Special-shaped rotary body part clamp based on machining center and using method of special-shaped rotary body part clamp

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped rotary part clamp based on a machining center and a using method of the special-shaped rotary part clamp. The clamp comprises a clamp body, a pressing plate and a positioning block. A pressing plate is arranged at the top of the clamp main body; and a positioning block is also arranged on the clamp main body. The using method comprises the following steps that A) the clamp main body is matched and positioned with a four-axis turntable pin through the positioning hole, and is fixed by a screw through the M8 threaded connection hole; b) an inner cavity of the part is in transition fit with a supporting boss, air pressure is exhausted through a flow guide exhaust hole, and stable attachment is ensured; c) matching the clamping groove of the positioning block with the outer boss of the part, and inserting the pin into the positioning identification hole to realize circumferential positioning; d, cylindrical bosses at the two ends of the pressing plate are inserted into the guide positioning holes, so that the middle of the face of the pressing plate is attached to the end face of the part and locked through M4 screws, and E, machining equipment is started, and a tool can smoothly conduct milling or drilling machining through a tool withdrawal groove area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fixture for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center and its usage method, belonging to the field of process equipment manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Irregularly shaped rotating parts are widely used in aerospace, energy, and mechanical transmission fields. Their enclosed internal cavity structure and complex shape make the clamping and positioning requirements during machining extremely high. Traditional fixtures mostly use general-purpose jaws or soft jaws, requiring multiple clamping and positioning operations, which leads to problems such as cumulative machining accuracy errors, low production efficiency, and clamping deformation. For parts with sealed internal cavities, air retention during clamping can cause assembly difficulties and affect positioning stability. Current technology lacks a high-precision fixture and its supporting methods that can be quickly customized for irregularly shaped rotating parts of different sizes and complete machining in a single clamping operation. This cannot meet current production models and customer delivery cycle requirements, putting them at a complete disadvantage in today's highly competitive manufacturing era. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the technical problem of high-precision fixtures and their supporting methods that can be quickly customized for irregularly shaped rotating parts of different sizes and complete the processing in one clamping, but cannot meet the current production mode and customer requirements for delivery cycle.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fixture for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center includes a fixture body, a pressure plate, and a positioning block; the top of the fixture body is provided with a pressure plate; the fixture body is also provided with a positioning block.

[0005] The fixture body includes a support boss, a guide positioning hole, an M4 threaded connection hole, a connecting boss, a base plate, a flow guide and exhaust hole, a positioning hole, a positioning mark hole, and an M8 threaded connection hole. The base plate has a support boss in the center. The diameter of the support boss is in transition fit with the inner cavity of the part to be processed. The top plane is used to support the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the part. The base plate is provided with a connecting boss and a positioning mark hole; The support boss is provided with a flow guide and exhaust hole and a positioning hole; The connecting boss is provided with an M4 threaded connection hole at the middle of its top, and guide positioning holes are provided on both sides of the M4 threaded connection hole. M8 threaded connection holes are provided on the base plate at positions corresponding to the air guide and exhaust holes. The air venting hole connects the support boss and the base plate.

[0006] The pressure plate includes a pressure plate surface, guide pins, screw holes, and a tool relief groove; A tool relief groove is provided between the cylindrical bosses at both ends of the pressure plate and the pressure plate surface in the middle; The cylindrical boss has a screw through hole in the middle, and guide pins are provided on both sides of the screw through hole.

[0007] The positioning block includes a slot and a positioning guide pin; The positioning block has a slot in the middle, and positioning guide pins are provided on the positioning blocks on both sides of the slot.

[0008] The positioning guide pin engages with the positioning mark hole, and the slot transitions with the protrusion on the part's shape.

[0009] The guide positioning hole and guide pin are positioned, and the screw through hole and M4 threaded connection hole are fixed by screws.

[0010] The number of the airflow guide and exhaust holes is two to six, and they are evenly distributed on the support boss.

