Exploration drilling machine self-adaptive to stratum hardness

Abstract

The invention discloses an exploration drilling machine self-adaptive to stratum hardness, and belongs to the technical field of drilling machines. Comprising a rack and a sliding frame, and the sliding frame is installed on the rack in an up-down sliding mode. The gearbox is fixedly installed in the sliding frame, the input end of the gearbox is in transmission connection with a driving motor, one end of the gearbox is provided with a differential hydraulic cylinder, and a telescopic piston rod is slidably connected into the differential hydraulic cylinder. The far end of the piston rod is connected with a transmission assembly in the gearbox so as to control the rotating speed of the output end of the gearbox. The problems that the rotating speed of the drilling machine is too high, a drill bit is abraded violently, teeth are broken and even fractured easily when the drilling machine encounters a hard rock stratum, the drilling efficiency is reduced, the equipment maintenance cost and the operation risk are increased, and on the contrary, if the rotating speed is too low in a soft stratum, the drilling time is remarkably prolonged, energy waste is caused, and the drilling cost is reduced are solved. And the overall exploration progress is influenced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling machines, in particular to a survey drilling machine capable of adapting to stratum hardness. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of geological exploration, mineral resources exploration, engineering geological investigation and environmental geological assessment, survey drilling machines, as core equipment, undertake key tasks such as obtaining underground rock and soil samples, determining stratum structure and physical and mechanical parameters.

[0003] Traditional survey drilling machines usually drive the drill bit to rotate by fixed rotating speed or manual speed adjustment with limited gears. However, in the actual drilling process, the stratum conditions are complex and changeable, and the stratum at different depths often presents significant differences in hardness, strength, abrasiveness and integrity. If the rotating speed of the drilling machine is too high, it is easy to cause the drill bit to be severely worn, the teeth to be broken or even the drill bit to be broken when encountering hard rock stratum, which not only reduces the drilling efficiency, but also increases the equipment maintenance cost and operation risk. On the contrary, if a too low rotating speed is used in soft stratum, the drilling time will be significantly prolonged, causing energy waste and affecting the overall exploration progress.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a survey drilling machine capable of adapting to stratum hardness to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] Based on the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a survey drilling machine capable of adapting to stratum hardness to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a survey drilling machine capable of adapting to stratum hardness, comprising a rack and a sliding frame, the sliding frame being installed on the rack in a sliding manner up and down; The gearbox is fixedly installed in the sliding frame, the input end of the gearbox is drivingly connected with a driving motor, one end of the gearbox is provided with a differential hydraulic cylinder, the differential hydraulic cylinder is slidingly connected with a telescopic piston rod, the distal end of the piston rod is connected with a transmission assembly in the gearbox to control the rotating speed of the output end of the gearbox; A drill rod having a hollow portion is drivingly connected at one end with the output end of the gearbox and at the other end with a drill bit having a cavity, the cavity is slidingly connected with a probe in an up and down manner, the lowermost end of the probe protrudes from the drill bit; A pipeline system is located in the hollow portion of the drill rod and is filled with transmission medium inside, one end of the pipeline system is connected with one end of the probe, and the other end is connected with the differential hydraulic cylinder, when the probe moves towards the drill bit, the differential hydraulic cylinder drives the piston rod to extend to change the meshing of the transmission assembly in the gearbox, so that the rotating speed of the output end of the gearbox slows down, so that the rotating speed of the drill bit slows down.

[0007] Further, the transmission assembly is located in the gearbox and has an input shaft, a transmission shaft and an output shaft, the transmission shaft is located between the input shaft and the output shaft, one end of the input shaft is connected with the driving motor through a belt for power transmission; The first small gear and the first large gear are fixedly connected to the input shaft; The second small gear and the second large gear are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod through a sliding bearing; The third small gear and the fourth small gear are fixedly connected to the output shaft.

[0008] Further, the first large gear and the second small gear are engaged in normal state, the second large gear and the third small gear are engaged, when the piston rod is extended to push the transmission shaft to displace, the first small gear and the second large gear are engaged, and the second large gear and the fourth small gear are engaged.

