Uniform irrigation device and system for large rice plot

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to a large rice plot uniform irrigation device and system.The device comprises a water source engineering assembly, a water delivery and distribution pipe network, a field irrigation and drainage engineering assembly, an intelligent controller, fertilizer and water integrated equipment and a drainage system. The system comprises the following modules: a field steeping and soil preparation module, a staging irrigation module, a synchronous fertilization module and a drainage management module. Through the integrated pipeline water delivery, intelligent valve, laser leveling and automatic control technologies, rapid and uniform irrigation of large-field rice is achieved, the irrigation efficiency and the water and fertilizer utilization rate are remarkably improved, labor input is reduced, the requirement for large-scale mechanical production of high-standard farmland is met, and high and stable yield of rice is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation technology, specifically to a device and system for uniform irrigation of large rice paddies. Background Technology

[0002] After irrigation, large rice paddies often suffer from uneven micro-topography and significant surface elevation differences. Traditional perimeter ditch irrigation methods result in slow water flow and uneven water distribution within the paddy, hindering normal rice growth. Furthermore, large-scale irrigation requires large volumes of water, takes long periods, and is inefficient, failing to meet the precise water needs of rice at each growth stage and thus limiting yield and water use efficiency.

[0003] In existing technologies, rice irrigation mainly employs open channel irrigation, flood irrigation, or furrow irrigation. Among these, open channel irrigation is known for its low cost and ease of construction and maintenance. Its materials are simple (mostly soil or brick and stone structures) and highly adaptable, allowing for flexible allocation of water resources based on natural terrain while also serving as an ecological corridor. Flood irrigation, through natural infiltration, can achieve soil moisture retention and fertility enhancement, and is highly adaptable to flat or slightly sloping fields. Furrow irrigation, on the other hand, can reduce ineffective evaporation through targeted water supply, precisely controlling moisture in the root zone while preserving dry areas on the field surface, facilitating mechanized operations. Combined with a drainage system, it can quickly drain water and prevent flooding.

[0004] While the aforementioned technologies can achieve irrigation of fields to a certain extent, their technical characteristics and operational limitations result in problems such as significant water loss, poor irrigation uniformity, and extensive management. Although some pipeline irrigation systems are currently in use, they are mostly designed for small fields and lack systematic solutions for large areas and fields with uneven topography. This makes it difficult to effectively achieve rapid and uniform irrigation and integrated fertigation management. Therefore, it is necessary to design a uniform irrigation device and system for large rice paddies that is suitable for large fields and can achieve water-saving and yield-increasing effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a uniform irrigation device and system for large rice paddies. Through pipeline water delivery, intelligent valve control, laser leveling, and automatic monitoring technologies, it achieves rapid and uniform irrigation and precise water and fertilizer management for large rice paddies, thereby improving irrigation efficiency and achieving water-saving and yield-increasing effects. This makes it suitable for large-scale mechanized production in high-standard farmland.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a uniform irrigation device for large rice fields, comprising water source engineering components, water transmission and distribution pipeline network, field irrigation and drainage engineering components, intelligent controller and fertigation equipment.

[0007] The water source engineering components include a pump house, in which water pumps are installed. An intelligent controller is used to control the start and stop of the water pumps. The input end of the water pump is connected to an external water source, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the input end of the water distribution network.

[0008] The field irrigation and drainage engineering components include the field surface, which has several drainage ditches. The water supply and distribution network is buried in the soil of the field surface at a depth of 30-50cm. The water supply and distribution network is connected in a dot matrix pattern with integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves.

[0009] A water level sensor is installed in the field, and the intelligent controller is used to receive the water level signal sent by the water level sensor in real time, and control the opening and closing of the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve according to the water level signal.

[0010] The fertigation equipment includes a diaphragm pump and a fertilizer tank. Both the diaphragm pump and the fertilizer tank are installed in the pump room. The input end of the diaphragm pump is connected to the fertilizer tank, and the output end of the diaphragm pump is connected to the input end of the water distribution network.

[0011] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows: Staff set up the pump house at the external water source and buried the water distribution network 30-50cm deep in the field. The water pump was started by a smart controller to transport water from the external water source to the water distribution network, which then irrigated the field crops through the integrated irrigation and drainage smart valve.

[0012] Staff set maximum and minimum water level thresholds, and water level sensors monitor water level changes in real time, sending the water level signals to the intelligent controller. When the water level signal is higher than the maximum water level threshold, the intelligent controller controls the integrated irrigation and drainage valve to close, discharging excess water; when the water level signal is lower than the minimum water level threshold, the intelligent controller controls the integrated irrigation and drainage valve to open, irrigating the field crops.

