Self-cooling safety system for waste heat power generation of spent fuel pool

Abstract

The invention discloses a spent fuel pool waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system. The spent fuel pool waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system comprises a spent fuel pool, a water pump assembly and a power generation system. The spent fuel pool is filled with hot water; the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the water pump assembly are respectively communicated with the spent fuel pool; the power generation system comprises a power generation assembly and a heat exchange assembly. The power generation assembly communicates with the water pump assembly, the heat exchange assembly communicates with the power generation assembly, and the heat exchange assembly is matched with part of the power generation assembly in a heat exchange mode. Under the condition of emergency power failure, the spent pool waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system fully cools hot water in the spent fuel pool, so that the temperature of the hot water in the spent fuel pool is kept below a stable and safe temperature, the power generation efficiency is higher, the power utilization requirements of a power generation system and a water pump assembly are met, and long-term operation after an accident is guaranteed; and a long enough time window is provided for later accident treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power technology, and in particular to a self-cooling safety system for generating electricity from spent heat in a spent fuel pool. Background Technology

[0002] Spent fuel refers to nuclear fuel that has undergone a fission reaction within the reactor for a certain period of time, reached its designed burnup, and been unloaded from the reactor. Spent fuel is highly radioactive and has high heat content, and it is generally stored in spent fuel pools for cooling. Due to the high heat content of spent fuel, it is necessary to ensure a continuous supply of water for cooling during storage.

[0003] In nuclear power plant design, spent fuel undergoes long-term cooling in spent fuel pools, which presents a vulnerability under severe accident conditions, potentially leading to serious consequences. Currently, most nuclear power plants utilize the temperature difference between the high-temperature water in the spent fuel pools and the outside environment to generate electricity, addressing the power needs of the cooling system after an accident. However, the Rankine cycle power generation system, which is widely used, suffers from low power generation capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-cooling safety system for waste heat power generation from a wastewater pool.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A self-cooling safety system for waste heat power generation from a spent fuel pool includes: The spent fuel water tank is filled with hot water. A water pump assembly, wherein the inlet and outlet of the water pump assembly are respectively connected to the spent fuel water tank; A power generation system, comprising a power generation component and a heat exchange component; the power generation component is connected to the water pump component, the heat exchange component is connected to the power generation component, and the heat exchange component engages in heat exchange with a portion of the power generation component.

[0006] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the power generation components preferably include a heat exchange power generation module, a condensation transport module, and a power generation circulation pipe; The power generation circulation pipe forms a circulation loop, the heat exchange power generation module and the condensation conveying module are arranged on the circulation loop, and the heat exchange power generation module is connected to the water pump assembly; The heat exchange power generation module is filled with a non-azeotropic dual working fluid. The water pump assembly circulates hot water from the spent fuel pool to the heat exchange power generation module. The non-azeotropic dual working fluid exchanges heat with the hot water in the heat exchange power generation module and is converted into a gaseous working fluid and a liquid working fluid to reduce the temperature of the hot water. The gaseous working fluid generates electricity within the heat exchange power generation module. The liquid working fluid and / or a portion of the gaseous working fluid generated during the power generation enter the heat exchange assembly. The condensation and delivery module is used to cool the gaseous working fluid and the liquid working fluid to convert them back into the non-azeotropic dual working fluid and deliver them back to the heat exchange and power generation module. During the delivery process, the module exchanges heat with the liquid working fluid in the heat exchange component and / or part of the gaseous working fluid in the power generation to increase its temperature.

[0007] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the heat exchange power generation module preferably includes a heat exchanger, a separator, and a power generation turbine sequentially arranged in the circulation loop, with the non-azeotropic dual working fluid filling the heat exchanger.

[0008] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the preferred condensation delivery module includes an air cooler, a liquid storage tank, and a working fluid pump, which are sequentially connected in the circulation loop connecting the power generation turbine outlet end to the heat exchanger.

[0009] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the heat exchange components preferably include a primary regenerator, an absorber, and solution pipelines; The two ends of the first-stage regenerator are respectively connected to the separator and the absorber through the solution pipeline. The first-stage regenerator is also connected to the power generation circulation pipe that connects the working fluid pump and the heat exchanger. The absorber is connected to the power generation circulation pipe that connects the power generation turbine and the air cooler.