[0009] Further, the top end of the sliding frame is fixedly connected with a vertical bearing seat and a connecting seat, one end of the input shaft is located in the vertical bearing seat, and one side of the sliding frame is fixedly connected with a horizontal bearing seat; The transmission assembly further comprises a driving rod, a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the driving rod and engaged with the driving bevel gear, the driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft, and the upper and lower ends of the driving rod are located in the horizontal bearing seat; The bottom end of the driving rod is fixedly connected with the drill rod, and the other end is located in the connecting seat, and the upper end of the connecting seat is fixedly connected with a drain pipe.

[0010] Further, the drain pipe, the cavity, the hollow part and the driving rod are communicated.

[0011] Further, the pipeline system comprises a hose, a clamp, a dry joint, a tee joint and a straight pipe, the length of the hose is greater than the length of the drill rod, and the hose is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow part through a plurality of clamps; The dry joint has a joint female end and a joint male end, the joint female end is located at the upper end of the hose, and the joint male end is located at the lower end of the hose; The drill bit is fixedly connected with a support plate, the support plate is located in the cavity, one end of the straight pipe is fixedly connected with the support plate, the other end has a joint female end, and the probe is slidingly installed in the support plate and located in the straight pipe at one end; The differential hydraulic cylinder has an oil inlet and an oil return; The tee joint is located outside the drill rod and has a first interface, a second interface and a third interface, the first interface is communicated with the hose through a rotary joint, the second interface is communicated with the oil inlet, and the third interface is communicated with the oil return.

[0012] Further, the hose, tee, straight pipe and differential hydraulic cylinder are all connected with each other and filled with transmission medium.

[0013] Further, the cavity has an elastic rope; The probe has a protruding part outwardly protruding, the protruding part is located in the cavity, one end of the elastic rope is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cavity, and the other end is fixedly connected with the protruding part.

[0014] Further, one end of the drill rod has an internal thread part, and the other end has an external thread part matched with the internal thread part. The top of the drill bit has a drill bit internal thread matched with the external thread part.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are that the exploration drilling machine with self-adaptive formation hardness provided by the present application is provided with a probe and a pipeline system, when the probe touches a hard formation, it is retracted inwardly, the signal is transmitted to the differential hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic medium in the pipeline system, the piston rod is immediately extended to control the transmission assembly in the gearbox to reengage, so that the output rotation speed is slowed down, the rotation speed of the drill bit is reduced, the service life of the drill bit is greatly protected, the probe is reset in time when it touches a soft formation through the setting of the elastic rope, the rotation speed of the drill bit is increased, the drilling efficiency is improved, the working time is shortened, the drilling speed is too high, the drill bit is easily abraded, the teeth are easily broken or even broken when hard rock layers are encountered, not only the drilling efficiency is reduced, but also the equipment maintenance cost and operation risk are increased, on the contrary, if a too low rotation speed is used in a soft formation, the drilling time is significantly prolonged, energy is wasted, and the overall exploration progress is affected. The dry joint is provided, the medium in the pipeline can be kept in a sealed state when the joint is not connected, leakage can be prevented when the joint is connected, the efficiency of drill rod replacement can be improved, and the working efficiency of the whole drilling machine operation can be improved.

