An electrically powered translational smoke hood

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of electric translational fume hoods, belong to fume hood technical field.It include controller, fume hood body, supporting leg, walking guide mechanism, walking mechanism, smoke pipe unit and filter cartridge dust collector;The walking guide mechanism includes two side opposite rail seats, the rail seat is bridged and fixed on cross brace by angle seat;The inside of the cross brace is fixed with rack and hanging guide rail;The walking mechanism includes the reducer of T type fixed on the top of fume hood body, the input end of the reducer is connected with servo motor;Two output ends of the reducer are installed with light shaft by shaft coupling, the light shaft passes through multiple guide bearings movably, and the walking gear engaged with rack is fixed on both ends of the light shaft, the electric translational fume hood of the application, according to welding robot stroke control fume hood body beforehand enters smoke dust area range, and carries out large-area fume collection, and carries out fine fume collection on the basis of large-area fume collection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention specifically relates to an electrically operated translational smoke hood, belonging to the field of smoke hood technology. Background Technology

[0002] When welding workpieces, appropriate fume collection equipment is required to collect welding fumes. In existing technologies, flexible arms are often used to adapt the stroke. The movement and rotation of the flexible arm allow for the extension, twisting, and hovering of the dust collection position. However, when the welding position changes or when welding large engineering equipment, the welding stroke is large, and existing fume collection equipment cannot adapt to the collection of welding fumes. The dust removal effect of the dust collector is affected or cannot be achieved. To address this, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN104526201B discloses a universal flexible arm, including a rotary connector, a flexible arm, and a dust collection hood. The lower part of the rotary connector is fixed to a dust collector. The upper end is connected to the flexible arm; the welding fume extractor of the present invention can solve the problems of welding large workpieces and being unable to be used at a long distance. Through the 360° rotation of the flexible arm in the horizontal space, the flexible arm and the moving support can realize dust removal operations in different directions and at different heights, as well as long-distance dust removal; however, this structure is only suitable for point-to-point fume collection and cannot be used for area dust removal of large workpieces; therefore, in the prior art, there is still no good collection measure for fumes in long-stroke welding situations, and the use of fixed area fume hoods for dust collection cannot adapt to dynamic welding position following and cannot avoid the problem of interference between the frame column and the workpiece hoisting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an electrically operated translational fume hood. Based on the stroke of the welding robot, the fume hood is pre-positioned within the fume and dust area for large-area fume collection, followed by refined fume collection based on this large-area collection.

[0004] The electrically operated translational smoke hood of the present invention comprises:

[0005] Controller for overall machine control;

[0006] Smoke hood;

[0007] The support legs are provided in four sets and arranged in a square shape at the four corners on the ground. Each support leg includes a column, and the top of the column is fixed with a horizontal brace by a triangular plate.

[0008] A traveling guide mechanism includes two rail seats facing each other on both sides, which are fixed to the cross brace by corner brackets; a rack and a hanging guide rail are fixed to the inner side of the cross brace.

[0009] The walking mechanism includes a T-shaped reducer fixed to the top of the smoke hood, with a servo motor connected to the input end of the reducer; optical shafts are mounted on the two output ends of the reducer via couplings, the optical shafts movably pass through multiple guide bearings, and walking gears meshing with racks are fixed at both ends of the optical shafts; the guide bearings are fixed to the top of the smoke hood; and mounting sliders that slide in cooperation with mounting guide rails are fixed on both sides of the smoke hood.

[0010] The smoke duct unit includes two ABS air inlets fitted and fixed to the top of the smoke collection hood. The ABS air inlets are connected to a connecting hose via a converging air duct. The other end of the connecting hose is connected to the main air duct. The axis of the connecting hose is parallel to the length direction of the hanging guide rail.

[0011] A cartridge dust collector, wherein the cartridge dust collector is fixed to the outside of the support legs, and the main air duct is connected to the air inlet of the cartridge dust collector.

[0012] The translation of the fume hood is driven by a rack and pinion transmission system. The controller reads the encoder signal from the reducer and calculates the current translation coordinates of the fume hood in real time to determine the specific position of the fume hood in the work space. Before welding, the controller obtains the workpiece hoisting path and parking area coordinates for the current batch of workpieces. For example, the hoisting area X=1-1.5m, Y=0.5-1.0m, and sets this area as a dynamic avoidance area. The fume hood needs to leave this work area until the hoisting is completed before entering the area for welding operations.