[0013] During this process, staff will also inject fertilizer solution into fertilizer tanks. When the water pump is running, it will simultaneously deliver the fertilizer solution to the field to fertilize the crops.

[0014] The above approach has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves rapid and uniform irrigation and precise water and fertilizer management for paddy fields through pipeline water delivery, intelligent valve control, laser leveling and automatic monitoring technologies, thereby improving irrigation efficiency and achieving water-saving and yield-increasing effects, making it applicable to large-scale mechanized production in high-standard farmland.

[0015] 2. This invention connects integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves in a dot matrix pattern to the water supply and distribution network, enabling precise zoning of the field. This reduces the problem of insufficient or excessive irrigation in some areas that may occur when large-area simultaneous irrigation is carried out in traditional irrigation methods, thereby ensuring the uniformity of irrigation for the entire paddy field.

[0016] 3. This invention buries the water distribution network in the field surface layer and controls its burial depth to 30-50cm, so that the water distribution network can adapt to different terrain and soil conditions, ensuring the uniform distribution of irrigation water, and reducing the problem of uneven irrigation caused by terrain and soil factors.

[0017] Furthermore, the water pump is selected from either an axial flow pump or a mixed flow pump.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Both axial flow pumps and mixed flow pumps have the characteristics of large flow rate and low head, which can deliver a large amount of water to the field in a short time, thereby quickly meeting the field's water demand and reducing the possibility of crop water shortage due to irrigation delays. At the same time, their low head design also reduces the energy consumption and operating resistance of axial flow pumps and mixed flow pumps, allowing water to be delivered to the field more efficiently, thus completing irrigation operations in a shorter time and increasing the irrigated area per unit time.

[0019] Furthermore, the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves are located at the edge of the water transmission and distribution network and at the node of the water transmission and distribution network, and the distance between adjacent integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves is 50-100 meters.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The design of 50-100 meters between adjacent integrated irrigation and drainage smart valves not only reduces the cost increase and system complexity caused by excessive valve density, but also allows adjacent valves to respond quickly when the water demand in a local area changes, reducing irrigation delays.

[0021] Furthermore, the field surface is leveled using a laser leveling machine, resulting in a height difference of less than 3-5 centimeters.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Traditional fields often suffer from uneven irrigation water distribution due to undulating terrain, resulting in water accumulation in low-lying areas and water shortage in higher areas. Therefore, by using a laser leveler to control the height difference of the leveled field surface within 3-5 cm, it is possible to ensure that irrigation water evenly covers the entire field surface and reduce irrigation blind spots caused by terrain differences.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a drainage system, which includes a forced drainage pump, natural drainage outlets on the water supply and distribution network, and the input end of the forced drainage pump is connected to the water supply and distribution network.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Natural drainage outlets in the water supply and distribution network can utilize the terrain slope to achieve gravity drainage. During rainfall or excessive irrigation, accumulated water can flow into drainage ditches through natural drainage outlets, thus achieving basic drainage capacity. When natural drainage outlets are obstructed due to heavy rain, network blockage, or low-lying terrain, forced-pump pumps can pump water from the water supply and distribution network, thereby quickly lowering the field water level and forming a dual drainage mechanism with the natural drainage outlets.

[0025] Furthermore, the water supply and distribution network is made of either PVC or PE.

[0026] Beneficial effects: PVC and PE materials have excellent resistance to chemicals such as acids, alkalis, and salts. They can be exposed to soil, fertilizers, and irrigation water for a long time without being corroded. In addition, the inner wall roughness of PVC and PE pipes is low, and the water flow resistance is small, which results in a lower energy loss rate of water pumps.

[0027] Furthermore, the water supply and distribution network consists of several water supply pipes, each equipped with a water supply valve.

[0028] Beneficial effects: By installing water taps in each water pipe, the pipe network can be divided into multiple independent water supply units, thereby achieving targeted water supply to the target plots and improving the utilization rate of irrigation water.

[0029] Furthermore, a uniform irrigation system for large rice paddies includes the following modules: The paddy field preparation module is used to perform zoned irrigation operations on the field surface to saturate the soil and maintain a consistent water depth.

[0030] The phased irrigation module is used to implement different irrigation strategies for rice crops at different growth stages.

[0031] The synchronous fertilization module is used to apply fertilizer to rice crops simultaneously during irrigation.

