Engineering supervision management system and method based on BIM

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction management, in particular to a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based engineering supervision management system and method.According to the BIM-based engineering supervision management system and method, spatial positions and states of construction machinery, vehicles and personnel are captured in real time through a sensor network deployed on site, and a core dynamic spatial conflict calculation module is used for calculating the safety of the construction machinery, the vehicles and the personnel according to a preset safety rule base; and millisecond-level conflict detection and prediction are carried out on the real-time dynamic safety envelope lines of the moving objects. And after potential risks are found, the system sends early warning of different levels from prompting to forced intervention to related personnel, so that a complete management closed loop from active perception and intelligent prediction to co-processing is constructed. Therefore, through pre-virtual simulation and in-process real-time intervention, the risk of major safety accidents such as collision and overturning caused by space conflicts is greatly reduced, and life safety is guaranteed. And by optimizing the construction space and logistics planning, shutdown and rework caused by conflicts are reduced, and the construction efficiency and the project management refinement level are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction management technology, specifically to a BIM-based engineering supervision and management system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Construction projects, especially large and complex ones, are high-risk phases for safety and quality issues. Traditional construction safety and quality supervision and management heavily rely on the on-site experience and sense of responsibility of supervisors and managers, using methods such as manual inspections, paper records, and two-dimensional drawing reviews. This approach is significantly delayed and subjective, making it difficult to effectively and promptly anticipate and control the risks of dynamic changes on the construction site, especially spatial conflicts arising from the cross-operation of different specialties and equipment. For example, interference between tower cranes and aerial work platforms, collisions between large equipment and temporary structures, and safety issues caused by multiple trades working in the same space are often only discovered after the problems occur, leading to work stoppages, rework, or even safety accidents.

[0003] In recent years, Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has been introduced into engineering construction management due to its advantages such as 3D visualization and information integration, mainly for clash detection in the design phase and scheme simulation before construction. However, existing BIM applications mostly remain at the static, pre-construction auxiliary design level, with its model data disconnected from the real-time dynamic changes on the construction site. It cannot perceive the real-time location and status of equipment, personnel, and machinery during construction, cannot provide early warnings of impending dynamic spatial conflicts, and cannot provide intelligent decision support and emergency response when risks occur. Therefore, existing technologies suffer from technical problems such as a lack of dynamic perception capabilities, insufficient in-process control methods, and an inability to achieve true preventive monitoring. There is an urgent need for an intelligent monitoring and management system and method that can deeply integrate static BIM models with real-time site data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a BIM-based engineering supervision and management system and method to address the technical problems of existing technologies, such as lack of dynamic perception capabilities, insufficient in-process control methods, and inability to achieve true preventive supervision.

[0005] The basic solution provided by this invention is a BIM-based engineering supervision and management system, which includes a central server, a positioning and status perception module, a dynamic spatial conflict calculation module, and an early warning and collaborative management module. The central server is used to store and maintain a four-dimensional building information model that includes the time dimension; The positioning and status perception module is deployed at the construction site to acquire the location and status information of moving and fixed objects in real time. The moving objects include construction machinery, vehicles and personnel, and the status information includes one or more of the following: the working range of the machinery, the rotation angle, and the load information. The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module runs on the central server and is configured as follows: Receive real-time data from the positioning and state awareness module; calculate the dynamic spatial safety envelope for at least one of the moving objects based on the real-time data and a predefined safety rule base; Within each calculation cycle, it is determined whether there is a spatial conflict risk between the dynamic spatial safety envelopes of different objects, or between the dynamic spatial safety envelopes and fixed objects in the four-dimensional building information model; and conflict warning information of corresponding level is generated based on the judgment results. The early warning and collaborative management module is communicatively connected to the dynamic spatial conflict calculation module, and is used to visually present the conflict early warning information on a visualization interface based on the four-dimensional building information model, and push the early warning information to one or more relevant user terminals.

[0006] Furthermore, the positioning and state awareness module includes: Ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning units are used for indoor and outdoor positioning of personnel and / or construction machinery hooks with centimeter-level accuracy. Mechanical status sensing units are integrated into construction machinery, including tower cranes and concrete pump trucks, to collect one or more of the following information in real time: working radius, slewing angle, load, wind speed, and boom posture.

