Forming method of beryllium-copper alloy ultrafine wire

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of beryllium-copper alloy wire machining, and particularly relates to a forming method of a beryllium-copper alloy ultrafine wire. Comprising the following steps that alloy element components of the beryllium-copper alloy are subjected to alloy proportioning, a mixed material is formed, the mixed material is smelted in a vacuum continuous casting mode, and base metal is obtained; the base metal is subjected to N-stage drawing, the beryllium-copper alloy ultrafine wire is obtained, and the diameter of the beryllium-copper alloy ultrafine wire is 0.05-0.015 mm; in the N-stage drawing process, a middle drawing state wire blank is obtained after drawing in the first N-1 stages, when the diameter of the middle drawing state wire blank is 0.1 mm, aging solution treatment is conducted firstly, then drawing is conducted, and when the diameter of the middle drawing state wire blank is smaller than 0.1 mm, continuous annealing treatment is conducted firstly, and then drawing is conducted. The beryllium-copper alloy superwire meeting various strict performance index requirements can be stably and efficiently prepared through a multi-stage drawing and annealing synergistic process based on alloy component regulation and control.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of beryllium copper alloy wire processing, and particularly relates to a forming method of beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of rapid development of modern high-end manufacturing industry, beryllium copper alloy plays an indispensable role in many key fields due to its excellent comprehensive performance. From the stringent requirements of lightweight, high strength and high reliability of materials in the aerospace field to the urgent needs of good electrical conductivity and heat dissipation of materials in the electronic information industry, beryllium copper alloy shows unique advantages. Especially when manufacturing ultrafine wire with a diameter of 0.01mm-0.05mm, the uniformity and stability of material performance are extremely high due to its extremely small size, and currently there are many technical challenges.

[0003] At present, the methods for preparing beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire mainly include vacuum induction melting + forging + multiple hot extrusion + multiple drawing, or arc melting furnace + hot forging + multiple drawing. In the wire drawing process, due to the lack of effective process parameter control and optimization, problems such as uneven crystal phase and large radial tolerance often occur. The process flow of preparing beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire is relatively long, the comprehensive yield is low, and the prepared beryllium copper alloy wire is prone to have defects such as core crack, stress crack, twist and drawing fracture, which seriously limits the application of ultrafine wire in high-end precision instruments. In addition, in the heat treatment link, the conventional annealing process cannot completely eliminate work hardening, so that the toughness and electrical conductivity of the wire cannot reach the ideal state. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a forming method of beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire, which can stably and efficiently prepare beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire meeting various stringent performance indicators based on alloy composition regulation and through a multi-stage drawing and annealing cooperative process.

[0005] The application solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The purpose of the application is to provide a forming method of beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire, which comprises the following steps: The alloy elements of the beryllium copper alloy are alloyed according to the mass percentage to form a mixture, wherein the mass percentage of Be in the beryllium copper alloy elements is 1.8%-2.0%, the mass percentage of Co is 0.1%-0.3%, the mass percentage of Ni is 0.1%-0.3%, the mass percentage of Fe is ≤0.2%, the mass percentage of Ni+Co is ≥0.2%, the mass percentage of Ni+Co+Fe is ≤0.6%, and the mass percentage of Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu is ≥99.5%.

[0007] The mixing is smelted by a vacuum continuous casting method to obtain a base material; the diameter of the base material is 8mm-10mm; the base material is subjected to N-stage drawing, N is 3-5, to obtain a beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material, the diameter of the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is 0.05mm-0.015mm.

[0008] During the N-stage drawing, the intermediate drawn wire blank is obtained after the first N-1-stage drawing; when the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is 0.1mm, the intermediate drawn wire blank is subjected to aging solid solution treatment and then drawing; when the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is <0.1mm, the intermediate drawn wire blank is subjected to continuous annealing treatment and then drawing; when the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is ≥0.1mm, the intermediate drawn wire blank is drawn under the action of a water-based lubricant; when the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is <0.1mm, the intermediate drawn wire blank is drawn under the action of an oil-based lubricant.

[0009] Further, the aging solid solution treatment is aging solid solution treatment under the protection of a vacuum atmosphere, the vacuum degree is ≥0.2Pa, the temperature is 280℃-450℃, the holding time is 1h-4h, and the cooling mode is water cooling.

[0010] Further, the continuous annealing is annealing treatment under the protection of an atmosphere, the temperature is 400℃-800℃, the flow rate of the protective gas is 0.4L / min-0.65L / min, the continuous annealing take-up speed is 5m / min-30m / min, and the tension during annealing coiling is 0.6g-2.8g.

[0011] Further, the drawing is 3-stage drawing, wherein, The first-stage drawing is drawing of the base material under the condition of a water-based lubricant to obtain a first intermediate drawn wire blank, and the diameter of the first drawn wire blank is one eighth of the diameter of the base material.

[0012] The second-stage drawing is drawing of the first intermediate drawn wire blank under the condition of a water-based lubricant to obtain a second intermediate drawn wire blank, and the second drawn wire blank is subjected to aging solid solution treatment, and the diameter of the second drawn wire blank is one tenth of the diameter of the first intermediate drawn wire blank.

[0013] The third-stage drawing is drawing of the second intermediate drawn wire blank under the condition of an oil-based lubricant to obtain a beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material, and the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is subjected to continuous annealing treatment, and the diameter of the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is 0.05mm-0.015mm.

[0014] Further, during the 3-stage drawing, During the first-stage drawing, the deformation amount of each pass is 15%-25% until the first intermediate drawn wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 50m / min-150m / min, and the drawing force is 20g-300g.

[0015] In the second stage drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is 8% to 18% until the second intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 50 m / min to 300 m / min, and the drawing force is 20 g to 300 g.

[0016] In the third stage drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is 8% to 15% until the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 100 m / min to 600 m / min, and the drawing force is 1 g to 15 g.

[0017] Further, after each stage drawing, ultrasonic cleaning is performed, the cleaning medium is a water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 40 W to 80 W, and the frequency is 15 KHz to 40 KHz.

[0018] Further, the water-based lubricant is a fluorine oil-based metal wire drawing oil.