[0013] Furthermore, one or more welding robots are installed on the inner side of the support leg. The welding robots are connected to the welding host, which is communicatively connected to the controller. The welding host converts the welding sequence and welding stroke instructions of the welding robots into dynamic position data of the fume hood. The controller receives the dynamic position data and drives the walking mechanism to complete the instruction response. Through the cooperation of the welding host and the controller, the traveling position and welding position of the welding robots can be obtained, thereby realizing real-time linkage between welding and dust collection.

[0014] Furthermore, the smoke collection hood is made of polycarbonate sheet, and a lighting system is fixed to the top inside the smoke collection hood.

[0015] Furthermore, guide wheels are fixed on both sides of the smoke collection hood and the side of the hanging slider, and the guide wheels are installed in a rolling fit with the hanging guide rail; the wear of the hanging slider is reduced by the guide wheels moving along the hanging guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an X-axis detection seat and a Y-axis detection seat, which are fixed to a set of adjacent sides on the bottom inner side of the smoke hood. The X-axis and Y-axis detection seats are provided with slide rails, on which multiple inclined sliders are slidably arranged. The back of each inclined slider is fixed to the X-axis and Y-axis detection seats. An infrared smoke concentration sensor is fixed to the top surface of each inclined slider. Side swing plates are hinged to both sides of the smoke hood, and a rubber sheet is fixed to the top of each side swing plate, with the top of the rubber sheet fixed to the top inner side of the smoke hood. A swing unit is provided between the side swing plates and the smoke hood, and the swing unit includes multiple sets of connecting plates hinged between the side swing plates and the smoke hood in a V-shape, with the bottom of each set of connecting plates hinged to a shaft. A lifting unit is fixed to the inner wall of the smoke hood, and the lifting unit is fixed to the shaft. A fire-resistant insulation cloth is provided between the bottom of the side swing plates and the inner wall of the smoke hood.

[0017] During detection, the density signals from each group of infrared fume concentration sensors are collected differentially. Threshold filtering and region fusion are used to pinpoint the concentrated fume area. The fume hood is pre-positioned around the welding area of ​​the welding robot for rough fume collection. Then, precise fume collection is achieved through accurate identification of the fume area. Specifically: multiple groups of infrared fume concentration sensors are arranged in a ring or adjacent sides at the bottom inside the fume hood. The detection direction of adjacent groups is 45° downwards, forming a complete detection surface. Each group of infrared fume concentration sensors has a detection angle of 60°, partially overlapping with the detection range of adjacent infrared fume concentration sensors (15% overlap). During welding, each group of infrared fume concentration sensors synchronously collects fume density data in its detection area in real time at a sampling frequency of 10Hz to ensure dynamic capture of the fume diffusion trajectory. The controller performs real-time filtering of each group of data, as follows:

[0018] The dust concentration threshold is set at 50 mg / m³. 3 This threshold can be adjusted via the controller. If the detection value of a single infrared dust concentration sensor is ≥50mg / m³, the threshold will be adjusted accordingly. 3 The area covered by the infrared smoke and dust concentration sensor is determined to be the effective area for smoke and dust; if the detected value is <50mg / m³ 3Once a smoke-free area is identified, the next step is to calculate the area boundary. Specifically, the controller performs coordinate fitting on all effective dust areas to automatically synthesize the smoke area boundary. During fitting, a unique coordinate identifier is assigned to each group of infrared smoke concentration sensors. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the smoke hood as the origin. The X-axis is parallel to the length direction of the smoke hood, and the Y-axis is parallel to the width direction. For example, sensor 1 corresponds to a 60° sector area centered at 0.9m and 0m, sensor 2 corresponds to a sector area centered at 0.78m and 0.45m, and so on. The coordinates of each group of infrared smoke concentration sensors cover the entire detection surface below the air intake. The controller extracts the sensor coordinates of all effective areas and uses a polygon fitting algorithm to stitch the discrete effective areas into a continuous area boundary. If only 1-2 groups of infrared smoke concentration sensors detect an effective area, the synthesized area is a minimum range of 0.5-1.0m², focusing on a single point or a small area. Surrounding smoke and dust; if 3 to 4 sets of infrared smoke and dust concentration sensors detect effective smoke and dust, a medium area of ​​1.0-2.5m² is synthesized; if 5 to 6 sets of infrared smoke and dust concentration sensors all detect effective smoke and dust, a maximum area of ​​2.5-3.6m² is synthesized, adapting to large-area smoke and dust diffusion scenarios. After completing the area boundary fitting, the smoke and dust area is obtained. Then, two swing plates are controlled to form a narrowed smoke collection port, which covers the periphery of the smoke and dust area. During the smoke and dust area fitting, the area is dynamically updated in real time. The infrared smoke and dust concentration sensors continuously collect data and update the detection value every 0.1s. The controller synchronously refreshes the smoke and dust area boundary: if the smoke and dust diffuses in a certain direction, after the sensor detection value in the corresponding direction reaches the standard, the area is automatically included in the smoke and dust range, and the boundary expands in real time; if the smoke and dust density in some areas drops below the threshold, the area automatically exits the smoke and dust area range, and the boundary shrinks synchronously, ensuring that the smoke collection port always accurately fits the smoke and dust concentration area.

