and lower end faces and the cylindricity of the outer cylindrical surface of the steel ring grating 6 must be ensured to the micrometer level. The electric displacement stage 4 allows for two-dimensional position adjustment of the steel ring grating 6. The boss 51 of the grating fixing stage 5 and the inner hole 61 of the steel ring grating 6 adopt a small clearance fit, which can provide coarse positioning for the steel ring grating 6 and avoid large eccentricity error between the center of the steel ring grating 6 and the rotation center of the turntable 2.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3The ranging component 7 includes a first ranging component 71, a second ranging component 72, and a third ranging component 73. The third ranging component 73 is opposite to the laser component 1. The first ranging component 71, the second ranging component 72, and the third ranging component 73 are arranged at a 90° angle around the turntable 2. The first ranging component 71 includes a second displacement stage 711, a sensor mounting bracket 712, and a ranging sensor 713. The sensor mounting bracket 712 and the ranging sensor 713 are sequentially mounted on the second displacement stage 711. When different sizes of steel ring grating 6 are replaced, the second displacement stage 711 can adjust the position of the ranging sensor 713. The ranging sensor 713 is connected to a host computer, which collects the distance from the ranging component 7 to the steel ring grating 6. The second ranging component 72 and the third ranging component 73 have the same structure as the first ranging component 71.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 After fixing the steel ring grating 6 onto the grating fixing stage 5, due to only coarse positioning, there is still an eccentricity error between the center of the steel ring grating 6 and the rotation center of the turntable 2. At this point, further precise adjustment of the position of the steel ring grating 6 is needed to minimize the eccentricity value and improve the marking accuracy of the steel ring grating 6. Before marking a steel ring grating 6 of a certain size each time, the ranging values ​​of the three ranging components 7 need to be calibrated. During calibration, the steel ring grating 6 is first fixed on the grating fixing stage 5, and the turntable 2 is rotated one revolution. By reading the ranging value of any ranging sensor 713, the eccentricity of the steel ring grating 6 can be determined. The steel ring grating 6 is adjusted to the ideal position by adjusting the electric displacement stage 4. At this time, the ranging values ​​of the three ranging components 7 are recorded as standard values. When re-fixing the steel ring grating 6 of the same size, due to the eccentricity error, the readings of the three ranging components 7 will deviate from the standard values. The eccentricity error is calculated using the standard value and the current reading:

[0055] ;

[0056] Where R is the radius of the steel ring grating. This represents the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating in the X direction. This represents the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating in the Y direction. This is the difference between the standard value of the first ranging component and the current reading. This is the difference between the standard value of the second ranging component and the current reading. This is the difference between the standard value and the current reading of the third ranging component. It can be solved using the least squares method. and The optimal solution. In practical applications, the host computer collects the deviation values ​​of the three ranging components 7 and calculates... and The optimal solution can be determined by the sign of the deviation value, which indicates the direction of the eccentricity of the steel ring grating 6. , The optimal solution and direction are fed back to the electric displacement stage 4 for adjustment, so that the steel ring grating 6 can be adjusted to an approximately ideal position.

[0057] The existing method for correcting the deviation of the steel ring grating 6 typically involves measuring its eccentricity error using a dial indicator or an inductive micrometer. This requires re-calibration and measurement after each installation, and also necessitates rotating the grating 6 by a certain angle, impacting production efficiency. This invention introduces multiple ranging components 7 and an electric displacement stage 4. For steel ring gratings 6 of the same size, only one calibration is needed. After reinstalling the grating 6 of the same size, no additional operations are required to adjust it to a near-ideal position, significantly improving production efficiency.

[0058] Several alternative embodiments exist, such as using two ranging components 7 arranged at a 90° angle around the turntable 2; or using four ranging components 7 arranged at a 90° angle around the turntable 2. The more ranging components 7 present, the better the solution... and The closer the value is to the true value.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The detection component 8 consists of a reading head holder 81, a reading head 82, and a third displacement stage 83. The third displacement stage 83 and the second displacement stage 711 are of the same model. The reading head holder 81 and the reading head 82 are sequentially mounted on the third displacement stage 83. By monitoring the reading signal of the steel ring grating 6 through the reading head 82, the scribing quality of the steel ring grating 6 can be detected in real time. When there is a problem with the signal, the laser 13 immediately stops working, and the steel ring grating 6 is removed to troubleshoot the problem. After the steel ring grating is scribed, the turntable 2 is rotated one revolution, and the readings of the turntable 2 and the reading head 82 are collected and the difference is calculated to obtain the scribing accuracy of the steel ring grating. Existing steel ring grating scribing equipment lacks a detection system 8, requiring the steel ring grating 6 to be removed after scribing and placed on a dedicated detection device to detect the scribing quality. Similarly, the existing method for detecting the accuracy of the steel ring grating 6 generally involves removing the steel ring grating 6 and placing it on a dedicated steel ring grating accuracy detection device for accuracy detection. The above traditional method requires secondary clamping, which affects production efficiency. The present invention adds a detection component 8 to the steel ring grating scribing equipment, which can not only detect scribing problems in time during the scribing process, but also avoid the impact of secondary clamping and detection accuracy on production efficiency.

[0060] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0061] The systems, apparatuses, modules, or units described in one or more of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product having a certain function. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, a computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0062] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

Claims

1. A steel ring grating scribing device, characterized in that, include: Laser assembly, turntable, motorized displacement stage, detection assembly, and multiple ranging assemblies; The electric displacement stage is mounted on the turntable, and the electric displacement stage is used to carry the steel ring grating and drive the steel ring grating to move; the turntable is used to drive the steel ring grating to rotate. The laser assembly is used to scribing a steel ring grating; The detection component is used for in-situ detection of the scribing quality of the steel ring grating; Multiple ranging components are arranged around the turntable to measure the distance between the ranging components and the steel ring grating. When the steel ring grating of a certain size is first etched, the eccentricity error is corrected using any of the ranging components; when the eccentricity error is 0, the reading of each ranging component is recorded as a standard value. When the same size steel ring grating is etched again, the current reading of each ranging component is recorded, the eccentricity error is calculated based on the standard value and the current reading, and the electric displacement stage is controlled to correct the eccentricity error. Multiple ranging components include a first ranging component, a second ranging component, and a third ranging component, which are arranged at a 90° angle around the turntable; Alternatively, multiple ranging components may be arranged at a 120° angle. The eccentricity error is calculated using the standard value and the current reading as follows: ； Where R is the radius of the steel ring grating. Let be the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating in the X direction. Let be the eccentricity error of the steel ring grating in the Y direction. The difference between the standard value of the first ranging component and the current reading. The difference between the standard value of the second ranging component and the current reading. The difference between the standard value of the third ranging component and the current reading.

2. The steel ring grating scribing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a horizontal adjustment platform, which is disposed between the turntable and the electric displacement platform, and is used to level the steel ring grating.

3. The steel ring grating scribing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser assembly includes a first displacement stage and a laser. The laser is disposed on the first displacement stage, which is used to adjust the distance between the laser and the steel ring grating. The laser is used to etch the steel ring grating.

4. The steel ring grating scribing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component includes a second displacement stage and a reading head. The reading head is disposed on the second displacement stage. The second displacement stage is used to adjust the distance between the detection component and the steel ring grating. The reading head is used to detect the engraving signal on the steel ring grating.

5. The steel ring grating scribing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ranging component includes a third displacement stage and a ranging sensor. The ranging sensor is disposed on the third displacement stage. The third displacement stage is used to adjust the distance between the ranging sensor and the steel ring grating. The ranging sensor is used to measure the distance between the ranging component and the steel ring grating.

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