[0019] Further, after the N-stage drawing is completed, the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material with a diameter of 0.05 mm to 0.015 mm is subjected to secondary continuous annealing treatment, the secondary continuous annealing is performed under a protective atmosphere, the temperature is 400 DEG C to 800 DEG C, the protective gas flow is 0.4 L / min to 0.65 L / min, the continuous annealing take-up speed is 5 m / min to 30 m / min, and the tension during annealing is 0.6 g to 2.8 g.

[0020] Further, the beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in percentage by mass: Be: 1.8% to 2.0%, Co: 0.1% to 0.3%, Ni: 0.1% to 0.3%, Fe: 0.2% or less, and the balance of Cu and unavoidable impurities, totaling 100%.

[0021] Further, in the vacuum continuous casting process, the vacuum degree is 10 -2 Pa to 5x10 -3 Pa, the smelting temperature is 1200 DEG C to 1400 DEG C, the continuous casting speed is 2 mm / min to 130 mm / min, the cooling water amount is 1000 mL / min to 1400 mL / min, and the cooling distance is 70 mm to 180 mm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire forming method provided by the present application, on the one hand, regulates the alloy composition on the basis of the existing beryllium copper alloy chemical composition, and produces beryllium copper wire based on vacuum continuous casting beryllium copper rod, directly continuous casting beryllium copper alloy into copper rod in a vacuum environment, and then carrying out a small amount of processing procedures such as drawing. Reducing the intermediate links such as forging and hot extrusion not only shortens the production cycle, but also reduces the energy consumption and equipment investment in the production process. The following effects are achieved: (1) improving the yield, (2) improving the product quality and organizational uniformity, (3) size precision, (4) eliminating internal defects, (5) optimizing the heat treatment effect. On the other hand, based on the multi-stage drawing and annealing synergistic process, the beryllium copper rod is directly made by vacuum continuous casting and only needs a small amount of subsequent drawing processing, which not only reduces the intermediate links such as forging and hot extrusion, shortens the production cycle and reduces the energy consumption and equipment investment, but also reduces the gas impurities in the vacuum environment, makes the metal liquid solidify uniformly and the organization dense, provides high-quality billet for drawing, effectively improves the yield; at the same time, the vacuum continuous casting makes the alloy composition uniform and the grain refined, the size precision of the continuous casting copper rod is high and the surface quality is good, combined with the vacuum environment reducing the mixing of gas impurities and the continuous casting stable solidification reducing stress concentration, and the cooling speed is controlled during continuous casting to preliminarily optimize the organizational performance, and the subsequent heat treatment is easier to eliminate work hardening, so as to comprehensively optimize the product quality in terms of organizational uniformity, size precision, internal defect elimination and heat treatment effect, and cooperate with the multi-stage drawing and annealing synergistic process to control the drawing parameters and form and anneal in time to eliminate work hardening, further optimize the size precision, mechanical and conductive properties of the beryllium copper wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that the professional terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the following embodiments of the present application can be purchased from the market or prepared by the existing method.

[0025] The existing beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material often has problems of uneven crystal phase and large radial tolerance in the wire drawing process due to lack of effective process parameter control and optimization. The process flow of preparing the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material is relatively long, the comprehensive yield is low, and the prepared beryllium copper alloy wire material is prone to have defects such as core crack, stress crack, twist and drawing fracture, which seriously limits the application of the ultrafine wire material in high-end precision instruments. In addition, the conventional annealing process cannot completely eliminate work hardening, so that the toughness and electrical conductivity of the wire material are difficult to reach the ideal state.

[0026] Based on the above problems, the present application provides a forming method of beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material, comprising the following steps: The alloying elements of the beryllium copper alloy are alloyed according to the mass percentage to form a mixture, wherein the Be in the beryllium copper alloy elements is 1.8% to 2.0%, the Co is 0.1% to 0.3%, the Ni is 0.1% to 0.3%, the Fe is ≤0.2%, the Ni+Co is ≥0.2%, the Ni+Co+Fe is ≤0.6%, and the Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu is ≥99.5%.

[0027] The mixture is melted by vacuum continuous casting to obtain a master material with a diameter of 8mm to 10mm; the master material is subjected to N-stage drawing, N is 3 to 5, to obtain a beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material, and the diameter of the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material is 0.05mm to 0.015mm.

[0028] During the N-stage drawing, the intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained after the first N-1 stage drawing, when the diameter of the intermediate drawing state wire blank is 0.1mm, the aging solid solution treatment is carried out first and then the drawing is carried out, when the diameter of the intermediate drawing state wire blank is <0.1mm, the continuous annealing treatment is carried out first and then the drawing is carried out; when the diameter of the intermediate drawing state wire blank is ≥0.1mm, the drawing is carried out under the action of the water-based lubricant, and when the diameter of the intermediate drawing state wire blank is <0.1mm, the drawing is carried out under the action of the oil-based lubricant.