[0019] When welding fumes are detected, the side swing plate adjusts its opening and closing angle according to the target area boundary defined by the controller; the variable frequency fan of the cartridge dust collector outputs the corresponding wind speed according to the dust density, forming a targeted negative pressure field below the ABS suction port. Under the action of negative pressure, the dust is guided into the smoke pipe unit through the ABS suction port, and finally flows into the medium and low pressure cartridge dust collector for filtration, thus preventing the dust from spreading.

[0020] When detecting smoke and dust density, the infrared smoke and dust concentration sensor uses an 8-14μm detection band with a measurement range of 0-1500mg / m³. 3 Accuracy ±3mg / m 3 The infrared dust concentration sensor is equipped with a PU high-temperature resistant and anti-welding slag protective cover. The data from each group of infrared dust concentration sensors are weighted and calculated to output the average and peak dust density in the target area in real time. The data is transmitted to the controller, which adjusts the power of the cartridge dust collector according to the dust concentration, making it more energy-efficient.

[0021] Furthermore, the lifting unit is a cylinder driver or a linear lifting electric slide; the smoke collection hood is fixed with a grating ruler outside the lifting unit, and the lifting end of the lifting unit is fixed with a reading head, which is installed in conjunction with the grating ruler; during the lifting process of the lifting unit, the reading head is driven to move synchronously up and down along the grating ruler, thereby accurately detecting the linear lifting distance of the lifting unit, and the controller can match the lifting distance with the opening and closing angle of the side swing plate; so that the smoke collection port can cover and be close to the smoke and dust area.

[0022] Furthermore, both the X-axis and Y-axis detection seats are fixed with electric lead screw slides on their backs. Two inclined sliders are slidably arranged on the slide rails, and the two sliding ends of the electric lead screw slides are fixed to the two inclined sliders respectively. Two sets of infrared dust concentration sensors are arranged in both the X and Y axes, which can achieve accurate capture of dust density gradient and millisecond-level synthesis of directional areas. Specifically, the electric lead screw slides drive the two sets of infrared dust concentration sensors on the corresponding axes to slide synchronously towards or away from each other, realizing dynamic detection of dust, thereby enabling continuous dynamic detection of dust concentration and dust area in the area covered by the smoke collection hood.

[0023] Furthermore, two intermediate swing plates are hinged to the top of the inner side of the smoke collection hood between the two ABS air inlets; a swing unit is installed between the two intermediate swing plates; the lifting unit of the swing unit is fixed to the inner wall of the smoke collection hood; when two smoke and dust areas appear, the lifting unit drives the two intermediate swing plates to move, and the side swing plates swing synchronously to achieve synchronous and precise alignment of the two smoke and dust areas.

[0024] Furthermore, the controller controls the smoke collection hood to move to the smoke collection area for smoke collection, and the cartridge dust collector performs area smoke collection. Then, the infrared dust concentration sensor acquires the dust concentration and the dust area. Next, the controller controls the operating frequency of the cartridge dust collector's inverter based on the dust concentration. Simultaneously, the controller controls the lifting unit to perform lifting and lowering actions. The lifting unit drives the side swing plate to swing through the connecting plate, so that the smoke collection hood and the two swing plates form a narrowed smoke collection port, which covers the periphery of the dust area. During operation, the controller drives the smoke collection hood to move to the smoke collection area according to the welding position. Then, the controller controls the cartridge dust collector to collect smoke. While the cartridge dust collector is collecting and removing dust, the controller controls the lifting unit to perform lifting and lowering actions based on the dust concentration and dust area detected by the infrared dust concentration sensor, so that the swing plate forms a smoke collection port covering the dust area, and controls the operating frequency of the cartridge dust collector's inverter based on the dust concentration.