[0010] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the heat exchange component preferably further includes a secondary regenerator, which is connected to the solution pipeline between the primary regenerator and the absorber, and is also connected to the power generation circulation pipe between the working fluid pump and the primary regenerator.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the heat exchange component preferably further includes an extraction heater and an extraction pipe, with the two ends of the extraction heater connected to the power generation turbine and the absorber respectively through the extraction pipe; the extraction heater is also connected to the power generation circulation pipe connecting the secondary regenerator and the primary regenerator.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the water pump assembly preferably includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a water pump, and valves; The two ends of the inlet pipe and the two ends of the outlet pipe are respectively connected to the heat exchanger and the hot water in the spent fuel water tank. The water pump is installed on the inlet pipe, and the valve is installed on the inlet pipe connecting the water pump and the heat exchanger.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the heat exchanger preferably includes a tank body, a hot water chamber, and a working fluid chamber; the hot water chamber and the working fluid chamber are defined within the tank body, and the hot water chamber is connected to the water pump assembly; the working fluid chamber stores the non-azeotropic dual working fluid, one end of the working fluid chamber is connected to the separator, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange assembly; Or / and, the air cooler includes a shell body, an air flow cavity, a mixing working fluid cavity, and a fan; the air flow cavity and the mixing working fluid cavity are defined within the shell body, the air flow cavity encloses the mixing working fluid cavity, and the cavity wall of the mixing working fluid cavity isolates the two; one end of the mixing working fluid cavity is connected to the generator turbine, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank; the fan is disposed within the air flow cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, in the aforementioned waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, the primary regenerator preferably includes a first housing, a hot liquid working fluid chamber, and a thermal working fluid chamber; the first housing defines the hot liquid working fluid chamber and the thermal working fluid chamber respectively, the hot liquid working fluid chamber encloses the thermal working fluid chamber, and the two are isolated by the chamber wall of the thermal working fluid chamber; the two ends of the hot liquid working fluid chamber are respectively connected to the separator and the secondary regenerator; the two ends of the thermal working fluid chamber are respectively connected to the working fluid chamber and the exhaust heater; Or / and, the secondary regenerator includes a second housing, a warm liquid working fluid chamber, and a cold working fluid chamber; the warm liquid working fluid chamber and the cold working fluid chamber are defined within the second housing, the warm liquid working fluid chamber encloses the cold working fluid chamber, and the two are isolated by the wall of the cold working fluid chamber; one end of the warm liquid working fluid chamber is connected to the hot liquid working fluid chamber, and the other end is connected to the absorber; one end of the cold working fluid chamber is connected to the working fluid pump, and the other end is connected to the exhaust heater; Or / and, the exhaust heater includes a third housing, a warm gas working fluid chamber, and a warm working fluid chamber; the warm gas working fluid chamber and the warm working fluid chamber are defined within the third housing, the warm gas working fluid chamber encloses the warm working fluid chamber, and the two are isolated by the cavity wall of the warm working fluid chamber; one end of the warm gas working fluid chamber is connected to the generator turbine, and the other end is connected to the absorber; one end of the warm working fluid chamber is connected to the cold working fluid chamber, and the other end is connected to the hot working fluid chamber.

[0015] Implementing this invention has the following beneficial effects: In the event of an emergency power outage, the waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system can effectively cool the hot water in the spent fuel pool, keeping the temperature of the hot water in the spent fuel pool below a stable and safe temperature, resulting in higher power generation efficiency, ensuring the power demand of the power generation system and water pump components, and ensuring long-term operation after an accident, providing a sufficiently long time window for subsequent accident handling. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a self-cooling safety system for waste heat power generation in some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a thermoelectric power generation system. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a thermoelectric power generation system. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a thermoelectric power generation system. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The diagram shows a combination of a water pump assembly and a power generation assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this invention, specific embodiments are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "head," and "tail" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. When an component is referred to as being "on" or "below" another component, the component can be located "directly" or "indirectly" on the other component, or there may be one or more intermediary components. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," "third," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0020] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, some embodiments of the present invention disclose a self-cooling safety system for waste fuel pool power generation. This system includes a spent fuel water pool 10, a water pump assembly 20, and a power generation system 30. The spent fuel water pool 10 is filled with water, which absorbs the heat from the spent fuel and heats up to become hot water. The water pump assembly 20 is connected to the spent fuel water pool 10, and the power generation system 30 is connected to the water pump assembly 20. On one hand, the water pump assembly 20 extracts the hot water from the spent fuel water pool 10, and the hot water exchanges heat with the power generation system 30, which then generates electricity for its own operation. On the other hand, the power generation system 30 exchanges heat with the hot water extracted by the water pump assembly 20 to lower the temperature of the hot water. The cooled hot water returns to the spent fuel water pool 10 to further cool the hot water within the pool, maintaining its temperature below a safe level. This ensures long-term operation after an accident and provides a sufficiently long time window for subsequent accident handling.

[0021] Continue to refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the water pump assembly 20 may include an inlet pipe 21, an outlet pipe 22, a pump 23, and a valve 24. One end of the inlet pipe 21 is connected to the hot water in the spent fuel tank 10, and the other end is connected to the power generation system 30. One end of the outlet pipe 22 is connected to the power generation system 30, and the other end is connected to the hot water in the spent fuel tank 10. The pump 23 and valve 24 are respectively installed on the inlet pipe 21. Under the pump 23, the hot water in the spent fuel tank 10 enters the power generation system 30 through the inlet pipe 21, undergoes heat exchange within the power generation system 30, and is then returned to the spent fuel tank 10 through the outlet pipe 22. The valve 24 is used to control the flow of hot water within the inlet pipe 21.