[0029] It should be noted that, on the one hand, the present application is based on the element composition of the traditional beryllium copper alloy, it is difficult to accurately control the content of trace elements, leading to the internal structure of the alloy is not uniform, and then affect the strength, electrical conductivity and other key performance of the material, on the basis of the chemical composition of the existing beryllium copper alloy, and based on the vacuum continuous casting beryllium copper rod production beryllium copper wire, directly beryllium copper alloy in vacuum environment continuous casting into copper rod, subsequent again a small amount of processing procedures such as drawing. Reduce the forging, hot extrusion and other intermediate links, not only shorten the production cycle, but also reduce the energy consumption and equipment investment in the production process. With the following effects: (1) improve the yield, because the traditional process such as "vacuum induction melting + forging + multiple hot extrusion + multiple drawing" or "electric arc furnace + hot forging + multiple drawing", the process flow is long and complex, defects may occur in each processing link, resulting in low comprehensive yield. For example, in the process of multiple drawing, it is easy to appear the defects such as core crack, stress crack, twist, drawing fracture, etc. The present application can effectively reduce the generation of these defects through the process of vacuum continuous casting beryllium copper rod, because the vacuum environment can reduce the gas content and impurities in the alloy, improve the quality of beryllium copper rod. The metal liquid solidifies uniformly in the continuous casting process, and the structure is dense, which provides a good blank basis for subsequent drawing, thereby improving the yield of beryllium copper wire. (2) improve the product quality and structure uniformity: the present application can make the composition of beryllium copper alloy more uniform under the dual action of vacuum and continuous casting in vacuum continuous casting, the grains are refined and uniformly distributed in the solidification process, and the crystal phase uniformity of beryllium copper wire is better after subsequent drawing into wire, and the performance is more stable, thereby solving the problem of uneven crystal phase caused by multiple processing in traditional process. (3) dimensional accuracy: the beryllium copper rod prepared by the present application has high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality, the dimensional accuracy is easier to control in the subsequent drawing process, the radial tolerance of the produced beryllium copper wire is smaller, which can meet the strict requirements of high-end precision instruments on the dimensional accuracy of wire material. (4) eliminate internal defects: the present application can reduce the mixing of gas and impurities through the vacuum environment, avoid the internal defects caused by gas and impurities. The smooth solidification of metal liquid in the continuous casting process also helps to reduce the internal stress concentration and the probability of crack generation, improve the internal quality of beryllium copper wire, so as to avoid the defects such as core crack and stress crack in the beryllium copper wire produced by traditional process. (5) optimize the effect of heat treatment: the present application can control the cooling speed and other process parameters in the continuous casting process of vacuum continuous casting beryllium copper rod, preliminarily regulate the structure and performance of the alloy. When the subsequent appropriate heat treatment is carried out, it is easier to eliminate work hardening, so that the toughness and electrical conductivity of beryllium copper wire reach a more ideal state, which meets the requirements of high-end precision instruments on the performance of the material. Avoid the influence of traditional annealing process on the toughness and electrical conductivity of wire material due to the incomplete elimination of work hardening.In another aspect, the present application is based on a multi-stage drawing and annealing synergistic process, directly making beryllium copper rods by vacuum continuous casting and only requiring a small amount of subsequent drawing processing, not only reducing intermediate links such as forging and hot extrusion, shortening the production cycle and reducing energy consumption and equipment investment, but also providing high-quality billets for drawing by reducing gas impurities in the vacuum environment and making the metal liquid solidify uniformly and densely, effectively improving the yield; at the same time, the vacuum continuous casting makes the alloy composition uniform and the grain refined, the continuous casting copper rod has high size precision and good surface quality, combined with the reduction of gas impurities in the vacuum environment and the reduction of stress concentration by stable continuous casting solidification, and the preliminary optimization of the organization and performance by controlling the cooling speed during continuous casting, the subsequent heat treatment is easier to eliminate work hardening, thereby comprehensively optimizing the product quality in terms of uniformity of the organization, size precision, elimination of internal defects and heat treatment effect, and cooperating with the multi-stage drawing and annealing synergistic process to control the drawing parameters in stages and anneal in time to eliminate work hardening, further optimizing the size precision, mechanical and electrical properties of beryllium copper wire, and highlighting the advanced nature of the process.

[0030] The beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire prepared by the present application has a diameter precision controlled within ±0.001 mm, meeting the strict requirements of high-end precision equipment on wire size; the tensile strength is >1105MPa, having excellent tensile resistance and being able to withstand external force under complex working conditions; the hardness is HRC38-44, having high hardness and improving the wear resistance and damage resistance of the material; the electrical conductivity is 15%-45%(IACS), meeting the requirements of the electronic field on signal transmission and current conduction; the thermal conductivity is 105W / m·K-315W / m·K, being able to effectively conduct heat and meeting the application in scenes with high heat dissipation requirements.

[0031] In some specific embodiments, the aging and solid solution treatment is carried out under the protection of a vacuum atmosphere, the vacuum degree is ≥0.2Pa, the temperature is 280℃-450℃, the holding time is 1h-4h, and the cooling method is water cooling. It should be noted that the present application carries out aging and solid solution treatment when the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is 0.1mm, the purpose is to increase the lattice distortion by forming a solid solution, and the aging and precipitation of the strengthening phase hinders the movement of dislocations, thereby improving the strength and hardness, enhancing the wear resistance, and improving the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. The solid solution eliminates defects and optimizes the crystal structure, maintains good conduction performance, stabilizes the size and performance, stabilizes the internal organization, and reduces changes caused by external factors during use.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the continuous annealing is performed under a protective atmosphere, at a temperature of 400-800℃, a protective gas flow of 0.4-0.65L / min, a continuous annealing take-up speed of 5-30m / min, and a tension of 0.6-2.8g during annealing rewinding. It should be noted that the continuous annealing process adopted in the present application can uniformly eliminate work hardening, reduce the dislocation density in the wire material, and recover and recrystallize the grains, thereby improving the microstructure and performance of the wire material. During the annealing process, the winding operation is simultaneously performed to ensure the continuity and uniform heating of the wire material. By controlling the annealing atmosphere and cooling rate, the surface quality of the wire material is ensured, and the oxidation and decarburization phenomena are prevented,

[0033] In some specific embodiments, the drawing is a 3-stage drawing, wherein, The first-stage drawing is performed on the base material under the condition of a water-based lubricant to obtain a first intermediate drawn wire blank, and the diameter of the first intermediate drawn wire blank is 1 / 8 of the diameter of the base material.

[0034] The second-stage drawing is performed on the first intermediate drawn wire blank, and then the first intermediate drawn wire blank is drawn under the condition of a water-based lubricant to obtain a second intermediate drawn wire blank, and the diameter of the second drawn wire blank is 1 / 10 of the diameter of the first intermediate drawn wire blank.

[0035] The third-stage drawing is performed on the second intermediate drawn wire blank, and then the second intermediate drawn wire blank is drawn under the condition of an oil-based lubricant to obtain a beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material, and the diameter of the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is 0.05-0.015mm.

[0036] It should be noted that the beryllium copper wire will be work-hardened during the drawing process. As the processing rate increases, the hardness and strength of the material continuously increase, while the toughness and plasticity gradually decrease. When the total processing rate exceeds a certain degree (e.g., 90%), the material may become too hard and brittle, making subsequent processing difficult, and prone to brittle fracture during use. Therefore, the present application adopts a 3-stage drawing method, controls the total processing rate to be 60-100% during the drawing of the base material, and then performs aging and solid solution treatment or continuous annealing treatment to eliminate the processing stress.