[0007] Furthermore, when the dynamic spatial conflict calculation module performs spatial conflict risk assessment, it executes the following sequentially: The first layer of coarse detection performs rapid filtering based on the object's boundary sphere, eliminating object pairs with no risk of conflict. The second layer of fine detection uses the Oriented Bounding Box (OBB) algorithm to accurately determine the intersection in three-dimensional space for object pairs that pass the coarse detection. The third layer of rule application involves calling the rules in the security rule base to perform final conflict confirmation and warning level determination for object pairs that have passed the fine detection.

[0008] Furthermore, the safety rule base predefines multi-level warning thresholds. The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module generates conflict warning information of different levels, including prompts, warnings, and dangers, based on the comparison results between the calculated spatial distance and the multi-level warning thresholds. When the level is determined to be dangerous, the system can send control commands to the control system of the corresponding construction machinery to limit the movement speed or stop the movement in the dangerous direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the early warning and collaborative management module includes: The monitoring screen interface is used in the project command center to highlight the conflict location, conflict object and warning level using the four-dimensional building information model as the base map. Mobile application terminals are used to enable on-site safety officers and equipment operators to receive early warning information, view conflict details, and rectify and provide feedback on potential hazards, thus forming a closed-loop management system. The smart safety helmet integrates an audible and visual alarm and a positioning tag. When associated personnel enter a dangerous area, it can receive instructions from the system and activate a local audible and visual alarm.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a site verification module, which includes a 3D laser scanner or drone that regularly scans the construction site to generate a site point cloud model.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an on-site verification module and a model comparison module. The model comparison unit is configured to compare the on-site point cloud model with the planned four-dimensional building information model to identify potential spatial conflicts or safety hazards caused by construction not being carried out as planned.

[0012] A construction dynamic spatial conflict management method, which applies the BIM-based engineering supervision and management system described in any of the above items, includes the following steps: The positioning and status perception module obtains the location and status information of moving and fixed objects at the construction site in real time. The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module calculates the dynamic spatial safety envelope of a moving object based on the information and security rule base. Determine whether there is a risk of spatial conflict between the dynamic spatial safety envelopes of different objects or between them and fixed objects in the BIM model; Based on the risk assessment results, generate and push the corresponding level of conflict warning information to the warning and collaborative management module; The early warning and collaborative management module visualizes early warning information and pushes it to relevant user terminals to guide on-site personnel in handling risks.

[0013] The principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: By creating a dynamic digital twin environment that is synchronously updated with the physical construction site, this invention deeply integrates static BIM models with IoT, high-precision positioning, and cloud computing technologies. The system uses a sensor network deployed on-site to capture the spatial location and status of construction machinery, vehicles, and personnel in real time. The core dynamic spatial conflict calculation module, based on a preset safety rule base, performs millisecond-level conflict detection and prediction on the real-time dynamic safety envelope of these moving objects. Once a potential risk is detected, the system immediately issues warnings of varying levels, from alerts to mandatory intervention, to relevant personnel through multiple channels such as large visual screens, mobile terminals, and smart safety helmets. This constructs a complete management closed loop from proactive perception and intelligent prediction to collaborative handling. Through pre-event virtual simulation and real-time intervention, the risk of major safety accidents such as collisions and overturning caused by spatial conflicts is greatly reduced, ensuring life safety. Furthermore, by optimizing construction space and logistics planning, work stoppages and rework caused by conflicts are reduced, improving construction efficiency and the level of project management refinement. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of a first embodiment of a BIM-based engineering supervision and management system according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a second embodiment of the BIM-based engineering supervision and management method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The specific implementation process is as follows: Example 1 Example 1 is attached. Figure 1 As shown, a BIM-based engineering monitoring and management system includes a central server, a positioning and status perception module, a dynamic spatial conflict calculation module, and an early warning and collaboration module.

[0017] The central server is used to store and maintain a four-dimensional building information model that includes the time dimension.

[0018] The positioning and status awareness module is deployed at the construction site to acquire the location and status information of moving and fixed objects in real time. The moving objects include construction machinery, vehicles and personnel, and the status information includes one or more of the following: the working range of the machinery, the rotation angle, and the load information.

[0019] The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module runs on the central server and is configured as follows: Receive real-time data from the positioning and status perception module; calculate the dynamic spatial safety envelope for at least one of the moving objects based on the real-time data and a predefined safety rule base; determine whether there is a spatial conflict risk between the dynamic spatial safety envelopes of different objects or between the dynamic spatial safety envelopes and fixed objects in the four-dimensional building information model within each calculation cycle; and generate conflict warning information of corresponding level based on the judgment result.