[0025] Furthermore, stacked roller shutters are fixed between the columns; the stacked roller shutters can create a sealed enclosure around the columns, which not only facilitates the smooth entry and exit of workpieces into the processing area, but also forms a sealed enclosure around the outside of the cover during welding.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the electric translational smoke hood of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. To ensure effective smoke collection and prevent dust from escaping, the smoke collection hood is pre-positioned in the smoke collection area during the initial stage of dust removal, enabling large-area smoke collection. Then, dynamic monitoring of the smoke area and density is conducted to achieve refined smoke collection and ensure effective smoke collection. At the same time, prolonged disturbance to the surrounding smoke-free space is avoided.

[0028] 2. More energy-efficient operation: During dust density detection, the data from each group of infrared dust concentration sensors are weighted and calculated to output the average and peak dust density in the target area in real time. The controller adjusts the power of the cartridge dust collector according to the dust concentration. In addition, the wind speed is adjusted according to the area of ​​the dust collection port, which is more energy-efficient than using a constant wind speed.

[0029] 3. For long-stroke robotic welding operations, targeted and precise collection of fumes is achieved. It does not rely on the welding torch for positioning, but directly locks onto the area based on the distribution of fumes, solving the problem of incomplete coverage by conventional collection methods.

[0030] 4. No machine shutdown is required when handling welding fumes. The dynamic adjustment of the air intake and the horizontal movement of the fume hood work together without affecting the efficiency of workers. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support legs, the top plate of the translational smoke hood, the walking guide mechanism, and the installation structure of the walking mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric translational smoke collection hood according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A top view of the structure without the rail base installed.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the smoke collection hood in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis detection seat and Y-axis detection seat cooperation structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the swing unit of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the swing unit of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of each component on the Y-axis detection seat in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the smoke collection hood in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals: 1. Smoke hood body; 2. Column; 3. Horizontal brace; 4. Rail base; 5. Rack; 6. Hanging guide rail; 7. Reducer; 8. Servo motor; 9. Optical axis; 10. Guide bearing; 11. Travel gear; 12. Hanging slider; 13. ABS air intake; 14. Travel guide wheel; 15. Connecting hose; 16. Main air duct; 17. Cartridge dust collector; 18. Combining air duct; 19. X-axis detection seat; 20. Y-axis detection seat; 21. Inclined slider; 22. Infrared smoke and dust concentration sensor; 23. Side swing plate; 24. Rubber sheet; 25. Swing unit; 26. Connecting plate; 27. Shaft; 28. Lifting unit; 29. ​​Fire-resistant isolation cloth; 30. Electric screw slide table; 31. Middle swing plate; 32. Elastic isolation cover. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 The electrically operated translational smoke hood shown includes:

[0043] Controller for overall machine control;

[0044] Smoke hood body 1;

[0045] The support legs are provided in four sets and arranged in a square shape at the four corners on the ground. Each support leg includes a column 2, and the top of the column 2 is fixed with a cross brace 3 by a triangular plate.

[0046] The walking guide mechanism includes two side-facing rail seats 4, which are fixed to the cross brace 3 by corner brackets; a rack 5 and a hanging guide rail 6 are fixed inside the cross brace 3.

[0047] The walking mechanism includes a T-shaped reducer 7 fixed to the top of the smoke hood 1, with a servo motor 8 connected to the input end of the reducer 7; optical shafts 9 are mounted on the two output ends of the reducer 7 via couplings, the optical shafts 9 movably pass through multiple guide bearings 10, and walking gears 11 that mesh with racks 5 are fixed at both ends of the optical shafts 9; the guide bearings 10 are fixed to the top of the smoke hood 1; and hanging sliders 12 that slide in cooperation with hanging guide rails 6 are fixed on both sides of the smoke hood 1.

[0048] The smoke duct unit includes two ABS air inlets 13 that are fitted and fixed to the top of the smoke collection hood 1. The ABS air inlets 13 are connected to the connecting hose 15 through the converging air duct 18. The other end of the connecting hose 15 is connected to the main air duct 16. The axis of the connecting hose 15 is parallel to the length direction of the hanging guide rail 6.