[0037] It should be noted that the single-mode precision cable drawing large machine is used in the first stage drawing process; the non-slip multi-mode drawing machine is used in the second stage drawing process; the non-slip multi-mode drawing machine is used in the third stage drawing process, the drawing die material is single crystal synthetic diamond, the oil-based lubricant is uniformly sprayed on the die and the wire surface through the spraying device in the third stage drawing process, the drawing resistance is reduced, the tension of the wire is monitored in real time by using the high-precision tension sensor, and the stability of the tension is ensured. The mold design and lubrication conditions are optimized, the drawing stress is reduced, and the wire breakage is avoided. At the same time, the diameter change and surface quality of the wire are monitored in real time by using the online monitoring equipment, and the stability and consistency of the rough drawing process are ensured.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, in the 3-stage drawing process: In the first stage drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is 15% to 25% until the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 50 m / min to 150 m / min, and the drawing force is 20 g to 300 g.

[0039] In the second stage drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is 8% to 18% until the second intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 50 m / min to 300 m / min, and the drawing force is 20 g to 300 g.

[0040] In the third stage drawing process, the deformation amount of each pass is 8% to 15% until the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 100 m / min to 600 m / min, and the drawing force is 1 g to 15 g.

[0041] It should be noted that in the metal wire drawing, the processing rate, drawing speed and drawing force are very important. The processing rate can control the performance of the wire and ensure the dimensional accuracy; the drawing speed affects the production efficiency and also relates to the product quality, improper speed will produce defects; the drawing force is the power of drawing deformation, proper drawing force can ensure smooth drawing, also can protect the equipment and die, avoid equipment damage, wire breakage and excessive die wear.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, after each stage drawing, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out, the cleaning medium uses water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 40 W to 80 W, and the frequency is 15 KHz to 40 KHz. It should be noted that ultrasonic cleaning is carried out after each stage drawing, the purpose is to remove the lubricant, coolant and other oil stains left during the drawing process, to avoid affecting the subsequent process. Remove the metal debris generated during processing, reduce equipment wear and improve surface finish. Prevent impurities from adsorbing water vapor and corrosive gases to cause corrosion, prolong the service life of the metal wire.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the water-soluble biodegradable detergent is a detergent produced by Shanghai Saimei Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., which is a series of water-soluble high-concentration biodegradable enhanced detergents composed of organic acids, surfactants, inhibitors, or potassium oxide, non-ionic surfactants, stabilizers, etc.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the aqueous lubricant comprises the following raw materials by weight: 12 parts of self-emulsifying ester lubricant, 2 parts of neodecanoic acid, 6 parts of boric acid diethanolamine ester, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol PEG200, 6 parts of anti-rust agent, 2 parts of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether coupling agent, 0.4 parts of anti-hard water agent, 3 parts of phosphate aluminum corrosion inhibitor, 0.044 parts of silicone defoaming agent, and 62.556 parts of base oil. The oil-based lubricant is a fluorine oil-based metal wire drawing oil. It should be noted that in the drawing process of the present application, the drawing stress is reduced by designing the lubrication conditions, and the wire breakage is avoided.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, after the N-stage drawing is completed, the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire with a diameter of 0.05mm to 0.015mm is subjected to secondary continuous annealing treatment. The secondary continuous annealing is carried out under a protective atmosphere, the temperature is 400℃ to 800℃, the protective gas flow is 0.4L / min to 0.65L / min, the continuous annealing take-up speed is 5m / min to 30m / min, and the tension during annealing rewinding is 0.6g to 2.8g.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, the beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in percentage by mass: Be: 1.8% to 2.0%, Co: 0.2% to 0.3%, Ni: 0.1% to 0.3%, Fe: ≤0.2%, and the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, totaling 100%.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, during the vacuum continuous casting process, the vacuum degree is 10 -2 Pa to 5x10 -3 Pa, the melting temperature is 1200℃ to 1400℃, the continuous casting speed is 2mm / min to 130mm / min, the cooling water volume is 0mL / min to 1400mL / min, and the cooling distance is 70mm to 180mm. It should be noted that the present application uses the method of preparing the base material by vacuum continuous casting to fully melt and uniformly mix the beryllium copper alloy components, and further promotes the uniformity of the alloy liquid through the electromagnetic stirring device. The base material formed by continuous casting is quenched in water for solid solution to ensure the solid solubility of the beryllium copper alloy. In a vacuum environment, the mixing of impurities in the air can be effectively avoided, and the generation of defects such as pores and inclusions can be reduced, significantly improving the purity and density of the base material. By precisely controlling the continuous casting speed, cooling rate and other parameters, the uniformity of the base material structure is ensured, providing a good foundation for the subsequent drawing process.

[0048] The following is further illustrated by specific examples.

[0049] Example 1 The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: Be: 1.9%, Co: 0.2%, Ni: 0.2%, and the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, totaling 100%.

[0050] The forming method for preparing the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire based on the above beryllium copper alloy composition includes the following steps: S1, alloying is performed in a ratio of Cu: Cu-2.5(wt%) Be: Ni: Co mass ratio 133: 365: 1: 1, weighing Cu: 2.66 kg, Cu-2.5(wt%) Be intermediate alloy: 7.3 kg, Ni: 20 g, Co: 20 g, totaling 10 kg. Among them, the purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, and the purity of Co is 99.99%, and vacuum continuous casting is used for melting, when the vacuum degree reaches 6.5 x 10 -3 Pa, then heated to 1135℃, refined for 60min, the whole melting process is protected by high-purity argon, φ8mm beryllium copper rod is drawn by vacuum directional solidification continuous casting technology, that is, the mother material, the continuous casting speed is 25mm / min, the cooling water volume is 600mL / min, and the cooling distance is 100mm.

[0051] S2, the φ8mm mother material is subjected to 3-stage drawing treatment, wherein, First-stage drawing: a single-mode precision wire arranging large-drawing machine is used, under the condition of water-based lubricant, with a deformation of 20% per pass, until a φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed is 70m / min per pass, and the drawing force is 150g.

[0052] Second-stage drawing: the φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a bundle and subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the cleaning time is 30min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; the bundle of the φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is subjected to aging treatment under the protection of a vacuum atmosphere not lower than 2 x 10 -1 Pa, the temperature is 320℃, the holding time is 2 hours, water quenching is performed after discharging, and the bundle of the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is rewound to a winding disc.

[0053] A non-slip multi-mode wire drawing machine is used, under the condition of water-based lubricant, with a deformation of 15% per pass, until a φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed is 100m / min per pass, and the drawing force is 100g.

