Pulsating pressure testing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pulsating pressure testing device and a pulsating pressure testing method, and relates to the technical field of ship testing devices. The pulsating pressure testing device comprises a circulating water tank; a hull model; the propeller model comprises a shell assembly, a rotor blade and a spray pipe; the propeller model is installed on the ship body model. The driving assembly is mounted on the ship body model and is in transmission connection with the rotor blades; the pulsating pressure acquisition system is mounted on the propeller model and can acquire pulsating pressure information of the outer surface of a rotor blade, pulsating pressure information of the inner surface of a shell assembly and pulsating pressure information of the inner surface of a spray pipe; the flow acquisition system is mounted on the propeller model and can acquire water flow information of the spray pipe; and the rotating speed acquisition system is mounted on the propeller model and can acquire rotating speed information of the rotor blades. The pulsating pressure testing device is used for conveniently carrying out structure optimization design on the water-jet propeller, and the structure optimization design result of the water-jet propeller conforms to the actual operation working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship testing equipment technology, and in particular to a pulsating pressure testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] A waterjet propulsion system is a type of ship propulsion system that generates reaction thrust by drawing in water and accelerating it through a pump to propel it backward. During operation, the water flow generates pulsating pressure on the surface of the flow-through components, which fluctuates periodically over time. This pulsating pressure significantly affects the propulsion system's fatigue failure, vibration, noise, and cavitation performance. Furthermore, it is characterized by complex pressure sources, high frequency, and large amplitude variations, making its measurement challenging. Therefore, designing a specialized testing device to collect pulsating pressure information on key flow-through components is of great significance for the structural optimization design and vibration and noise reduction of waterjet propulsion systems.

[0003] However, existing pulsating pressure testing devices can only collect pulsating pressure information at a single point or a limited number of points on the impeller blades of the propulsion pump, and cannot achieve synchronous collection of pulsating pressure from multiple flow components, making it difficult to optimize the structural design of waterjet propulsion. At the same time, existing pulsating pressure testing devices can only collect pulsating pressure information from the propulsion pump, and cannot achieve comprehensive measurement of pulsating pressure, speed, and flow rate of the propulsion model. They can only optimize the structural design of the waterjet propulsion based on the pulsating pressure information of the propulsion pump, and the optimization design results are prone to being out of touch with the actual operating conditions of the waterjet propulsion.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pulsating pressure testing device and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pulsating pressure testing device and method for comprehensively measuring pulsating pressure, rotational speed, and flow rate under the operating conditions of a ship's aft propeller model. This facilitates structural optimization design of the waterjet propeller and ensures that the optimized design results conform to actual operating conditions.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On one hand, the present invention provides a pulsating pressure testing device for testing the pulsating pressure of a ship's waterjet propulsion system; the testing device includes: a circulating water tank, a hull model, a propulsion model, a drive assembly, a pulsating pressure acquisition system, a flow acquisition system, and a rotational speed acquisition system; wherein, the circulating water tank includes an incoming flow area, a test area, and a jet area arranged sequentially; the hull model is placed in the test area; the propulsion model includes a housing assembly, rotor blades disposed inside the housing assembly, and a nozzle connected to the end of the housing assembly; the propulsion model is mounted on... The following components are installed on the hull model: the drive assembly, which is installed on the hull model and is connected to the rotor blades for transmission, and is capable of driving the rotor blades to rotate; the pulsating pressure acquisition system, which is installed on the thruster model, is capable of acquiring pulsating pressure information on the outer surface of the rotor blades, the inner surface of the housing assembly, and the inner surface of the nozzle; the flow acquisition system, which is installed on the thruster model, is capable of acquiring water flow information from the nozzle; and the rotational speed acquisition system, which is installed on the thruster model, is capable of acquiring rotational speed information from the rotor blades.

[0008] In some embodiments, the pulsating pressure acquisition system includes a pulsating pressure information acquisition unit, a first pulsating pressure sensing component, a second pulsating pressure sensing component, and a third pulsating pressure sensing component; the first pulsating pressure sensing component is installed on the outer surface of the rotor blades and is capable of acquiring pulsating pressure information on the outer surface of the rotor blades; the second pulsating pressure sensing component is installed on the housing assembly and is capable of acquiring pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the housing assembly; the third pulsating pressure sensing component is installed on the nozzle and is capable of acquiring pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the nozzle; the first pulsating pressure sensing component, the second pulsating pressure sensing component, and the third pulsating pressure sensing component are respectively coupled to the pulsating pressure information acquisition unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the drive assembly is connected to the rotor blades via a hollow shaft; the first pulsating pressure sensing assembly includes: a flexible thin-film sensor disposed on the outer surface of the rotor blades; and a voltage signal transmission slip ring sleeved on the hollow shaft, which is electrically connected to both the flexible thin-film sensor and the pulsating pressure information collector.