[0020] The early warning and collaborative management module is communicatively connected to the dynamic spatial conflict calculation module, and is used to visually present the conflict early warning information on a visualization interface based on the four-dimensional building information model, and push the early warning information to one or more relevant user terminals.

[0021] This invention uses a sensor network deployed on-site to capture the spatial location and status of construction machinery, vehicles, and personnel in real time. A core dynamic spatial conflict calculation module, based on a pre-set safety rule base, performs millisecond-level conflict detection and prediction on the real-time dynamic safety envelope of these moving objects. Once a potential risk is detected, the system immediately issues warnings ranging from alerts to mandatory intervention to relevant personnel through multiple channels, including large visual screens, mobile terminals, and smart safety helmets. This constructs a complete management closed loop from proactive perception and intelligent prediction to collaborative handling.

[0022] Specifically, in this embodiment, the central server serves as the system's data hub, enabling millisecond-level data exchange with various modules through a distributed data bus. The server uses a time-series database to store the four-dimensional building information model and its dynamically updated data, with a storage capacity supporting petabyte-level model data. Simultaneously, it maintains a digital twin environment built upon real-time on-site data. The server's built-in data scheduling engine, operating on a 50ms cycle, distributes the perceived data to multiple computing nodes using a load balancing algorithm, ensuring stable system operation under high concurrency scenarios.

[0023] The positioning and status awareness module constructs a complete on-site situational awareness system through multi-source data fusion technology. In this embodiment, the positioning and status awareness module includes sensor units such as an ultra-wideband positioning unit, a mechanical status sensing unit, and an environmental monitoring unit. Among them: The ultra-wideband positioning unit acquires the spatial coordinates of personnel and equipment at a sampling frequency of 10Hz, achieves a positioning accuracy of ±15cm through a trilateration algorithm, and deploys 16 positioning base stations to form a three-dimensional positioning network.

[0024] The mechanical status sensing unit is directly connected to the construction machinery control system via the CAN bus protocol, and acquires the tower crane's slewing angle (accuracy ±0.1°), working radius (accuracy ±5cm) and real-time load data with a sampling period of 20ms.

[0025] The environmental monitoring unit collects environmental parameters such as wind speed (accuracy ±0.1m / s) and temperature (accuracy ±0.5℃) in real time.

[0026] All sensor data is preprocessed by Kalman filtering and timestamp alignment at the edge computing gateway before being transmitted to the central server via a 5G private network.

[0027] The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module adopts a three-layer progressive detection architecture, including the following steps: Data preprocessing stage: The input real-time data is normalized to a coordinate system and outliers are removed. A motion state vector containing position, velocity and acceleration is established for each moving object.

[0028] Multi-layer detection mechanism: The first layer of coarse detection constructs the boundary sphere of moving objects every 100ms and performs fast neighborhood queries through an octree spatial index, which can process 2000 pairs of objects per second and exclude about 85% of non-conflicting objects.

[0029] The second layer of fine detection: Construct directional bounding boxes for candidate objects and perform projection tests on 26 axes using the separated axis theorem, with a calculation accuracy of ±2cm.

[0030] The third layer of rule application: calling the multi-level warning thresholds in the safety rule base, such as setting the horizontal distance between tower cranes to: 10 meters (prompt level), 5 meters (warning level), and 3 meters (danger level).

[0031] Dynamic prediction algorithm: Based on the current motion state, the extended Kalman filter is used to predict the motion trajectory within the next 2 seconds, so as to realize early warning of conflict.

[0032] This embodiment takes the spatial conflict detection between tower crane A and tower crane B as an example: First, data collection and preprocessing are performed: The positioning system measured the position of the hook of tower crane A as (x1, y1, z1) = (45.2, 68.3, 12.5) and the position of the hook of tower crane B as (x2, y2, z2) = (48.1, 65.8, 12.6).

[0033] Status sensor data collected: Tower crane A's slewing angular velocity is 0.25 rad / s, and the wind speed is 3.2 m / s; Tower crane B's slewing angular velocity is 0.18 rad / s, and the wind speed is 3.1 m / s.

[0034] Edge computing nodes perform Kalman filtering on the raw data to eliminate measurement noise.

[0035] Dynamic envelope calculation: The envelope radius was calculated using the Newton-Euler dynamics model.