[0054] Third stage drawing: the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1 mm is cleaned continuously by ultrasonic wave, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and take-up after cleaning medium of water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, ultrasonic power of 80 W and frequency of 40 KHz and take-up speed of 12 m / min, and then pure water rinsing, drying; the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1 mm cleaned by ultrasonic wave is subjected to one-time annealing treatment in continuous annealing winding equipment, and argon gas is used for protection in one-time continuous annealing process, the heat treatment temperature is 520 ℃, the take-up speed is 8 m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.4-0.65 L / min.

[0055] The second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1 mm is drawn by a non-slip multi-mode drawing machine under the condition of fluorine oil-based metal drawing oil, and the deformation of each pass is 12% until the φ0.05 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 200 m / min, the drawing force is 10 g, and the fluorine oil-based metal drawing oil is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the die and the second intermediate drawing state wire blank by a spraying device during the drawing process.

[0056] S3, the φ0.05 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material is cleaned continuously by ultrasonic wave, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and take-up, cleaning medium of water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, ultrasonic power of 80 W, frequency of 40 KHz and take-up speed of 20 m / min; the φ0.05 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material cleaned by ultrasonic wave is subjected to two-time continuous annealing on the annealing rewinding equipment, argon is used for protection in the continuous annealing process, the continuous annealing temperature is 425 ℃, the take-up speed is 15 m / min, and the argon flow is 0.6 L / min; the tension of the annealing rewinding is 2.8 g, and the φ0.05 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material is obtained.

[0057] Example 2 The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: Be: 1.9%, Co: 0.2%, Ni: 0.2%, the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, and the total being 100%.

[0058] Based on the above beryllium copper alloy composition, a forming method for preparing beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire material is prepared, which comprises the following steps: S1, alloy proportioning is carried out according to the mass ratio of Cu: Cu-2.5(wt%) Be: Ni: Co of 133: 365: 1: 1, Cu: 2.66 kg, Cu-2.5(wt%) Be intermediate alloy: 7.3 kg, Ni: 20 g, Co: 20 g are weighed, and the total is 10 kg. Among them, the purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, the purity of Co is 99.99%, and vacuum continuous casting is used for melting, when the vacuum degree reaches 6.5×10 -3Pa, then heated to 1135℃, refining 60 min, the whole melting process using high purity argon protection, by vacuum directional solidification continuous casting technology φ8 mm beryllium copper rod, namely the mother material, continuous casting speed 25 mm / min, cooling water 600 mL / min, cooling distance 100 mm.

[0059] S2, φ8 mm mother material for 3-stage drawing process, wherein, The first stage drawing: using a single-mode precision line drawing machine, in the condition of water-based lubricant, with the deformation of 20% per pass drawing, until φ1 mm of the first intermediate drawing state wire blank, the drawing speed of each pass is 70 m / min, and the drawing force is 150 g.

[0060] The second stage drawing: the φ1 mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a bundle, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the cleaning time is 30 min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; in the vacuum atmosphere of Pa, the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is aged at a temperature of 320℃ for 2 hours, and then taken out and water quenched, and the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is rewound to a winding disc. -1 Pa, the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is aged at a temperature of 320℃ for 2 hours, and then taken out and water quenched, and the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is rewound to a winding disc.

[0061] The third stage drawing: the φ0.1 mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic waves, and after ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and rewinding, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the rewinding speed is 12 m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; the second intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a continuous annealing winding device for one-time annealing treatment, and in the one-time continuous annealing process, argon protection is adopted, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the rewinding speed is 8 m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.4-0.65 L / min.

[0062] The third stage drawing: the φ0.1 mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic waves, and after ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and rewinding, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the rewinding speed is 12 m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; the second intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a continuous annealing winding device for one-time annealing treatment, and in the one-time continuous annealing process, argon protection is adopted, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the rewinding speed is 8 m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.4-0.65 L / min.

[0063] The third stage drawing: the φ0.1 mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic waves, and after ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and rewinding, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the rewinding speed is 12 m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; the second intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a continuous annealing winding device for one-time annealing treatment, and in the one-time continuous annealing process, argon protection is adopted, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the rewinding speed is 8 m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.4-0.65 L / min.

[0064] S3, the Φ0.05mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic wave power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, the take-up speed is 20m / min, the tension of rewinding is 2.8g, and the Φ0.05mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire is obtained.

[0065] Example 3 The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: Be: 1.9%, Co: 0.2%, Ni: 0.2%, the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, Ni+Co≥0.2%, Ni+Co+Fe≤0.6%, Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu≥99.5%, and the total is 100%.

[0066] The forming method for preparing the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire based on the above beryllium copper alloy composition comprises the following steps: S1, alloy proportioning is performed according to the mass ratio of Cu: Cu-2.5(wt%) Be: Ni: Co 133: 365: 1: 1, Cu: 2.66kg, Cu-2.5(wt%) Be intermediate alloy: 7.3kg, Ni: 20g, Co: 20g are weighed, and the total is 10kg. Among them, the purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, the purity of Co is 99.99%, and vacuum continuous casting is adopted for melting, when the vacuum degree reaches 6.5×10 -3 Pa, and then the temperature is raised to 1135℃, and refined for 60min, the whole melting process is protected by high-purity argon, and φ8mm beryllium copper rod is drawn by vacuum directional solidification continuous casting technology, that is, the mother material, the continuous casting speed is 25mm / min, the cooling water volume is 600mL / min, and the cooling distance is 100mm.

[0067] S2, the φ8mm mother material is subjected to 3-stage drawing treatment, wherein, First-stage drawing: under the condition of water-based lubricant, the deformation amount of each pass drawing is 20% to obtain φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank, the drawing speed of each pass is 70m / min, and the drawing force is 150g.

[0068] Second-stage drawing: the φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a bundle and cleaned by ultrasonic wave, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic wave power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, the cleaning time is 30min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; the tension of the wire is not less than 2×10 -1The first intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф1 mm is aged under vacuum atmosphere protection of Pa, the temperature is 320 DEG C, the holding time is 2 hours, and the wire blank is collected to the winding disc after water quenching.

[0069] The second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is drawn by a non-slip multi-mode drawing machine under the condition of water-based lubricant, the deformation of each pass is 15%, the drawing speed is 100 m / min, and the drawing force is 100 g.