[0022] Refer again Figure 1 In some embodiments, the power generation system 30 may include a power generation component 32 and a heat exchange component 33. The power generation component 32 is connected to the water pump component 20 and engages in heat exchange; the heat exchange component 33 is disposed on the power generation component 32 and engages in heat exchange with a portion of the power generation component 32. The power generation component 32 is filled with a non-azeotropic dual working fluid. Understandably, in the event of an emergency power outage, the water pump component 20 circulates and extracts hot water from the spent fuel pool 10, exchanging heat with the non-azeotropic dual working fluid to reduce the heat of the hot water. The cooled hot water is then pumped back into the spent fuel pool 10 by the water pump component 20. The non-azeotropic dual working fluid, after heat exchange, transforms into a gaseous working fluid and a liquid working fluid. The gaseous working fluid generates electricity within the power generation component 32. After power generation, the gaseous working fluid is cooled back into a non-azeotropic dual working fluid by the power generation component 32. The cooled non-azeotropic dual working fluid then exchanges heat again with the hot water pumped back into the power generation component 32 by the water pump component 20. The liquid working fluid and / or part of the gaseous working fluid in power generation enter the heat exchange component 33. The liquid working fluid and part of the gaseous working fluid in power generation exchange heat with the cooled non-azeotropic dual working fluid, causing the non-azeotropic dual working fluid to gradually heat up. The liquid working fluid and part of the gaseous working fluid in power generation after heat exchange also enter the power generation component 32 and are condensed back into the non-azeotropic dual working fluid.

[0023] Continue to refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the power generation assembly 32 may include a heat exchange power generation module 321, a condensation delivery module 322, and a power generation circulation pipe 323. The power generation circulation pipe 323 forms a circulation loop, with the heat exchange power generation module 321 and the condensation delivery module 322 arranged on the loop (in other words, the heat exchange power generation module 321 and the condensation delivery module 322 are circulatedly connected through the power generation circulation pipe 323). The heat exchange power generation module 321 is connected to the inlet pipe 21 and the outlet pipe 22. A non-azeotropic dual working fluid is stored within the heat exchange power generation module 321. Understandably, the water pump 23 delivers hot water from the spent fuel water tank 10 to the heat exchange power generation module 321 through the inlet pipe 21. The non-azeotropic dual working fluid exchanges heat with the hot water in the heat exchange power generation module 321, transforming it into a gaseous working fluid and a liquid working fluid to lower the temperature of the hot water. The cooled hot water then returns to the spent fuel water tank 10 through the outlet pipe 22. The gaseous working fluid generates electricity within the heat exchange and power generation module 321, while the liquid working fluid and a portion of the gaseous working fluid used in power generation enter the heat exchange component 33. The condensation and delivery module 322 cools the gaseous working fluid after power generation, transforming it back into a non-azeotropic dual-working fluid, and delivers it back to the heat exchange and power generation module 321. During this delivery process, it exchanges heat with the liquid working fluid and a portion of the gaseous working fluid used in power generation within the heat exchange component 33, causing the non-azeotropic dual-working fluid to undergo initial heat recovery. The liquid working fluid and a portion of the gaseous working fluid used in power generation after heat exchange are also delivered to the condensation and delivery module 322 for cooling, transforming it back into a non-azeotropic dual-working fluid.

[0024] Refer again Figure 2 In some embodiments, the heat exchange power generation module 321 may include a heat exchanger 3211, a separator 3212, and a power generation turbine 3213. The heat exchanger 3211, separator 3212, and power generation turbine 3213 are sequentially connected via a power generation circulation pipe 323. The heat exchanger 3211 is connected to the inlet pipe 21 and the outlet pipe 22. Understandably, the pump 23 transports hot water from the spent fuel pool 10 to the heat exchanger 3211 through the inlet pipe 21. The non-azeotropic working fluid exchanges heat with the hot water in the heat exchanger 3211, transforming it into a gaseous working fluid and a liquid working fluid (the hot water temperature decreases, and the non-azeotropic working fluid temperature increases), thereby lowering the temperature of the hot water. The cooled hot water then returns to the spent fuel pool 10 through the outlet pipe 22. After the gaseous working fluid and the liquid working fluid are separated by the separator 3212, the gaseous working fluid enters the generator turbine 3213 and drives the generator turbine 3213 to generate electricity, while the liquid working fluid enters the heat exchange component 33 mentioned above.

[0025] Continue to refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the condensation delivery module 322 may include an air cooler 3221, a liquid storage tank 3222, and a working fluid pump 3223. The generator turbine 3213, air cooler 3221, liquid storage tank 3222, working fluid pump 3223, and heat exchanger 3211 are sequentially connected via a generator circulation pipe 323. Understandably, the gaseous working fluid after power generation enters the air cooler 3221 to exchange heat with the outside air and cool down, then re-condenses into a non-azeotropic dual working fluid and enters the liquid storage tank 3222. Finally, the working fluid pump 3223 transports the non-azeotropic dual working fluid from the liquid storage tank 3222 back to the heat exchanger 3211, where it continues to exchange heat with the hot water entering the heat exchanger 3211 and heat up.

