Excavator hydraulic oil tank and heat dissipation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an excavator hydraulic oil tank and a heat dissipation method thereof.The excavator hydraulic oil tank comprises a tank body, and an oil temperature sensor is arranged at the bottom of the tank body and used for monitoring the temperature of hydraulic oil; the oil level sensor and the hydraulic oil level gauge are installed on the same side of the box body, the oil level sensor is located below the hydraulic oil level gauge, and the controller is used for transmitting a hydraulic oil temperature signal and a signal that the hydraulic oil level is lower than the oil level sensor to a cab monitoring instrument and giving an alarm. The heat dissipation device is mounted at the lower half part of the box body and comprises a fan and a heat dissipation pipe; the heat dissipation pipe is arranged at the lower position in the box body, and the two ends of the heat dissipation pipe penetrate through the side wall of the box body and are connected with a threaded seat welded to the side wall of the box body in a sealed mode. The fan is installed outside the box body, and heat exchange is achieved for the heat dissipation pipe through drainage of the wind scooper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a hydraulic oil tank for excavators and a method for dissipating heat from it, belonging to the field of heat dissipation technology for engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] The hydraulic oil in an excavator is cooled primarily by a radiator to ensure suitable viscosity, allowing the excavator to operate continuously. Generally, the hydraulic oil alarm temperature for excavators is 90℃. Below this temperature, the excavator can operate, but high-temperature hydraulic oil has low viscosity, leading to internal leakage in the hydraulic system and affecting overall machine efficiency, resulting in low energy efficiency. High-temperature hydraulic oil alarms are more likely to occur when changing certain special attachments, such as logging implements or hydraulic breakers. Logging implement manufacturers, to ensure harvesting efficiency and reliability, require the hydraulic oil temperature of the main unit to not exceed 70℃.

[0003] Excavators that have already been designed, including models with direct-drive engine cooling, silicone oil clutch fan cooling, and independent hydraulic or electric fan cooling, have thermal balance that meets the needs of use in different climates throughout the year. They do not leave too much margin, which would cause the hydraulic oil temperature to fail to meet the requirements of some special attachments in high-temperature environments. Even for models with independent cooling, the OEM will not change the cooling configuration and control program to ensure that the hydraulic oil temperature does not exceed 70°C, because such changes would affect the water temperature and the efficiency of the intercooler intake.

[0004] In the market, additional electric fans are typically added to provide separate cooling for the machine's oil circuit to meet actual usage needs. However, these additional electronic cooling devices are usually temporarily placed in the machine rack or oil tank, and require modifications to the original machine's piping, affecting the overall appearance of the machine and lacking reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a hydraulic oil tank for excavators and a cooling method thereof. By arranging a through-cooling pipe in the lower half of the hydraulic oil tank and blowing air from one side with a fan, the air velocity and cooling efficiency inside the cooling pipe are increased, thereby achieving active cooling of the hydraulic oil tank and solving the problem of mismatch between the cooling capacity of the existing product and the additional attachments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives / to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution:

[0007] First aspect: A hydraulic oil tank for an excavator, comprising: The housing has an oil temperature sensor at its bottom for monitoring the hydraulic oil temperature. An oil level sensor and a hydraulic level gauge are installed on the same side of the housing, with the oil level sensor located below the hydraulic level gauge. A controller is configured to transmit signals of the hydraulic oil temperature and the oil level below the oil level sensor to the cab monitoring instrument and alarm; The heat dissipation device is installed at the lower half of the box body, and comprises a fan and a heat dissipation pipe; the heat dissipation pipe is arranged at a lower position inside the box body, and the two ends of the heat dissipation pipe penetrate through the side wall of the box body and are sealingly connected with the threaded seat welded to the side wall of the box body; the fan is installed outside the box body and realizes heat exchange for the heat dissipation pipe through the air guide cover.

[0008] Optionally, the heat dissipation pipe comprises a straight heat dissipation pipe and a special-shaped heat dissipation pipe, and the straight heat dissipation pipe and the special-shaped heat dissipation pipe are sealingly connected with the threaded seat welded to the side wall of the box body through a joint, a clamping sleeve and a nut respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the straight heat dissipation pipe and the special-shaped heat dissipation pipe are internally and externally provided with fins.