[0032] The drainage management module is used to drain water from the paddy field through the drainage system of the uniform irrigation device for large paddy fields when it is necessary to drain water from the field.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The paddy field preparation module enables precise control of water depth and dynamic optimization of soil saturation. Combined with the phased irrigation module, it allows for differentiated management of rice growth stages. Simultaneously, the synchronous fertilization module provides precise water and fertilizer supply. Finally, the drainage management module uses powerful pumps to quickly respond to extreme weather conditions, achieving the goals of water conservation, increased yield, and fertilizer conservation. It also reduces labor costs and enhances the system's resistance to drought and flood risks.

[0034] Furthermore, the irrigation strategies for rice crops at different growth stages are as follows: When rice crops are in the greening stage, maintain the water level between 1-3 cm.

[0035] When rice crops are in the tillering stage, an intermittent irrigation pattern is adopted. Irrigation begins when the water level drops below 2 cm and stops when the water level reaches 5 cm.

[0036] When rice is in the heading and booting stage, maintain the water level between 5-10 cm.

[0037] When rice crops are in the grain-filling and ripening stage, an alternating wet and dry irrigation pattern should be adopted, with irrigation operations performed every 3-5 days.

[0038] Beneficial effects: By implementing precise water management for rice crops at different growth stages, water conservation can be achieved throughout the entire growth period of rice crops. At the same time, due to the adoption of targeted irrigation strategies for different growth stages, the tillering and panicle formation rate and thousand-grain weight of rice crops are increased, while the lodging rate is reduced, thereby increasing the yield per acre of rice crops.

[0039] Furthermore, when the rice crop is in the grain-filling and ripening stage, a maximum irrigation threshold is set for the rice crop. When the water level rises above the maximum irrigation threshold, the system triggers the drainage mechanism and resets the execution cycle of the irrigation operation.

[0040] Beneficial effects: By setting the maximum irrigation threshold during the grouting and maturation period, the system can automatically trigger the drainage mechanism and reset the irrigation cycle when the water level exceeds the limit, achieving precise control of on-demand drainage and alternating wet and dry conditions, reducing nutrient loss and root hypoxia caused by over-irrigation.

[0041] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water supply and distribution network in an embodiment of the uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the uniform irrigation system for large rice paddies of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of different irrigation strategies in an embodiment of the uniform irrigation system for large rice paddies of the present invention.

[0043] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Water supply and distribution network; 2. Water supply hydrant; 3. Pump house; 4. Water pump; 5. Integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve; 6. Diaphragm pump; 7. Fertilizer tank; 8. Natural drainage outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1: As attached Figure 1 The diagram shows a uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies, comprising a water source engineering component, a water distribution network 1, field irrigation and drainage engineering components, an intelligent controller, and an integrated fertigation system. The water distribution network 1 is made of either PVC or PE; in this embodiment, PE is used. The water distribution network 1 consists of several water pipes, each equipped with a water supply valve 2. In this embodiment, adjacent water supply valves 2 are spaced 50-100 meters apart.

[0048] The water source engineering components include a pump house 3, in which a water pump 4 is installed. An intelligent controller is used to control the start and stop of the water pump 4. The input end of the water pump 4 is connected to an external water source, and the output end of the water pump 4 is connected to the input end of the water distribution network 1. The water pump 4 is selected from either an axial flow pump or a mixed flow pump; in this invention, an axial flow pump (flow rate range 400-600 m³ / h) is selected. 3 / h).

[0049] Specifically, after constructing pump house 3, the staff installed water pump 4 inside pump house 3, connecting its inlet to the external water source and its outlet to the inlet of the water distribution pipe. At this time, the staff set the flow rate of water pump 4 to 400 m³ / h using the intelligent controller. 3 / h, to meet the irrigation needs of 200 mu of land in one irrigation session (150m³ per mu). 3 By controlling the start of water pump 4, water from an external water source can be transported to the water distribution pipe.

[0050] The field irrigation and drainage system includes the field surface, which is leveled using a laser grader, with a height difference of less than 5 cm after leveling. Several drainage ditches are dug on the field surface. The water supply and distribution network 1 is buried in the soil at a depth of 30-50 cm (to reduce the possibility of damage to the network from surface machinery operations and to minimize the impact of temperature fluctuations). The water supply and distribution network 1 is connected in a matrix pattern with integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves 5, located at the edges and nodes of the network. Adjacent integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves 5 are spaced 100 meters apart (each valve controls an area of ​​approximately 5-8 mu). Figure 2 As shown.