[0010] In some embodiments, the housing assembly includes an inlet housing, a rotor housing, and a stator housing connected sequentially along a first direction; the nozzle is connected to the side of the stator housing opposite to the rotor housing; the first direction is the water spray direction of the propeller model; the second pulsating pressure sensing assembly includes: a plurality of first pulsating pressure sensors disposed in the inlet housing, capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the inlet housing; a plurality of second pulsating pressure sensors disposed in the rotor housing, capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the rotor housing; a plurality of third pulsating pressure sensors disposed in the stator housing, capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the stator housing; the first pulsating pressure sensors, the second pulsating pressure sensors, and the third pulsating pressure sensors are all coupled to the pulsating pressure information collector.

[0011] In some embodiments, the third pulsation sensing component includes: a plurality of fourth pulsation pressure sensors disposed on the nozzle, capable of collecting pulsation pressure information on the inner surface of the nozzle; the fourth pulsation pressure sensors are coupled to the pulsation pressure information collector.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flow acquisition system includes: a flow information collector and a differential pressure sensor; the differential pressure sensor includes a first pressure interface and a second pressure interface; the first pressure interface is located at the upstream end of the nozzle and is capable of acquiring pressure information at the upstream end of the nozzle; the second pressure interface is located at the downstream end of the nozzle and is capable of acquiring pressure information at the downstream end of the nozzle; the differential pressure sensor is capable of calculating the flow information of the nozzle based on the pressure information at the upstream end of the nozzle and the pressure information at the downstream end of the nozzle; the differential pressure sensor is coupled to the flow information collector.

[0013] In some embodiments, the drive assembly is connected to the rotor blades via a hollow shaft; the speed acquisition system includes: a speed information acquisition unit and a speed sensor; the speed sensor is connected to the end of the hollow shaft and is capable of acquiring the speed of the hollow shaft, and the speed sensor is coupled to the speed information acquisition unit.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a testing method for conducting pulsating pressure tests on a ship's waterjet propulsion system. The testing method is applied to the pulsating pressure testing device described in any of the above embodiments. The testing method includes: S100, installing the pulsating pressure acquisition system, the flow acquisition system, and the rotational speed acquisition system onto the propulsion model; and installing the propulsion model onto the hull model; S200, injecting test water into the circulating water tank from the incoming flow area; S300, activating the drive assembly to drive the rotor blades to rotate; the pulsating pressure acquisition system simultaneously starts operating, acquiring pulsating pressure information from the outer surface of the rotor blades, the inner surface of the housing assembly, and the inner surface of the nozzle; the flow acquisition system simultaneously starts operating, acquiring water flow information from the nozzle; and the rotational speed acquisition system simultaneously starts operating, acquiring rotational speed information from the rotor blades.

