Key performance indicator reporting for location-based services

Abstract

A user equipment (UE) may monitor the use of a positioning method by monitoring key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with location-based services. The UE may receive a set of positioning signals. The UE may measure the set of positioning signals. The UE may receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of the UE. The UE may transmit a report including at least one of the KPI associated with the location-based service or a first indicator that the KPI associated with the location-based service is within a fault threshold range. The UE may receive a second indicator for changing a positioning method of the UE based on the report. The UE may calculate the position of the UE using the changed positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals.

Description

Cross-references to related applications

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. non-provisional patent application No. 18 / 460,490, filed September 1, 2023, entitled “KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REPORTING FOR LOCATION-BASED SERVICES”, the entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more specifically to positioning systems. Background Technology

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0004] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the city, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the Continuous Evolution of Mobile Broadband (CEM) program issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with the Internet of Things (IoT),) and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR can be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. Furthermore, these improvements can also be applied to other multiple access technologies and telecommunications standards that adopt these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The following is a simplified summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not a comprehensive overview of all conceived aspects. It neither identifies key or essential elements of all aspects nor describes the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed descriptions that follow.

[0006] In one aspect of this disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus may include user equipment (UE). The apparatus may receive a set of location signals. The apparatus may measure the set of location signals. The apparatus may receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of the apparatus. The apparatus may send a report including at least one of a key performance indicator (KPI) associated with the location-based service or a first indicator indicating that the KPI associated with the location-based service is within a fault threshold range. The apparatus may receive a second indicator for changing the positioning method of the apparatus based on the report. The apparatus may calculate the location of the apparatus using the changed positioning method based on the measured set of location signals.

[0007] In one aspect of this disclosure, a method, computer-readable medium, and apparatus are provided. The apparatus may include a network entity. The network entity may include a location management function (LMF). The apparatus may receive a report including at least one of a first indicator that a location-based service-related key performance indicator (KPI) is within a fault threshold range or that a location-based service-related KPI is within a fault threshold range. The apparatus may send a second indicator for changing a positioning method based on the first indicator or determining that at least one KPI is within a fault threshold range.

[0008] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, one or more aspects may include the features fully described below and specifically pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings set forth certain exemplary features of one or more aspects in detail. However, these features indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0010] Figure 2A This is an illustration of an example of the first frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0011] Figure 2B This is a diagram illustrating examples of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0012] Figure 2C This is an illustration of an example of a second frame according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 2D This is a diagram illustrating examples of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe according to various aspects of this disclosure.

[0014] Figure 3This is a diagram illustrating examples of base stations and user equipment (UEs) in an access network.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of positioning based on positioning signal measurements.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating an example of positioning based on positioning signal measurements.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a communication flowchart illustrating an example of positioning based on dynamic positioning signal measurement and / or reporting.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0020] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0021] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method.

[0022] Figure 11 These are illustrations illustrating specific hardware implementations used for example devices and / or network entities.

[0023] Figure 12 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation used for an example network entity.

[0024] Figure 13 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation used for an example network entity. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following description relates to examples intended to illustrate the innovative aspects of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the teachings herein can be applied in numerous ways. Some or all of the examples described can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency (RF) signals according to one or more of the following: the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, the IEEE 802.15 standard, Bluetooth as defined by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG). ®The standards, or Long Term Evolution (LTE), 3G, 4G, or 5G (New Radio (NR)) standards published by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), etc. The described examples can be implemented in any device, system, or network capable of transmitting and receiving RF signals according to one or more of the following technologies or techniques: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA), Rate Split Multiple Access (RSMA), Multi-User Shared Access (MUSA), Single-User (SU) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), and Multi-User (MU)-MIMO. The described examples can also be implemented using other wireless communication protocols or RF signals suitable for use in one or more of the following networks: Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN), Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN), or Internet of Things (IoT) networks.

[0026] Various aspects are involved in wireless positioning systems as a whole. Some aspects are more specifically involved in wireless positioning systems that monitor indicators such as key performance indicators (KPIs) that may affect positioning attributes. In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may receive a set of positioning signals. The UE may measure the set of positioning signals. The UE may receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the UE's location-based service. The UE may send a report including at least one of a first indicator of a location-based service-associated KPI or a location-based service-associated KPI within a fault threshold range. The threshold range may be, for example, a range greater than or equal to a threshold (e.g., , ), less than or equal to the threshold (e.g., , ), or the range between thresholds (e.g., , , , This may or may not include threshold endpoints. The UE may receive a second indicator for changing the device's positioning method based on the report. The UE may calculate the device's location using the changed positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals.

[0027] In some examples, network entities (such as Location Management Functions (LMFs)) may receive reports including at least one of a first indicator that the KPI associated with a location-based service is within a fault threshold range. The network entity may then send a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on the first indicator or by determining that the KPI is within the fault threshold range.

[0028] In some respects, location-related service KPIs may be affected by or potentially influenced by erroneous location estimation. Therefore, such KPIs can provide indicators of high or low performance for location methods (such as classical location methods or location solutions using location models, such as artificial intelligence machine learning (AI / ML) location models). In some respects, location devices (such as UEs) can report indicators related to such KPIs to network entities (such as LMFs). In one respect, a UE can monitor location-based service KPIs and can indicate to a network entity via flags that a location-based service is malfunctioning. A location-based service can be any service of the location device that uses one or more variables (e.g., beam management service, transmit-receive-point (TRP) handover service) that change when the location of the location device changes by more than a minimum threshold amount. In another respect, a location device can report actual KPIs corresponding to location-related services (e.g., throughput, negative acknowledgment (NACK) rate, beam failure rate). The location device can then receive configuration from the network entity to activate / deactivate / switch location models / methods based on indicators. In some aspects, network entities can configure positioning devices to monitor specific location-based services (e.g., location-related beam management, activation for AI / ML channel state information (CSI) feedback, AI / ML beam prediction). In other aspects, network entities can configure positioning devices to have various configurations to monitor and report KPI indicators, such as monitoring conditions, triggering conditions for monitoring, and reporting details (e.g., periodicity, quantity, and report content). In some aspects, positioning devices and network entities can exchange capabilities for location monitoring based on such location-based services.

[0029] Specific aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, by configuring the positioning device to report indicators associated with KPIs of location-based services, the described techniques can be used to monitor the positioning device and ensure that the positioning device uses appropriate positioning methods, such as site-specific positioning models or site-specific positioning algorithms, for its location. By allowing network entities to dynamically adjust the positioning model used by the positioning device to calculate its location, network entities can easily improve the accuracy of positioning performed by the positioning device by analyzing and, where appropriate, reporting KPIs of location-based services.

[0030] The detailed descriptions following, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describe various configurations and do not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. To provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed descriptions include specific details. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0031] Various apparatuses and methods are presented with reference to several aspects of a telecommunications system. These apparatuses and methods are described in detail below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the system as a whole.

[0032] As an example, an element, any part of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a "processing system" including one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, system-on-a-chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionalities described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in a processing system may execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0033] Therefore, in one or more example aspects, specific implementations, and / or use cases, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media. Storage media can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. As examples, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures accessible by a computer.

[0034] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described herein by way of example, additional or different aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and package arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may arise via integrated chip implementations and other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specific to a use case or application, the described examples may exhibit broad applicability. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more of the technologies described herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily involve multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The techniques described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or decomposed components, end-user equipment, etc., of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0035] Communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, can be deployed in various ways with a variety of components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements or network equipment (such as base stations (BS)), or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented in aggregated or decomposed architectures. For example, BSs (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit / receive point (TRP), or cell, etc.) can be implemented as aggregated base stations (also known as standalone BS or monolithic BS) or decomposed base stations.

[0036] Aggregated base stations can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. Decentralized base stations can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more units, such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs). In some respects, the CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CUs, DUs, and RUs may be implemented as a virtual unit, namely a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0037] Base station operation or network design can take into account the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, decomposed base stations can be utilized in Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as network configurations initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN)). Decomposition can include distributing functionality across two or more units in various physical locations, as well as virtually distributing the functionality of at least one unit, which enables flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station or decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to communicate wirelessly with at least one other unit.

[0038] Figure 1 Figure 100 illustrates an example of a wireless communication system and access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a decomposed base station architecture. The decomposed base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110, which may communicate directly with the core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 via one or more decomposed base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both. CUs 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via a corresponding midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via a corresponding fronthaul link. RUs 140 may communicate with a corresponding UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0039] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125, non-RT RIC 115, and SMO frame 105) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each of these units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of these units, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via transmission media. For example, these units may include wired interfaces configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via wired transmission media. Additionally, these units may include wireless interfaces that may include receivers, transmitters, or transceivers (such as RF transceivers) configured to receive signals via wireless transmission media or transmit signals to one or more other units, or both.

[0040] In some aspects, the CU 110 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to signal to other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 can be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130 for network control and signaling, as needed.

[0041] DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU 140s. In some aspects, DU 130 may at least partially host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) according to functional splits (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, DU 130 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signaling with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 130 or with control functions hosted by CU 110.

[0042] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RU 140s. In some deployments, an RU 140 controlled by a DU 130 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or both, at least in part based on functional decomposition (such as lower-layer functional decomposition). In this architecture, the RU 140 can be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some specific implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 140 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration enables the implementation of the DU 130 and CU 110 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0043] SMO framework 105 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces such as the O1 interface. For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform such as Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 190 to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface such as the O2 interface. Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near-RT RIC 125. In some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as Open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RU 140s via the O1 interface. SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of SMO framework 105.

[0044] The non-RT RIC 115 can be configured to include logical functions enabling non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, including artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) workflows for model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 125, such as via an A1 interface. The near-RT RIC 125 can be configured to include logical functions enabling near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface, such as an E2 interface, connecting one or more CU 110s, one or more DU 130s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 125.

[0045] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 can receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. This information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or near-RT RIC 125 can be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 can monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and use AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or by creating RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0046] At least one of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 may be referred to as base station 102. Therefore, base station 102 may include one or more of CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dashed line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in base station 102). Base station 102 provides UE 104 with an access point to core network 120. Base station 102 may include macro cells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include an evolved home node B (eNB) (HeNB), which can provide service to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU140 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) transmission (also known as reverse link) from UE 104 to RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) transmission (also known as forward link) transmission from RU 140 to UE 104. The communication link may utilize multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may use one or more carriers. For each direction, the total number of carriers used for transmission can be up to [number missing]. Yx MHz ( x For each carrier allocated in carrier aggregation (of component carriers), base station 102 / UE 104 can use up to [number] carriers. Y A spectrum with a bandwidth of MHz (e.g., 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz, 20MHz, 100MHz, 400MHz, etc.). Carriers may be adjacent to each other or may not be adjacent to each other. Carrier allocation may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated to DL compared to UL). Component carriers may include primary component carriers and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carrier may be referred to as the secondary cell (SCell).

[0047] Some UEs 104 can communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. D2D communication link 158 can use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. D2D communication link 158 can use one or more sidelink channels, such as Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). D2D communication can be performed through various wireless D2D communication systems, such as Bluetooth. ™ (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), and is based on the IEEE 802.11 standard for Wi-Fi.) ™ (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance), LTE, or NR.