[0051] Specifically, when water is transported to the water distribution network 1, since the water distribution network 1 is connected to several integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves 5 and the water distribution network 1 is buried in the field stratum, the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves 5 can release the water into the field stratum.

[0052] During this process, since the field is leveled by a laser leveler, the height difference of the field surface is within 5cm. Therefore, the possibility of irrigation blind spots caused by terrain differences is reduced, and irrigation water can be evenly covered across the entire field surface.

[0053] Meanwhile, because the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve 5 is installed in a dot matrix pattern and the water distribution pipe is buried at a depth of 30-50cm in the stratum, the influence of environmental factors on the water distribution network 1 is reduced, enabling it to adapt to different terrains and soil conditions and ensuring the uniform distribution of irrigation water.

[0054] A water level sensor (not shown in the figure) is installed in the field. The intelligent controller is used to receive the water level signal sent by the water level sensor in real time and control the opening and closing of the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve 5 according to the water level signal.

[0055] Specifically, staff set the maximum and minimum water level thresholds using the intelligent controller. When the water level signal detected by the water level sensor is higher than the maximum water level threshold, the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve 5 is closed. When the water level signal detected by the water level sensor is lower than the minimum water level threshold, the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve 5 is opened to supply water to the field.

[0056] The fertigation equipment includes a diaphragm pump 6 (flow range of 50-100L / min) and a fertilizer tank 7. Both the diaphragm pump 6 and the fertilizer tank 7 are installed in the pump house 3. The input end of the diaphragm pump 6 is connected to the fertilizer tank 7, and the output end of the diaphragm pump 6 is connected to the input end of the water distribution network 1.

[0057] Specifically, since the water supply pipe is connected to the fertilizer tank 7 via the diaphragm pump 6, when fertilization is required for crops in the field, the staff can add fertilizer solution to the fertilizer tank 7 according to the predetermined ratio, and then control the diaphragm pump 6 to start through the intelligent controller so that the fertilizer solution in the fertilizer tank 7 can be delivered to the field simultaneously.

[0058] It also includes a drainage system, which includes a forced-flow pump (not shown in the diagram, with a flow rate range of 200-300 m³ / h). 3 / h), the water supply and distribution network 1 has a natural drainage outlet 8 (15-20cm in diameter), and the input end of the forced drainage pump is connected to the water supply and distribution network 1.

[0059] Specifically, when waterlogging occurs in the field, the natural drainage outlet 8 is located on the water supply and distribution pipe, so the water can be discharged through the natural drainage outlet 8. Furthermore, when the water accumulation is excessive (depth exceeding 15cm), the intelligent controller can also control the start of the forced drainage pump to achieve auxiliary drainage operations.

[0060] This invention integrates pipeline water delivery, intelligent valves, laser leveling, and automatic control technologies to achieve rapid and uniform irrigation of rice paddies in large fields. It significantly improves irrigation efficiency and water and fertilizer utilization, reduces labor input, meets the needs of large-scale mechanized production in high-standard farmland, and is conducive to high and stable rice yields.

[0061] Example 2: As attached Figure 3 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that a uniform irrigation system for large rice fields includes a paddy field preparation module for irrigating the field surface, a phased irrigation module for adopting different irrigation strategies according to different growth stages of rice crops, a synchronous fertilization module for synchronous fertilization of rice crops, and a drainage management module for draining excess water from the field.

[0062] The following is a detailed analysis of each module: The paddy field preparation module is used to perform zoned irrigation operations on the field surface to saturate the soil and maintain a consistent water depth.

[0063] The phased irrigation module is used to implement different irrigation strategies for rice crops at different growth stages.

[0064] The synchronous fertilization module is used to apply fertilizer to rice crops simultaneously during irrigation.

[0065] The drainage management module is used to drain water from the paddy field through the drainage system of the uniform irrigation device for large paddy fields when it is necessary to drain water from the field.

[0066] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the irrigation strategies for rice crops at different growth stages are as follows: When rice crops are in the greening stage, maintain the water level between 1-3 cm.

[0067] When rice crops are in the tillering stage, an intermittent irrigation pattern is adopted. Irrigation begins when the water level drops below 2 cm and stops when the water level reaches 5 cm.

[0068] When rice is in the heading and booting stage, maintain the water level between 5-10 cm.