[0015] In some embodiments, after step S300, the method further includes: S400, adjusting the flow rate of the test water injected into the incoming flow area according to the test conditions, and simultaneously adjusting the rotational speed of the rotor blades; the pulsating pressure acquisition system continues to acquire pulsating pressure information on the outer surface of the rotor blades; the flow rate acquisition system continues to acquire water flow rate information of the nozzle; the rotational speed acquisition system continues to acquire rotational speed information of the rotor blades; S500, repeating step S400 a preset number of times.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pulsating pressure acquisition system includes a pulsating pressure information acquisition device, a first pulsating pressure sensing component, a second pulsating pressure sensing component, and a third pulsating pressure sensing component; the housing assembly includes an inlet housing, a rotor housing, and a stator housing connected sequentially along a first direction; the first direction is the water spray direction of the propeller model; step S100 includes: S110, installing the first pulsating pressure sensing component on the outer surface of the rotor blade, installing the second pulsating pressure sensing component on the inlet housing, the rotor housing, and the stator housing, and installing the third pulsating pressure sensing component on the nozzle; S120, installing the propeller model on the hull model.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] On one hand, the present invention provides a pulsating pressure testing device, which sets up a circulating water tank, a hull model, and a propeller model, installs the propeller model on the hull model and places the hull model in the testing area of ​​the circulating water tank, and sets up a drive component that is connected to the rotor blades of the propeller model. At the same time, a pulsating pressure acquisition system capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the outer surface of the rotor blades, the inner surface of the shell assembly, and the inner surface of the nozzle is installed on the propeller model. A flow acquisition system capable of collecting water flow information from the nozzle is also installed on the propeller model. Finally, a speed acquisition system capable of collecting rotational speed information of the rotor blades is also installed on the propeller model. This allows for the acquisition of pulsating pressure information from the propeller model. The propeller model can be mounted on the hull model, which is then placed in a circulating water tank. The rotor blades of the propeller model are driven by a drive assembly, simulating the actual operating conditions of a waterjet propulsion system. Furthermore, the pulsating pressure acquisition system simultaneously collects pulsating pressure data from multiple flow components, including the rotor blades, housing assembly, and nozzle. The flow rate acquisition system and speed acquisition system collect flow rate information from the nozzle and speed information from the rotor blades, respectively. This provides more pulsating pressure information from flow components and more types of data (flow rate, speed) for subsequent structural optimization design of the waterjet propulsion system, facilitating the design of the propulsion system. The structural optimization design of the water jet propulsion system involves combining information on the pulsating pressure of multiple flow components, the rotational speed of the rotor blades, and the water flow rate of the nozzle to optimize the structure of the water jet propulsion system. This collaborative optimization avoids the disconnect between the actual operating conditions and the results of "single pulsating pressure optimization" (for example, simply reducing the pulsating pressure may lead to insufficient flow or a decrease in rotor speed). It can control vibration and noise through pulsating pressure optimization and ensure core performance such as propulsion efficiency and thrust through speed-flow matching. Multi-parameter optimization enables the water jet propulsion system to maintain good structural stability and performance across the entire operating range, ensuring that the structural optimization design results of the water jet propulsion system conform to the actual operating conditions.

[0019] On the other hand, the present invention provides a testing method that includes all the features of the pulsating pressure testing device in any of the above embodiments, and has the same beneficial effects as the pulsating pressure testing device, which will not be described again here. Furthermore, using this testing method to perform pulsating pressure testing on a water jet actuator enables the simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters, and provides a high degree of fidelity to the actual operating conditions of the water jet actuator, avoiding discrepancies between the acquired data and the actual operating scenario. Simultaneously, the testing method has a clear operational logic, strong repeatability, and is easy to promote and verify. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a pulsating pressure testing device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a pulsating pressure testing device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Circulating water tank; 2. Hull model; 3. Propulsion model; 31. Shell assembly; 311. Inlet casing; 312. Rotor casing; 313. Stator casing; 32. Rotor blades; 33. Nozzle; 4. Drive assembly; 41. Hollow shaft; 5. Pulsating pressure acquisition system; 51. Pulsating pressure information acquisition device; 52. First pulsating pressure sensing component; 521. Flexible thin-film sensor; 522. Voltage signal transmission slip ring; 523. Charge conditioning module; 524. Charge signal... 53, cable; 53, second pulsating pressure sensing component; 531, first pulsating pressure sensor; 532, second pulsating pressure sensor; 533, third pulsating pressure sensor; 54, third pulsating pressure sensing component; 541, fourth pulsating pressure sensor; 6, flow acquisition system; 61, flow information collector; 62, differential pressure sensor; 621, first pressure interface; 622, second pressure interface; 7, speed acquisition system; 71, speed information collector; 72, speed sensor;

[0024] X1, first direction; S1, incoming flow region; S2, test region; S3, jet region. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0026] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0029] On the one hand, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a pulsating pressure testing device for testing the pulsating pressure of a ship's waterjet propulsion system. The pulsating pressure testing device includes: a circulating water tank 1, a ship hull model 2, a propulsion model 3, a drive assembly 4, a pulsating pressure acquisition system 5, a flow rate acquisition system 6, and a rotational speed acquisition system 7.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the circulating water tank 1 includes an incoming flow area S1, a test area S2, and a jet flow area S3 arranged in sequence. It is easy to understand that the incoming flow area S1, the test area S2, and the jet flow area S3 are interconnected. A water supply device (such as a water pump) is also provided outside the circulating water tank 1 to provide test water to the incoming flow area S1 in the circulating water tank 1, thereby supplying water to the entire interior of the circulating water tank 1. The propeller model 3 located in the test area S2 can suck in the test water and accelerate it through the spray pump before spraying it backward into the jet flow area S3.