[0048] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150, which communicates with the UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in an unlicensed spectrum such as 5 GHz. When communicating in unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a free channel assessment (CCA) to determine whether a channel is available before communication.

[0049] The electromagnetic spectrum is typically subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been designated as frequency ranges FR1 (410MHz to 7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz to 52.6GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes occur with FR2, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although this is distinct from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz to 300GHz) designated as "millimeter wave" by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

[0050] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have designated the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, thus effectively extending the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been designated as the frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0051] In view of the above, unless otherwise specified, the term "below 6 GHz" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, within FR1, or including intermediate frequency band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the term "millimeter wave" as used herein can broadly refer to frequencies that can include intermediate frequency band frequencies, within FR2, FR4, FR2-2 and / or FR5, or within the EHF band.

[0052] Base station 102 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 may transmit beamformed signals 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from base station 102 in one or more receive directions. UE 104 may also transmit beamformed signals 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. Base station 102 may receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beamforming training to determine the optimal receive and transmit directions for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions of base station 102 may be the same or different. The transmit and receive directions of UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0053] Base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as gNB, Node B, eNB, access point, base transceiver, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. Base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, sidelink node, aggregated (monolithic) base station with baseband units (BBU) (including CU and DU) and RU, or may be implemented as a decomposed base station including one or more of CU, DU, and / or RU. A collection of base stations that may include decomposed base stations and / or aggregated base stations may be referred to as Next Generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0054] The core network 120 may include Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, Session Management Function (SMF) 162, User Plane Function (UPF) 163, Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. AMF 161 is the control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and the core network 120. AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. UDM 164 supports authentication and key agreement (AKA) credential generation, user identity processing, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are exemplified as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of GMLC 165, LMF 166, Position Determination Entity (PDE), Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), Mobile Location Center (MPC), etc. GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE location information. LMF 166 receives measurement and auxiliary information from NG-RAN and UE 104 via AMF 161 to calculate the location of UE 104. NG-RAN may use one or more positioning methods to determine the location of UE 104. Positioning UE 104 may involve signal measurement, location estimation, and optional speed calculation based on these measurements. Signal measurement may be performed by UE 104 and / or base station 102 serving UE 104. The measured signals may be based on one or more of the following: Satellite Positioning System (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) or other satellite positioning / location systems), LTE signals, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor), NR Enhanced Cell ID (NR E-CID) method, NR signals (e.g., multiple round-trip time (multiple RTT), DL departure angle (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle of arrival (UL-AoA) positioning) and / or other systems / signals / sensors.

[0055] Examples of UE 104 include cellular phones, smartphones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptops, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, GPS devices, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet devices, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, air pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other similarly functional device. Some UEs in UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meters, air pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, mobile phone, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also be applied to one or more companion devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network together and / or individually.

[0056] Refer again Figure 1In some aspects, UE 104 may have a positioning measurement component 198, which is configured to receive a set of positioning signals. Positioning measurement component 198 may be configured to measure the set of positioning signals. Positioning measurement component 198 may be configured to receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of UE 104. Positioning measurement component 198 may be configured to send a report including at least one of a first indicator that the location-based service-associated KPI or the location-based service-associated KPI is within a fault threshold range. Positioning measurement component 198 may be configured to receive a second indicator for changing the positioning method of UE 104 based on the report. Positioning measurement component 198 may be configured to calculate the location of UE 104 using the changed positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals. In some aspects, base station 102, core network 120, one or more location servers 168, or LMF 166 may have a positioning configuration component 199, which may be configured to receive reports including at least one of a first indicator that the KPI associated with a location-based service is within a fault threshold range. The positioning configuration component 199 may be configured to send a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on the first indicator or determining that the KPI is within at least one of the fault threshold range. In other words, the positioning measurement component 198 may monitor a set of indicators associated with the KPIs of the location-based service and report them to the positioning configuration component 199. Based on the set of indicators, the positioning configuration component 199 may indicate to the positioning measurement component 198 a change to its positioning method (e.g., activating the positioning method, deactivating the positioning method, or changing to a different positioning method). In response to receiving an indication to change the positioning method, the positioning measurement component 198 may perform positioning using the changed positioning method.

[0057] Figure 2A Figure 200 illustrates an example of the first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B Figure 230 illustrates an example of a DL channel within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2C Figure 250 is an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2D Figure 280 illustrates an example of a UL channel within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure can be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to either DL or UL) or Time Division Duplex (TDD) (where subframes within a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) are dedicated to both DL and UL). Figure 2A , Figure 2CIn the provided example, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured using slot format 28 (most of which are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible and can be used between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured using slot format 1 (all of which are UL). Although subframes 3 and 4 are shown as having slot formats 1 and 28 respectively, any particular subframe can be configured using any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are both DL and UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mixture of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The UE is configured using the slot format (dynamically configured via DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling) via the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0058] Figures 2A to 2D The frame structure is illustrated, and aspects of this disclosure are applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 equal-sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include micro-time slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. Symbols on the DL can be CP Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. Symbols on the UL can be CP-OFDM symbols (for high-throughput scenarios) or Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power-constrained scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and a parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). Symbol length / duration can be scaled by 1 / SCS. Table 1: Parameter Set, SCS, and CP

[0059] For a normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets µ 0 through 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. For an extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 slots per subframe. Therefore, for a normal CP and parameter set µ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2... µ One time slot / subframe. Subcarrier spacing can be equal to ,in The parameter sets are 0 to 4. Therefore, the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz for parameter set µ=0 and 240 kHz for parameter set µ=4. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D Examples of a normal frequency division multiplexing (CP) with 14 symbols per time slot and a parameter set of µ=2 with 4 time slots per subframe are provided. The time slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within the frame set, there may be one or more distinct bandwidth portions (BWPs) of frequency division multiplexing (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2B Each BWP can have a specific set of parameters and CP (normal or extended).

[0060] A resource grid can be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot consists of a resource block (RB) extending for 12 consecutive subcarriers (also known as a physical RB (PRB)). The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0061] like Figure 2A As illustrated, some REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for a particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0062] Figure 2BExamples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries the DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE comprising six RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising 12 consecutive REs in the OFDM symbol of the RB. A PDCCH within a BWP can be referred to as a Control Resource Set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in the PDCCH search space (e.g., the common search space, the UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring timing on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies on the channel bandwidth. The Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) may be located within symbol 2 of a specific subframe of the frame. The PSS is used by the UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification. The Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) may be located within symbol 4 of a specific subframe of the frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number and radio frame timing. Based on the Physical Layer Identifier and the Physical Layer Cell Identifier Group Number, the UE can determine the Physical Cell Identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the DM-RS. The Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), carrying the Master Information Block (MIB), can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a Synchronization Signal (SS) / PBCH block (also known as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the number of RBs in the system bandwidth and the System Frame Number (SFN). The Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as System Information Block (SIB)), and paging messages.

[0063] like Figure 2C As illustrated, some REs in the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the first or first two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short or long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, different configurations can be used to transmit the PUCCH DM-RS. The UE can transmit a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of the comb teeth. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0064] Figure 2DExamples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH can be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-decoding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUCCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry buffer status reports (BSR), power clearance reports (PHR), and / or UCIs.

[0065] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating communication between base station 310 and UE 350 in the access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets can be provided to controller / processor 375. Controller / processor 375 implements Layer 3 and Layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and Layer 2 includes the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the delivery of upper-layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0066] Transmit (TX) processor 316 and receive (RX) processor 370 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1 (which includes the physical (PHY) layer) may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) decoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. TX processor 316 processes the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-order phase shift keying (M-PSK), M-order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The decoded and modulated symbols can then be divided into parallel streams. Each stream can then be mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domains, and then combined using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a stream of time-domain OFDM symbols. The OFDM stream undergoes spatial pre-decoding to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from channel estimator 374 can be used to determine decoding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. Channel estimates can be derived from reference signals and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by UE 350. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx can utilize the corresponding spatial stream to modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier for transmission.

[0067] At UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and RX processor 356 implement Layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial stream destined for UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE 350, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then uses a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to transform the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal consists of a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, along with the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most probable signal constellation points transmitted by base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on a channel estimate calculated by channel estimator 358. The soft decision is then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0068] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with at least one memory 360 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing between transport and logical channels to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0069] Similar to the functionality described in conjunction with DL transmission performed by base station 310, controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connectivity, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with upper-layer PDU delivery, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel priority ordering.

[0070] The TX processor 368 can use the channel estimate derived from the reference signal or feedback transmitted by the channel estimator 358 from the base station 310 to select an appropriate decoding and modulation scheme and facilitate spatial processing. The spatial stream generated by the TX processor 368 can be provided to different antennas 352 via individual transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx can use the corresponding spatial stream to modulate an RF carrier for transmission.

[0071] UL transmission is processed at base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in conjunction with the receiver function at UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides that information to RX processor 370.

[0072] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with at least one memory 376 storing program code and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets between transport and logical channels. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operation.

[0073] At least one of the TX processor 368, RX processor 356, and controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 The positioning and measurement components 198 combine various aspects.

[0074] At least one of the TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375 can be configured to perform and Figure 1 The positioning configuration component 199 combines various aspects.

[0075] Figure 4 Figure 400 illustrates an example of positioning based on location signal measurements. The location signal can be any reference signal that can be measured to calculate the location or position attributes of a wireless device, such as a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), Channel State Information (CSI) Reference Signal (CSI-RS), or Synchronization and Signal Block (SSB). Wireless device 402 can be a base station (such as a TRP) or a UE with a known location / position (such as a Positioning Reference Unit (PRU)) or a UE with a high-accuracy sensor (such as a GNSS sensor or GPS sensor) that can identify the UE's location. Wireless device 406 can be a base station or a UE with a known location / position. The location of the wireless device can be defined based on measurements on a map (such as latitude, longitude, and / or altitude coordinates above sea level). The positioning of the wireless device can be defined based on the location of the wireless device and its orientation (e.g., the direction in which the wireless device's antenna or panel is facing). Orientation can be defined based on a vector. Wireless device 404 may be a UE or TRP configured to perform localization to collect data (e.g., to collect data to train an artificial intelligence machine learning (AI / ML or AIML) model, test localization signal strength, or test localization noise properties in a test area). Wireless device 404 may be available at time T. SRS_TX Send UL-SRS 412, and at time T PRS_RX Receives DL Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) (DL-PRS) 410. Wireless device 406 can receive the DL positioning reference signal (PRS) at time T. SRS_Rx Receive UL-SRS 412, and at time T PRS_Tx Send DL-PRS 410. Wireless device 404 may receive DL-PRS 410 before sending UL-SRS 412, or may send UL-SRS 412 before receiving DL-PRS 410. In both cases, the location server (e.g., location server 168, LMF 166) or wireless device 404 may base its signal on ||T. SRS_RX -T PRS_TX |-|T SRS_TX -T PRS_RX|| to determine RTT 414. Therefore, multi-RTT positioning can utilize the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (i.e., |T) of downlink signals received from multiple radio devices 402, 406 and measured by radio device 404. SRS_TX -T PRS_RX |) and DL-PRS reference signal received power (RSRP) (DL-PRS-RSRP), and the TRP Rx-Tx time difference measurement of the uplink signal transmitted from wireless device 404 at multiple wireless devices 402, 406 (i.e., |T) SRS_RX -T PRS_TX |) and UL-SRS-RSRP. Wireless device 404 can use auxiliary data received from the location server to measure the UE Rx-Tx time difference (and optionally, the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal), and wireless devices 402 and 406 can use auxiliary data received from the location server to measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference (and optionally, the UL-SRS-RSRP of the received signal). The measurements can be used at the location server or wireless device 404 to determine the RTT. The RTT can be used to estimate the location of wireless device 404. Other methods for determining the RTT are possible, such as, for example, using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurements.