[0070] The second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and collection. The cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the collection speed is 12 m / min. Then, the second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is subjected to one-time annealing treatment in a continuous annealing winding device, argon is used for protection, the heat treatment temperature is 520 DEG C, the collection speed is 8 m / min, and the flow of the protective gas is 0.6 L / min.

[0071] The second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is drawn by a non-slip multi-mode drawing machine under the condition of fluorine oil-based metal drawing oil, the deformation of each pass is 12%, the drawing speed is 200 m / min, the drawing force is 10 g, and the fluorine oil-based metal drawing oil is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the die and the second intermediate drawing state wire blank by a spraying device during the drawing process.

[0072] S3, the second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and collection. The cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the collection speed is 20 m / min. Then, the second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is subjected to two-time continuous annealing on an annealing rewinding device, argon is used for protection, the continuous annealing temperature is 325 DEG C, the collection speed is 25 m / min, and the flow of argon is 0.6 L / min. The tension of the annealing rewinding is 2.4 g, and the second intermediate drawing state wire blank with Ф0.1 mm is obtained.

[0073] Example 4 The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in percentage by mass: Be: 1.9%, Co: 0.2%, Ni: 0.2%, the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities, Ni+Co≥0.2%, Ni+Co+Fe≤0.6%, Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu≥99.5%, and the total is 100%.

[0074] The forming method of the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire based on the above beryllium copper alloy component regulation and control comprises the following steps. S1, alloying is performed according to the mass ratio of Cu: Cu-2.5(wt%) Be: Ni: Co 133: 365: 1: 1, Cu is weighed as 2.66 kg, Cu-2.5(wt%) Be intermediate alloy is weighed as 7.3 kg, Ni is weighed as 20 g, and Co is weighed as 20 g, with a total of 10 kg. The purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, the purity of Co is 99.99%, and vacuum continuous casting is adopted for smelting, and when the vacuum degree reaches 6.5*10 -3 Pa, and then heated to 1135℃, refined for 60min, the whole smelting process is protected by high-purity argon, and φ8mm beryllium copper rod is drawn by vacuum directional solidification continuous casting technology, that is, the mother material, the continuous casting speed is 25mm / min, the cooling water volume is 600mL / min, and the cooling distance is 100mm.

[0075] S2, the φ8mm mother material is subjected to 3-stage drawing treatment, wherein, First-stage drawing: a single-mode precision wire arranging large-drawing machine is adopted, under the condition of water-based lubricant, the deformation amount of each pass is 20%, and φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 70m / min, and the drawing force is 150g.

[0076] Second-stage drawing: the φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a bundle, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the cleaning time is 30min, then pure water rinsing and drying are performed; the bundle of the φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is aged under the protection of a vacuum atmosphere not lower than 2*10 -1 Pa, the temperature is 320℃, the holding time is 2 hours, water quenching is performed after discharging, and the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is rewound to a winding disc.

[0077] A non-slip multi-mode wire drawing machine is adopted, under the condition of water-based lubricant, the deformation amount of each pass is 15%, and φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 100m / min, and the drawing force is 100g.

[0078] Third stage drawing: the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1 mm is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and take-up after cleaning medium of water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, ultrasonic power of 80 W and frequency of 40 KHz and take-up speed of 12 m / min, and then pure water rinsing, drying; the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1 mm cleaned by ultrasonic wave is subjected to one-time annealing treatment in a continuous annealing winding device, and argon gas is used for protection in the one-time continuous annealing process, the heat treatment temperature is 520 ℃, the take-up speed is 8 m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.6 L / min.

[0079] The second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1 mm is drawn by a non-slip multi-mode drawing machine under the condition of fluorine oil-based metal drawing oil, and the deformation amount of each pass is 12% until the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material of φ0.03 mm is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 200 m / min, the drawing force is 10 g, and the fluorine oil-based metal drawing oil is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the die and the second intermediate drawing state wire blank by a spraying device during the drawing process.

[0080] S3, the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material of φ0.03 mm is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and take-up, cleaning medium of water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, ultrasonic power of 80 W, frequency of 40 KHz and take-up speed of 20 m / min; the tension of rewinding is 3 g, and the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material of φ0.03 mm is obtained.

[0081] Example 5 The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: Be: 1.9%, Co: 0.2%, Ni: 0.2%, the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, Ni+Co≥0.2%, Ni+Co+Fe≤0.6%, Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu≥99.5%, and the total is 100%.

[0082] Based on the above beryllium copper alloy composition, a forming method for preparing a beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material is provided, which comprises the following steps: S1, alloy proportioning is performed according to the mass ratio of Cu: Cu-2.5(wt%) Be: Ni: Co of 133: 365: 1: 1, and Cu: 2.66 kg, Cu-2.5(wt%) Be intermediate alloy: 7.3 kg, Ni: 20 g, Co: 20 g are weighed, with a total of 10 kg. Among them, the purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, the purity of Co is 99.99%, and vacuum continuous casting is used for melting, when the vacuum degree reaches 6.5×10 -3Pa, then heated to 1135℃, refining 60min, the whole melting process using high purity argon protection, by vacuum directional solidification continuous casting technology φ8mm beryllium copper rod, namely the mother material, continuous casting speed 25mm / min, cooling water 600mL / min, cooling distance 100mm.

[0083] S2, φ8mm mother material is subjected to 3-stage drawing process, wherein, The first stage drawing: using a single-mode precision line drawing machine, in the condition of water-based lubricant, the deformation of each pass drawing is 20%, until φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 70m / min, and the drawing force is 150g.

[0084] The second stage drawing: the φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank is put into a bundle, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the cleaning time is 30min, then pure water rinsing and drying are carried out; in the condition of not less than 2×10 -1 The φ1mm first intermediate drawing state wire blank subjected to ultrasonic cleaning is put into a bundle and subjected to aging treatment under the protection of vacuum atmosphere of Pa, the temperature is 320℃, the holding time is 2 hours, water quenching is carried out after discharging, and the first intermediate drawing state wire blank in the bundle is rewound to a winding disc.

[0085] The third stage drawing: the φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is subjected to ultrasonic continuous cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and rewinding are carried out, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the rewinding speed is 12m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are carried out; the φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank subjected to ultrasonic cleaning is subjected to once annealing treatment in a continuous annealing winding device, argon protection is adopted in the continuous annealing process, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the rewinding speed is 8m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.6L / min.