[0031] The aforementioned hull model 2 is placed in test area S2 within the circulating water tank 1. The aforementioned propeller model 3 includes a housing assembly 31, rotor blades 32 disposed inside the housing assembly 31, and a nozzle 33 connected to the end of the housing assembly 31. The propeller model 3 is mounted on the aforementioned hull model 2.

[0032] The aforementioned drive assembly 4 is mounted on the hull model 2 and is connected to the rotor blades 32 of the propeller model 3, enabling it to drive the rotor blades 32 of the propeller model 3 to rotate. This drive assembly 4 is, for example, a rotary motor.

[0033] The aforementioned pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 is installed on the thruster model 3 and is capable of acquiring pulsating pressure information from the outer surface of the rotor blades 32, the inner surface of the housing assembly 31, and the inner surface of the nozzle 33. The aforementioned flow rate acquisition system 6 is installed on the thruster model 3 and is capable of acquiring water flow rate information from the nozzle 33. The aforementioned rotational speed acquisition system 7 is installed on the thruster model 3 and is capable of acquiring rotational speed information from the rotor blades 32.

[0034] Therefore, the pulsating pressure testing device provided in this embodiment includes a circulating water tank 1, a hull model 2, and a propeller model 3. The propeller model 3 is installed on the hull model 2, and the hull model 2 is placed in the testing area S2 of the circulating water tank 1. A drive assembly 4 is provided that is connected to the rotor blades 32 of the propeller model 3. At the same time, a pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 is installed on the propeller model 3 to collect pulsating pressure information from the outer surface of the rotor blades 32, the inner surface of the housing assembly 31, and the inner surface of the nozzle 33. A flow acquisition system 6 is installed on the propeller model 3 to collect water flow information from the nozzle 33. A speed acquisition system 7 is installed on the propeller model 3 to collect the rotational speed information of the rotor blades 32. This allows for the acquisition of pulsating pressure information from the propeller model 3. The propeller model 3 can be mounted on the hull model 2, which is then placed in the circulating water tank 1. The rotor blades 32 of the propeller model 3 are driven to rotate via the drive assembly 4, thus simulating the actual operating conditions of a waterjet propulsion system. Furthermore, the pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 simultaneously acquires pulsating pressure data from multiple flow components, including the rotor blades 32, the housing assembly 31, and the nozzle 33. The flow rate acquisition system 6 and the rotational speed acquisition system 7 acquire flow rate information from the nozzle 33 and rotational speed information from the rotor blades 32, respectively. This provides more pulsating pressure information from flow components and more types of data (flow rate, rotational speed) for subsequent structural optimization design of the waterjet propulsion system. The data information facilitates the structural optimization design of the waterjet propulsion system. Simultaneously, by combining the pulsating pressure information of multiple flow components, the rotational speed information of the rotor blades 32, and the water flow rate information of the nozzle 33, the structure of the waterjet propulsion system can be optimized. This synergistic optimization of the three factors avoids the disconnect from actual operating conditions caused by "single pulsating pressure optimization" (for example, simply reducing pulsating pressure may lead to insufficient flow or a decrease in rotor speed). It can control vibration and noise through pulsating pressure optimization, and ensure core performance such as propulsion efficiency and thrust through speed-flow matching. Multi-parameter optimization allows the waterjet propulsion system to maintain good structural stability and performance across the entire operating range, ensuring that the structural optimization design results of the waterjet propulsion system conform to actual operating conditions.

[0035] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the aforementioned pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 includes a pulsating pressure information acquisition unit 51, a first pulsating pressure sensing component 52, a second pulsating pressure sensing component 53, and a third pulsating pressure sensing component 54. The pulsating pressure information acquisition unit 51 can be, for example, a dynamic signal acquisition instrument, a multi-channel data acquisition card (requires an industrial control computer), or a portable data acquisition terminal. Those skilled in the art can configure it according to actual usage requirements, as long as it can centrally receive, convert, preprocess multiple pulsating pressure sensor signals, and output recordable / analyzable data; further details are omitted here.