[0076] DL-AoD positioning can utilize the measured DL-PRS-RSRP of downlink signals received at wireless device 404 from multiple wireless devices 402, 406. Wireless device 404 can use auxiliary data received from a positioning server to measure the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signals, and the resulting measurement, together with the azimuth departure (A-AoD), zenith departure (Z-AoD), and / or other configuration information, can be used to locate wireless device 404 relative to neighboring wireless devices 402, 406.

[0077] DL-TDOA positioning can utilize the DL Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) (and optionally, DL-PRS-RSRP) of downlink signals received at radio device 404 from multiple radio devices 402, 406. UE 404 can use auxiliary data received from a positioning server to measure the DL RSTD (and optionally, DL-PRS-RSRP) of the received signals, and the resulting measurement can be used, along with other configuration information, to locate the position / location of radio device 404 relative to neighboring radio devices 402, 406.

[0078] UL-TDOA positioning can utilize the UL relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and optionally, UL-SRS-RSRP) of the uplink signal transmitted from wireless device 404 at multiple wireless devices 402, 406. Wireless devices 402, 406 can use auxiliary data received from a positioning server to measure the UL-RTOA (and optionally, UL-SRS-RSRP) of the received signal, and the resulting measurement can be used, along with other configuration information, to estimate the location of wireless device 404.

[0079] UL-AoA positioning utilizes the azimuth angle (A-AoA) and zenith angle (Z-AoA) of the uplink signal transmitted from wireless device 404, measured at multiple wireless devices 402 and 406. Wireless devices 402 and 406 can use auxiliary data received from a positioning server to measure the A-AoA and Z-AoA of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, along with other configuration information, can be used to estimate the position of wireless device 404.

[0080] Additional positioning methods can be used to estimate the location of the wireless device 404, such as, for example, UE-side UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA. It should be noted that data / measurements from various technologies can be combined in various ways to increase accuracy, determine and / or enhance certainty, supplement / improve measurements, and / or replace / provide missing information.

[0081] Figure 5 This is an illustration 500 of a network entity 508 that can be configured to coordinate wireless devices 502 and 506 to perform location with wireless device 504. The locations of wireless devices 502 and 506 may be known to at least one device (such as wireless device 502, wireless device 504, wireless device 506, and / or network entity 508). Wireless device 502 may be a base station, gNB, or TRP. Wireless device 506 may be a base station, gNB, or TRP. Wireless device 504 may be a UE or PRU. The PRU may be a UE with a known location; for example, the PRU may be fixed in place or may be placed in a known location for a period of time, or the PRU may have a set of sensors (e.g., high-accuracy GNSS sensors) that can be used to accurately calculate the PRU's location. Network entity 508 may be connected to wireless devices 502 and 506 via a physical link (e.g., a backhaul link or a midhaul link) or via a wireless link (such as an air interface (Uu) link). Network entity 508 can be part of the core network, such as an LMF or a collection of location servers. Network entity 508 can configure the timing of location between wireless devices 502, 504, and 506.

[0082] To perform location tracking, network entity 508 may configure one or more wireless devices to transmit location signals to each other. For example, wireless device 504 may transmit a set of location signals 512 to wireless device 502. The set of location signals 512 may be a set of SRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. Wireless device 502 may measure the set of location signals 512. Wireless device 502 may transmit a set of location signals 516 to wireless device 504. The set of location signals 516 may be a set of PRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. Wireless device 504 may measure the set of location signals 516. Wireless device 504 may transmit a set of location signals 514 to wireless device 506. The set of location signals 514 may be a set of SRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. Wireless device 506 may measure the set of location signals 514. Wireless device 506 may transmit a set of location signals 518 to wireless device 504. The set of location signals 518 can be a set of PRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. Wireless device 504 can measure the set of location signals 518. One or more wireless devices can measure the received location signals to calculate a location measurement, which can be used to calculate the location / position of wireless device 504, or can be used to calculate the location / position of wireless device 504. For example, if the locations of wireless devices 502 and 506 are known, the location of wireless device 504 can be calculated based on the RTT between wireless devices 502 and 504 and the RTT between wireless devices 504 and 506. In another example, wireless device 504 can calculate the angle of arrival (AoA) or angle of departure (AoD) of the set of location signals 516, and can calculate the AoA or AoD of the set of location signals 518. If the locations of wireless devices 502 and 506 are also known, the calculated AoA and / or AoD can be used to calculate the location of wireless device 504. Other measurements (such as RTOA, line-of-sight (LOS) identification (identifying whether there is a direct line-of-sight path between wireless devices)) or multi-cell round-trip time (multi-RTT) calculations can be performed to calculate the location of wireless device 504, or to calculate measurements that can be used to calculate the location of wireless device 504.

[0083] In some aspects, the positioning model can be used to calculate one or more positioning metrics based on measurements. For example, the positioning / location of wireless device 504 can be calculated or estimated based on measurements of a set of positioning signals 512 and / or a set of positioning signals 514 transmitted by wireless device 504, or intermediate measurements that can be calculated or estimated for calculating the positioning / location of wireless device 504. The positioning model can be trained using artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML or AIML) based on a set of inputs (e.g., measurements of positioning signals, auxiliary information associated with the positioning signals) and a set of tags. Positioning signals may include any reference signals transmitted from the wireless device, such as PRS, SRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. RS transmitted from a UE (such as a PRU) may be referred to as an uplink positioning signal or UL positioning signal. RS transmitted from a base station or TRP may be referred to as a downlink positioning signal or DL ​​positioning signal. Measurements may be channel impulse response (CIR), channel frequency response (CFR), or other measurements used to perform positioning of a target wireless device. Labels can be computed, derived, or given (i.e., known) expected results associated with the set of inputs, such as the location / position of wireless device 504 or intermediate measurements (e.g., timing measurements, angle measurements, LOS markers) that can be used to compute the location / position of wireless device 504. The set of inputs and the set of labels can be used to generate and / or train a localization model using AI / ML.

[0084] When training the localization model, measurements of the localization signal serve as input, clean or noisy labels (clean labels may have a quality metric greater than or equal to a threshold, and noisy labels may have a quality metric less than or equal to a threshold) serve as the expected output, and training data auxiliary information serves as either input or the expected output. The localization model can operate on any wireless device based on the set of inputs. For example, wireless device 502 may have a localization model configured to accept a set of localization measurements and generate an estimate of the localization / position of wireless device 504. In another example, wireless device 502 may have a localization model configured to accept a set of localization measurements and generate intermediate measurements (e.g., timing measurements, angle measurements, LOS identifiers) that can be used (by wireless device 502 or another entity, such as network entity 508, wireless device 504, or wireless device 506) to calculate the localization / position of wireless device 504. In another example, network entity 508 may have a positioning model configured to receive a set of positioning measurements and generate an estimate of the location / position of wireless device 504, or generate intermediate measurements that can be used to calculate the location / position of wireless device 504. In another example, wireless device 504 may have a positioning model configured to receive a set of positioning measurements and generate an estimate of the location / position of wireless device 504, or generate intermediate measurements that can be used to calculate the location / position of wireless device 504. In some aspects, positioning measurements may be aggregated by an entity having a positioning model; for example, network entity 508 may aggregate measurements of a set of positioning signals 512 from wireless device 502, measurements of a set of positioning signals 514 from wireless device 506 to be used as input to the positioning model, measurements of a set of positioning signals 516 from wireless device 504, and / or measurements of a set of positioning signals 518 from wireless device 504.

[0085] The positioning model can be trained on wireless devices performing positioning (such as wireless devices 502, 504, 506, and / or network entity 508) or on offline devices (such as over-the-top (OTT) servers). Inputs to the positioning model may include measurements of positioning signals, such as SRS, PRS, SSB, and / or CSI-RS. Inputs to the measurements may include auxiliary information associated with the measured positioning signals, such as the BWP of the positioning signal resource, the number of TRPs, beam information, and positioning signal configuration. The positioning model's labels / outputs may include location or intermediate measurements.

[0086] In some aspects, the positioning model can be configured to calculate the location of wireless device 504 using measurements of positioning signals transmitted from the wireless device, or to calculate intermediate measurements that can be used to calculate the location of wireless device 504. The positioning model can be trained via a training entity and can be used at wireless device 502, wireless device 504, wireless device 506, or network entity 508. For example, the positioning model at wireless device 504 can be configured to calculate the location of wireless device 504 based on measurements of a set of positioning signals 516 and / or a set of positioning signals 518. In another example, wireless device 502 can transmit a set of intermediate measurements to network entity 508, allowing network entity 508 to calculate the location of wireless device 504 based on the set of intermediate measurements. In another example, wireless device 504 can transmit measurements of a set of positioning signals 516 and / or a set of positioning signals 518 to network entity 508. The positioning model can be at network entity 508. The localization model at network entity 508 can calculate the location of wireless device 504 based on measurements of the set of localization signals 516 and / or the set of localization signals 518 transmitted from wireless device 504, the set of localization signals 512 transmitted from wireless device 502, and / or the set of localization signals 514 transmitted from wireless device 506. In other words, any of wireless device 502, wireless device 504, and / or wireless device 506 can assist network entity 508 in performing localization using a trained localization model.

[0087] In some respects, the localization model can be site-specific. For example, a first localization model can be trained in locations or sets of locations associated with a first site having a first set of boundaries, and a second localization model can be trained in locations or sets of locations associated with a second site having a second set of boundaries. A wireless device can be configured to use one of a plurality of site-specific localization models. For example, the wireless device can select a site-specific localization model based on its location, or it can select a site-specific localization model based on an indicator (e.g., a signal indicating selection of a specific site-specific localization model from a plurality of site-specific localization models sent from network entity 508).

[0088] Measurement of positioning signals can be performed by measuring the channel between the target device (e.g., wireless device 504) and a set of network nodes (e.g., wireless devices 502 and 506). Wireless device 504 can transmit positioning signals such as SRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. Wireless device 502 and / or wireless device 506 can measure positioning signals for data collection purposes to train a positioning model. Wireless device 504 and / or wireless device 506 can transmit positioning signals such as PRS, SSB, or CSI-RS. Wireless device 504 can measure positioning signals for data collection purposes to train a positioning model. Wireless devices 502, 504, and / or 506 can measure location signal resources in a variety of ways, such as channel impulse response (CIR), channel frequency response (CFR), power delay distribution (PDP), reflection path set, receive-transmit (Rx-Tx) time difference, received signal strength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received power path (RSRPP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), time of arrival (ToA), reference signal time difference (RSTD), or angle of departure (AoD).