[0026] In other words, the heat exchanger 3211, separator 3212, generator turbine 3213, air cooler 3221, liquid storage tank 3222, working fluid pump 3223, and heat exchanger 3211 are sequentially connected through generator circulation pipe 323 to form a circulation loop. Heat exchanger 3211 is also connected to inlet pipe 21 and outlet pipe 22. It should be noted that, on the one hand, the condensation delivery module 322 cools and condenses the gaseous working fluid generated by the generator turbine 3213, the liquid working fluid after heat exchange by the heat exchange component 33, and the gaseous working fluid after heat exchange, all at relatively high temperatures. Therefore, the condensation delivery module 322 cools and condenses these into a lower-temperature non-azeotropic dual working fluid and delivers it back to the heat exchanger 3211. The lower-temperature non-azeotropic dual working fluid can better exchange heat with the hot water, removing more and better heat from the hot water, ensuring that the temperature of the hot water after heat exchange reaches the specified temperature range. On the other hand, the air cooler 3221 cools and condenses the gaseous working fluid after the generator turbine 3213 generates electricity, the liquid working fluid after heat exchange by the heat exchange component 33, and the gaseous working fluid after heat exchange, so as to avoid the continuous generation of gaseous working fluid in the circulation loop, and to avoid the pressure balance in the circulation loop (the pressure difference before and after the generator turbine 3213 is the same) when the gaseous working fluid reaches a certain amount, so as to avoid affecting the rotation and power generation of the generator turbine 3213.

[0027] Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, heat exchanger 3211 may include a housing body 32111, a hot water chamber 32112, and a working fluid chamber 32113. The housing body 32111 defines the hot water chamber 32112 and the working fluid chamber 32113. The inlet of the hot water chamber 32112 is connected to the inlet pipe 21, and the outlet is connected to the outlet pipe 22. The working fluid chamber 32113 stores a non-azeotropic dual working fluid. The outlet of the working fluid chamber 32113 is connected to the separator 3212 via a power generation circulation pipe 323, and the inlet is connected to the heat exchange assembly 33 via the power generation circulation pipe 323. Hot water from the spent fuel water tank 10 enters the hot water chamber 32112 through the inlet pipe 21; the hot water in the hot water chamber 32112 exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the working fluid chamber 32113, causing the non-azeotropic dual working fluid to heat up and transform into a gaseous working fluid and a liquid working fluid; then the hot water after heat exchange is transported back to the spent fuel water tank 10 through the outlet pipe 22.

[0028] For reference Figure 5 In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 3211 may also include heat exchange tubes 32114. The housing body 32111 has a hollow structure and defines a hot water chamber 32112. The heat exchange tubes 32114 are disposed inside the housing body 32111 and define a working fluid chamber 32113. Understandably, hot water enters the hot water chamber 32112, and the heat exchange tubes 32114 are immersed in the hot water. The temperature of the hot water is transferred through the tube wall of the heat exchange tubes 32114 to the non-azeotropic dual working fluid inside the heat exchange tubes 32114. Therefore, the temperature of the non-azeotropic dual working fluid rises and it transforms into a gaseous working fluid and a liquid working fluid.

[0029] In some embodiments, the heat exchange tubes 32114 are made of a highly thermally conductive material, which can better absorb heat and carry it away with the air. Examples include copper, copper alloys, and carbon steel. The heat exchange tubes 32114 are arranged in S-shape, N-shape, or in multiple spaced-apart configurations within the hot water chamber 32112. Of course, in other embodiments, the hot water chamber 32112 may also be defined by hot water pipes, which are in contact with the heat exchange tubes 32114, for example, the hot water pipes and heat exchange tubes 32114 may be intertwined.

[0030] Refer again Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the air cooler 3221 may include a housing body 32211, an air flow cavity 32212, a mixing working fluid cavity 32213, and a fan 32214. The housing body 32211 defines the air flow cavity 32212 and the mixing working fluid cavity 32213, with the air flow cavity 32212 enclosing the mixing working fluid cavity 32213. The air flow cavity 32212 and the mixing working fluid cavity 32213 are isolated by the cavity wall of the mixing working fluid cavity 32213. The air flow cavity 32212 is connected to the outside air to facilitate air flow within it. One end of the mixing chamber 32213 is connected to the generator turbine 3213 via the generator circulation pipe 323, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tank 3222 via the generator circulation pipe 323. The gaseous working fluid after power generation enters the mixing chamber 32213 and exchanges heat with the air flow chamber 32212, so that the gaseous and liquid working fluids are cooled and transformed into a non-azeotropic dual working fluid, which is then transported to the liquid storage tank 3222. The fan 32214 is installed in the air flow chamber 32212 to generate negative pressure and guide the outside air into the air flow chamber 32212.