[0011] A method for using a fixture for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center includes the following steps: A) Position the fixture body by engaging the four-axis rotary table pins through the positioning holes, and then secure it with screws through the M8 threaded connection holes; B) The inner cavity of the part is fitted with the support boss, and the air pressure is discharged through the guide exhaust hole to ensure a stable fit; C) The positioning block slot is engaged with the outer boss of the part, and its pin is inserted into the positioning mark hole to achieve circumferential positioning; D) Insert the cylindrical bosses at both ends of the pressure plate into the guide positioning holes so that the middle part of the pressure plate surface fits against the end face of the part, and tighten it with M4 screws; E) Start the machining equipment, and the cutting tool can smoothly perform milling or drilling through the relief groove area.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: This invention, after continuous theoretical analysis, data analysis, design and processing, and production verification, achieves one-time clamping and forming, reducing process changeover errors; utilizes internal cavity positioning to improve machining accuracy and stability; features a guide vent design to prevent internal air pressure from affecting the fit; employs a universal design method, enabling rapid development of similar fixtures of different sizes; and offers high machining safety, stable and reliable clamping, preventing part loosening. Compared to traditional fixture machining designs and methods, this invention meets the demands for high-precision machining, low cost, and high efficiency, playing a crucial role in improving quality, reducing costs, and increasing efficiency for enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Fixture body, 2. Pressure plate, 3. Positioning block.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the clamping fixture.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-1 Support boss, 1-2 Guide positioning hole, 1-3 M4 threaded connection hole, 1-4 Connecting boss, 1-5 Base plate, 1-6 Drainage and exhaust hole, 1-7 Positioning hole, 1-8 Positioning mark hole, 1-9 M8 threaded connection hole.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the medium pressure plate structure.

[0018] In the diagram: 2-1 pressure plate surface, 2-2 guide pin, 2-3 screw through hole, 2-4 tool relief groove.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Diagram of the positioning block structure.

[0020] In the diagram: 3-1 Card slot, 3-2 Positioning guide pin. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] A jig for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center, comprising a jig body 1, a pressure plate 2, and a positioning block 3; the jig body 1 is provided with a pressure plate 2 on its top; the jig body 1 is also provided with a positioning block 3.

[0023] The fixture body 1 includes a support boss 1-1, a guide positioning hole 1-2, an M4 threaded connection hole 1-3, a connecting boss 1-4, a base plate 1-5, a flow guide and exhaust hole 1-6, a positioning hole 1-7, a positioning mark hole 1-8, and an M8 threaded connection hole 1-9. The base plate 1-5 has a support boss 1-1 in the center. The diameter of the support boss 1-1 is in transition fit with the inner cavity of the part to be processed. The top plane is used to support the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the part. The base plate 1-5 is provided with a connecting boss 1-4 and a positioning mark hole 1-8; The support boss 1-1 is provided with a flow guide and exhaust hole 1-6 and a positioning hole 1-7; The connecting boss 1-4 is provided with an M4 threaded connection hole 1-3 at the top center position, and guide positioning holes 1-2 are provided on both sides of the M4 threaded connection hole 1-3. M8 threaded connection holes 1-9 are provided on the base plate 1-5 at positions corresponding to the guide and exhaust holes 1-6; The air guide and exhaust hole 1-6 passes through the support boss 1-1 and the base plate 1-5.

[0024] The pressure plate 2 includes a pressure plate surface 2-1, a guide pin 2-2, a screw through hole 2-3, and a tool relief groove 2-4; The cylindrical bosses at both ends of the pressure plate 2 are provided with a relief groove (2-4) between the pressure plate surface 2-1 in the middle. The cylindrical boss has a screw through hole 2-3 in the middle, and guide pins 2-2 are provided on both sides of the screw through hole 2-3.

[0025] The positioning block 3 includes a slot 3-1 and a positioning guide pin 3-2; The positioning block 3 has a slot 3-1 in the middle, and positioning guide pins 3-2 are provided on the positioning blocks 3 on both sides of the slot 3-1.

[0026] The positioning guide pin 3-2 cooperates with the positioning mark hole 1-8, and the slot 3-1 transitions with the protrusion of the part.

[0027] The guide positioning hole 1-2 is positioned with the guide pin 2-2, and the screw through hole 2-3 and the M4 threaded connection hole 1-3 are fixed by screws.

[0028] The number of the air guide and exhaust holes 1-6 is two to six, and they are evenly distributed on the support boss 1-1.

[0029] A method for using a fixture for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center includes the following steps: A) Position the fixture body 1 by engaging with the four-axis rotary table pin through the positioning holes 1-7, and fix it with screws through the M8 threaded connection holes 1-9; B) The inner cavity of the part is transitionally fitted with the support boss 1-1, and the air pressure is discharged through the guide exhaust hole 1-6 to ensure a stable fit; C) Match the slot 3-1 on the positioning block 3 with the outer boss of the part, and insert its pin into the positioning mark hole 1-8 to achieve circumferential positioning; D) Insert the cylindrical bosses at both ends of the pressure plate 2 into the guide positioning holes 1-2, so that the middle part of the pressure plate surface 2-1 is in contact with the end face of the part, and lock it with M4 screws; E) Start the machining equipment, and the cutting tool can smoothly perform milling or drilling through the retraction groove 2-4 area.