[0089] Although Figure 500 illustrates two location-adjacent wireless devices (wireless devices 502 and 506) configured to perform location calculations with a target wireless device (wireless device 504) to determine the location / position of wireless device 504, any number of location-adjacent wireless devices can be configured to perform location calculations with any number of target wireless devices. For example, four location-adjacent wireless devices can be configured to calculate the location / position of two target wireless devices, three location-adjacent wireless devices can be configured to calculate the location / position of one target wireless device, or two location-adjacent wireless devices can be configured to calculate the location / position of one target wireless device.

[0090] In some aspects, a wireless device (such as wireless device 504) may have one or more location-based services that depend on the location associated with the wireless device or location information associated with the wireless device. Location-based services may be services that utilize one or more variables of the wireless device, which change when the location of the wireless device changes by more than a minimum threshold amount. Such location-based services may include, for example, beam management services, CSI feedback services, activation / deactivation / selection of site-specific location-based service models, beam prediction services, or TRP handover services. Beam management services may include services that calculate or perform inter-cell beam management for the wireless device. Beam management services may include inter-cell frequency planning. CSI feedback services may include services that estimate the channel of the wireless device based on CSI. Site-specific location-based service models may be AI / ML models used to calculate the location-based attributes of the wireless device. Such models may include beam prediction models or CSI feedback. TRP handover services may include services that perform handover operations for the wireless device from one cell to another.

[0091] Because location-based service KPIs can be affected by erroneous estimations of the location and / or positioning of wireless devices, and because positioning methods (e.g., using site-specific positioning models or site-specific positioning algorithms) can also be affected by erroneous estimations of the location and / or positioning of wireless devices, monitoring one or more location-based service KPIs of a wireless device can help indicate potential errors in the positioning methods of the same wireless device. For example, if the signal received by wireless device 504 for a location-based service suffers from extreme drops in throughput, high NACK rates, beam failures, and / or cell drop scenarios, the positioning method used by wireless device 504 may also suffer from similar errors. Wireless device 504 can monitor a set of KPIs for a set of location-based services. The KPI set may include, for example, throughput, NACK rate, or beam failure rate. In some aspects, wireless device 504 may be configured to report indicators of location-based service KPIs to network entity 508 (e.g., flag indicators indicating whether a location-based service is malfunctioning, or location-based service KPI values ​​that allow network entity 508 to determine whether a location-based service is malfunctioning). In response, network entity 508 can determine whether the positioning method of wireless device 504 should be changed based on the KPI indicator. Network entity 508 can send an indicator to wireless device 504 to activate, deactivate, or otherwise change the positioning method of wireless device 504 to compensate for a fault. For example, in response to receiving an indicator, wireless device 504 can use a positioning model that calculates the location of wireless device 504 based on a different set of measurements (e.g., AoA and RTT instead of RSRP).

[0092] In some aspects, network entity 508 can configure wireless device 504 to monitor a set of KPIs for a set of location-based services for wireless device 504. Network entity 508 can send the configuration to wireless device 504. Wireless device 504 can receive the configuration from network entity 508. The configuration can instruct wireless device 504 which location-based services it should monitor (e.g., location-related beam management, location-related activation for CSI feedback positioning models, location-based beam prediction). The configuration can instruct wireless device 504 which KPIs it should monitor and / or report (e.g., throughput, NACK rate, beam failure rate). The configuration can instruct wireless device 504 how to report the set of KPIs. For example, the configuration can instruct wireless device 504 whether to measure the set of KPIs based on events (e.g., when throughput drops below a threshold, when the NACK rate exceeds a threshold). The configuration can instruct wireless device 504 to measure the set of KPIs periodically or based on trigger signals (e.g., signals from network entity 508). This configuration can instruct the wireless device 504 whether to report each monitored KPI individually, report a set of KPIs in a batch report, or provide statistics on KPIs (e.g., average KPI values, median KPI values, maximum / minimum KPI values). The network entity 508 can send the configuration in various ways in response to a request from the wireless device 504, such as as part of an LPP-assisted data exchange, as part of an LPP broadcast message, or as part of an LPP-specific process for monitoring location-based services.

[0093] Wireless device 504 may send indicators of its capabilities to network entity 508. These capabilities may include the ability of wireless device 504 to monitor and report a set of KPIs for a set of location-based services for wireless device 504. The capabilities may include indicators of the location-based services that wireless device 504 is capable of monitoring. The capabilities may include indicators of the KPIs that wireless device 504 is capable of monitoring. The capabilities may include indicators of conditions that can trigger wireless device 504 to measure the set of KPIs. The capabilities may include indicators of reporting options that wireless device 504 can use to generate and / or send reports. Wireless device 504 may send these indicators of its capabilities via various means, such as via an LPP capability exchange process or in response to a request from network entity 508.

[0094] Figure 6This is a connection flowchart 600 illustrating an example of communication between a target wireless device 602, a set of neighboring wireless devices 604, and a location network entity 606. The target wireless device 602 may be a UE (User Equipment). The set of neighboring wireless devices 604 may include a set of base stations and / or a set of TRPs configured to send location signals to the target wireless device 602. The location network entity 606 may include an LMF (Location Management Function) or may include one or more location servers. The location network entity 606 may be configured to configure the timing of location between the target wireless device 602 and the set of neighboring wireless devices 604. The location network entity 606 may be configured to configure KPI configuration settings for the target wireless device 602 to measure and report KPIs associated with one or more location-based services of the target wireless device 602. Multiple location methods may be used to configure the target wireless device 602, and / or multiple location methods with settings that may be changed based on one or more KPIs associated with one or more location-based services of the target wireless device 602.

[0095] In some aspects, the positioning network entity 606 may send a capability request 608 to the positioning target wireless device 602. The positioning target wireless device 602 may receive the capability request 608 from the positioning network entity 606. In some aspects, the positioning network entity 606 and the positioning target wireless device 602 may perform a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) capability exchange process that includes the capability request 608. In other words, the positioning network entity 606 may send an LPP message that includes the capability request 608 (e.g., as part of the LPP protocol). The capability request 608 may include indicators for the positioning target wireless device 602 to indicate its ability to measure and report one or more KPIs.

[0096] In some aspects, the target wireless device 602 may transmit capability 610 to the location network entity 606. The location network entity 606 may receive capability 610 from the target wireless device 602. The target wireless device 602 may transmit capability 610 in response to receiving capability request 608. In some aspects, the target wireless device 602 may transmit capability 610 in response to some other stimulus (e.g., in response to a schedule for the target wireless device 602 to periodically broadcast its capabilities, or in response to determining that one or more KPIs associated with the location-based services of the target wireless device 602 are within a fault threshold range). Capability 610 may include one or more indicators of the target wireless device 602's ability to monitor and report KPIs of one or more location-based services of the target wireless device 602. In one aspect, capability 610 may include a list of supported location-based services that the target wireless device 602 can monitor. For example, capability 610 may include a list of indicators of location-based services, or may include a bitmap of a set of flags corresponding to the location-based services that the target wireless device 602 is able to monitor. In one aspect, capability 610 may include a list of supported KPIs that the location-target wireless device 602 can monitor. The list of supported KPIs may include, for example, indicators of perceived throughput (e.g., RSRP or beam fault indication) associated with a set of location-based service signals, indicators of beam fault (e.g., RSRP) associated with a set of location-based service signals, or indicators of negative acknowledgment (NACK) rate associated with a set of location-based service signals. Location-based service signals may include PDSCH channel transmissions, commands for beam switching, or beam switching (i.e., beam communication for switching from one cell to another). In some aspects, the list of supported KPIs may include a set of supported conditions associated with the monitored KPIs, such as a set of frequencies that the location-target wireless device 602 can monitor, or a minimum gap length for monitoring the set of location-based service signals. In one aspect, capability 610 may include a list of reporting options or reporting formats supported by the location-target wireless device 602. For example, the location-target wireless device 602 may be configured to indicate a flag in a report that indicates whether a location-based service is malfunctioning based on the monitored signals. In another example, the target wireless device 602 may be configured to indicate a KPI value (e.g., NACK rate) corresponding to the location-based service in the report. In some aspects, the location network entity 606 and the target wireless device 602 may perform an LPP capability exchange process including capability 610. In other words, the target wireless device 602 may send LPP messages including capability 610 (e.g., as part of the LPP protocol).

[0097] In some aspects, the target wireless device 602 may send a configuration request 612 to the location network entity 606. The location network entity 606 may receive the configuration request 612 from the target wireless device 602. In some aspects, the location network entity 606 and the target wireless device 602 may perform LPP-assisted data exchange including the configuration request 612. In other words, the target wireless device 602 may send an LPP message including the configuration request 612 (e.g., as part of the LPP protocol). The configuration request 612 may include indicators for the location network entity 606 to configure aspects of the target wireless device 602's monitoring and / or reporting of KPIs associated with one or more location-based services of the target wireless device 602.

[0098] At 614, the positioning network entity 606 can configure KPIs for locating the target wireless device 602. The positioning network entity 606 can configure the KPIs based on the capability 610 received from the target wireless device 602. The positioning network entity 606 can also, or alternatively, configure the KPIs based on other information, such as site information associated with the target wireless device 602 or its neighboring cells.

[0099] In some aspects, the location network entity 606 may send a set of KPI configurations 616 to the target wireless device 602. The target wireless device 602 may receive the set of KPI configurations 616 from the location network entity 606. The location network entity 606 may send the set of KPI configurations 616 in response to receiving a configuration request 612. In some aspects, the location network entity 606 may send the set of KPI configurations 616 in response to some other stimulus (e.g., in response to a schedule for the location network entity 606 to periodically broadcast KPI configurations, or in response to determining that the target wireless device 602 has a high probability of being within or near a site associated with a high failure rate of location-related services). In some aspects, the location network entity 606 and the target wireless device 602 may perform an LPP-assisted data exchange process that includes the set of KPI configurations 616. In other words, the location network entity 606 may send an LPP message that includes the set of KPI configurations 616 (e.g., as part of the LPPa protocol). In some aspects, the location network entity 606 may broadcast an LPP broadcast message including a set of KPI configurations 616. For example, the location network entity 606 may broadcast the set of KPI configurations 616 periodically according to a schedule, or it may broadcast the set of KPI configurations 616 non-periodically in response to a triggering stimulus (e.g., determining that a group of wireless devices is approaching a site with a high probability of failure for location-based services). In some aspects, the location network entity 606 may send the set of KPI configurations 616 as part of an LPP-specific process for location monitoring. In some aspects, the location network entity 606 may send the set of KPI configurations 616 as part of an LPP-assisted data exchange. In some aspects, the location network entity 606 may send the set of KPI configurations 616 in response to receiving a configuration request 612 from the location target wireless device 602.