[0010] Optionally, a protective net is arranged outside the fan, and the fan and the protective net are installed at the air inlet of the air guide cover, and the air outlet of the air guide cover covers the area of the heat dissipation pipe.

[0011] Optionally, a partition plate is arranged inside the box body, and a slot is formed in the partition plate and used for allowing the heat dissipation pipe to penetrate through.

[0012] Optionally, a sealing rubber strip is arranged on the connecting surface of the air guide cover and the box body.

[0013] Optionally, the air guide cover can be extended above the box body or other areas according to the overall space layout.

[0014] Optionally, the fan is driven by an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, or the fan is a blowing device of a centrifugal fan or an axial flow fan.

[0015] The second aspect is a heat dissipation method of the box body of the excavator, and the method comprises the following steps of controlling the rotating speed of the fan according to the hydraulic oil temperature T collected by the oil temperature sensor by using the main controller. When T3 is less than the lower limit value Ta, the fan stops running; When Ta is less than or equal to T3 and the upper limit value Tb is greater than T3, the fan starts running and the rotating speed of the fan is increased with the increase of T3; When T3 is greater than or equal to Tb, the fan runs at the maximum rotating speed; The lower limit value Ta and the upper limit value Tb can be adjusted on the monitoring instrument.

[0016] Optionally, the main controller is configured to automatically reverse the fan after the fan continuously rotates forward for a preset time to clean the dust, and the fan resumes the forward rotation after cleaning the dust for a preset time.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: (1) The scheme of heat dissipation by heat exchange between high-speed air flow and hydraulic oil proposed in the present application will not pollute the hydraulic oil system even if the interface leaks, and the excavator can continue to work after the hydraulic oil is supplemented, which is more environmentally friendly and safe than the scheme of increasing cooling medium heat dissipation; (2) The hydraulic oil tank and the heat dissipation device with active heat dissipation proposed in the present application have smaller structural changes, lower cost and stronger implementability than the electronic fan heat dissipation and the above-mentioned existing patent technology. (3) The hydraulic oil tank active heat dissipation method proposed in the present application has a control strategy in line with logic, and the heat dissipation capacity can be adjusted according to the actual situation by adjusting the number of heat dissipation pipes and the control program, which is more energy-saving and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The oil tank structure schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 2 The oil tank internal structure schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 3 The internal partial structure schematic diagram of the present application is shown. Figure 4 The cross-sectional view of the present application is shown. Figure 5 The control schematic diagram of the present application is shown. In the figure: 1, tank body; 2, oil temperature sensor; 3, oil level sensor; 4, hydraulic oil level gauge; 5, heat dissipation device; 51, fan; 52, protective net; 53, air guide cover; 54, straight heat dissipation pipe; 55, special-shaped heat dissipation pipe; 56, joint; 57, clamping sleeve; 58, nut; 101, threaded seat; 102, oil tank partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the present application is further described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features referred to. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" and the like can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] As shown in Figures 1-4 , a kind of excavator hydraulic oil tank is disclosed, mainly by tank 1, oil temperature sensor 2, oil level sensor 3, hydraulic oil level gauge 4 and heat dissipation device 5, with the functions of storing hydraulic oil, filtering hydraulic system impurities, monitoring hydraulic oil temperature, warning hydraulic oil level, active heat dissipation; Oil temperature sensor 2 is installed at the bottom of tank 1, which can monitor the temperature of hydraulic oil in real time and transmit to the cab monitoring instrument through the main controller; Oil level sensor 3 and hydraulic oil level gauge 4 are installed on the same side of tank 1, and oil level sensor 3 is located below hydraulic oil level gauge 4. When the hydraulic oil level of the vehicle is lower than the oil level sensor 3, the main controller transmits the signal to the cab monitoring instrument after collecting the signal, and the monitoring instrument appears pop-up window and buzzer alarm; Heat dissipation device 5 is installed in the lower half of tank 1, which is installed in the lower half of tank 1, including fan 51, straight heat pipe 54 and special-shaped heat pipe 55;The straight heat pipe 54 and special-shaped heat pipe 55 are arranged at the lower position inside the tank 1, and the two ends penetrate the side wall of the tank 1 and are sealedly connected with the threaded seat 101 welded on the side wall of the tank;The fan 51 is installed outside the tank 1, and the straight heat pipe 54 and the special-shaped heat pipe 55 are drained by the wind scoop 53 to realize heat exchange.