[0036] The first pulsating pressure sensing component 52 is mounted on the outer surface of the rotor blade 32 and can collect pulsating pressure information from the outer surface of the rotor blade 32. The second pulsating pressure sensing component 53 is mounted on the housing assembly 31 and can collect pulsating pressure information from the inner surface of the housing assembly 31. The third pulsating pressure sensing component 54 is mounted on the nozzle 33 and can collect pulsating pressure information from the inner surface of the nozzle 33. Furthermore, the first, second, and third pulsating pressure sensing components 52, 53, and 54 are respectively coupled to the pulsating pressure information collector 51; this coupling can be an electrical connection or a signal connection.

[0037] For example, combined Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the drive assembly 4 is connected to the rotor blade 32 via a hollow shaft 41. The first pulsating pressure sensing assembly 52 includes a flexible thin-film sensor 521 and a voltage signal transmission slip ring 522. The flexible thin-film sensor 521 is disposed on the outer surface of the rotor blade 32, for example, by being bonded to the outer surface of the rotor blade 32. It is easy to understand that if there are multiple rotor blades 32, then there can also be multiple flexible thin-film sensors 521, with each flexible thin-film sensor 521 corresponding to one of the multiple rotor blades 32. The aforementioned voltage signal transmission slip ring 522 is sleeved on the hollow shaft 41 and is electrically connected to both the flexible thin-film sensor 521 and the pulsating pressure information collector 51. The connection between the voltage signal transmission slip ring 522 and the flexible thin-film sensor 521 is achieved, for example, by placing a charge signal cable 524 inside the shaft hole of the hollow shaft 41. One end of the charge signal cable 524 is connected to the voltage signal transmission slip ring 522, and the other end passes through a wire hole inside the rotor and connects to the flexible thin-film sensor 521 on the rotor blade 32. This ensures that when the hollow shaft 41 (or rotor blade 32) rotates, the pulsating pressure information collected by the flexible thin-film sensor 521 on the surface of the rotor blade 32 can be smoothly transmitted to the pulsating pressure information collector 51. Furthermore, it's easy to understand that to improve signal transmission stability, a charge conditioning module 523 (such as a Dytran 4193A or Kistler 4810A miniature charge conditioning module) can be installed on the hollow shaft 41. This module is small, consumes little power, and is highly vibration-resistant. It can be fixed to the hollow shaft 41 with screws or high-strength waterproof adhesive (rotating with the shaft). The flexible thin-film sensor 521 is connected to the charge conditioning module 523. For example, a shielded charge signal cable 524 (length ≤ 5cm) is used to connect the input terminals of the flexible thin-film sensor 521 and the charge conditioning module 523, quickly converting the weak charge signal into a stable low-amplitude voltage signal. Then, a charge amplifier is fixed on the static structure (such as a bracket) of the hull model 2. The charge conditioning module 523 is also connected to the voltage signal transmission slip ring 522 via the shielded charge signal cable 524. The voltage signal transmission slip ring 522 is connected to the charge amplifier, and finally, the charge amplifier is connected to the pulsating pressure information acquisition device 51. Those skilled in the art may also adopt other connection methods according to actual usage requirements, as long as the pulsating pressure information on the surface of the rotor blade 32 collected by the flexible thin film sensor 521 can be successfully transmitted to the pulsating pressure information collector 51, which will not be described in detail here.

[0038] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the aforementioned housing assembly 31 includes an inlet housing 311, a rotor housing 312, and a stator housing 313 connected sequentially along a first direction X1. The aforementioned nozzle 33 is connected to the side of the stator housing 313 opposite to the rotor housing 312. Here, the first direction X1 is the water spray direction of the propeller model 3.

[0039] The aforementioned second pulsating pressure sensing component 53 includes: multiple first pulsating pressure sensors 531, multiple second pulsating pressure sensors 532, and multiple third pulsating pressure sensors 533. The multiple first pulsating pressure sensors 531 are disposed in the inlet channel housing 311 and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the inlet channel housing 311. Here, the first pulsating pressure sensors 531 are, for example, piezoelectric pressure sensors or piezoresistive pressure sensors. The first pulsating pressure sensors 531 are installed in the inlet channel housing 311, for example, by drilling holes (including mounting holes and axial wiring holes) on the inner surface of the housing component 31 + sealed embedded mounting. The multiple second pulsating pressure sensors 532 are disposed in the rotor housing 312 and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the rotor housing 312. The multiple third pulsating pressure sensors 533 are disposed in the stator housing 313 and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the stator housing 313. The second pulsating pressure sensor 532 and the third pulsating pressure sensor 533 are disposed on the housing assembly 31 in the same manner as the first pulsating pressure sensor 531, and will not be described again here. The first pulsating pressure sensor 531, the second pulsating pressure sensor 532, and the third pulsating pressure sensor 533 are all coupled to the pulsating pressure information acquisition unit 51. This enables the acquisition of pulsating pressure information from the surfaces of multiple flow-through components in the inlet housing 311, rotor housing 312, and stator housing 313.

