Method and device for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of cap layer

Abstract

According to the embodiment of the invention, a pre-obtained test result of the breakthrough pressure of a rock core is utilized to predict the dynamic breakthrough pressure of a cap layer to hydrogen; according to the method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of the cap layer, the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the cap layer to the hydrogen does not need to be repeatedly tested, and the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the cap layer to the hydrogen can be rapidly and accurately predicted only by utilizing the breakthrough pressure of the existing rock core and processing the breakthrough pressure of the existing rock core through the method for predicting the breakthrough pressure of the cap layer to the hydrogen provided by the embodiment of the invention; according to the embodiment of the invention, the change rule of the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of the cap layer along with the hydrogen storage pressure and the hydrogen storage time of the cap layer is found, and the blank of lack of the cap layer sealing performance evaluation method in the underground hydrogen storage field of hydrogen is filled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock physics experimental testing, and in particular to a method and apparatus for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of caprock. Background Technology

[0002] In the hydrogen production, supply, storage, and sales industry chain, large-scale, low-cost storage is a key bottleneck. Drawing on the experience of underground natural gas storage facilities, converting oil and gas reservoirs with their original sealing properties into underground hydrogen storage facilities will become a hydrogen storage facility with huge storage capacity and low construction cost. However, due to the special characteristic of hydrogen molecules being prone to diffusion and escape, how to evaluate the sealing performance of the original oil and gas reservoir caprock is a technical problem that has troubled hydrogen storage facility engineers.

[0003] Currently, there is no established testing or calculation method for the sealing performance of hydrogen caprocks; the existing methods mainly draw on the technology of caprock sealing performance for natural gas. For example, the experience gained with natural gas primarily guides experimental testing for hydrogen breakthrough pressure. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and requires specialized equipment and instruments in special experimental settings. It lacks the ability to calculate and predict based on existing natural gas breakthrough pressures. Most importantly, it does not consider the influence of formation microorganisms on hydrogen caprocks, thus limiting its application in the field of underground hydrogen storage.

[0004] Therefore, current methods for obtaining hydrogen through pressure breakthrough have certain limitations, and a simple, quick, and targeted method is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a method and apparatus for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a cap layer to overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock, comprising:

[0007] Based on the breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core, the breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen is predicted under reservoir pressure and formation temperature.

[0008] In one embodiment, predicting the caprock's breakthrough pressure for hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature, based on previously obtained core breakthrough pressures, includes:

[0009] The breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample is input into the following formula to obtain the predicted breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature:

[0010]

[0011] Where: P HeP P represents the breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen. Oθ(P,t) represents the breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample; θ(P,t) represents the contact angle between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; σ(P,t) represents the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; P represents the caprock hydrogen storage pressure; t represents the caprock hydrogen storage time; σ O To test the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock under the temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples; θ O To test the contact angle between formation water and caprock under temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples.

[0012] In one embodiment, θ(P,t) is obtained in the following manner:

[0013] Formation water is extracted from the caprock. At a preset formation temperature, multiple contact angles between the formation water and the caprock are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, and θ(P,t) is obtained. The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

[0014] In one embodiment, σ(P,t) is obtained in the following manner:

[0015] Formation water from the caprock is extracted. At a preset formation temperature, the interfacial tensions between the formation water and the caprock are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, and σ(P,t) is obtained. The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a device for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock, comprising:

[0017] The prediction module is used to predict the breakthrough pressure of hydrogen in the caprock under reservoir pressure and formation temperature, based on the breakthrough pressure of the pre-acquired core samples.

[0018] In one embodiment, the prediction module is further configured to input the breakthrough pressure of the pre-acquired core into the following formula to obtain the predicted breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature:

[0019]

[0020] Where: P HeP P represents the breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen. O The breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample is given; θ(P,t) is the contact angle between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change.

[0021] σ(P,t) represents the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; P is the caprock hydrogen storage pressure; t is the caprock hydrogen storage time; σO To test the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock under the temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples; θ O To test the contact angle between formation water and caprock under temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples.

[0022] In one embodiment, the prediction module is further configured to extract formation water from the caprock, and at a preset formation temperature, statistically analyze multiple contact angles between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, to obtain θ(P,t); the formation water includes in-situ microbial communities; the prediction module is further configured to extract formation water from the caprock, and at a preset formation temperature, statistically analyze multiple interfacial tensions between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, to obtain σ(P,t); the formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

[0023] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computing device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program executed by the processor is a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock.