[0100] The set of KPI configurations 616 may include configurations for locating the target wireless device 602 to enable monitoring based on a location-based set of services. In some aspects, the set of KPI configurations 616 may include indicators of the location-based set of services for monitoring and reporting the target wireless device 602. The location-based set of services may include, for example, beam management services, CSI feedback services, activation / deactivation / modification of site-specific location-based service models, beam prediction services, and TRP handover services. The set of KPI configurations 616 may include a set of location-based service indicators, each associated with a discrete location-based set of services, or may include a bitmap of flags, wherein the flags are set if associated with a location-based service for monitoring the target wireless device 602. In some aspects, the set of KPI configurations 616 may include a set of aspects for monitoring. The set of aspects may include a set of KPIs to be monitored. KPIs may include, for example, perceived throughput associated with a location-based set of service signals, beam failures or beam failure rates associated with a location-based set of service signals, or NACK rates associated with a location-based set of service signals. The aspect set may include a set of conditions associated with the monitored KPI set. For example, the condition set may be event-based (e.g., recording the KPI set if the monitored throughput is equal to or below a threshold level, or recording the KPI set if the monitored NACK rate is greater than or equal to a threshold level). In another example, the condition set may be trigger-based (e.g., network activity of a location-based set of service signals sent to the targeted wireless device 602). In some aspects, the set of KPI configurations 616 may include an aspect set for reporting to the targeted wireless device 602. The reporting aspect set may include periodicity for the targeted wireless device 602 to send reports, or may include triggering for the targeted wireless device 602 to send the KPI set upon detection. The reporting aspect set may include the quantity associated with the reports, such as whether the reports are sent individually or in batches as multiple KPIs, or statistics (e.g., ratios, medians, averages) of the monitored KPI set. The set of aspects of the report may include report format, such as whether the report includes a flag indicating that a location-based service is experiencing a failure (e.g., a KPI is within a failure threshold range), or whether the report includes indicators of the actual measured KPIs corresponding to the location-based service. The failure threshold range can be open-ended, for example... , , , Or it can be bounded, for example , .

[0101] The positioning network entity 606 can send a set of positioning configurations 618 to the positioning target wireless device 602. The positioning target wireless device 602 can receive the set of positioning configurations 618 from the positioning network entity 606. The set of positioning configurations 618 can instruct the positioning target wireless device 602 on scheduling for a set of positioning signals 622 to be received by the positioning target wireless device 602. The set of positioning configurations 618 can instruct one or more positioning methods for the positioning target wireless device 602 to perform positioning on the set of positioning signals 622. The positioning methods may include, for example, indicators for a set of positioning models for locating the positioning target wireless device 602.

[0102] At 620, the target wireless device 602 can apply a set of KPI configurations 616 and a set of positioning configurations 618. A set of neighboring wireless devices 604 can send a set of positioning signals 622 to the target wireless device 602. In some aspects, the positioning network entity 606 can be configured to send the set of positioning signals 622 to the set of neighboring wireless devices 604.

[0103] At 624, the target wireless device 602 can measure the set of positioning signals 622 based on the set of positioning configurations 618. At 626, the target wireless device 602 can calculate its location based on the set of positioning configurations 618, for example, by applying a positioning model indicated by the set of positioning configurations 618. In some aspects, the target wireless device 602 can, for example, send a set of reports indicating the calculated location to one of the set of neighboring wireless devices 604 or to the positioning network entity 606.

[0104] At least one of the set of location-adjacent wireless devices 604 can send a set of location-based service signals 628 to the location-target wireless device 602. The location-target wireless device 602 can receive the set of location-based service signals 628 from at least one of the set of location-adjacent wireless devices 604. The location-target wireless device 602 can use the set of location-based service signals 628 to perform location-based services, such as beam management services, CSI feedback services, beam prediction services, TRP handover services, and / or use site-specific location-based service models (e.g., AI / ML models). The location-target wireless device 602 can monitor a set of KPIs associated with the location-based service set based on a set of KPI configurations 616. The location-target wireless device 602 can send a set of reports 630 to the location network entity 606 based on the monitored set of KPIs. The location network entity 606 can receive the set of reports 630. The set of reports 630 may include indicators of a set of KPIs for locating the target wireless device 602 based on a set of location-based service signals 628. For example, the set of reports 630 may include indicators of whether the location-based service is malfunctioning, or it may include KPIs for the location-based service for locating the target wireless device 602.

[0105] At 632, the positioning network entity 606 can configure the positioning method for the target wireless device 602 based on the set of reports 630. For example, the positioning network entity 606 can instruct the target wireless device 602 to activate, deactivate, and / or change the positioning model based on the set of reports 630. The positioning network entity 606 can then send the indication of the new configuration as a set of positioning configurations 618 to the target wireless device 602.

[0106] Figure 7 This is a flowchart 700 of a wireless communication method. This method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, UE 350; wireless device 404, wireless device 504; location target wireless device 602; device 1104). At 702, the UE can receive a set of location-related service signals associated with the UE's location-related services. For example, 702 can be performed by the location target wireless device 602, which can receive a set of location-based service signals 628 associated with the location-related services of the location target wireless device 602. In some aspects, the location target wireless device 602 can receive location-based service signals from other devices (e.g., other base stations or other wireless devices) not shown in the connection flowchart 600. Furthermore, 702 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0107] At 704, the UE may send a report including at least one of a KPI associated with a location-related service or a first indicator of a KPI associated with a location-related service within a fault threshold range. For example, 704 may be performed by a location-targeting radio device 602, which may send a set of reports 630 to a location network entity 606. The set of reports 630 may include indicators of at least one of a KPI associated with a location-related service of the location-targeting radio device 602 or an indicator of a KPI associated with a location-related service of the location-targeting radio device 602 within a fault threshold range. Furthermore, 704 may be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0108] At 706, the UE can receive a second indicator for changing the UE's positioning method based on a report. For example, 706 can be performed by a positioning target radio device 602, which can receive a set of positioning configurations 618 from a positioning network entity 606. The set of positioning configurations 618 may include an indicator for the positioning target radio device 602 to change its positioning method based on a set of reports 630. Furthermore, 706 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0109] At 708, the UE can receive a set of location signals. For example, 708 can be performed by a location target radio device 602, which can receive signal 622 from a set of location neighboring radio devices 604. Furthermore, 708 can be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0110] At 710, the UE can measure the set of positioning signals. For example, 710 can be performed by a positioning target wireless device 602, which can measure the set of positioning signals 622 at 624. Furthermore, 710 can be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0111] At 712, the UE can calculate its location using a modified positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals. For example, 712 can be performed by a positioning target wireless device 602, which can calculate its location at 626 using the modified positioning method based on measurements collected at 624. Furthermore, 712 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0112] Figure 8 This is a flowchart 800 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by a UE (e.g., UE 104, UE 350; wireless device 404, wireless device 504; target location wireless device 602; device 1104).

[0113] At point 802, the UE can receive a request for its ability to monitor and report a set of KPIs. For example, 802 can be performed by a location-target radio device 602, which can receive a capability request 608 from a location network entity 606. Capability request 608 may include a request for the location-target radio device 602 to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Furthermore, 802 can be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0114] At 804, the UE can transmit the ability to monitor and report a set of KPIs. This capability may include (a) a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with the KPI set, (b) a fourth indicator of the KPI set, and / or (c) a fifth indicator of a set of report formats associated with the KPI set. For example, 804 can be performed by a location-targeted radio device 602, which can transmit the ability 610 to monitor the KPI set and report it to the location network entity 606. Capability 610 may include (a) an indicator of a location-based service set that the location-targeted radio device 602 can monitor, (b) an indicator of a set of KPIs that the location-targeted radio device 602 can monitor, and / or (c) an indicator of a set of report formats that the location-targeted radio device 602 can generate and report. Furthermore, 804 may be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0115] At point 806, the UE can send a request for configuration of the KPI set for monitoring. For example, 806 can be performed by a location target radio device 602, which can send a configuration request 612 to the location network entity 606. The configuration request 612 may include an indicator for the configuration of the KPI set for monitoring. Furthermore, 806 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0116] At point 808, the UE may receive configuration for monitoring a set of KPIs. This configuration may include (a) a third indicator for the KPIs, (b) a fourth indicator for triggering associated with a measurement of the KPI, (c) a fifth indicator for timing associated with sending a report, (d) a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI, and / or (e) a seventh indicator for the report format associated with the report. For example, 808 may be performed by a location target radio device 602, which may receive a set of KPI configurations 616 from a location network entity 606. The set of KPI configurations 616 may include configuration for monitoring the set of KPIs. The configuration may include (a) an indicator for locating the set of KPIs that the target wireless device 602 will monitor / report, (b) an indicator for locating the target wireless device 602 to respond to and measure the set of KPIs, (c) an indicator for locating the target wireless device 602 to time the set of reports 630, (d) an indicator for the number of measurements to be sent in the set of reports 630, and / or (e) an indicator for locating the target wireless device 602 to generate the set of reports 630. Furthermore, 808 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0117] At point 810, the UE can monitor the KPI set based on a configuration. For example, 810 can be performed by a target radio device 602, which can monitor the KPI set based on the set of KPI configuration 616. Furthermore, 810 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0118] At 812, the UE can receive a set of location-related service signals associated with its location-related services. Location-based services may include (a) beam management service, (b) CSI feedback service, (c) activation of a site-specific location-based service model, (d) beam prediction service, and / or (e) TRP handover service. For example, 812 can be performed by a location-targeting radio device 602, which can receive a set of location-based service signals 628 associated with its location-related services. In some aspects, the location-targeting radio device 602 can receive location-based service signals from other devices (e.g., other base stations or other radio devices) not shown in the connection flowchart 600. Location-based services may include (a) beam management service, (b) CSI feedback service, (c) activation of a site-specific location-based service model, (d) beam prediction service, and / or (e) TRP handover service. Furthermore, 812 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0119] At point 814, the UE may send a report including a KPI associated with location-related services and / or a first indicator indicating that the KPI associated with location-related services is within a fault threshold range. The KPI associated with location-based services may include (a) a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with a set of location-based service signals, (b) a fourth indicator of beam fault associated with a set of location-based service signals, and / or (c) a fifth indicator of NACK rate associated with a set of location-based service signals. For example, point 814 may be performed by a location-targeting radio device 602, which may send a set of reports 630 to a location network entity 606. The set of reports 630 may include indicators of KPIs associated with location-related services of the location-targeting radio device 602 and / or indicators indicating that the KPIs associated with location-related services of the location-targeting radio device 602 are within a fault threshold range. KPIs associated with location-based services may include (a) an indicator of perceived throughput associated with the location-based service signal set, (b) an indicator of beam faults associated with the location-based service signal set, and / or (c) an indicator of NACK rate associated with the location-based service signal set. Furthermore, 814 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0120] At point 816, the UE can receive a second indicator for changing the UE's positioning method based on a report. For example, 816 can be performed by a positioning target radio device 602, which can receive a set of positioning configurations 618 from a positioning network entity 606. The set of positioning configurations 618 may include an indicator for the positioning target radio device 602 to change its positioning method based on a set of reports 630. Furthermore, 816 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0121] At point 818, the UE can select a positioning model for the changed positioning method based on a second indicator. For example, 818 can be performed by a positioning target radio device 602, which can select a positioning model for the changed positioning method at point 620 based on an indicator of the set of positioning configurations 618. Furthermore, 818 can be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0122] At point 820, the UE can receive a set of location signals. For example, 820 can be performed by a location target radio device 602, which can receive signal 622 from a set of location neighboring radio devices 604. Furthermore, 820 can be performed by… Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0123] At 822, the UE can measure the set of positioning signals. For example, 822 can be performed by a positioning target wireless device 602, which can measure the set of positioning signals 622 at 624. Furthermore, 822 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0124] At point 824, the UE can calculate its location using a modified positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals. For example, point 824 can be performed by a positioning target wireless device 602, which can calculate its location at point 626 using the modified positioning method based on measurements collected at point 624. Furthermore, point 824 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0125] At point 826, the UE can transmit this capability by sending an LPP capability exchange message that includes the ability for the UE to monitor and report a set of KPIs. For example, point 826 can be performed by a location-targeting radio device 602, which can send an LPP capability exchange message including capability 610. Furthermore, point 826 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0126] At point 828, the UE can receive the configuration by receiving an LPP auxiliary data exchange message that includes a configuration for monitoring the KPI set. For example, 828 can be performed by a target radio device 602, which can receive an LPP auxiliary data exchange message including the set of KPI configurations 616. Furthermore, 828 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0127] At point 830, the UE can receive the configuration by receiving an LPP broadcast message that includes a configuration for monitoring the KPI set. For example, 830 can be performed by a target radio device 602, which can receive an LPP broadcast message including the set of KPI configurations 616. Furthermore, 830 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0128] At 832, the UE can measure the set of KPIs in response to a trigger. For example, 832 can be performed by the target radio device 602, which can measure the set of KPIs at 624 in response to a trigger (e.g., NACK, beam failure rate). The set of KPIs configured in 616 can instruct the target radio device 602 to respond to the trigger for measuring the set of KPIs. Furthermore, 832 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 or Figure 11 Component 198 in the middle is used to execute.