[0031] Refer again Figure 5 In some embodiments, the air cooler 3221 may further include a mixing working fluid pipe 32215. The shell body 32211 is provided with symmetrical air inlets and outlets to facilitate air entry and exit. The shell body 32211 has a hollow structure and defines an air flow cavity 32212. The mixing working fluid pipe 32215 is installed inside the shell body 32211, defining a mixing working fluid cavity 32213. Both ends of the mixing working fluid pipe 32215 are connected to the generator turbine 3213 and the liquid storage tank 3222 respectively via a generator circulation pipe 323. A fan 32214 is installed inside the shell body 32211. Understandably, the gaseous working fluid generated by the generator turbine 3213 enters the mixing working fluid pipe 32215, and the gaseous working fluid transfers heat to the pipe wall of the mixing working fluid pipe 32215. The fan 32214 guides air into the shell body 32211 (air flow chamber 32212), and the air carries away the heat from the wall of the mixed working fluid pipe 32215 and guides the heat out of the shell body 32211, so that the temperature of the gas working fluid is reduced and cooled to transform into a non-azeotropic dual working fluid.

[0032] In some embodiments, the mixing working fluid tube 32215 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, which can better absorb heat and carry it away by the air. For example, copper, copper alloy, carbon steel, etc. The mixing working fluid tube 32215 is arranged in an S-shape, N-shape, or multiple spaced-apart structure within the airflow cavity 32212.

[0033] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the heat exchange assembly 33 may include a primary regenerator 331, a secondary regenerator 332, an exhaust heater 333, an absorber 334, a solution pipe 335, and an exhaust pipe. The primary regenerator 331, the exhaust heater 333, and the secondary regenerator 332 are sequentially arranged on the power generation circulation pipe 323, which connects the inlet end of the working fluid chamber 32113 to the outlet end of the working fluid pump 3223. Furthermore, the separator 3212, the primary regenerator 331, the secondary regenerator 332, and the absorber 334 are sequentially connected via the solution pipe 335. Additionally, the power generation turbine 3213, the exhaust heater 333, and the absorber 334 are sequentially connected via the exhaust pipe. The absorber 334 is arranged on the power generation circulation pipe 323, which connects the power generation turbine 3213 and the air cooler 3221.

[0034] Understandably, the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the storage tank 3222, transported by the working fluid pump 3223, sequentially enters the secondary regenerator 332, the extraction heater 333, and the primary regenerator 331, thus being returned to the working fluid chamber 32113. The liquid working fluid separated by the separator 3212 sequentially enters the primary regenerator 331, the secondary regenerator 332, and the absorber 334. When the liquid working fluid enters the primary regenerator 331 and the secondary regenerator 332, it exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic dual working fluid entering the primary regenerator 331 and the secondary regenerator 332, thus initially heating (regenerating) the non-azeotropic dual working fluid. Part of the gaseous working fluid after power generation by the generator turbine 3213 sequentially enters the extraction heater 333 and the absorber 334; the gaseous working fluid entering the extraction heater 333 exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic dual working fluid entering the extraction heater 333, thus initially heating (regenerating) the non-azeotropic dual working fluid. The gaseous working fluid after power generation, the gaseous working fluid after heat exchange, and the liquid working fluid after heat exchange enter the absorber 334 for mixing, and then enter the air cooler 3221 after mixing.

[0035] It can also be understood that the liquid working fluid separated by separator 3212 flows sequentially through primary regenerator 331 and secondary regenerator 332, which can passively heat the non-azeotropic dual working fluid delivered by working fluid pump 3223. The gaseous working fluid generated by the generator turbine 3213 is actively pumped to the extraction heater 333, which can actively heat the non-azeotropic dual working fluid delivered by working fluid pump 3223.

[0036] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the primary regenerator 331 may include a first housing 3311, a hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312, and a hot working fluid chamber 3313. The first housing 3311 defines the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312 and the hot working fluid chamber 3313, with the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312 enclosing the hot working fluid chamber 3313 and isolating them by the walls of the hot working fluid chamber 3313. The inlet and outlet of the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312 are connected to the separator 3212 and the secondary regenerator 332 via solution pipes 335, respectively. The inlet and outlet of the hot working fluid chamber 3313 are connected to the inlet of the working fluid chamber 32113 and the exhaust heater 333 via power generation circulation pipes 323, respectively. Understandably, the liquid working fluid separated by separator 3212 enters the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312, and the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the process of being transported by working fluid pump 3223 enters the hot working fluid chamber 3313. The heat of the liquid working fluid in the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312 is transferred to the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the hot working fluid chamber 3313, causing the non-azeotropic dual working fluid to heat up and regenerate. After the non-azeotropic dual working fluid heats up and regenerates, it enters the working fluid chamber 32113.

[0037] continue Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the primary regenerator 331 may further include a heat working fluid tube 3314 disposed within a first housing 3311. The first housing 3311 has a hollow structure and defines a hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312. The heat working fluid tube 3314 is disposed within the first housing 3311 and defines a hot liquid working fluid chamber 3313. Understandably, a liquid working fluid enters the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312, and the heat working fluid tube 3314 is immersed in the liquid working fluid. The tube wall of the heat working fluid tube 3314 absorbs heat and transfers it to the non-azeotropic dual working fluid inside the tube.

[0038] In some embodiments, the heat transfer tube 3314 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, which can better absorb heat and carry it away by the air. For example, copper, copper alloy, carbon steel, etc. The heat transfer tube 3314 is arranged in an S-shape, N-shape, or multiple spaced-apart structure within the heat transfer chamber 3313.