[0024] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock.

[0025] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0027] This invention utilizes the test results of a pre-obtained core sample's breakthrough pressure to predict the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen. It eliminates the need for repeated testing of the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen; simply by using the existing core sample's breakthrough pressure and processing it with the prediction method provided in this invention, the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen can be predicted quickly and accurately. This invention also reveals the variation law of the caprock's breakthrough pressure on hydrogen with the caprock's hydrogen storage pressure and storage time, filling the gap in caprock sealing evaluation methods in the field of underground hydrogen storage.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the rock gas breakthrough pressure measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0033] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock, comprising:

[0034] Based on the breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core, the breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen is predicted under reservoir pressure and formation temperature.

[0035] The aforementioned breakthrough pressure of the capping layer on hydrogen is the breakthrough pressure of the hydrogen storage tank during the process of converting the capping layer into a hydrogen storage tank.

[0036] This invention utilizes the test results of a pre-obtained core sample's breakthrough pressure to predict the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen. It eliminates the need for repeated testing of the caprock's dynamic breakthrough pressure on hydrogen; by simply using the existing core sample's breakthrough pressure and processing it with the prediction method provided in this invention, the dynamic breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen can be predicted quickly and accurately. This invention also reveals the variation law of the caprock's breakthrough pressure on hydrogen with the caprock's hydrogen storage pressure and storage time, filling the gap in caprock sealing evaluation methods in the field of underground hydrogen storage.

[0037] Specifically, the aforementioned method for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure in the caprock can be implemented, for example, in the following manner:

[0038] By inputting the previously obtained core breakthrough pressure into the following formula, the predicted breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature can be obtained:

[0039]

[0040] Where: P HeP P represents the breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen. O The breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample is given; θ(P,t) is the contact angle between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change.

[0041] σ(P,t) represents the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; P is the caprock hydrogen storage pressure; t is the caprock hydrogen storage time; σ O To test the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock under the temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples; θ O To test the contact angle between formation water and caprock under temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples.

[0042] In one embodiment, the aforementioned θ(P,t) can be obtained, for example, in the following manner:

[0043] Formation water is extracted from the caprock. Under a preset formation temperature, multiple contact angles between the formation water and the caprock are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time in the caprock change, and θ(P,t) is obtained.

[0044] In one embodiment, the aforementioned σ(P,t) can be obtained, for example, in the following manner:

[0045] Formation water from the caprock is extracted. Under a preset formation temperature, the interfacial tensions between the formation water and the caprock are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change, and σ(P,t) is obtained.

[0046] To account for the impact of gases produced by caprock microorganisms on the prediction of caprock breakthrough pressure, the extracted caprock formation water may also include, for example, in-situ microbial populations.

[0047] The breakthrough pressure of the aforementioned pre-acquired rock core can be measured, for example, using a rock gas breakthrough pressure measurement method. A block diagram of the apparatus can be found, for example, in [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, for example, it may include the following steps:

[0048] Core preparation; for example, cores can be prepared according to the lithology of the core and actual needs;

[0049] Place the core into the core holder 2;

[0050] Set experimental parameters; experimental parameters can be set by referring to the lithology data of the core sample, for example.

[0051] Connect the gas source to the rock sample inlet 1;

[0052] The flow rate is monitored at the rock sample outlet 3. When bubbles escape uniformly and continuously, the pressure difference between the rock sample inlet 1 and the rock sample outlet 3 is the breakthrough pressure of the core. Any method can be used to determine the breakthrough pressure of the core; this embodiment of the invention does not limit this method.

[0053] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a device for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock, comprising:

[0054] The prediction module is used to predict the breakthrough pressure of hydrogen in the caprock under reservoir pressure and formation temperature, based on the breakthrough pressure of the pre-acquired core samples.

[0055] In one embodiment, the prediction module is further configured to input the breakthrough pressure of the pre-acquired core sample into the following formula to obtain the predicted breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen at reservoir pressure and formation temperature:

[0056]

[0057] Where: P HeP P represents the breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen. O The breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample is given; θ(P,t) is the contact angle between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change.

[0058] σ(P,t) represents the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; P is the caprock hydrogen storage pressure; t is the caprock hydrogen storage time; σ O To test the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock under the temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples; θ O To test the contact angle between formation water and caprock under temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples.