[0069] When the rice crop is in the grain-filling and ripening stage, an alternating wet and dry irrigation pattern is adopted, with irrigation operations performed every 3-5 days. At the same time, a maximum irrigation threshold is set for the rice crop. When the water level rises above the maximum irrigation threshold, the system triggers the drainage mechanism and resets the execution cycle of the irrigation operation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the above-described system was used as the experimental group, and the existing sprinkler irrigation system was used as the control group for comparative experiment. The experimental area was 200 mu of farmland, and the following experimental table was obtained: Table 1 Experimental Data Table

[0071] As shown in Table 1, the experimental group had shorter irrigation time, lower water level uniformity, and lower water consumption per irrigation compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group produced higher rice yields than the control group. Specifically, compared to the traditional sprinkler irrigation system, the irrigation time was reduced by 40%, water level uniformity was improved by 35%, water consumption per irrigation was reduced by 25%, and rice yield increased by 8%. This demonstrates that the system in this embodiment is superior to existing sprinkler irrigation systems in terms of energy saving, yield increase, and efficiency improvement.

[0072] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for uniform irrigation of large rice paddies, characterized in that, Includes water source engineering components, water transmission and distribution pipeline network (1), field irrigation and drainage engineering components, intelligent controllers and fertigation equipment; The water source engineering components include a pump house (3), a water pump (4) installed in the pump house (3), an intelligent controller for controlling the start and stop of the water pump (4), the input end of the water pump (4) is connected to the external water source, and the output end of the water pump (4) is connected to the input end of the water supply and distribution network (1). The field irrigation and drainage engineering components include the field surface, which has several drainage ditches. The water supply and distribution network (1) is buried in the stratum of the field surface at a depth of 30-50cm. The water supply and distribution network (1) is connected in a matrix pattern with integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves (5). A water level sensor is installed in the field. The intelligent controller is used to receive the water level signal sent by the water level sensor in real time and control the opening and closing of the integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valve (5) according to the water level signal. The fertigation equipment includes a diaphragm pump (6) and a fertilizer tank (7). Both the diaphragm pump (6) and the fertilizer tank (7) are installed in the pump house (3). The input end of the diaphragm pump (6) is connected to the fertilizer tank (7), and the output end of the diaphragm pump (6) is connected to the input end of the water supply and distribution network (1).

2. The uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pump (4) shall be either an axial flow pump or a mixed flow pump.

3. The uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies according to claim 2, characterized in that, The integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves (5) are located at the edge of the water supply and distribution network (1) and at the node of the water supply and distribution network (1), and the adjacent integrated irrigation and drainage intelligent valves (5) are 50-100 meters apart.

4. The uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies according to claim 3, characterized in that, The field surface is leveled using a laser leveling machine, and the height difference of the leveled field surface is within 3-5 centimeters.

5. The uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a drainage system, which includes a forced drainage pump. The water distribution network (1) has a natural drainage outlet (8), and the input end of the forced drainage pump is connected to the water distribution network (1).

6. The uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water supply and distribution network (1) is made of either PVC or PE.

7. The uniform irrigation device for large rice paddies according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water supply and distribution network (1) consists of several water supply pipes, each of which is equipped with a water supply valve (2).

8. A uniform irrigation system for large rice paddies, applicable to any one of the uniform irrigation devices for large rice paddies according to claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The paddy field preparation module is used to perform zoned irrigation operations on the field surface to saturate the soil and maintain a consistent water depth on the field surface. The phased irrigation module is used to implement different irrigation strategies for rice crops at different growth stages; The synchronous fertilization module is used to apply fertilizer to rice crops simultaneously with irrigation. The drainage management module is used to drain water from the paddy field through the drainage system of the uniform irrigation device for large paddy fields when it is necessary to drain water from the field.

9. The uniform irrigation system for large rice paddies according to claim 8, characterized in that, The irrigation strategies for rice crops at different growth stages are as follows: When rice crops are in the greening stage, maintain the water level between 1-3 cm. When rice crops are in the tillering stage, an intermittent irrigation pattern is adopted. Irrigation begins when the water level drops below 2cm and stops when the water level reaches 5cm. When rice is in the heading and booting stage, maintain the water level between 5-10 cm. When rice crops are in the grain-filling and ripening stage, an alternating wet and dry irrigation pattern should be adopted, with irrigation operations performed every 3-5 days.

10. The uniform irrigation system for large rice paddies according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the rice crop is in the grain-filling and ripening stage, a maximum irrigation threshold is set for the rice crop. When the water level rises above the maximum irrigation threshold, the system triggers the drainage mechanism and resets the execution cycle of the irrigation operation.

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