[0024] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the protective net 52 is arranged outside the fan 51, adopts a double-layer structure of an outer steel frame and an inner fine mesh, and mainly functions to protect the fan and avoid damage to the fan blades caused by the suction of sundries. The connecting surface of the air guide cover 53 and the box body 1 is provided with a sealing rubber strip, which can effectively reduce the dispersion of the air sucked by the fan 51 to the surrounding, and ensure the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0025] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 shown, the box body 1 is provided with a threaded seat 101 and a partition plate 102. The threaded seat 101 is sealingly welded on the side wall of the box body 1 and is used in cooperation with the sealing assembly of the heat dissipation pipe. The partition plate 102 is fixedly welded inside the box body 1 and mainly functions to reduce the impact of the surge generated when the whole machine shakes on the box body 1. The partition plate is provided with a slot to allow the heat dissipation pipe to pass through.

[0026] Further, in the embodiment, the number of threaded seats 101 is related to the required number of heat dissipation pipes. A plurality of threaded seats 101 can be reserved in the box body 1, and the unused threaded seats 101 are sealed by plugs.

[0027] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 shown, the protective net 52 is arranged outside the fan 51, adopts a double-layer structure of an outer steel frame and an inner fine mesh, and mainly functions to protect the fan and avoid damage to the fan blades caused by the suction of sundries. The connecting surface of the air guide cover 53 and the box body 1 is provided with a sealing rubber strip, which can effectively reduce the dispersion of the air sucked by the fan 51 to the surrounding, and ensure the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0028] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 shown, the heat dissipation pipe penetrates the box body 1 and is provided with a straight heat dissipation pipe 54 and a special-shaped heat dissipation pipe 55. The special-shaped heat dissipation pipe 55 is mainly used to avoid the partition plate 102 and the filter element inside the box body 1, and requires smooth transition of the pipeline to reduce the resistance of the internal air flow.

[0029] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 shown, the heat dissipation pipe adopts a sleeve type sealing structure. The end of the heat dissipation pipe extends out of the side wall of the box body 1 and sequentially penetrates the threaded seat 101, the joint 56, the sleeve 57 and the nut 58. The threaded seat 101 is sealingly welded on the side wall of the box body 1, and the joint 56, the sleeve 57 and the nut 58 are sequentially fixed, thereby realizing the sealing of the port.

[0030] Further, in the embodiment, the heat dissipation pipe generally adopts a round pipe, and can also adopt a spliced square pipe or a rectangular pipe. The heat dissipation pipe can be provided with fins inside to increase the contact area with the flowing air and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The heat dissipation pipe can be provided with fins outside to increase the contact area with the hydraulic oil and improve the heat absorption efficiency.

[0031] During implementation, the number of heat dissipation pipes in heat dissipation device 5 can be adjusted according to the overall heat dissipation requirements of the machine. The more heat dissipation pipes are arranged, the greater the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0032] In the specific implementation process of this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the layout of the air guide shroud 53 can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the excavator. The air guide shroud 53 can be adjusted to extend above the housing 1 or other areas with sufficient space. The fan 51 and the protective net 52 are installed at the air intake position of the air guide shroud 53, and the air outlet position of the air guide shroud 53 still covers the heat dissipation pipe area.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the hydraulic oil tank is working: the fan 51 rotates to draw in ambient air from the outside. The temperature of the drawn-in air is T1. The drawn-in air is guided by the air guide shroud 53 and passes through multiple sets of straight heat dissipation pipes 54 and irregular heat dissipation pipes 55 arranged in the tank body 1. The air exchanges heat with the hydraulic oil in the heat dissipation pipes. Finally, the air is discharged at the other end of the heat dissipation pipes. The temperature of the discharged air is T2. Under normal circumstances, the hydraulic oil temperature T3 of the excavator during operation is greater than the ambient air temperature T1, so the temperature of the discharged air T2 should also be higher than T1.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A method for cooling the hydraulic oil tank of an excavator, the specific method is as follows: like Figure 5 As shown, the main controller is connected to the oil temperature sensor 2, oil level sensor 3, fan controller and monitoring instrument via an electrical CAN line.