[0129] Figure 9This is a flowchart of a wireless communication method, 900. This method can be performed by network entities (e.g., base station 102, base station 310; wireless devices 402, 406, 502, 506; network entity 508; location network entity 606; location neighboring wireless devices 604; network entity 1102, network entity 1202, network entity 1360). At 902, the network entity can receive a report including a first indicator that the KPI associated with the location-related service is within a fault threshold range. For example, 902 can be performed by… Figure 6 The location network entity 606 performs this action, receiving a set of reports 630 from the target wireless device 602. The set of reports 630 may include KPIs associated with the location-related services of the target wireless device 602 and / or indicators showing that the KPIs associated with the location-related services of the target wireless device 602 are within a fault threshold range. Furthermore, 902 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0130] At position 904, the network entity can send a second indicator to change the localization method based on the first indicator and / or determining that the KPI is within the fault threshold range. For example, position 904 can be... Figure 6 The positioning network entity 606 performs this action, and can send a set of positioning configurations 618 to the target wireless device 602. The set of positioning configurations 618 may include indicators for changing the positioning method of the target wireless device 602 based on a set of reports 630 and / or determining that the KPIs of the set of reports 630 are within a fault threshold range. Furthermore, 904 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0131] Figure 10 This is a flowchart 1000 of a wireless communication method. The method can be performed by network entities (e.g., base station 102, base station 310; wireless device 402, wireless device 406, wireless device 502, wireless device 506; network entity 508; location network entity 606; location neighboring wireless device 604; network entity 1102, network entity 1202, network entity 1360).

[0132] At point 1002, a network entity can send a request for the ability to monitor and report a set of KPIs to the UE. For example, point 1002 can be... Figure 6 The location network entity 606 performs this action, and can send a capability request 608 to the target wireless device 602. The capability request 608 may include a request for the target wireless device 602 to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Furthermore, 1002 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0133] At point 1004, the network entity can receive the UE's monitoring and reporting capabilities for a set of KPIs. This capability may include (a) a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with the KPI set, (b) a fourth indicator of the KPI set, and / or (c) a fifth indicator of a reporting format set associated with the KPI set. For example, point 1004 may be... Figure 6 The location network entity 606 performs this function, receiving capability 610 from the target wireless device 602. Capability 610 may include the ability of the target wireless device 602 to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Capability 610 may include (a) an indicator of the location-based service set of KPIs that the target wireless device 602 can monitor, (b) an indicator of the set of KPIs that the target wireless device 602 can monitor, and / or (c) an indicator of the set of report formats that the target wireless device 602 can generate and report. Furthermore, 1004 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0134] At point 1006, network entities can configure the settings for monitoring a set of KPIs based on their capabilities. For example, point 1006 can be configured by... Figure 6 The positioning network entity 606 in the middle performs the operation, which can be configured at 614 based on capability 610 to monitor a set of KPIs for locating the target wireless device 602. Furthermore, 1006 can be performed by... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0135] At point 1008, the network entity can receive requests for configuration. For example, 1008 can be... Figure 6 The location network entity 606 performs this action, and this location network entity can receive a configuration request 612 from the location target wireless device 602. The configuration request 612 may include an indicator of configuration from the location network entity 606. Furthermore, 1008 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0136] At point 1010, the network entity can send a configuration for monitoring a set of KPIs. This configuration may include (a) a third indicator for the KPIs, (b) a fourth indicator for triggering a measurement associated with the KPI, (c) a fifth indicator for the timing of sending a report, (d) a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI, and / or (e) a seventh indicator for the report format associated with the report. For example, 1010 may be... Figure 6 The location network entity 606 performs this action, and can send a set of KPI configurations 616 to the target wireless device 602. The set of KPI configurations 616 may include indicators for the target wireless device 602 to monitor the set of KPIs. This configuration may include (a) an indicator for the set of KPIs that the target wireless device 602 monitors / reports, (b) an indicator for triggering the target wireless device 602 to respond to the set of KPIs to measure, (c) an indicator for the timing of the set of reports 630 that the target wireless device 602 will use to send, (d) an indicator for the number of measurements to be sent in the set of reports 630, and / or (e) an indicator for the report format used by the target wireless device 602 to generate the set of reports 630. Furthermore, 1010 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0137] At 1012, the network entity can receive a report including KPIs associated with location-related services and / or a first indicator of KPIs associated with location-related services within a fault threshold range. Location-based services may include (a) beam management services, (b) CSI feedback services, (c) activation of site-specific location-based service models, (d) beam prediction services, and / or (e) TRP handover services. KPIs associated with location-based services may include (a) a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with the location-based service signal set, (b) a fourth indicator of beam faults associated with the location-based service signal set, and / or (c) a fifth indicator of NACK rate associated with the location-based service signal set. For example, 1012 may be... Figure 6The location network entity 606 performs this function, receiving a set of reports 630 from the target wireless device 602. The set of reports 630 may include KPIs associated with the location-related services of the target wireless device 602 and / or indicators of the KPIs associated with the location-related services of the target wireless device 602 within a fault threshold range. Location-based services may include (a) beam management service, (b) CSI feedback service, (c) activation of a site-specific location-based service model, (d) beam prediction service, and / or (e) TRP handover service. KPIs associated with location-based services may include (a) an indicator of perceived throughput associated with the location-based service signal set, (b) an indicator of beam fault associated with the location-based service signal set, and / or (c) an indicator of NACK rate associated with the location-based service signal set. Furthermore, 1012 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0138] At point 1014, the network entity can send a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on the first indicator and / or determining that the KPI is within a fault threshold range. The second indicator may include an indicator of the positioning model associated with the changed positioning method. For example, 1014 may be... Figure 6 The positioning network entity 606 performs this action, and can send a set of positioning configurations 618 to the target wireless device 602. The set of positioning configurations 618 may include an indicator for changing the positioning method of the target wireless device 602 based on an indicator of a set of reports 630 and / or determining that the KPIs of the set of reports 630 are within a fault threshold range. The second indicator may indicate the positioning model used for activating, deactivating, and / or changing the positioning model of the target wireless device 602. Furthermore, 1014 may be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0139] At point 1016, a network entity can receive this capability by receiving an LPP capability exchange message that includes the ability for the UE to monitor and report a set of KPIs. For example, point 1016 can be... Figure 6 The location network entity 606 performs this function, and this location network entity can receive LPP capability exchange messages including capability 610. Furthermore, 1016 can be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0140] At point 1018, the network entity can send the configuration by sending an LPP-assisted data exchange message that includes the configuration for monitoring the KPI set. For example, 1018 can be sent by... Figure 6 The positioning network entity 606 performs this action, and this positioning network entity can send LPP-assisted data exchange messages that include a set of KPI configurations 616. Furthermore, 1018 can be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0141] At point 1020, the network entity can send the configuration by sending an LPP broadcast message that includes the configuration for monitoring the set of KPIs. For example, point 1020 can be sent by... Figure 6 The location network entity 606 in the middle performs this action, and this location network entity can send LPP broadcast messages including a set of KPI configurations 616. Furthermore, 1020 can be... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 12 or Figure 13 Component 199 in the middle is used to execute.

[0142] Figure 11Figure 1100 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for device 1104. Device 1104 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or implement UE functionality. In some aspects, device 1104 may include at least one cellular baseband processor 1124 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1122 (e.g., cellular RF transceivers). Cellular baseband processor 1124 may include at least one on-chip memory 1124'. In some aspects, device 1104 may also include one or more Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards 1120 and at least one application processor 1106 coupled to a Secure Digital Card (SD) card 1108 and a screen 1110. Application processor 1106 may include on-chip memory 1106'. In some aspects, device 1104 may also include a Bluetooth module 1112, a WLAN module 1114, an SPS module 1116 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensor modules 1118 (e.g., a barometric pressure sensor / altimeter; motion sensors such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), gyroscope, and / or accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio-assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 1126, a power source 1130, and / or a camera 1132. Bluetooth module 1112, WLAN module 1114, and SPS module 1116 may include on-chip transceivers (TRX) (or in some cases, only receivers (RX)). Bluetooth module 1112, WLAN module 1114, and SPS module 1116 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or communicate using antenna 1180. Cellular baseband processor 1124 communicates with UE 104 and / or RU associated with network entity 1102 via transceiver 1122 through one or more antennas 1180. Cellular baseband processor 1124 and application processor 1106 may each include computer-readable media / memory 1124', 1106'. Additional memory module 1126 may also be considered computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable media / memory 1124', 1106', 1126 may be non-transitory. Cellular baseband processor 1124 and application processor 1106 are each responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. When executed by cellular baseband processor 1124 / application processor 1106, the software causes cellular baseband processor 1124 / application processor 1106 to perform the various functions described above. Cellular baseband processor 1124 and application processor 1106 are configured to perform the various functions described above based at least in part on information stored in memory.In other words, the cellular baseband processor 1124 and application processor 1106 can be configured to perform a first subset of the various functions described above without information stored in memory, and can be configured to perform a second subset of the various functions described above based on information stored in memory. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1124 / application processor 1106 during software execution. The cellular baseband processor 1124 / application processor 1106 can be a component of the UE 350 and can include at least one of a memory 360 and / or at least one of a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1104 can be at least one processor chip (modem and / or application) and includes only the cellular baseband processor 1124 and / or application processor 1106, while in another configuration, the device 1104 can be the entire UE (e.g., see [link]). Figure 3 The UE350 includes an additional module of the device 1104.