[0036] In the formula, The radius of the dynamic space safety envelope, in meters; The basic safety radius (including the object's dimensions + basic safety margin) is measured in meters, and in this embodiment, it is taken as 2.5 meters. Current speed, unit: meters per second; The prediction time window is in seconds; in this example, it is 2 seconds. Current acceleration, unit: meters per second²; The drag coefficient is dimensionless. Real-time wind speed, unit: meters per second.

[0037] Tower crane A: R1 = 2.5 + 2.5×2 + 0.5×0.5×4 + 0.15×3.2 = 8.23m.

[0038] Tower crane B: R2 = 2.5 + 1.8×2 + 0.5×0.3×4 + 0.15×3.1 = 7.12m.

[0039] Multi-layer collision detection: Coarse inspection: The distance between the two hooks is calculated to be d=3.84m, which is less than the safety threshold of 15.35m, so proceed to fine inspection.

[0040] Precise inspection: OBB bounding box intersection test shows that there is a risk of interference.

[0041] Rule application: Distance 3.84m < danger level threshold 3m × 1.3 (safety factor) = 3.9m, triggering a level 3 warning.

[0042] In this embodiment, the early warning and collaborative management module initiates a tiered response based on the conflict level: Warning level alert: Conflict areas are marked in yellow on the monitoring screen, and an alert log is generated.

[0043] Warning level alert: Add audible and visual alarms for mobile terminals and display avoidance solutions.

[0044] Danger warning: Triggers equipment speed limit control, and the smart safety helmet activates a strong vibration alarm.

[0045] In this embodiment, after a Level 3 warning is triggered, the command center's large screen flashes red and displays "Emergency Collision Warning"; the tower crane operator's terminal displays "Immediately reduce speed! Distance 3.84m"; the area's smart safety helmet triggers an audible and visual alarm; and the system automatically limits the tower crane's speed to 30% of its rated speed. This embodiment also establishes a response feedback mechanism, allowing on-site personnel to upload response results via mobile terminals, forming a complete PDCA management closed loop.

[0046] In addition, this embodiment also includes an on-site verification module. The on-site verification module uses an UAV-borne 3D laser scanner to automatically perform scanning tasks according to a preset flight path, generating a point cloud model with an accuracy of ±1cm. The model comparison unit uses an improved ICP registration algorithm to automatically compare the on-site point cloud with the BIM design model. When a deviation is found to exceed the tolerance limit (such as ±5cm), a deviation report is automatically generated and the model update process is triggered.

[0047] In summary, the present invention, through the above-described scheme, realizes a complete management closed loop from real-time perception and intelligent prediction to collaborative handling. The deep collaboration of each module ensures the high reliability and real-time performance of the system, providing effective technical support for large-scale engineering construction projects.

[0048] Example 2 Example 2 is attached. Figure 2 As shown, a construction dynamic spatial conflict management method, which applies the aforementioned BIM-based engineering supervision and management system, includes the following steps: The positioning and status perception module obtains the location and status information of moving and fixed objects at the construction site in real time. The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module calculates the dynamic spatial safety envelope of a moving object based on the information and security rule base. Determine whether there is a risk of spatial conflict between the dynamic spatial safety envelopes of different objects or between them and fixed objects in the BIM model; Based on the risk assessment results, generate and push the corresponding level of conflict warning information to the warning and collaborative management module; The early warning and collaborative management module visualizes early warning information and pushes it to relevant user terminals to guide on-site personnel in handling risks.

[0049] In this embodiment, the dynamic spatial conflict calculation module adds a motion trajectory-based prediction function. Using a Kalman filter algorithm, the module predicts the motion state of moving objects, anticipating potential conflicts 1-2 seconds in advance. For example, when a tower crane hook is detected moving at a specific angular velocity, the module calculates its trajectory for the next 2 seconds and performs conflict detection with the predicted trajectories of surrounding objects.

[0050] Meanwhile, the system has established an adaptive early warning mechanism. The early warning thresholds in the safety rule base can be dynamically adjusted according to the construction site environment. For example, during nighttime construction or in severe weather conditions, the early warning thresholds at all levels will be automatically increased by 20%. The system has also established a feedback learning mechanism to continuously optimize the accuracy of the early warning rules by analyzing historical early warning data and processing results.

[0051] The on-site verification module has added an automatic patrol flight function. The drone automatically performs scanning tasks according to the preset flight path and time points. The generated point cloud data is transmitted back in real time through the 4G / 5 network. The system automatically triggers the model comparison process to realize routine automatic inspection of the construction site.