[0040] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the third pulsation sensing component includes multiple fourth pulsation pressure sensors 541. These fourth pulsation pressure sensors 541 are disposed on the nozzle 33 and are capable of collecting pulsation pressure information from the inner surface of the nozzle 33. The manner in which the fourth pulsation pressure sensors 541 are disposed on the nozzle 33 is similar to that of the first pulsation pressure sensor 531, and will not be described again here. Simultaneously, the fourth pulsation pressure sensors 541 are coupled to the pulsation pressure information collector 51. This enables the collection of pulsation pressure information from the inner surface of the nozzle 33.

[0041] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the flow acquisition system 6 includes a flow information collector 61 and a differential pressure sensor 62. The differential pressure sensor 62 is coupled to the flow information collector 61. The flow information collector 61 can be, for example, an intelligent differential pressure flow totalizer, a data acquisition card (requiring an industrial control computer), or a programmable logic controller (PLC) with built-in functional modules (such as PID and flow calculation modules). The differential pressure sensor 62 includes a first pressure interface 621 and a second pressure interface 622. The first pressure interface 621 is located at the upstream end of the nozzle 33 and can collect pressure information from the upstream end of the nozzle 33. The second pressure interface 622 is located at the downstream end of the nozzle 33 and can collect pressure information from the downstream end of the nozzle 33. The differential pressure sensor 62 can calculate the flow information of the nozzle 33 based on the pressure information from the upstream and downstream ends of the nozzle 33. The differential pressure sensor 62 calculates the flow rate information of nozzle 33 by detecting the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream ends of nozzle 33. The core principle is based on Bernoulli's equation (the interconversion of kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure energy of a fluid), that is, the flow rate is proportional to the square root of the pressure difference. For the specific principle, refer to existing technologies; it will not be described in detail here. With the above settings, the water flow rate information of nozzle 33 can be collected.

[0042] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the drive assembly 4 is connected to the rotor blades 32 via a hollow shaft 41. The speed acquisition system 7 includes a speed information acquisition unit 71 and a speed sensor 72. The speed sensor 72 is connected to the end of the hollow shaft 41 and can acquire the speed of the hollow shaft 41. The speed sensor 72 is coupled to the speed information acquisition unit 71. The speed sensor 72 can be, for example, an incremental photoelectric encoder, a magnetoelectric speed sensor 72, or a Hall effect speed sensor 72. The speed information acquisition unit 71 can be, for example, a digital display tachometer, a data acquisition card (requires an industrial control computer), or a portable data acquisition terminal. Through the above settings, the speed information of the hollow shaft 41 (i.e., the rotor blades 32) can be acquired.

[0043] On the other hand, this embodiment provides a testing method for conducting pulsating pressure tests on a ship's waterjet propulsion system. This testing method employs the pulsating pressure testing apparatus described in any of the embodiments above. The testing method includes:

[0044] S100: Install the pulsating pressure acquisition system 5, flow acquisition system 6, and speed acquisition system 7 onto the thruster model 3. Then install the thruster model 3 onto the hull model 2. S200: Inject test water into the circulating water tank 1 from the incoming flow area S1. S300: Start the drive assembly 4 to drive the rotor blades 32 to rotate. The pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 simultaneously starts operating, acquiring pulsating pressure information from the outer surface of the rotor blades 32, the inner surface of the housing assembly 31, and the inner surface of the nozzle 33. The flow acquisition system 6 simultaneously starts operating, acquiring the water flow rate information from the nozzle 33. The speed acquisition system 7 simultaneously starts operating, acquiring the speed information of the rotor blades 32.

[0045] This testing method includes all the features of the pulsating pressure testing device in any of the above embodiments, and has the same beneficial effects as the pulsating pressure testing device, which will not be described again here. Furthermore, using this testing method to perform pulsating pressure testing on the water jet actuator enables the simultaneous acquisition of multiple parameters, and provides a high degree of fidelity to the actual operating conditions of the water jet actuator, avoiding discrepancies between the acquired data and the actual operating scenario. Simultaneously, the testing method has a clear operational logic, strong repeatability, and is easy to promote and verify.