[0016] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part of the present application and serve to provide further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is the overall schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 It is the overall back view schematic view of the present application; Figure 3 It is the overall back view schematic view of the present application; Figure 2Amplified schematic view of the middle A region; Figure 4 Schematic view of the gearbox of the present application; Figure 5 Schematic view of the drill rod of the present application; Figure 6 Schematic view of the tee of the present application; Figure 7 Schematic view of the drill bit of the present application; Figure 8 Schematic view of the drill bit of the present application; Figure 9 Schematic view of the Figure 8 Schematic view of the middle A region; Figure 10 Schematic view of the gear engagement in slow state of the present application; Figure 11 Schematic view of the probe retraction of the present application; In the drawings, various reference numerals represent various features that will be discussed below. 1. frame; 2. sliding frame; 21. vertical bearing seat; 22. connecting seat; 23. horizontal bearing seat; 24. driving rod; 25. driving bevel gear; 26. driven bevel gear; 3. driving motor; 4. gearbox; 41. input shaft; 411. first pinion; 412. first bevel gear; 42. gear shifting shaft; 421. second pinion; 422. second bevel gear; 43. output shaft; 431. third pinion; 432. fourth pinion; 5. differential hydraulic cylinder; 51. oil inlet; 52. oil return; 53. piston rod; 6. drill rod; 601. hollow part; 61. internal thread part; 62. external thread part; 7. pipeline system; 71. hose; 72. clamp; 73. female joint; 74. male joint; 75. tee; 751. first interface; 752. second interface; 753. third interface; 8. drill bit; 801. cavity; 802. drill bit internal thread; 81. probe; 811. protruding part; 82. support plate; 83. straight pipe; 84. elastic rope; 9. drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0019] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1-11 The present application provides a technical solution: a self-adaptive stratum hardness exploration drilling rig, comprising a rack 1 and a sliding frame 2, the sliding frame 2 is slidably installed on the rack 1; A gearbox 4 is fixedly installed in the sliding frame 2, the input end of the gearbox 4 is drivingly connected with a driving motor 3, one end of the gearbox 4 has a differential hydraulic cylinder 5, a telescopic piston rod 53 is slidably connected in the differential hydraulic cylinder 5, the distal end of the piston rod 53 is connected with a transmission assembly in the gearbox 4 to control the rotating speed of the output end of the gearbox 4; A drill rod 6 has a hollow part 601 and is drivingly connected with the output end of the gearbox 4 at one end, and is fixedly connected with a drill bit 8 having a cavity 801 at the other end, the cavity 801 has a probe 81 slidably connected therein, the lowermost end of the probe 81 protrudes from the drill bit 8; A pipeline system 7 is located in the hollow part 601 of the drill rod 6 and is filled with transmission medium inside, one end of the pipeline system 7 is connected with one end of the probe 81, and the other end is connected with the differential hydraulic cylinder 5, when the probe 81 moves towards the drill bit 8, the differential hydraulic cylinder 5 is driven by the pipeline system 7 to extend the piston rod 53 to change the engagement of the transmission assembly in the gearbox 4, so that the rotating speed of the output end of the gearbox 4 slows down, so that the rotating speed of the drill bit 8 slows down.

[0021] The transmission assembly is located in the gearbox 4 and has an input shaft 41, a variable speed shaft 42 and an output shaft 43, the variable speed shaft 42 is located between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 43, one end of the input shaft 41 is power-transmitted with the driving motor 3 through a belt; The input shaft 41 is fixedly connected with a first pinion 411 and a first gear 412; The variable speed shaft 42 is fixedly connected with a second pinion 421 and a second gear 422 and is fixedly connected with the end of the piston rod 53 through a sliding bearing at one end; The output shaft 43 is fixedly connected with a third pinion 431 and a fourth pinion 432.

[0022] In normal state, the first large gear 412 and the second small gear 421 are engaged, the second large gear 422 and the third small gear 431 are engaged, when the piston rod 53 is extended to push the transmission shaft 42 to displace, the first small gear 411 and the second large gear 422 are engaged, and the second large gear 422 and the fourth small gear 432 are engaged.

[0023] The top end of the sliding frame 2 is fixedly connected with a vertical bearing seat 21 and a connecting seat 22, one end of the input shaft 41 is located in the vertical bearing seat 21, one side of the sliding frame 2 is fixedly connected with a horizontal bearing seat 23; The transmission assembly further comprises a driving rod 24, a driving bevel gear 25 and a driven bevel gear 26, the driven bevel gear 26 is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral wall of the driving rod 24 and engaged with the driving bevel gear 25, the driving bevel gear 25 is fixedly connected with one end of the output shaft 43, and the upper and lower ends of the driving rod 24 are located in the horizontal bearing seat 23; The bottom end of the driving rod 24 is fixedly connected with the drill rod 6, and the other end is located in the connecting seat 22, and the upper end of the connecting seat 22 is fixedly connected with a drain pipe 9.

[0024] The drain pipe 9, the cavity 801, the hollow part 601 and the driving rod 24 are all communicated.