[0143] As discussed above, component 198 can be configured to receive a set of location signals. Component 198 can be configured to measure the set of location signals. Component 198 can be configured to receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of UE 104. Component 198 can be configured to send a report including at least one of a first indicator that the KPI associated with the location-based service or the KPI associated with the location-based service is within a fault threshold range. Component 198 can be configured to receive a second indicator for changing the positioning method of UE 104 based on the report. Component 198 can be configured to calculate the location of UE 104 using the changed positioning method based on the measured set of location signals. Component 198 may be located within cellular baseband processor 1124, application processor 1106, or both cellular baseband processor 1124 and application processor 1106. Component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. As shown, device 1104 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, device 1104 (and particularly cellular baseband processor 1124 and / or application processor 1106) may include components for receiving a set of location signals. Device 1104 may include components for measuring the set of location signals. Device 1104 may include components for receiving a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of device 1104. Device 1104 may include components for sending a report including at least one of a first indicator of a location-based service KPI or a location-based service KPI within a fault threshold range. Device 1104 may include components for receiving a second indicator for changing the positioning method of the UE based on the report. Apparatus 1104 may include components for calculating the location of the UE using a modified positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals. Location-based services may include at least one of the following: (a) beam management service, (b) CSI feedback service, (c) activation of a site-specific location-based service model, (d) beam prediction service, or (e) TRP handover service. KPIs associated with location-based services may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with the set of location-based service signals, (b) a fourth indicator of beam failure associated with the set of location-based service signals, or (c) a fifth indicator of NACK rate associated with the set of location-based service signals.Apparatus 1104 may include components for selecting a positioning model for a modified positioning method based on a second indicator. Apparatus 1104 may include components for receiving configuration for monitoring KPIs. Apparatus 1104 may include components for monitoring KPIs based on the configuration. The configuration may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator for the KPI, (b) a fourth indicator for a trigger associated with a measurement of the KPI, (c) a fifth indicator for a timing associated with sending a report, (d) a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI, and (e) or a seventh indicator for a report format associated with a report. Apparatus 1104 may include components for measuring KPIs based on triggers. Apparatus 1104 may include components for receiving the configuration by receiving an LPP Assisted Data Exchange message including the configuration and / or receiving an LPP Broadcast message including the configuration. Apparatus 1104 may include components for sending a request for the configuration. Receipt of the configuration may be in response to the request. Apparatus 1104 may include components for transmitting the UE's ability to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Receiving a configuration may be in response to a capability. A capability may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with a set of KPIs, (b) a fourth indicator of a set of KPIs, or (c) a fifth indicator of a set of reporting formats associated with a set of KPIs. Apparatus 1104 may include components for transmitting capabilities by sending an LPP capability exchange message including the capability. Apparatus 1104 may include components for receiving requests for capabilities of apparatus 1104 to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Transmission of a capability may be in response to a request. A component may be a component 198 of apparatus 1104 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, apparatus 1104 may include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Therefore, in one configuration, a component may be a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and / or a controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0144] Figure 12Figure 1200 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for network entity 1202. Network entity 1202 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or implement BS functionality. Network entity 1202 may include at least one of CU 1210, DU 1230, or RU 1240. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by component 199, network entity 1202 may include CU 1210; both CU 1210 and DU 1230; each of CU 1210, DU 1230, and RU 1240; DU 1230; both DU 1230 and RU 1240; or RU 1240. CU 1210 may include at least one CU processor 1212. CU processor 1212 may include on-chip memory 1212'. In some aspects, CU 1210 may also include an additional memory module 1214 and a communication interface 1218. CU1210 communicates with DU 1230 via a midhaul link, such as an F1 interface. DU 1230 may include at least one DU processor 1232. DU processor 1232 may include on-chip memory 1232'. In some aspects, DU 1230 may also include an additional memory module 1234 and a communication interface 1238. DU 1230 communicates with RU 1240 via a fronthaul link. RU 1240 may include at least one RU processor 1242. RU processor 1242 may include on-chip memory 1242'. In some aspects, RU 1240 may also include an additional memory module 1244, one or more transceivers 1246, an antenna 1280, and a communication interface 1248. RU 1240 communicates with UE 104. On-chip memories 1212', 1232', 1242' and additional memory modules 1214, 1234, 1244 may each be considered as computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory can be non-transitory. Each of processors 1212, 1232, and 1242 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. When executed by the corresponding processor, the software causes the processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the processor while executing the software.

[0145] As discussed above, component 199 may be configured to receive a report including at least one of a KPI associated with a location-based service or a first indicator indicating that the KPI associated with a location-based service is within a fault threshold range. Component 199 may be configured to send a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on the first indicator or determining that the KPI is within at least one of the fault threshold range. Component 199 may reside within one or more processors of one or more of CU 1210, DU 1230, and RU 1240. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. Network entity 1202 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1202 may include components for receiving reports including at least one of a KPI associated with a location-based service or a first indicator indicating that the KPI associated with a location-based service is within a fault threshold range. Network entity 1202 may include components for sending a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on the first indicator or determining that the KPI is within at least one of the fault threshold range. The location-based service may include at least one of the following: (a) beam management service, (b) CSI feedback service, (c) activation of a site-specific location-based service model, (d) beam prediction service, or (e) TRP handover service. The KPI associated with the location-based service may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with a set of location-based service signals, (b) a fourth indicator of beam fault associated with a set of location-based service signals, or (c) a fifth indicator of NACK rate associated with a set of location-based service signals. The second indicator may include an indicator of the positioning model associated with the changed positioning method. Network entity 1202 may include components for transmitting configurations for monitoring KPIs. Reports may be based on the configuration. The configuration may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator for the KPI, (b) a fourth indicator for triggering a KPI measurement, (c) a fifth indicator for timing the report transmission, (d) a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI, or (e) a seventh indicator for the report format associated with the report. Network entity 1202 may include components for transmitting the configuration by transmitting an LPP auxiliary data exchange message including the configuration or by transmitting an LPP broadcast message including the configuration. Network entity 1202 may include components for receiving requests for the configuration. Transmission of the configuration may be in response to a request.Network entity 1202 may include components for receiving the capability of a UE to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Network entity 1202 may include components for configuring a configuration for monitoring KPIs based on the capability. Sending the configuration may be in response to the capability. The capability may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with the KPI set, (b) a fourth indicator of the KPI set, or (c) a fifth indicator of a report format set associated with the KPI set. The location-based service set may include location-based services. The KPI set may include KPIs. The report format set may include report formats for reports. Network entity 1202 may include components for receiving the capability by receiving an LPP capability exchange message including the capability. Network entity 1202 may include components for sending a request for the capability of a UE to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Receiving the capability may be in response to the request. Network entity 1202 may include an LMF. A component may be a component 199 of network entity 1202 configured to perform the functions described therein. As described above, network entity 1202 may include TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and controller / processor 375. Therefore, in one configuration, the components may be TX processor 316, RX processor 370, and / or controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0146] Figure 13 Figure 1300 illustrates an example of a hardware implementation for network entity 1360. In one example, network entity 1360 may be within core network 120. Network entity 1360 may include at least one network processor 1312. Network processor 1312 may include on-chip memory 1312'. In some aspects, network entity 1360 may also include an additional memory module 1314. Network entity 1360 communicates with CU 1302 directly (e.g., via a backhaul link) or indirectly (e.g., via RIC) through network interface 1380. On-chip memory 1312' and additional memory module 1314 may each be considered as computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable media / memory may be non-transitory. Network processor 1312 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor, causes the processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable media / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the processor when executing the software.

[0147] As discussed above, component 199 may be configured to receive a report including at least one of a KPI associated with a location-based service or a first indicator indicating that a KPI associated with a location-based service is within a fault threshold range. Component 199 may be configured to send a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on the first indicator or determining that at least one KPI is within a fault threshold range. Component 199 may be within network processor 1312. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated process / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the stated process / algorithm, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may execute the stated process / algorithm individually or in combination. Network entity 1360 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1360 may include a component for receiving a report including at least one of a KPI associated with a location-based service or a first indicator indicating that a KPI associated with a location-based service is within a fault threshold range. Network entity 1360 may include components for transmitting a second indicator for changing the positioning method based on at least one of a first indicator or determining that the KPI is within a fault threshold range. Location-based services may include at least one of the following: (a) beam management service, (b) CSI feedback service, (c) activation of a site-specific location-based service model, (d) beam prediction service, or (e) TRP handover service. KPIs associated with location-based services may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with a set of location-based service signals, (b) a fourth indicator of beam fault associated with a set of location-based service signals, or (c) a fifth indicator of NACK rate associated with a set of location-based service signals. The second indicator may include an indicator of the positioning model associated with the changed positioning method. Network entity 1360 may include components for transmitting configurations for monitoring KPIs. Reports may be based on the configuration. The configuration may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator for the KPI, (b) a fourth indicator for triggering a KPI measurement, (c) a fifth indicator for timing a report transmission, (d) a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI, or (e) a seventh indicator for the report format associated with the report. Network entity 1360 may include components for transmitting the configuration by sending an LPP assisted data exchange message including the configuration or by sending an LPP broadcast message including the configuration. Network entity 1360 may include components for receiving a request for the configuration. Transmission of the configuration may be in response to a request. Network entity 1360 may include components for receiving the UE's ability to monitor and report sets of KPIs.Network entity 1360 may include components for configuring a configuration for monitoring KPIs based on capabilities. Sending the configuration may be in response to a capability. A capability may include at least one of the following: (a) a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with a set of KPIs, (b) a fourth indicator of a set of KPIs, or (c) a fifth indicator of a set of report formats associated with a set of KPIs. The location-based service set may include location-based services. The KPI set may include KPIs. The report format set may include report formats for reports. Network entity 1360 may include components for receiving capabilities by receiving an LPP capability exchange message including the capability. Network entity 1360 may include components for sending a request for the UE to monitor and report a set of KPIs. Receiving the capability may be in response to the request. Network entity 1360 may include an LMF. A component may be a component 199 of network entity 1360 configured to perform the functions described therein.

[0148] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowcharts is merely an example of the exemplary method. It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowcharts may be rearranged based on design preferences. Furthermore, some boxes may be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of various boxes in a sample order, but are not limited to the given specific order or hierarchy.

[0149] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Unless specifically stated otherwise, references to elements in the singular form do not mean “one and only one” but rather “one or more.” Terms such as “if,” “when,” and “simultaneously” do not imply a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as “when,” do not imply an immediate action in response to the occurrence of an action or during the occurrence of an action, but simply suggest that an action will occur if the condition is met, without requiring a specific or immediate time limit for the occurrence of the action. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other aspects. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiple A, multiple B, or multiple C. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" can be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combination may contain one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be interpreted as a group of elements, where the elements are numbered one or more. Therefore, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to execute a set of functions, that at least one processor is configured to execute that set of functions individually or in any combination. Therefore, each of the at least one processor can be configured to perform a specific subset of the set of functions, wherein the subset is the complete set, a suitable subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. If the first device receives data from or sends data to the second device, data can be received / sent directly between the first and second devices, or indirectly between the first and second devices through a set of devices. A device configured to “output” data (such as transmission, signal, or message) can, for example, transmit the data using a transceiver, or can transmit the data to the device that sent the data.A device configured to "acquire" data (such as, transmit, signal, or message) may, for example, receive the data using a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described herein that are known to those skilled in the art or will later be known are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be offered to the public, whether or not such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words "module," "mechanism," "element," "device," etc., cannot replace the word "component." Therefore, no claim element will be construed as a functional component unless the element is explicitly recited using the phrase "component for..."

[0150] As used in this article, the phrase “based on” should not be interpreted as referring to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” can be information, conditions, factors, etc.) should be interpreted as “based on at least A”, unless specifically stated differently.

[0151] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein without limitation.