[0046] In some embodiments, after step S300, the method further includes: S400, adjusting the flow rate of the test water injected into the incoming flow region S1 according to the test conditions, and simultaneously adjusting the rotational speed of the rotor blades 32. The pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 continues to acquire pulsating pressure information on the outer surface of the rotor blades 32, the flow rate acquisition system 6 continues to acquire water flow rate information from the nozzle 33, and the rotational speed acquisition system 7 continues to acquire rotational speed information of the rotor blades 32. S500, repeating step S400 a preset number of times. This configuration expands the coverage of test conditions, improves the comprehensiveness of acquired parameters, enhances the reliability of acquired parameters, filters out random errors, and allows subsequent optimization designs to adapt to the full-condition operation requirements of the waterjet propulsion system.

[0047] In some embodiments, the aforementioned pulsating pressure acquisition system 5 includes a pulsating pressure information acquisition unit 51, a first pulsating pressure sensing component 52, a second pulsating pressure sensing component 53, and a third pulsating pressure sensing component 54. The aforementioned housing assembly 31 includes an inlet housing 311, a rotor housing 312, and a stator housing 313 connected sequentially along a first direction X1. The first direction X1 is the water spray direction of the propeller model 3. The aforementioned step S100 includes: S110, installing the first pulsating pressure sensing component 52 on the outer surface of the rotor blade 32, installing the second pulsating pressure sensing component 53 on the inlet housing 311, the rotor housing 312, and the stator housing 313, and installing the third pulsating pressure sensing component 54 on the nozzle 33; S120, installing the propeller model 3 on the hull model 2. This configuration makes the installation process of the aforementioned pulsating pressure testing device more standardized and the operation more precise, while also facilitating troubleshooting and process reuse, thus improving testing efficiency.

[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulsating pressure testing device for testing the pulsating pressure of a ship's waterjet propulsion system; characterized in that, The testing apparatus includes: The circulating water tank (1) includes an incoming flow area (S1), a test area (S2) and a jet flow area (S3) arranged in sequence. The ship model (2) is placed in the test area (S2). The propeller model (3) includes a housing assembly (31), rotor blades (32) disposed inside the housing assembly (31), and a nozzle (33) connected to the end of the housing assembly (31); the propeller model (3) is mounted on the hull model (2). The drive assembly (4) is installed on the hull model (2) and is connected to the rotor blades (32) in a transmission manner, and is able to drive the rotor blades (32) to rotate; The pulsating pressure acquisition system (5) is installed on the thruster model (3) and can acquire the pulsating pressure information of the outer surface of the rotor blade (32), the pulsating pressure information of the inner surface of the housing assembly (31), and the pulsating pressure information of the inner surface of the nozzle (33). A flow acquisition system (6) is installed on the thruster model (3) and is capable of acquiring water flow information from the nozzle (33); The rotational speed acquisition system (7) is installed on the propeller model (3) and can acquire the rotational speed information of the rotor blades (32).

2. The testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulsating pressure acquisition system (5) includes a pulsating pressure information acquisition unit (51), a first pulsating pressure sensing component (52), a second pulsating pressure sensing component (53), and a third pulsating pressure sensing component (54). The first pulsating pressure sensing component (52) is installed on the outer surface of the rotor blade (32) and can collect pulsating pressure information on the outer surface of the rotor blade (32); The second pulsating pressure sensing component (53) is installed on the housing component (31) and is able to collect pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the housing component (31); The third pulsating pressure sensing component (54) is installed on the nozzle (33) and can collect pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the nozzle (33). The first pulsating pressure sensing component (52), the second pulsating pressure sensing component (53) and the third pulsating pressure sensing component (54) are respectively coupled to the pulsating pressure information collector (51).

3. The testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive assembly (4) is connected to the rotor blades (32) via a hollow shaft (41); the first pulsating pressure sensing assembly (52) includes: A flexible thin-film sensor (521) is disposed on the outer surface of the rotor blade (32); A voltage signal transmission slip ring (522) is sleeved on the hollow shaft (41) and is electrically connected to both the flexible thin film sensor (521) and the pulsating pressure information collector (51).