[0025] The pipeline system 7 comprises a hose 71, a clamp 72, a dry joint, a tee joint 75 and a straight pipe 83, the length of the hose 71 is greater than the length of the drill rod 6 and is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow part 601 through several clamps 72. The dry joint has a joint female end 73 and a joint male end 74, the joint female end 73 is located at the upper end of the hose 71, and the joint male end 74 is located at the lower end of the hose 71. The drill bit 8 is fixedly connected with a support plate 82, the support plate 82 is located in the cavity 801, one end of the straight pipe 83 is fixedly connected with the support plate 82, the other end has the joint female end 73, and the probe 81 is slidingly installed in the support plate 82 and located at one end of the straight pipe 83. The differential hydraulic cylinder 5 has an oil inlet 51 and an oil return 52. The tee joint 75 is located outside the drill rod 6 and has a first interface 751, a second interface 752 and a third interface 753, the first interface 751 is communicated with the hose 71 through a rotary joint, the second interface 752 is communicated with the oil inlet 51, and the third interface 753 is communicated with the oil return 52.

[0026] The hose 71, the tee joint 75, the straight pipe 83 and the differential hydraulic cylinder 5 are all communicated with each other and filled with transmission medium.

[0027] The cavity 801 has an elastic rope 84; The probe 81 has a protruding part 811 protruding outwardly, the protruding part 811 is located in the cavity 801, one end of the elastic rope 84 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cavity 801, and the other end is fixedly connected with the protruding part 811.

[0028] One end of the drill rod 6 has an internal thread part 61, and the other end has an external thread part 62 matched with the internal thread part 61; The top of the drill bit 8 has a drill bit internal thread 802 matched with the external thread part 62.

[0029] In one embodiment, how the exploration drilling machine works

[0030] Specifically, the hose 71 is fixed on the clamp 72, the female joint 73 at the upper end of the hose 71 is connected with the male joint 74 of the tee joint 75, so that the hose 71 communicates with the tee joint 75, the connected pipeline needs to pass through the drain pipe 9, under the action of the rotary joint, the tee joint 75 does not rotate with the rotation of the hose 71, then the second interface 752 is connected with the oil inlet 51, the third interface 753 is connected with the oil return port 52, then the male joint 74 at the lower end of the hose 71 is connected with the female joint 73 of the straight pipe 83, then the internal thread part 61 at the upper end of the drill rod 6 is connected and fixed with the driving rod 24, and the external thread part 62 is matched with the drill bit internal thread 802 to fix the drill bit 8, at this time, the connection of the pipeline system 7 has been completed, because the dry joint is adopted, the transmission medium in the pipeline system 7 will not leak when the pipeline is in an unconnected state; The pulley device is connected to the sliding frame 2 to move up and down, at this time, the driving motor 3 is started, the output end of the driving motor 3 transmits power to the input shaft 41 through the belt, at this time, the input shaft 41 rotates, the first large gear 412 and the second small gear 421 engage to drive the speed change shaft 42 to rotate, the second large gear 422 and the third small gear 431 engage to drive the output shaft 43 to rotate, at this time, the first large gear 412 acts as a driving wheel, according to the basic principle of gear transmission, the second small gear 421 engaged with the first large gear 412 rotates at a higher speed, so the speed change shaft 42 also rotates quickly, the output shaft 43 drives the driving bevel gear 25 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 26 engaged with the driving bevel gear 25 rotates, then the driving rod 24 rotates, the drill rod 6 connected with the driving rod 24 rotates, and the drill bit 8 also rotates; At this time, the pulley device is controlled to move the sliding frame 2 downward to drive the drill bit 8 to drill downward to the ground, at this time, the probe 81 first contacts the ground, when the soft ground is encountered, the resistance of the probe 81 to the ground is less than the pulling force of the elastic rope 84 to the probe 81, the probe 81 will not be retracted into the drill bit 8, at this time, the drill bit 8 drills the ground; When the probe 81 encounters a harder stratum, the needle tip of the probe 81 is in contact with the stratum and retracts into the drill bit 8. The elastic cord 84 has a certain elasticity. At this time, the upper end of the drill bit 8 pushes the transmission medium in the straight pipe 83, which includes but is not limited to hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil reaches the tee joint 75 through the hose 71, enters the oil inlet 51 from the second interface 752, and reenters the tee joint 75 from the oil return port 52. At this time, the piston rod 53 extends outward; When the probe 81 retracts to the specified position, the piston rod 53 extends to the farthest limit position. At this time, the first pinion 411 and the second gear 422 in the gearbox 4 are engaged, and the second gear 422 is engaged with the fourth pinion 432. At this time, the first pinion 411 acts as a driving wheel. According to the basic principle of gear transmission, the second gear 422 engaged with it has a lower speed than the first gear 412. Therefore, the speed of the transmission shaft 42 also slows down, and the speed of the output shaft 43 also slows down, and the speed of the drill bit 8 also slows down, which can reduce the speed and prevent excessive wear of the drill bit 8 in hard strata. When the drill bit 8 moves down to the soft stratum, the elastic cord 84 releases the elastic force, and the probe 81 moves downward, thereby driving the piston rod 53 to retract through the pipeline system 7, so that the transmission assembly in the gearbox returns to the state where the first gear 412 and the second pinion 421 are engaged, and the second gear 422 and the third pinion 431 are engaged. The drill bit 8 continues to rotate rapidly.