[0039] Refer again Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the secondary regenerator 332 may include a second housing 3321, a warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322, and a cold working fluid chamber 3323. The second housing 3321 defines the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322 and the cold working fluid chamber 3323, with the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322 enclosing the cold working fluid chamber 3323 and isolating them by the wall of the cold working fluid chamber 3323. The inlet of the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322 is connected to the outlet of the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312 via a solution pipe 335, and the outlet of the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322 is connected to the absorber 334 via a solution pipe 335. The inlet of the cold working fluid chamber 3323 is connected to the working fluid pump 3223 via a power generation circulation pipe 323, and the outlet is connected to the exhaust heater 333 via a power generation circulation pipe 323. Understandably, after heat exchange, the liquid working medium entering the hot liquid working medium chamber 3312 enters the warm liquid working medium chamber 3322. The working medium pump 3223 transports the non-azeotropic dual working medium in the storage tank 3222 to the cold working medium chamber 3323. The liquid working medium in the warm liquid working medium chamber 3322 exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic dual working medium in the cold working medium chamber 3323, so that the non-azeotropic dual working medium regenerates heat and rises in temperature. The non-azeotropic dual working medium regenerates heat and rises in temperature and is then transported to the hot working medium chamber 3313.

[0040] Continue to refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the secondary regenerator 332 may further include a cold working fluid pipe 3324 disposed in the second housing 3321. The cold working fluid pipe 3324 defines a cold working fluid chamber 3323. The inlet end of the cold working fluid pipe 3324 is connected to the working fluid pump 3223 via a power generation circulation pipe 323, and the outlet end is connected to the exhaust heater 333 via the power generation circulation pipe 323. The second housing 3321 has a hollow internal structure and defines a warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322. The second housing 3321 is connected to the outlet end of the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312 via a solution pipe 335, and the second housing 3321 is also connected to the absorber 334 via a solution pipe 335. After heat exchange, the liquid working medium in the hot liquid working medium chamber 3312 enters the warm liquid working medium chamber 3322. The cold working medium tube 3324 is immersed in the liquid working medium in the warm liquid working medium chamber 3322. The medium in the cold working medium tube 3324 exchanges heat with the liquid working medium in the warm liquid working medium chamber 3322, so that the non-azeotropic dual working medium can regenerate and rise in temperature.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cooling working fluid tube 3324 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, which can better absorb heat and carry it away by the air. For example, copper, copper alloy, carbon steel, etc. The cooling working fluid tubes 3324 are arranged in S-shape, N-shape, or multiple spaced structures within the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322.

[0042] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the exhaust heater 333 may include a third housing 3331, a warm gas working fluid chamber 3332, and a warm working fluid chamber 3333. The third housing 3331 defines the warm gas working fluid chamber 3332 and the warm working fluid chamber 3333, with the warm gas working fluid chamber 3332 enclosing the warm working fluid chamber 3333 and isolating them by the walls of the warm working fluid chamber 3333. The inlet of the warm gas working fluid chamber 3332 is connected to the generator turbine 3213 via an exhaust pipe, and the outlet is connected to the absorber 334 via an exhaust pipe. The inlet of the warm working fluid chamber 3333 is connected to the outlet of the cold working fluid chamber 3323 of the secondary regenerator 332 via a generator circulation pipe 323, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the hot working fluid chamber 3313 of the primary regenerator 331 via a generator circulation pipe 323. Understandably, the gaseous working fluid generated by the power generation turbine 3213 enters the warm gaseous working fluid chamber 3332. After heat exchange, the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the cold working fluid chamber 3323 enters the warm working fluid chamber 3333. The non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the warm working fluid chamber 3333 exchanges heat with the gaseous working fluid in the warm gaseous working fluid chamber 3332 and is heated. Then, the gaseous working fluid cooled by heat exchange enters the absorber 334. The non-azeotropic dual working fluid heated by heat exchange enters the hot working fluid tube 3314 of the first-stage regenerator 331.

[0043] Refer again Figure 4 In some embodiments, the exhaust heater 333 may further include a warm working fluid pipe 3334 disposed within a third housing 3331, defining a warm working fluid chamber 3333. The inlet end of the warm working fluid pipe 3334 is connected to the outlet end of the cold working fluid chamber 3323 via a power generation circulation pipe 323, and the outlet end of the warm working fluid pipe 3334 is connected to the inlet end of the hot working fluid chamber 3313 via a power generation circulation pipe 323. The interior of the third housing 3331 is hollow and defines a warm gas working fluid chamber 3332. The third housing 3331 is connected to the power generation turbine 3213 via an exhaust pipe, and the third housing 3331 is also connected to the absorber 334 via an exhaust pipe. The gaseous working medium entering the warm gas working medium chamber 3332 is wrapped to contact the outside of the warm working medium tube 3334. The non-azeotropic dual working medium entering the warm working medium chamber 3333 exchanges heat with the gaseous working medium in the warm gas working medium chamber 3332 to increase its temperature, thereby reducing the heating time of the non-azeotropic dual working medium in the heat exchanger 3211.