[0030] A method for designing a fixture for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center includes the following steps: A) Measure the internal cavity dimensions, external boss position, and end face features of the part to be processed; B) Determine the transition fit dimensions between the support boss 1-1 and the inner cavity of the part; the diameter of the guide and exhaust hole 1-6 is calculated based on the inner cavity volume. C) Adjust the diameter and thickness of base plates 1-5 to fit different turntable models and maintain support rigidity; D) The positions of positioning holes 1-7, positioning mark holes 1-8 and guide positioning holes 1-2 are optimized according to the shape of the part; E) The shape of the pressure plate 2 is adjusted according to the shape of the end face of the part to ensure that there is no interference with the tool path.

Claims

1. A fixture for irregularly shaped rotating parts based on a machining center, characterized in that: It includes a clamp body (1), a pressure plate (2) and a positioning block (3); the clamp body (1) is provided with a pressure plate (2) on top; the clamp body (1) is also provided with a positioning block (3).

2. The irregularly shaped rotating part fixture based on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture body (1) includes a support boss (1-1), a guide positioning hole (1-2), an M4 threaded connection hole (1-3), a connecting boss (1-4), a base plate (1-5), a flow guide and exhaust hole (1-6), a positioning hole (1-7), a positioning mark hole (1-8), and an M8 threaded connection hole (1-9). The base plate (1-5) has a support boss (1-1) in the center. The diameter of the support boss (1-1) is in transition fit with the inner cavity of the part to be processed, and the top plane is used to support the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the part. The base plate (1-5) is provided with a connecting boss (1-4) and a positioning mark hole (1-8). The support boss (1-1) is provided with a flow guide and exhaust hole (1-6) and a positioning hole (1-7). The connecting boss (1-4) has an M4 threaded connection hole (1-3) at the top center, and guide positioning holes (1-2) are provided on both sides of the M4 threaded connection hole (1-3). M8 threaded connection holes (1-9) are provided on the base plate (1-5) at positions corresponding to the flow guide and exhaust holes (1-6). The air vent (1-6) passes through the support boss (1-1) and the base plate (1-5).

3. The irregularly shaped rotating part fixture based on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (2) includes a pressure plate surface (2-1), a guide pin (2-2), a screw through hole (2-3), and a tool relief groove (2-4). The cylindrical bosses at both ends of the pressure plate (2) and the pressure plate surface (2-1) in the middle are provided with a relief groove (2-4). The cylindrical boss has a screw through hole (2-3) in the middle, and guide pins (2-2) are provided on both sides of the screw through hole (2-3).

4. The irregularly shaped rotating part fixture based on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning block (3) includes a slot (3-1) and a positioning guide pin (3-2); The positioning block (3) has a slot (3-1) in the middle, and positioning guide pins (3-2) are provided on the positioning blocks (3) on both sides of the slot (3-1).

5. The irregularly shaped rotating part fixture based on a machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning guide pin (3-2) cooperates with the positioning mark hole (1-8), and the slot (3-1) transitions with the part's outer boss.

6. The irregularly shaped rotating part fixture based on a machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide positioning hole (1-2) is positioned with the guide pin (2-2), and the screw through hole (2-3) and the M4 threaded connection hole (1-3) are fixed by screws.

7. The irregularly shaped rotating part fixture based on a machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the air vents (1-6) is 2-6, and they are evenly distributed on the support boss (1-1).

8. The method of using the irregular rotating part fixture based on a machining center as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: A) Position the fixture body (1) with the four-axis rotary table pin through the positioning hole (1-7), and fix it with screws through the M8 threaded connection hole (1-9); B) The inner cavity of the part is transitionally fitted with the support boss (1-1), and the air pressure is discharged through the guide exhaust hole (1-6) to ensure stable fit; C) The positioning block (3) slot (3-1) is matched with the outer boss of the part, and its pin is inserted into the positioning mark hole (1-8) to achieve circumferential positioning; D) Insert the cylindrical bosses at both ends of the pressure plate (2) into the guide positioning holes (1-2) so that the middle part of the pressure plate surface (2-1) fits against the end face of the part and is locked with M4 screws; E) Start the machining equipment, and the cutting tool can smoothly perform milling or drilling through the relief groove (2-4) area.

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