[0052] In summary, this invention achieves a complete management closed loop from real-time perception and accurate prediction to intelligent early warning and automatic control, significantly improving the safety management level of construction sites. The standardized data interfaces and clearly defined functional boundaries between the modules form an efficient collaborative working mechanism, ensuring the reliability and practicality of the system.

[0053] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A BIM-based engineering inspection management system, characterized by: The system comprises a central server, a positioning and state sensing module, a dynamic space conflict calculation module, and an early warning and coordination management module. The central server is configured to store and maintain a four-dimensional building information model including a time dimension. The positioning and state sensing module is deployed at the construction site and is configured to acquire real-time position information and state information of mobile objects and fixed objects; the mobile objects include construction machinery, vehicles, and personnel; the state information includes one or more of the working amplitude, the rotation angle, and the load information of the machinery. The dynamic space conflict calculation module is configured to: receive real-time data from the positioning and state sensing module; calculate a dynamic space safety envelope for at least one of the mobile objects based on the real-time data and a predefined safety rule base; in each calculation cycle, determine whether there is a space conflict risk between the dynamic space safety envelopes of different objects or between the dynamic space safety envelope and a fixed object in the four-dimensional building information model; and generate conflict warning information of corresponding levels according to the determination result. The early warning and coordination management module is in communication connection with the dynamic space conflict calculation module and is configured to visually present the conflict warning information on a visual interface based on the four-dimensional building information model and push the warning information to one or more related user terminals.

2. The BIM-based engineering supervision management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and state sensing module comprises: an ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning unit configured to perform indoor and outdoor positioning of personnel and / or hooks of construction machinery with a centimeter-level precision; a mechanical state sensing unit integrated on construction machinery such as tower cranes and concrete pump trucks and configured to acquire one or more of the working amplitude, the rotation angle, the load, the wind speed, and the arm posture information of the machinery in real time.

3. The BIM-based engineering supervision management system of claim 2, wherein: When the dynamic space conflict calculation module performs the space conflict risk determination, it successively performs: first layer coarse detection based on boundary spheres of the objects to quickly screen out object pairs without conflict risks; second layer fine detection for object pairs passing the coarse detection, using an oriented bounding box (OBB) algorithm to perform accurate three-dimensional space intersection determination; third layer rule application for object pairs passing the fine detection, calling rules in the safety rule base to perform final conflict confirmation and warning level determination.

4. The BIM-based engineering supervision management system of claim 3, wherein: The safety rule base has predefined multiple warning threshold values, and the dynamic space conflict calculation module generates conflict warning information of different levels including a prompt, a warning, and a danger according to a comparison result of the calculated space distance and the multiple warning threshold values; when the danger level is determined, the system can send a control instruction to limit the movement speed or stop the movement in a dangerous direction to the control system of the corresponding construction machinery.

5. The BIM-based engineering supervision management system of claim 4, wherein: The early warning and coordination management module comprises: a monitoring large-screen interface configured to display the conflict position, the conflict object, and the warning level in highlight on the four-dimensional building information model as a base map at a project command center; a mobile application terminal configured to allow a site safety officer and a device operator to receive warning information, view conflict details, and perform hidden danger rectification and feedback, thereby forming a management closed loop. The intelligent safety helmet integrates an audible and light alarm and a positioning tag, and can receive instructions from the system and start a local audible and light alarm when relevant personnel enter a dangerous area.

6. The BIM-based engineering supervision management system of claim 5, wherein: The on-site review module includes a three-dimensional laser scanner or a drone that periodically scans the construction site to generate a point cloud model of the site.

7. The BIM-based engineering supervision management system of claim 6, wherein: The on-site review module and the model comparison module are also included, and the model comparison unit is configured to compare the point cloud model of the site with the planned four-dimensional building information model to identify potential spatial conflicts or safety hazards caused by un-planned construction.

8. A construction dynamic space conflict management method, characterized by, The application of the BIM-based engineering supervision management system according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: Through the positioning and state sensing module, the position and state information of the mobile and fixed objects in the construction site are obtained in real time; The dynamic spatial conflict calculation module calculates the dynamic spatial safety envelope of the mobile object based on the information and the safety rule library; Determine whether there is a spatial conflict risk between the dynamic spatial safety envelope of different objects or between the dynamic spatial safety envelope and the fixed objects in the BIM model; According to the risk judgment result, generate and push the conflict warning information of the corresponding level to the warning and collaborative management module; Through the warning and collaborative management module, the warning information is visually displayed and pushed to the relevant user terminal to guide the on-site personnel to dispose the risk.

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