[0044] In some embodiments, the heated working fluid tube 3334 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, which can better absorb heat and carry it away by the air. For example, copper, copper alloy, carbon steel, etc. The heated working fluid tube 3334 is arranged in an S-shape, N-shape, or multiple spaced structures within the heated gas working fluid chamber 3332.

[0045] Specifically, the liquid working fluid separated by separator 3212 sequentially enters the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312, the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322, and the absorber 334. Part of the gaseous working fluid generated by the generator turbine 3213 enters the warm gas working fluid chamber 3332 and then the absorber 334. The non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the storage tank 3222, transported by the working fluid pump 3223, sequentially enters the cold working fluid chamber 3323, the warm working fluid chamber 3333, and the hot working fluid chamber 3313, finally entering the working fluid chamber 32113. Specifically, the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the cold working fluid chamber 3323 exchanges heat with the liquid working fluid in the warm liquid working fluid chamber 3322, and the non-azeotropic dual working fluid is heated and enters the warm working fluid chamber 3333; the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the warm working fluid chamber 3333 exchanges heat with the gas working fluid in the warm gas working fluid chamber 3332, and the non-azeotropic dual working fluid is heated again and enters the hot working fluid chamber 3313; the non-azeotropic dual working fluid in the hot working fluid chamber 3313 exchanges heat with the liquid working fluid in the hot liquid working fluid chamber 3312, and the non-azeotropic dual working fluid enters the working fluid chamber 32113 after three heat exchange heating processes.

[0046] The self-cooling safety system for waste heat power generation in this waste pool differs from the Rankine system in related technologies in that: 1. This application uses a non-azeotropic dual-working-substrate system, while the Rankine system uses a single working-substrate system; 2. Compared with the Rankine system, this application adds a first-stage regenerator 331. The heat of the liquid working fluid separated by the separator 3212 is transferred by the first-stage regenerator 331 to the non-azeotropic dual working fluid delivered by the working fluid pump 3223. 3. Compared with the Rankine system, this application adds a secondary regenerator 332. The heat of the liquid working medium separated by the separator 3212 is exchanged by the primary regenerator 331 and then enters the secondary regenerator 332. The heat of the liquid working medium is exchanged again by the secondary regenerator 332 to the non-azeotropic dual working medium delivered by the working medium pump 3223. 4. Compared with the Rankine system, this application adds a vacuum heater 333. The vacuum heater 333 draws the working gas in the power generation into the vacuum heater 333, and the heat of the working gas drawn into the vacuum heater 333 is transferred to the non-azeotropic dual working gas delivered by the working gas pump 3223.

[0047] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can freely combine the above-mentioned technical features without departing from the concept of the present invention, and can also make several modifications and improvements, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spent fuel pool waste heat power generation self-cooling safety system, characterized by, The application relates to a nuclear power generation system. The nuclear power generation system comprises a spent fuel pool (10) filled with hot water, a water pump assembly (20) connected to the spent fuel pool (10), a power generation system (30) comprising a power generation assembly (32) and a heat exchange assembly (33), wherein the power generation assembly (32) is connected to the water pump assembly (20), the heat exchange assembly (33) is connected to the power generation assembly (32), and the heat exchange assembly (33) is in heat exchange cooperation with part of the power generation assembly (32). The power generation assembly (32) comprises a heat exchange power generation module (321), a condensation and delivery module (322) and a power generation cycle pipe (323). The power generation cycle pipe (323) forms a cycle loop, the heat exchange power generation module (321) and the condensation and delivery module (322) are arranged on the cycle loop, and the heat exchange power generation module (321) is connected to the water pump assembly (20).

2. The spent pool waste heat power generating self-cooled safety system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange power generation module (321) is filled with non-azeotropic binary working medium, the water pump assembly (20) circulates and delivers the hot water in the spent fuel pool (10) to the heat exchange power generation module (321), the non-azeotropic binary working medium exchanges heat with the hot water in the heat exchange power generation module (321) and is converted into gaseous working medium and liquid working medium to reduce the temperature of the hot water, and the gaseous working medium generates power in the heat exchange power generation module (321); the liquid working medium and / or part of the gaseous working medium in the power generation enters the heat exchange assembly (33). The condensation and delivery module (322) is used for cooling the gaseous working medium and the liquid working medium to be converted back into the non-azeotropic binary working medium and delivered back into the heat exchange power generation module (321), and the gaseous working medium and the liquid working medium exchange heat with the liquid working medium and / or part of the gaseous working medium in the power generation in the heat exchange assembly (33) during the delivery process. The heat exchange power generation module (321) comprises a heat exchanger (3211), a separator (3212) and a power generation turbine (3213) arranged on the cycle loop in sequence, and the non-azeotropic binary working medium is filled in the heat exchanger (3211). The condensation and delivery module (322) comprises an air cooler (3221), a liquid storage tank (3222) and a working medium pump (3223) and is arranged on the cycle loop in sequence and connected between the outlet end of the power generation turbine (3213) and the heat exchanger (3211).

3. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooling safety system according to claim 2, characterized by, The heat exchange assembly (33) comprises a primary regenerator (331), an absorber (334) and a solution pipe (335).

4. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooling safety system according to claim 3, characterized by, ​ 5. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooling safety system according to claim 4, characterized in that, ​ Two ends of the primary regenerator (331) are communicated with the separator (3212) and the absorber (334) through the solution pipeline (335), and the primary regenerator (331) is further communicated with the power generation cycle pipeline (323) arranged between the working medium pump (3223) and the heat exchanger (3211); the absorber (334) is arranged on the power generation cycle pipeline (323) between the power generation turbine (3213) and the air cooler (3221).

6. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooling safety system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly (33) further comprises a secondary regenerator (332), which is arranged on the solution pipeline (335) between the primary regenerator (331) and the absorber (334), and the secondary regenerator (332) is further arranged on the power generation cycle pipeline (323) between the working medium pump (3223) and the primary regenerator (331).

7. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooled safety system according to claim 6, characterized by, The heat exchange assembly (33) further comprises an exhaust heater (333) and an exhaust pipeline, two ends of the exhaust heater (333) are communicated with the power generation turbine (3213) and the absorber (334) through the exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust heater (333) is further arranged on the power generation cycle pipeline (323) communicated between the secondary regenerator (332) and the primary regenerator (331).

8. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooling safety system according to claim 4, characterized by, The water pump assembly (20) comprises a water inlet pipe (21), a water outlet pipe (22), a water pump (23) and a valve (24). Two ends of the water inlet pipe (21) and two ends of the water outlet pipe (22) are communicated with hot water in the heat exchanger (3211) and the spent fuel pool (10) respectively, the water pump (23) is arranged on the water inlet pipe (21), and the valve (24) is arranged on the water inlet pipe (21) communicated between the water pump (23) and the heat exchanger (3211).

9. The spent pool waste heat generation self-cooled safety system according to claim 7, wherein, The heat exchanger (3211) comprises a box body (32111), a hot water cavity (32112) and a working medium cavity (32113), the hot water cavity (32112) and the working medium cavity (32113) are defined in the box body (32111) respectively, the hot water cavity (32112) is communicated with the water pump assembly (20), the working medium cavity (32113) stores the non-azeotropic binary working medium, one end of the working medium cavity (32113) is communicated with the separator (3212), and the other end is communicated with the heat exchange assembly (33). Or / and, the air cooler (3221) comprises a shell body (32211), an air flow cavity (32212), a mixed working medium cavity (32213) and a fan (32214); the shell body (32211) defines the air flow cavity (32212) and the mixed working medium cavity (32213) respectively, the air flow cavity (32212) is wrapped in the mixed working medium cavity (32213), and the cavity wall of the mixed working medium cavity (32213) separates the two; one end of the mixed working medium cavity (32213) is communicated with the power generation turbine (3213), and the other end is communicated with the liquid storage tank (3222); the fan (32214) is arranged in the air flow cavity (32212).

10. The spent pool waste heat power generating self-cooled safety system of claim 9, wherein, The first-stage regenerator (331) comprises a first box body (3311), a hot liquid working medium cavity (3312) and a hot working medium cavity (3313); the first box body (3311) defines the hot liquid working medium cavity (3312) and the hot working medium cavity (3313) respectively, the hot liquid working medium cavity (3312) wraps the hot working medium cavity (3313), and the two are separated by the cavity wall of the hot working medium cavity (3313); Both ends of the hot liquid working medium cavity (3312) are communicated to the separator (3212) and the second-stage regenerator (332) respectively; both ends of the hot working medium cavity (3313) are communicated to the working medium cavity (32113) and the air extraction heater (333) respectively; Or / and, the second-stage regenerator (332) comprises a second box body (3321), a warm liquid working medium cavity (3322) and a cold working medium cavity (3323); the second box body (3321) defines the warm liquid working medium cavity (3322) and the cold working medium cavity (3323) respectively, the warm liquid working medium cavity (3322) wraps the cold working medium cavity (3323), and the two are separated by the cavity wall of the cold working medium cavity (3323); One end of the warm liquid working medium cavity (3322) is communicated with the hot liquid working medium cavity (3312), and the other end is communicated with the absorber (334); one end of the cold working medium cavity (3323) is communicated with the working medium pump (3223), and the other end is communicated with the air extraction heater (333); Or / and, the air extraction heater (333) comprises a third box (3331), a warm gas working medium cavity (3332) and a warm working medium cavity (3333); the third box (3331) defines the warm gas working medium cavity (3332) and the warm working medium cavity (3333) respectively, the warm gas working medium cavity (3332) wraps the warm working medium cavity (3333) and is isolated from the warm working medium cavity (3333) by the cavity wall of the warm working medium cavity (3333); one end of the warm gas working medium cavity (3332) is communicated with the power generation turbine (3213) and the other end is communicated with the absorber (334); one end of the warm working medium cavity (3333) is communicated with the cold working medium cavity (3323) and the other end is communicated with the hot working medium cavity (3313).

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