[0086] The third stage drawing: the φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is subjected to ultrasonic continuous cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and rewinding are carried out, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the rewinding speed is 12m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are carried out; the φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank subjected to ultrasonic cleaning is subjected to once annealing treatment in a continuous annealing winding device, argon protection is adopted in the continuous annealing process, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the rewinding speed is 8m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.6L / min.

[0087] The third stage drawing: the φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank is subjected to ultrasonic continuous cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and rewinding are carried out, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the rewinding speed is 12m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are carried out; the φ0.1mm second intermediate drawing state wire blank subjected to ultrasonic cleaning is subjected to once annealing treatment in a continuous annealing winding device, argon protection is adopted in the continuous annealing process, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the rewinding speed is 8m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.6L / min.

[0088] S3, the Ф0.015 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic wave, and the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic wave power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, and the take-up speed is 20 m / min; the Ф0.015 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire after ultrasonic cleaning is subjected to secondary continuous annealing on an annealing rewinding equipment, Ar protection is adopted in the continuous annealing process, the continuous annealing temperature is 325℃, the take-up speed is 25 m / min, and the Ar flow is 0.6 L / min; the tension of the annealing rewinding is 2.2 g, and the Ф0.015 mm beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire is obtained.

[0089] Example 6 The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements in mass percentage: Be: 1.9%, Co: 0.2%, Ni: 0.2%, the balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, Ni+Co≥0.2%, Ni+Co+Fe≤0.6%, Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu≥99.5%, and the total is 100%.

[0090] The forming method of the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire based on the above beryllium copper alloy composition control comprises the following steps: S1, alloy proportioning is performed according to the mass ratio of Cu: Cu-2.5(wt%) Be: Ni: Co 133: 365: 1: 1, Cu: 2.66 kg, Cu-2.5(wt%) Be intermediate alloy: 7.3 kg, Ni: 20 g, Co: 20 g are weighed, and the total is 10 kg. Among them, the purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, the purity of Co is 99.99%, and vacuum continuous casting is adopted for smelting, when the vacuum degree reaches 6.5×10 -3 Pa, then the temperature is raised to 1135℃, and the refining is performed for 60 min, the whole smelting process is protected by high-purity argon, and the φ8 mm beryllium copper rod is drawn by vacuum directional solidification continuous casting technology, that is, the mother material, the continuous casting speed is 25 mm / min, the cooling water volume is 600 mL / min, and the cooling distance is 100 mm.

[0091] S2, the φ8 mm mother material is subjected to 3-stage drawing treatment, wherein, First-stage drawing: a single-mode precision wire arranging large drawing machine is adopted, under the condition of water-based lubricant, the deformation amount of each pass drawing is 20%, and the first intermediate drawn wire blank of φ1 mm is obtained, the drawing speed of each pass is 70 m / min, and the drawing force is 150 g.

[0092] Second stage drawing: the first intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ1mm is put into a bundle, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted, water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent is used as the cleaning medium, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the cleaning time is 30min, then pure water rinsing and drying are carried out; the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is collected into a winding disc after being aged in a vacuum atmosphere of not less than 2x10 -1 The first intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ1mm obtained by ultrasonic cleaning is aged in a vacuum atmosphere of not less than 2x10

[0093] A non-slip multi-mode wire drawing machine is adopted, the deformation of each pass is 15%, and the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1mm is obtained under the condition of water-based lubricant, the drawing speed of each pass is 100m / min, and the drawing force is 100g.

[0094] Third stage drawing: the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1mm is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic, ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and collection are carried out, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the collection speed is 12m / min, then pure water rinsing and drying are carried out; the second intermediate drawing state wire blank of φ0.1mm obtained by ultrasonic cleaning is put into a continuous annealing winding device for one-time annealing treatment, argon is used for protection, the heat treatment temperature is 520℃, the collection speed is 8m / min, and the protective gas flow is 0.6L / min.

[0095] A non-slip multi-mode wire drawing machine is adopted, the deformation of each pass is 12%, and the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire of φ0.015mm is obtained under the condition of fluorine oil-based metal wire drawing oil, the drawing speed of each pass is 300m / min, the drawing force is 8g, and the fluorine oil-based metal wire drawing oil is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the die and the second intermediate drawing state wire blank through a spraying device during the drawing process.

[0096] S3, the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire of φ0.015mm is continuously cleaned by ultrasonic, ultrasonic cleaning, pure water rinsing, drying and collection are carried out, the cleaning medium is water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent, the ultrasonic power is 80W, the frequency is 40KHz, and the collection speed is 20m / min; the tension of rewinding is 2.8g, and the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire of φ0.015mm is obtained.

[0097] Comparative example 1 A forming method of a copper alloy ultra-fine wire, comprising the following steps: S1, alloying ratio is carried out according to the mass ratio of Cu: Cu-4(wt%) Be: Ni: Co 521: 475: 2: 2, weighing Cu: 52.1 kg, Cu-4(wt%) Be intermediate alloy: 47.5 kg, Ni: 200 g, Co: 200 g, a total of 100 kg. Among them, the purity of Cu is 99.99%, the purity of Ni is 99.99%, and the purity of Co is 99.99%. Vacuum induction melting is carried out at a pressure of 10-4 Pa and a temperature of 1250℃ to obtain a liquid melt.

[0098] S2, the liquid melt is cast into a rod blank, and a direct current pulse electric field is used, wherein the frequency is 500 Hz, the voltage is 40 V, the current density is 7 A / cm 2 The current density is 7 A / cm The current density is 7 A / cm The beryllium copper alloy rod blank produced by horizontal continuous casting is removed by a special peeling machine to remove a surface layer of 0.5 mm to obtain a rod blank material with a diameter of about 13 mm, and then is processed into a wire blank with a diameter of about 8 mm by continuous rolling at room temperature. Then, the special drawing machine is used for drawing processing to obtain wire material coils with a diameter of 1 mm to 4 mm, and then the straightening and external grinding processing is carried out to obtain a certain length of beryllium copper wire product. The wire is drawn from 8 mm to 1 mm, the total deformation is large, the drawing pass is more (8→1 mm pass power is 10%, 1→0.08 pass power is 20%), and multiple solid solution heat treatments are required during the process to eliminate work hardening and make the drawing process proceed smoothly. The deformation between the two solid solution treatments is about 60%. The beryllium copper wire drawing process is as follows: 8 mm→5.6 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→4.1 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→3.1 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→2.1 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→1.5 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→1.3 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→1 mm (cleaning, solid solution)→0.4 mm (continuous cleaning, continuous annealing)→0.17 mm (continuous cleaning, continuous annealing)→0.08 mm. The solid solution process is: temperature 780℃, holding time 20 min, water quenching. The cleaning process before solid solution is: cleaning in 8% DX1898 triethanolamine oleic soap aqueous solution and under the condition of 80 W, 40 KHZ ultrasonic wave for 20 min. The continuous cleaning process: the cleaning medium is 8% DX1898 triethanolamine oleic soap aqueous solution, the ultrasonic wave power is 80 W, the frequency is 40 KHz, the take-up speed is 20 m / min, and Ar is used for protection during continuous annealing, the continuous annealing temperature is 325℃, the take-up speed is 25 m / min, and the Ar flow rate is 0.6 L / min, then pure water rinsing and drying.