4. The testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing assembly (31) includes an inlet housing (311), a rotor housing (312), and a stator housing (313) connected sequentially along a first direction (X1); the nozzle (33) is connected to the side of the stator housing (313) opposite to the rotor housing (312); The first direction (X1) is the water spray direction of the propeller model (3); the second pulsating pressure sensing component (53) includes: Multiple first pulsating pressure sensors (531) are disposed on the inlet channel housing (311) and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the inlet channel housing (311); Multiple second pulsating pressure sensors (532) are disposed on the rotor housing (312) and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the rotor housing (312); Multiple third pulsating pressure sensors (533) are disposed on the stator housing (313) and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the stator housing (313); The first pulsating pressure sensor (531), the second pulsating pressure sensor (532) and the third pulsating pressure sensor (533) are all coupled to the pulsating pressure information collector (51).

5. The testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third pulse sensing component includes: Multiple fourth pulsating pressure sensors (541) are disposed on the nozzle (33) and are capable of collecting pulsating pressure information on the inner surface of the nozzle (33); The fourth pulsating pressure sensor (541) is coupled to the pulsating pressure information collector (51).

6. The testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The flow acquisition system (6) includes: a flow information collector (61) and a differential pressure sensor (62); The differential pressure sensor (62) includes a first pressure interface (621) and a second pressure interface (622); the first pressure interface (621) is located at the upstream end of the nozzle (33) and can collect pressure information at the upstream end of the nozzle (33); the second pressure interface (622) is located at the downstream end of the nozzle (33) and can collect pressure information at the downstream end of the nozzle (33); the differential pressure sensor (62) can calculate the flow rate information of the nozzle (33) based on the pressure information at the upstream end of the nozzle (33) and the pressure information at the downstream end of the nozzle (33); The differential pressure sensor (62) is coupled to the flow information collector (61).

7. The testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly (4) is connected to the rotor blade (32) via a hollow shaft (41); the speed acquisition system (7) includes: a speed information acquisition unit (71) and a speed sensor (72); The speed sensor (72) is connected to the end of the hollow shaft (41) and can collect the speed of the hollow shaft (41). The speed sensor (72) is coupled to the speed information collector (71).

8. A test method for conducting pulsating pressure tests on a ship's waterjet propulsion system, characterized in that, The test method is applied to the pulsating pressure testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the test method includes: S100, the pulse pressure acquisition system (5), the flow acquisition system (6), and the rotational speed acquisition system (7) are respectively installed on the thruster model (3); and the thruster model (3) is installed on the hull model (2). S200, test water is injected into the circulating water tank (1) from the incoming flow area (S1); S300, the drive assembly (4) is started to drive the rotor blade (32) to rotate; the pulsating pressure acquisition system (5) starts running synchronously to acquire the pulsating pressure information of the outer surface of the rotor blade (32), the pulsating pressure information of the inner surface of the housing assembly (31) and the pulsating pressure information of the inner surface of the nozzle (33); the flow acquisition system (6) starts running synchronously to acquire the water flow rate information of the nozzle (33); the rotation speed acquisition system (7) starts running synchronously to acquire the rotation speed information of the rotor blade (32).

9. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process after step S300 also includes: S400, according to the test conditions, adjust the flow rate of the test water injected into the incoming flow area (S1), and at the same time adjust the rotation speed of the rotor blade (32); the pulsating pressure acquisition system (5) continues to acquire the pulsating pressure information of the outer surface of the rotor blade (32); the flow acquisition system (6) continues to acquire the water flow rate information of the nozzle (33); the rotation speed acquisition system (7) continues to acquire the rotation speed information of the rotor blade (32); S500, repeat step S400 a preset number of times.

10. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pulsating pressure acquisition system (5) includes a pulsating pressure information acquisition unit (51), a first pulsating pressure sensing component (52), a second pulsating pressure sensing component (53), and a third pulsating pressure sensing component (54); the housing assembly (31) includes an inlet housing (311), a rotor housing (312), and a stator housing (313) connected sequentially along a first direction (X1); the first direction (X1) is the water spray direction of the propeller model (3); step S100 includes: S110, the first pulsating pressure sensing component (52) is installed on the outer surface of the rotor blade (32), the second pulsating pressure sensing component (53) is installed on the inlet housing (311), the rotor housing (312) and the stator housing (313), and the third pulsating pressure sensing component (54) is installed on the nozzle (33). S120, the propeller model (3) is installed on the hull model (2).

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