[0152] Aspect 1 is a method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a set of location signals; measuring the set of location signals; receiving a set of location-based service signals associated with a location-based service of the UE; transmitting a report including at least one of a key performance indicator (KPI) associated with the location-based service or a first indicator of the KPI associated with the location-based service being within a fault threshold range; receiving a second indicator for changing a location method of the UE based on the report; and calculating the location of the UE using the changed location method based on the measured set of location signals.

[0153] Aspect 2 is the method according to aspect 1, wherein the location-based service includes at least one of the following: beam management service; channel state information (CSI) feedback service; activation of a site-specific location-based service model; beam prediction service; or transmit / receive point (TRP) handover service.

[0154] Aspect 3 is the method according to any one of Aspect 1 or 2, wherein the KPI associated with the location-based service includes at least one of the following: a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with the location-based service signal set; a fourth indicator of beam fault associated with the location-based service signal set; or a fifth indicator of negative acknowledgment (NACK) rate associated with the location-based service signal set.

[0155] Aspect 4 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 3, the method further comprising selecting a positioning model for the modified positioning method based on the second indicator.

[0156] Aspect 5 is a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, the method further comprising: receiving a configuration for monitoring the KPI; and monitoring the KPI based on the configuration.

[0157] Aspect 6 is the method according to aspect 5, wherein the configuration includes at least one of the following: a third indicator for the KPI; a fourth indicator for triggering associated with the measurement of the KPI; a fifth indicator for timing associated with sending the report; a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI; or a seventh indicator for the report format associated with the report.

[0158] Aspect 7 is the method according to aspect 6, the method further comprising measuring the KPI based on the trigger.

[0159] Aspect 8 is a method according to any one of Aspects 5 or 6, wherein receiving the configuration includes at least one of: receiving a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) assisted data exchange message including the configuration; or receiving an LPP broadcast message including the configuration.

[0160] Aspect 9 is the method according to any one of aspects 5 to 8, the method further comprising sending a request for the configuration, wherein the configuration is received in response to the request.

[0161] Aspect 10 is the method according to any one of aspects 5 to 9, the method further comprising: transmitting the capability of the UE to monitor and report a set of KPIs, wherein the configuration is received in response to the capability.

[0162] Aspect 11 is the method according to aspect 10, wherein the capability includes at least one of the following: a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with the KPI set; a fourth indicator of the KPI set; or a fifth indicator of a report format set associated with the KPI set.

[0163] Aspect 12 is a method according to any one of aspects 10 or 11, wherein transmitting the capability comprises: transmitting a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) capability exchange message including the capability.

[0164] Aspect 13 is a method according to any one of aspects 10 to 12, the method further comprising receiving a request for the capability to monitor and report the set of KPIs to the UE, wherein the capability is sent in response to the request.

[0165] Aspect 14 is a method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: receiving a report including at least one of a key performance indicator (KPI) associated with a location-based service or the KPI associated with the location-based service being within a fault threshold range; and transmitting a second indicator for changing a positioning method based on the first indicator or determining that the KPI is within the fault threshold range.

[0166] Aspect 15 is the method according to aspect 14, wherein the location-based service includes at least one of the following: beam management service; channel state information (CSI) feedback service; activation of a site-specific location-based service model; beam prediction service; or transmit / receive point (TRP) handover service.

[0167] Aspect 16 is the method according to any one of Aspects 14 or 15, wherein the KPI associated with the location-based service includes at least one of the following: a third indicator of perceived throughput associated with the location-based service signal set of the location-based service; a fourth indicator of beam fault associated with the location-based service signal set of the location-based service; or a fifth indicator of negative acknowledgment (NACK) rate associated with the location-based service signal set of the location-based service.

[0168] Aspect 17 is the method according to any one of aspects 14 to 16, wherein the second indicator includes an indicator of the positioning model associated with the modified positioning method.

[0169] Aspect 18 is a method according to any one of aspects 14 to 17, the method further comprising: sending a configuration for monitoring the KPI, wherein the report is based on the configuration.

[0170] Aspect 19 is the method according to aspect 18, wherein the configuration includes at least one of the following: a third indicator for the KPI; a fourth indicator for triggering associated with the measurement of the KPI; a fifth indicator for timing associated with sending the report; a sixth indicator for the number of measurements associated with the KPI; or a seventh indicator for the report format associated with the report.

[0171] Aspect 20 is the method according to any one of Aspects 18 or 19, wherein transmitting the configuration includes at least one of the following: transmitting a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) assisted data exchange message including the configuration; or transmitting an LPP broadcast message including the configuration.

[0172] Aspect 21 is the method according to any one of aspects 18 to 20, the method further comprising receiving a request for the configuration, wherein the configuration is sent in response to the request.

[0173] Aspect 22 is a method according to any one of aspects 18 to 21, the method further comprising the ability to receive a set of KPIs monitored and reported by a UE; and configuring the configuration for monitoring the KPIs based on the capability, wherein the configuration is sent in response to the capability.

[0174] Aspect 23 is the method according to aspect 22, wherein the capability includes at least one of the following: a third indicator of a location-based service set associated with the KPI set, wherein the location-based service set includes the location-based services; a fourth indicator of the KPI set, wherein the KPI set includes the KPIs; or a fifth indicator of a report format set associated with the KPI set, wherein the report format set includes the report format of the report.

[0175] Aspect 24 is the method according to any one of Aspects 22 or 23, wherein receiving the capability includes receiving a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) capability exchange message including the capability.

[0176] Aspect 25 is the method according to aspect 23, the method further comprising sending a request for the capability to monitor and report the set of KPIs to the UE, wherein the capability is received in response to the request.

[0177] Aspect 26 is the method according to any one of aspects 14 to 25, wherein the network entity includes a location management function (LMF).

[0178] Aspect 27 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured individually or in any combination to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 26.

[0179] Aspect 28 is an apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising components for performing each step of the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 26.

[0180] Aspect 29 is an apparatus according to any one of aspects 1 to 26, the apparatus further comprising a transceiver configured to receive or transmit in association with the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 26.

[0181] Aspect 30 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer-executable code that, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 26.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, and configured individually or in any combination, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, to: Receive location signal set; Measure the set of positioning signals; Receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of the UE; Send a report including at least one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with the location-based service or a first indicator of the KPIs associated with the location-based service within a fault threshold range; Based on the report, a second indicator for changing the positioning method of the UE is received; as well as The location of the UE is calculated using a modified positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the location-based service comprises at least one of the following: Beam management services; Channel State Information (CSI) feedback service; Activation of a site-specific location-based service model; Beam prediction service; or Transmitter-Receiver Point (TRP) handover service.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the KPI associated with the location-based service includes at least one of the following: A third indicator of perceived throughput associated with the location-based service signal set; A fourth indicator of beam faults associated with the location-based service signal set; or The fifth indicator of the negative acknowledgment (NACK) rate associated with the location-based service signal set.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The positioning model is selected for the modified positioning method based on the second indicator.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, individually or in any combination, to: Receive configuration for monitoring the KPIs; and The KPIs are monitored based on the configuration.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the configuration comprises at least one of the following: The third indicator of the KPI; A fourth indicator that is triggered in association with the measurement of the KPI; A fifth indicator of the timing associated with sending the report; A sixth indicator of the number of measurements associated with the KPI; or The seventh indicator of the report format associated with the report.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The KPI is measured in response to the trigger.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein receiving the configuration comprises at least one of the following: Receive a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) assisted data exchange message including the configuration described above; or Receive LPP broadcast messages including the configuration.

9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Send a request for the configuration, wherein the configuration is received in response to the request.

10. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: The ability to send the UE monitoring and reporting KPI set, wherein receiving the configuration responds to sending the ability.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the capability includes at least one of the following: A third indicator of the location-based service set associated with the KPI set; The fourth indicator of the KPI set; or The fifth indicator of the set of report formats associated with the set of KPIs.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, in order to transmit the capability, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Send a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) capability exchange message that includes the aforementioned capabilities.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Receive a request for the capability to monitor and report the set of KPIs to the UE, wherein the capability is sent in response to the request.

14. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network entity, the apparatus comprising: At least one memory; and At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory, and configured individually or in any combination, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, to: Receive a report including at least one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with the location-based service or a first indicator of the KPIs associated with the location-based service within a fault threshold range; as well as A second indicator for changing the location method is sent based on either the first indicator or determining that the KPI is within the fault threshold range.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the location-based service comprises at least one of the following: Beam management services; Channel State Information (CSI) feedback service; Activation of a site-specific location-based service model; Beam prediction service; or Transmitter-Receiver Point (TRP) handover service.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the KPI associated with the location-based service includes at least one of the following: A third indicator of perceived throughput associated with the set of location-based service signals of the location-based service; A fourth indicator of beam faults associated with the location-based service signal set of the location-based service; or A fifth indicator of the negative acknowledgment (NACK) rate associated with the location-based service signal set of the location-based service.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the second indicator comprises an indicator of a positioning model associated with the modified positioning method.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Send a configuration for monitoring the KPI, wherein the report is based on the configuration.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the configuration comprises at least one of the following: The third indicator of the KPI; A fourth indicator that is triggered in association with the measurement of the KPI; A fifth indicator of the timing associated with sending the report; A sixth indicator of the number of measurements associated with the KPI; or The seventh indicator of the report format associated with the report.

20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein, in order to transmit the configuration, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Send a Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) assisted data exchange message including the configuration described above; or Send an LPP broadcast message that includes the configuration.

21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Receive a request for the configuration, wherein the configuration is sent in response to the request.

22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, individually or in any combination, to: The ability to receive UE monitoring and report KPI sets; and The configuration for monitoring the KPI is configured based on the capability, wherein the configuration is sent in response to the capability.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the capability includes at least one of the following: A third indicator of a location-based service set associated with the KPI set, wherein the location-based service set includes the location-based services; The fourth indicator of the KPI set, wherein the KPI set includes the KPIs; or A fifth indicator of the set of report formats associated with the set of KPIs, wherein the set of report formats includes the report formats of the reports.

24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein, in order to receive the capability, the at least one processor is configured individually or in any combination to: Receive Long Term Evolution (LTE) Positioning Protocol (LPP) capability exchange messages that include the aforementioned capabilities.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the at least one processor is further configured, alone or in any combination, to: Send a request to the UE to monitor and report the set of KPIs, wherein the capability is received in response to the request.

26. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the network entity includes a location management function (LMF).

27. A method for conducting wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Receive location signal set; Measure the set of positioning signals; Receive a set of location-based service signals associated with the location-based service of the UE; Send a report including at least one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with the location-based service or a first indicator of the KPIs associated with the location-based service within a fault threshold range; Based on the report, a second indicator for changing the positioning method of the UE is received; as well as The location of the UE is calculated using a modified positioning method based on the measured set of positioning signals.

28. The method of claim 27, further comprising: The ability to send the UE monitoring and reporting KPI set; In response to sending the aforementioned capability, receive configuration for monitoring the KPI; as well as The KPIs are monitored based on the configuration.

29. A method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: Receive a report including at least one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with the location-based service or a first indicator of the KPIs associated with the location-based service within a fault threshold range; as well as A second indicator for changing the location method is sent based on either the first indicator or determining that the KPI is within the fault threshold range.

30. The method according to claim 29, further comprising: The ability to receive UE monitoring and report KPI sets; Configure the settings for monitoring the KPIs based on the aforementioned capabilities; as well as Send a configuration for monitoring the KPI, wherein the report is based on the configuration.

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