[0049] The cartridge dust collector 17 is fixed to the outside of the support legs, and the main air duct 16 is connected to the air inlet of the cartridge dust collector 17.

[0050] The translation of the fume hood 1 is driven by the transmission system of rack 5 and traveling gear 11. The controller reads the encoder signal of the reducer 7 and calculates the current translation coordinates of the fume hood in real time to determine the specific position of the fume hood 1 in the work space. Before welding, the controller obtains the workpiece hoisting path and parking area coordinates of the current batch of workpieces. For example, the hoisting area X=1-1.5m, Y=0.5-1.0m, and sets this area as a dynamic avoidance area. The fume hood 1 needs to leave this work area until the hoisting is completed before entering the area for welding operations.

[0051] One or more welding robots are installed on the inner side of the support legs. The welding robots are connected to the welding host. The welding host is communicatively connected to the controller. The welding host converts the welding sequence and welding stroke instructions of the welding robots into dynamic position data of the fume hood 1. The controller receives the dynamic position data and drives the walking mechanism to complete the instruction response. Through the cooperation of the welding host and the controller, the traveling position and welding position of the welding robots can be obtained, thereby realizing real-time linkage between welding and dust collection.

[0052] The smoke collection hood 1 is made of polycarbonate sheet, and a lighting system is fixed to the top inner side of the smoke collection hood 1.

[0053] The smoke collection hood 1 has walking guide wheels 14 fixed on both sides and the side of the hanging slider 12. The walking guide wheels 14 are installed in a rolling fit with the hanging guide rail 6. The walking guide wheels 14 move along the hanging guide rail 6 to reduce the wear of the hanging slider 12.

[0054] Stacked roller shutters are fixed between the columns 2; the stacked roller shutters can create a sealed enclosure around the columns 2, which can facilitate the smooth entry and exit of workpieces into and out of the processing area, and can also form a sealed enclosure around the outside of the cover during welding.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] like Figures 4 to 7The electrically operated smoke hood shown also includes an X-axis detection seat 19 and a Y-axis detection seat 20. The X-axis detection seat 19 and the Y-axis detection seat 20 are fixed to a set of adjacent sides at the bottom inner side of the smoke hood body 1. Slide tracks are provided on the X-axis detection seat 19 and the Y-axis detection seat 20, and multiple inclined sliders 21 are slidably arranged on the slide tracks. The back of each inclined slider 21 is fixed to the X-axis detection seat 19 and the Y-axis detection seat 20. An infrared smoke concentration sensor 22 is fixed to the top surface of each inclined slider 21. Side swing plates 23 are hinged to both sides inside the smoke hood body 1. A rubber sheet 24 is fixed to the top of the plate 23, and the top of the rubber sheet 24 is fixed to the top of the inner side of the smoke hood 1; a swing unit 25 is provided between the side swing plate 23 and the smoke hood 1, and the swing unit 25 includes multiple sets of connecting plates 26 hinged between the side swing plate 23 and the smoke hood 1 and arranged in a V-shape, and the bottom of the multiple sets of connecting plates 26 is hinged to the shaft 27; a lifting unit 28 is fixed to the inner wall of the smoke hood 1, and the lifting unit 28 is fixed to the shaft 27; a fire-resistant isolation cloth 29 is provided between the bottom of the side swing plate 23 and the inner wall of the smoke hood 1.

[0057] During detection, the density signals from each group of infrared fume concentration sensors 22 are collected differentially. Threshold filtering and region fusion are used to pinpoint the concentrated fume area. The fume hood 1 is pre-positioned around the welding area of ​​the welding robot for coarse fume collection. Then, precise fume collection is achieved through accurate identification of the fume area. Specifically: multiple groups of infrared fume concentration sensors 22 are arranged in a ring or adjacent arrangement on the bottom inner side of the fume hood 1. The detection direction of adjacent groups is 45° downwards, forming a complete detection surface. Each group of infrared fume concentration sensors 22 has a detection angle of 60°, partially overlapping with the detection range of adjacent infrared fume concentration sensors 22 (overlap rate 15%). During welding, each group of infrared fume concentration sensors 22 synchronously collects fume density data in its detection area in real time at a sampling frequency of 10Hz to ensure dynamic capture of the fume diffusion trajectory. The controller performs real-time filtering of each group of data, as follows:

[0058] The dust concentration threshold is set at 50 mg / m³. 3 This threshold can be adjusted by the controller. If the detection value of a single infrared dust concentration sensor 22 is ≥50mg / m³, the threshold will be adjusted accordingly. 3 The area covered by the infrared smoke and dust concentration sensor 22 is determined to be the effective area for smoke and dust; if the detected value is <50mg / m³ 3Once a smoke-free area is identified, the boundary of the affected area is calculated. Specifically, the controller fits the coordinates of all effective dust areas to automatically synthesize the boundary of the smoke-free area. During fitting, each infrared smoke concentration sensor 22 is assigned a unique coordinate identifier. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the smoke hood as the origin. The X-axis is parallel to the length of the smoke hood, and the Y-axis is parallel to the width. For example, sensor 1 corresponds to a 60° sector area centered at 0.9m and 0m, sensor 2 corresponds to a sector area centered at 0.78m and 0.45m, and so on. The coordinates of each group of infrared smoke concentration sensors 22 cover the entire detection surface below the air intake. The controller extracts the sensor coordinates of all effective areas and uses a polygon fitting algorithm to stitch the discrete effective areas into a continuous boundary. If only 1-2 groups of infrared smoke concentration sensors 22 detect an effective area, the synthesized area is a minimum range of 0.5-1.0m², focusing on a single point or a small area. Surrounding smoke and dust; if 3 to 4 sets of infrared smoke and dust concentration sensors 22 detect effective smoke and dust, a medium area of ​​1.0-2.5m² is synthesized; if 5 to 6 sets of infrared smoke and dust concentration sensors 22 all detect effective smoke and dust, a maximum area of ​​2.5-3.6m² is synthesized, adapting to large-area smoke and dust diffusion scenarios. After completing the area boundary fitting, the smoke and dust area is obtained. Then, two swing plates are controlled to form a narrowed smoke collection port, which covers the periphery of the smoke and dust area. During the smoke and dust area fitting, the area is dynamically updated in real time. The infrared smoke and dust concentration sensors 22 continuously collect data and update the detection value every 0.1s. The controller synchronously refreshes the smoke and dust area boundary: if the smoke and dust diffuses in a certain direction, after the sensor detection value in the corresponding direction reaches the standard, the area is automatically included in the smoke and dust range, and the boundary expands in real time; if the smoke and dust density in some areas drops below the threshold, the area automatically exits the smoke and dust area range, and the boundary shrinks synchronously, ensuring that the smoke collection port always accurately fits the smoke and dust concentration area.

[0059] When welding fumes are detected, the side swing plate 23 adjusts its opening and closing angle according to the target area boundary defined by the controller; the variable frequency fan of the cartridge dust collector 17 outputs the corresponding wind speed according to the dust density, forming a targeted negative pressure field below the ABS suction port 13. Under the action of negative pressure, the dust is guided into the smoke pipe unit through the ABS suction port 13, and finally flows into the medium and low pressure cartridge dust collector 17 for filtration and treatment, thus preventing the dust from spreading.

[0060] When detecting smoke and dust density, the infrared smoke and dust concentration sensor 22 uses the 8-14μm detection band, with a measurement range of 0-1500mg / m³. 3 Accuracy ±3mg / m 3 The infrared dust concentration sensor 22 is equipped with a PU high-temperature resistant and anti-welding slag protective cover. The data from each group of infrared dust concentration sensors 22 are weighted and calculated to output the average and peak dust density in the target area in real time. The data is transmitted to the controller, which adjusts the power of the cartridge dust collector 17 according to the dust concentration, making it more energy-efficient.

[0061] The lifting unit 28 is a cylinder driver or a linear lifting electric slide; the smoke collection hood 1 is fixed with a grating ruler outside the lifting unit 28, and the lifting end of the lifting unit 28 is fixed with a reading head, which is installed in conjunction with the grating ruler; during the lifting process of the lifting unit 28, the reading head is driven to rise and fall synchronously along the grating ruler, so as to accurately detect the linear lifting distance of the lifting unit 28, and the controller can match the lifting distance with the opening and closing angle of the side swing plate 23; so that the smoke collection port can cover and be close to the smoke and dust area.