[0099] The properties of the beryllium copper alloy ultra-fine wire material prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 are tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0100] Table 1 Properties of beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire prepared in Examples 1-6 As shown in Table 1, the test results of the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire prepared in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Preparation 1 in terms of tensile strength, elongation, hardness, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, the technical advantages of the forming method of the present application are exhibited. The diameter of the wire prepared in the present application (0.015mm-0.05mm) is smaller than that of the comparative preparation (0.08mm), while achieving finer size, the performance is fully up to standard or even better, solving the problem that traditional process cannot achieve fine diameter and high performance at the same time. Through flexible combination of process parameters (such as whether to have secondary continuous annealing, pass power, drawing speed control), the performance of the examples can be customized to adapt to the use requirements of different high-end fields such as aerospace and electronic information.

[0101] It should be noted that when numerical ranges are involved in the present application, both endpoints of each numerical range and any number between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the same steps and examples are used, the preferred embodiments of the present application are described to prevent redundancy. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments once they understand the basic inventive concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0102] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The beryllium copper alloy is alloyed according to the mass percentage of the alloying elements to form a mixture. The mass percentage of the beryllium copper alloying elements is as follows: Be 1.8%–2.0%, Co 0.1%–0.3%, Ni 0.1%–0.3%, Fe ≤ 0.2%, Ni+Co ≥ 0.2%, Ni+Co+Fe ≤ 0.6%, and Ni+Co+Fe+Be+Cu ≥ 99.5%. The mixed materials were smelted by vacuum continuous casting to obtain a base material with a diameter of 8mm to 10mm; the base material was then drawn in N stages, with N being 3 to 5, to obtain beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire with a diameter of 0.05mm to 0.015mm. During the N-stage drawing process, an intermediate drawn wire blank is obtained after the first N-1 stages of drawing. When the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is 0.1 mm, it is first subjected to aging solution treatment and then drawn. When the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is <0.1 mm, it is first subjected to continuous annealing treatment and then drawn. When the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is ≥0.1 mm, it is drawn under the action of a water-based lubricant. When the diameter of the intermediate drawn wire blank is <0.1 mm, it is drawn under the action of an oil-based lubricant.

2. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aging solution treatment is carried out under vacuum atmosphere protection, with a vacuum degree ≥0.2Pa, a temperature of 280℃~450℃, a holding time of 1h~4h, and a cooling method of water cooling.

3. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, Continuous annealing is an annealing process performed under a protective atmosphere at a temperature of 400℃~800℃, a protective gas flow rate of 0.4L / min~0.65L / min, a continuous annealing winding speed of 5m / min~30m / min, and a tension of 0.6g~2.8g during annealing and rewinding.

4. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drawing process consists of three stages, in which... In the first stage of drawing, the base material is drawn under the condition of water-based lubricant to obtain the first intermediate drawn wire blank. The diameter of the first drawn wire blank is one-eighth of the base material. In the second stage of drawing, the first intermediate drawing state wire blank is drawn under the condition of water-based lubricant to obtain the second intermediate drawing state wire blank, which is then subjected to aging and solution treatment. The diameter of the second drawing state wire blank is one-tenth of that of the first intermediate drawing state wire blank. In the third stage of drawing, the second intermediate drawing state wire blank is drawn under the condition of oil-based lubricant and then continuously annealed to obtain beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire with a diameter of 0.05mm~0.015mm.

5. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the three-stage pulling process: In the first stage of drawing, the deformation of each drawing pass is 15% to 25% until the first intermediate drawn wire blank is obtained. The drawing speed of each pass is 50m / min to 150m / min, and the drawing force is 20g to 300g. In the second stage of drawing, the deformation amount of each drawing pass is 8% to 18% until the second intermediate drawn wire blank is obtained. The drawing speed of each pass is 50m / min to 300m / min, and the drawing force is 20g to 300g. In the third stage of the drawing process, the deformation amount of each drawing pass is 8% to 15% until the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire is obtained. The drawing speed of each pass is 100m / min to 600m / min, and the drawing force is 1g to 15g.

6. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, After each stage of drawing, ultrasonic cleaning is performed using a water-soluble biodegradable cleaning agent as the cleaning medium. The ultrasonic power is 40W to 80W, and the frequency is 15KHz to 40KHz.

7. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, Water-based lubricants are used, while oil-based lubricants are fluorinated oil-based metal wire drawing oils.

8. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the N-stage drawing is completed, the beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire with a diameter of 0.05mm~0.015mm is subjected to a second continuous annealing treatment. The second continuous annealing is carried out under a protective atmosphere at a temperature of 400℃~800℃, a protective gas flow rate of 0.4L / min~0.65L / min, a continuous annealing winding speed of 5m / min~30m / min, and a tension of 0.6g~2.8g during annealing rewinding.

9. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beryllium copper alloy is composed of the following elements by mass percentage: Be: 1.8%~2.0%, Co: 0.2%~0.3%, Ni: 0.1%~0.3%, Fe≤0.2%, with the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, totaling 100%.

10. The method for forming beryllium copper alloy ultrafine wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, During vacuum continuous casting, the vacuum level is 10. -2 Pa ~ 5 × 10 -3 Pa, the melting temperature is 1200℃~1400℃, the continuous casting speed is 2mm / min~130mm / min, the cooling water flow rate is 1000mL / min~1400mL / min, and the cooling distance is 70mm~180mm.

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