[0036] The fan speed of 51 is adjusted according to the hydraulic oil temperature T3. The main controller controls the fan speed of 51 by collecting parameters from the oil temperature sensor 2, and the determination conditions are as follows: ① Hydraulic oil temperature T3 < calibrated lower limit T a The fan (51) is not spinning; ② Calibration lower limit value T a ≤ Hydraulic oil temperature T3 < Calibrated upper limit T b Gradually turn on the cooling function of fan 51, and increase the speed of fan 51 as the hydraulic oil temperature T3 increases; ③ Calibrate the upper limit value T b ≤ Hydraulic oil temperature T3, fan 51 maintains maximum speed.

[0037] The lower limit Ta and upper limit Tb of the hydraulic oil temperature calibration mentioned above are adjustable on the instrument.

[0038] If the fan 51 rotates forward for a long time, it will attract some debris to the protective mesh 52, which will affect the heat dissipation effect. The main controller is set to automatically reverse the direction to clean the dust after the fan 51 rotates forward continuously for a certain period of time, and automatically resume forward rotation after cleaning the dust for a certain period of time.

[0039] The continuous forward rotation time and the reverse rotation time of the fan 51 are adjustable on the instrument.

[0040] The fan 51 can be driven by an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.

[0041] The fan 51 can be replaced by a centrifugal fan, an axial fan or other air blowing devices.

[0042] The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic oil tank for an excavator, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) is equipped with an oil temperature sensor (2) at the bottom of the housing (1) for monitoring the hydraulic oil temperature; An oil level sensor (3) and a hydraulic level gauge (4) are installed on the same side of the housing (1), with the oil level sensor (3) located below the hydraulic level gauge (4). The controller is used to transmit the hydraulic oil temperature signal and the hydraulic oil level signal that is lower than the oil level sensor (3) to the cab monitoring instrument and alarm; The heat dissipation device (5) is installed in the lower half of the box (1) and includes a fan (51) and a heat dissipation pipe; the heat dissipation pipe is arranged in the lower part of the box (1), and its two ends pass through the side wall of the box (1) and are sealed to the threaded seat (101) welded to the side wall of the box (1); the fan (51) is installed outside the box (1) and the air is guided to the heat dissipation pipe through the air guide shroud (53) to achieve heat exchange.

2. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation pipe includes a straight heat dissipation pipe (54) and a non-circular heat dissipation pipe (55), wherein the heat dissipation pipe (54) and the non-circular heat dissipation pipe (55) are respectively sealed to the threaded seat (101) welded to the side wall of the box through a connector (56), a ferrule (57) and a nut (58).

3. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The straight heat sink (54) and the irregular heat sink (55) are provided with fins inside and outside.

4. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan (51) is provided with a protective net (52) on the outside. The fan (51) and the protective net (52) are installed at the air intake of the air guide shroud (53). The air outlet of the air guide shroud (53) covers the heat dissipation pipe area.

5. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box (1) is provided with a partition (102) inside, and the partition (102) has a slot for heat dissipation pipes to pass through.

6. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection surface between the air guide hood (53) and the box body (1) is provided with sealing strips.

7. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guide shroud (53) can extend above the housing (1) or to other areas according to the overall spatial layout of the machine.

8. The excavator hydraulic oil tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan (51) is driven by an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, or the fan (51) is a blowing device of a centrifugal fan or an axial fan.

9. A heat dissipation method for an excavator housing as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method includes the main controller controlling the fan (51) speed according to the hydraulic oil temperature T3 collected by the oil temperature sensor (2), as follows: When T3 < the calibrated lower limit value Ta, the fan (51) stops running; When Ta ≤ T3 < the calibrated upper limit value Tb, the fan (51) starts and its speed increases as T3 increases; When T3 ≥ Tb, the fan (51) operates at its maximum speed; The lower calibration limit Ta and the upper calibration limit Tb can be adjusted on the monitoring instrument.

10. The heat dissipation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The main controller sets the fan (51) to rotate forward continuously for a preset time and then automatically reverse to perform dust cleaning. After the dust cleaning continues for a preset time, it resumes forward rotation.

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