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] like Figure 8 The electrically operated smoke hood shown has an electric lead screw slide 30 fixed to the back of both the X-axis detection seat 19 and the Y-axis detection seat 20. Two inclined sliders 21 are slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the two sliding ends of the electric lead screw slide 30 are fixed to the two inclined sliders 21 respectively. Two sets of infrared dust concentration sensors 22 are arranged in both the X and Y directions, which can realize accurate capture of dust density gradient and millisecond-level synthesis of directional areas. Specifically, the electric lead screw slide 30 drives the corresponding two sets of infrared dust concentration sensors 22 to slide synchronously towards or away from each other, realizing dynamic detection of dust, thereby enabling continuous dynamic detection of dust concentration and dust area in the area covered by the smoke hood 1.

[0064] Example 4:

[0065] like Figure 9 The electrically operated sliding smoke hood shown has two intermediate swing plates 31 hinged to the top of the inner side of the smoke hood body 1 between two ABS air inlets 13; an elastic isolation cover 32 is provided between the bottom of the two intermediate swing plates 31; a swing unit 25 is installed between the two intermediate swing plates 31; the lifting unit 28 of the swing unit 25 is fixed to the inner wall of the smoke hood body 1; when two smoke and dust areas appear, the lifting unit 28 drives the two intermediate swing plates 31 to move, and the side swing plates 23 swing synchronously to achieve synchronous and precise alignment of the two smoke and dust areas.

[0066] The controller controls the smoke collection hood 1 to move to the smoke collection area to collect smoke, and the cartridge dust collector 17 performs area smoke collection. Then, the infrared dust concentration sensor 22 obtains the dust concentration and dust area. Next, the controller controls the frequency converter of the cartridge dust collector 17 according to the dust concentration. At the same time, the controller controls the lifting unit 28 to perform lifting and lowering actions. The lifting unit 28 drives the side swing plate 23 to swing through the connecting plate 26, so that the smoke collection hood 1 and the two swing plates form a narrowed smoke collection port, which covers the periphery of the dust area. During operation, the controller drives the smoke collection hood 1 to move to the smoke collection area according to the welding position. Then, the controller controls the cartridge dust collector 17 to collect smoke. While the cartridge dust collector 17 is collecting smoke and removing dust, the controller controls the lifting unit 28 to perform lifting and lowering actions according to the dust concentration and dust area detected by the infrared dust concentration sensor 22, so that the swing plate forms a smoke collection port covering the dust area, and controls the frequency converter of the cartridge dust collector 17 according to the dust concentration.