[0059] In one embodiment, the prediction module is further used to extract formation water from the caprock. Under a preset formation temperature, multiple contact angles between the formation water and the caprock rocks are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, to obtain θ(P,t); the formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

[0060] In one embodiment, the prediction module is further used to extract formation water from the caprock. Under a preset formation temperature, the module statistically analyzes multiple interfacial tensions between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change, and obtains σ(P,t). The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

[0061] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computing device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program executed by the processor implements a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock.

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting the hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock.

[0064] Since the principle by which these devices solve the problem is similar to the aforementioned method for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure in the cap layer, the implementation of these devices can be found in the implementation of the aforementioned method, and the repetitions will not be repeated.

[0065] The embodiments of this invention are applicable to the evaluation of the sealing performance of the caprock during the conversion of gas reservoirs into underground hydrogen storage facilities. They are also applicable to the evaluation of the caprock's sealing performance against hydrogen during the small-scale pressurization process of converting water reservoirs into underground hydrogen storage facilities, providing decision-making experts with information on the changing pattern of the caprock's sealing performance over time.

[0066] In one embodiment, to discuss the feasibility of converting a caprock in a basin into an underground hydrogen storage facility, the breakthrough pressure test result of the pre-obtained core sample was 7.62 MPa. Using the caprock breakthrough pressure prediction method provided in this embodiment of the invention, the predicted breakthrough pressure after the conversion of the hydrogen storage facility was 3.27 MPa, which is close to the 3.30 MPa obtained by actual hydrogen testing of the hydrogen storage facility. When the hydrogen storage time of the caprock was 30 days, the breakthrough pressure of the hydrogen storage facility predicted by this method was 3.63 MPa, and the breakthrough pressure tested when the core sample was soaked in hydrogen for 30 days was 3.70 MPa, confirming the accuracy of this embodiment of the invention.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0068] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0069] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0070] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the functions specified in one or more boxes. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure by a caprock, characterized in that, include: Based on the breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core, the breakthrough pressure of the caprock on hydrogen is predicted under reservoir pressure and formation temperature.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of predicting the caprock's breakthrough pressure for hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature based on pre-obtained core breakthrough pressure includes: The breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample is input into the following formula to obtain the predicted breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature: Where: P HeP P represents the breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen. O θ(P,t) represents the breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample; θ(P,t) represents the contact angle between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; σ(P,t) represents the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; P represents the caprock hydrogen storage pressure; t represents the caprock hydrogen storage time; σ O To test the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock under the temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples; θ O To test the contact angle between formation water and caprock under temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The θ(P,t) is obtained in the following way: Formation water is extracted from the caprock. At a preset formation temperature, multiple contact angles between the formation water and the caprock are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, and θ(P,t) is obtained. The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

4. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The σ(P,t) is obtained in the following manner: Formation water from the caprock is extracted. At a preset formation temperature, the interfacial tensions between the formation water and the caprock are statistically analyzed as the hydrogen storage pressure and hydrogen storage time of the caprock change, and σ(P,t) is obtained. The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

5. A device for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure in a caprock, characterized in that, include: The prediction module is used to predict the breakthrough pressure of hydrogen in the caprock under reservoir pressure and formation temperature, based on the breakthrough pressure of the pre-acquired core samples.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The prediction module is further used to input the breakthrough pressure of the pre-acquired core into the following formula to obtain the predicted breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen under reservoir pressure and formation temperature: Where: P HeP P represents the breakthrough pressure of the caprock against hydrogen. O θ(P,t) represents the breakthrough pressure of the pre-obtained core sample; θ(P,t) represents the contact angle between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; σ(P,t) represents the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock as a function of caprock hydrogen storage pressure and storage time; P represents the caprock hydrogen storage pressure; t represents the caprock hydrogen storage time; σ O To test the interfacial tension between formation water and caprock under the temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples; θ O To test the contact angle between formation water and caprock under temperature and pressure conditions at the breakthrough pressure of pre-acquired core samples.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The prediction module is further used to extract formation water from the caprock. Under a preset formation temperature, it statistically analyzes multiple contact angles between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change, obtaining θ(P,t). The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities. The prediction module is further used to extract formation water from the caprock. Under a preset formation temperature, it statistically analyzes multiple interfacial tensions between the formation water and the caprock as the hydrogen storage pressure and storage time of the caprock change, obtaining σ(P,t). The formation water includes in-situ microbial communities.

8. A computing device, characterized in that, include: The memory, the processor, and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program executed by the processor implements the method for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock as described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock as described in any one of claims 1-4.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for predicting hydrogen breakthrough pressure of a caprock as described in any one of claims 1-4.

Images