[0031] In another embodiment, how to replace the drill rod

[0032] Specifically, when the sliding frame 2 descends to the lower limit position, the drill bit 8 also reaches the lower limit position at this time, and the drill rod 6 needs to be increased to make the drill bit 8 continue to move downward. At this time, the drill rod 6 is separated from the driving rod 24, and the dry joint connected thereto is separated. Then, the sliding frame 2 is lifted upward, a new drill rod 6 is connected, the joint male end 74 of the hose 71 in the new drill rod 6 is connected with the joint female end 73 at the lower end, the joint female end 73 at the upper end is connected with the joint male end 74 connected with the tee joint 75. Then, the drill rod 6 is rotated to be fixed with the lower drill rod 6 and the upper driving rod 24. The drill rod 6 is replaced in the above manner to gradually deepen the drilling depth of the drill bit 8.

[0033] In summary, the drilling machine is provided with the probe 81 and the pipeline system 7, when the probe 81 touches the hard stratum, it is retracted inwardly, the signal is transmitted to the differential hydraulic cylinder 5 through the hydraulic medium in the pipeline system 7, the piston rod 53 is immediately extended to control the transmission assembly in the gearbox 4 to reengage, so that the output speed is slowed down, the rotation speed of the drill bit 8 is reduced, the service life of the drill bit 8 is greatly protected, the probe 81 is reset in time when it touches the soft stratum through the setting of the elastic rope 84, the rotation speed of the drill bit 8 is increased, the drilling efficiency is improved, the working time is shortened, the drilling speed is too high, the drill bit 8 is easily abraded, the teeth are broken or even broken when the hard rock layer is encountered, not only the drilling efficiency is reduced, but also the equipment maintenance cost and operation risk are increased, on the contrary, if the too low rotation speed is used in the soft stratum, the drilling time is prolonged, the energy is wasted, the overall exploration progress is affected; The dry joint is provided, the medium in the pipeline can be kept in the sealed state when the joint is not connected, the leakage can be prevented when the joint is connected, the efficiency of the drill pipe 6 replacement can be improved, and the working efficiency of the whole drilling machine operation can be improved.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above, but the present application is not limited to the above, and various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An exploration drilling rig that adapts to formation hardness, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1) and a sliding frame (2), wherein the sliding frame (2) is slidably mounted on the frame (1); The gearbox (4) is fixedly installed in the sliding frame (2). The input end of the gearbox (4) is connected to a drive motor (3). One end of the gearbox (4) has a differential hydraulic cylinder (5). A telescopic piston rod (53) is slidably connected in the differential hydraulic cylinder (5). The far end of the piston rod (53) is connected to the transmission component in the gearbox (4) to control the speed of the output end of the gearbox (4). The drill rod (6) has a hollow part (601) inside and one end is connected to the output end of the gearbox (4) for transmission, and the other end is fixedly connected to the drill bit (8) with a cavity (801). The cavity (801) has a probe (81) that is slidably connected up and down, and the lowermost end of the probe (81) protrudes out of the drill bit (8). The pipeline system (7) is located inside the hollow part (601) of the drill rod (6) and is filled with transmission medium. One end of the pipeline system (7) is connected to one end of the probe (81) and the other end is connected to the differential hydraulic cylinder (5). When the probe (81) moves toward the drill bit (8), the pipeline system (7) drives the differential hydraulic cylinder (5) to extend the piston rod (53) to change the meshing of the transmission components in the gearbox (4), so that the output speed of the gearbox (4) slows down, thereby slowing down the speed of the drill bit (8).

2. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly is located inside the gearbox (4) and has an input shaft (41), a gear shift shaft (42) and an output shaft (43). The gear shift shaft (42) is located between the input shaft (41) and the output shaft (43). One end of the input shaft (41) is connected to the drive motor (3) via a belt for power transmission. The input shaft (41) is fixedly connected to a first pinion (411) and a first gear (412). The gearbox (42) is fixedly connected to a second pinion (421) and a second gear (422), and one end is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod (53) through a sliding bearing. The output shaft (43) is fixedly connected with a third pinion (431) and a fourth pinion (432).

3. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 2, characterized in that: Under normal conditions, the first large gear (412) and the second small gear (421) mesh, and the second large gear (422) and the third small gear (431) mesh. When the piston rod (53) extends and pushes the transmission shaft (42) to move, the first small gear (411) and the second large gear (422) mesh, and at the same time, the second large gear (422) meshes with the fourth small gear (432).

4. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the sliding frame (2) is fixedly connected to a vertical bearing seat (21) and a connecting seat (22), one end of the input shaft (41) is located inside the vertical bearing seat (21), and a horizontal bearing seat (23) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame (2). The transmission assembly also includes a drive rod (24), an active bevel gear (25), and a driven bevel gear (26). The driven bevel gear (26) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the drive rod (24) and meshes with the active bevel gear (25). The active bevel gear (25) is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft (43). Both the upper and lower ends of the drive rod (24) are located in the horizontal bearing seat (23). The bottom end of the drive rod (24) is fixedly connected to the drill rod (6), and the other end is located in the connecting seat (22). The upper end of the connecting seat (22) is fixedly connected to the drain pipe (9).

5. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drain pipe (9), cavity (801), hollow part (601) and drive rod (24) are all connected.

6. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline system (7) includes a hose (71), clamps (72), dry connectors, tees (75) and straight pipes (83). The length of the hose (71) is greater than the length of the drill rod (6) and it is fixed to the inner wall of the hollow part (601) by several clamps (72). The dry connector has a female connector end (73) and a male connector end (74), the female connector end (73) being located at the upper end of the hose (71) and the male connector end (74) being located at the lower end of the hose (71); The drill bit (8) is fixedly connected to a support plate (82), which is located inside the cavity (801). One end of the straight tube (83) is fixedly connected to the support plate (82), and the other end has a connector female end (73). The probe (81) is slidably installed inside the support plate (82) and one end is located inside the straight tube (83). The differential hydraulic cylinder (5) has an oil inlet (51) and an oil return port (52); The tee (75) is located outside the drill pipe (6) and has a first interface (751), a second interface (752) and a third interface (753). The first interface (751) is connected to the hose (71) through a rotary joint, the second interface (752) is connected to the oil inlet (51), and the third interface (753) is connected to the oil return port (52).

7. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hose (71), tee (75), straight pipe (83) and differential hydraulic cylinder (5) are all interconnected and filled with transmission medium.

8. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity (801) contains an elastic rope (84). The probe (81) has a protrusion (811) protruding outward. The protrusion (811) is located inside the cavity (801). One end of the elastic rope (84) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cavity (801), and the other end is fixedly connected to the protrusion (811).

9. The exploration drilling rig with adaptive formation hardness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill rod (6) has an internal thread (61) at one end and an external thread (62) at the other end that matches the internal thread (61). The top of the drill bit (8) has an internal thread (802) that matches the external thread (62).

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