[0067] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically operated translational smoke hood, characterized in that: include: Controller for overall machine control; Smoke hood; The support legs are provided in four sets and arranged in a square shape at the four corners on the ground. Each support leg includes a column, and the top of the column is fixed with a horizontal brace by a triangular plate. A traveling guide mechanism includes two rail seats facing each other on both sides, which are fixed to the cross brace by corner brackets; a rack and a hanging guide rail are fixed to the inner side of the cross brace. The walking mechanism includes a T-shaped reducer fixed to the top of the smoke hood, with a servo motor connected to its input end; optical shafts are mounted on the two output ends of the reducer via couplings, the optical shafts movably passing through multiple guide bearings, and walking gears meshing with racks are fixed at both ends of the optical shafts; the guide bearings are fixed to the top of the smoke hood; and mounting sliders that slide in cooperation with mounting guide rails are fixed on both sides of the smoke hood. The smoke duct unit includes two ABS air inlets fitted and fixed to the top of the smoke collection hood. The ABS air inlets are connected to a connecting hose via a converging air duct. The other end of the connecting hose is connected to the main air duct. The axis of the connecting hose is parallel to the length direction of the hanging guide rail. A cartridge dust collector, wherein the cartridge dust collector is fixed to the outside of the support legs, and the main air duct is connected to the air inlet of the cartridge dust collector; It also includes an X-axis detection seat and a Y-axis detection seat, which are fixed to a set of adjacent sides on the bottom inner side of the smoke hood. The X-axis and Y-axis detection seats have slide rails, on which multiple inclined sliders are slidably mounted. The back of each inclined slider is fixed to the X-axis and Y-axis detection seats. An infrared smoke concentration sensor is fixed to the top surface of each inclined slider. Side swing plates are hinged to both sides of the smoke hood. A rubber sheet is fixed to the top of each side swing plate, and the top of the rubber sheet is fixed to the top inner side of the smoke hood. A swing unit is provided between the side swing plates and the smoke hood. The swing unit includes multiple sets of connecting plates hinged between the side swing plates and the smoke hood in a V-shape, with the bottom of each set of connecting plates hinged to a shaft. A lifting unit is fixed to the inner wall of the smoke hood and is fixed to the shaft. A fire-resistant insulation cloth is provided between the bottom of the side swing plates and the inner wall of the smoke hood. The controller controls the smoke collection hood to move to the smoke collection area to collect smoke. The cartridge dust collector performs regional smoke collection. Then, the infrared dust concentration sensor obtains the dust concentration and dust area. Next, the controller controls the frequency of the frequency converter of the cartridge dust collector according to the dust concentration. At the same time, the controller controls the lifting unit to perform lifting action. The lifting unit drives the side swing plate to swing through the connecting plate, so that the smoke collection hood and the two swing plates form a narrowed smoke collection port, and the smoke collection port covers the periphery of the dust area. When detecting dust in a smoke-filled area, the dust concentration threshold is set at 50 mg / m³. 3 This threshold can be adjusted by the controller. If the detection value of a single infrared dust concentration sensor is ≥50mg / m³, the threshold will be adjusted accordingly. 3 The area covered by the infrared smoke and dust concentration sensor is determined to be the effective area for smoke and dust; if the detected value is <50mg / m³ 3 Once a smoke-free area is identified, the next step is to calculate the area boundary. Specifically, the controller performs coordinate fitting on all effective dust areas and automatically synthesizes the smoke-free area boundary. During fitting, a unique coordinate identifier is assigned to each group of infrared smoke concentration sensors. A two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the smoke hood as the origin, with the X-axis parallel to the length direction of the smoke hood and the Y-axis parallel to the width direction. Sensor 1 corresponds to a 60° sector area centered at 0.9m and 0m, Sensor 2 corresponds to a sector area centered at 0.78m and 0.45m, and so on. The coordinates of each group of infrared smoke concentration sensors cover the entire detection surface below the air intake. The controller extracts the sensor coordinates of all effective areas and uses a polygon fitting algorithm to stitch the discrete effective areas into a continuous area boundary. If only 1-2 groups of infrared smoke concentration sensors detect effective areas, the synthesized area is a minimum range of 0.5-1.0m², focusing on a single point or a small area of ​​smoke. If 3 to 4 groups of infrared smoke concentration sensors detect effective smoke, a medium area of ​​1.0-2.5m² is synthesized. If 5 to 6 groups of infrared smoke concentration sensors all detect effective smoke... The dust collection system, with a maximum area of ​​2.5-3.6 m², is suitable for large-area dust diffusion scenarios. After fitting the area boundary, the dust area is obtained. Then, two swing plates are controlled to form a narrowed dust collection port, which covers the perimeter of the dust area. During dust area fitting, the area is dynamically updated in real time. The infrared dust concentration sensor continuously collects data and updates the detection value every 0.1 seconds. The controller synchronously refreshes the dust area boundary: if dust diffuses in a certain direction, the sensor detection value in the corresponding direction meets the standard, and the area is automatically included in the dust range, with the boundary expanding in real time; if the dust density in some areas drops below the threshold, the area automatically leaves the dust area range, and the boundary shrinks synchronously, ensuring that the dust collection port always accurately fits the dust concentration area.

2. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more welding robots are installed on the inner side of the support legs. The welding robots are connected to the welding host. The welding host is connected to the controller. The welding host converts the welding sequence and welding stroke instructions of the welding robots into dynamic position data of the fume hood. The controller receives the dynamic position data and drives the walking mechanism to complete the instruction response.

3. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke collection hood is made of polycarbonate sheet, and a lighting system is fixed to the top inside the smoke collection hood.

4. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke collection hood is fixed with guide wheels on both sides and the side of the hanging slider. The guide wheels are installed in a rolling fit with the hanging guide rail.

5. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting unit is a cylinder driver or a linear lifting electric slide; the smoke collection hood is fixed with a grating ruler outside the lifting unit, and the lifting end of the lifting unit is fixed with a reading head, which is installed in conjunction with the grating ruler.

6. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the X-axis and Y-axis detection seats have an electric lead screw slide fixed to their backs. Two inclined sliders are slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the two sliding ends of the electric lead screw slide are respectively fixed to the two inclined sliders.

7. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inner side of the smoke collection hood is hinged with two intermediate swing plates between two ABS air inlets; a swing unit is installed between the two intermediate swing plates; the lifting unit of the swing unit is fixed to the inner wall of the smoke collection hood.

8. The electrically operated translational smoke hood according to claim 1, characterized in that: Stacked roller blinds are fixed between the columns.

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