Flexible centering, positioning and clamping tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible centering, positioning and clamping tool. The flexible centering, positioning and clamping tool comprises a bottom plate, three or more sliding plates, three or more angle iron supporting plates and three or more centering calipers. More than four Y-direction T grooves are formed in the bottom plate, and more than two X-direction T grooves are formed in the sliding plate; the sliding plates can slide and can be locked and fixed to the bottom plate, and the three or more sliding plates are distributed on the two sides of the left center line and the right center line of the bottom plate correspondingly. The angle iron supporting plate can slide and can be locked and fixed on the sliding plate; a base of the rotating angle iron can be rotated by 360 degrees on the angle iron supporting plate to be adjusted and locked and fixed; the centering calipers comprise two movable jaws, clamping jaws arranged on the two movable jaws and floating supporting nails fixed to the clamping jaws in a position-adjustable mode. The centering calipers are vertically fixed on the vertical plate of the rotating angle iron in a height-adjustable mode, and the two floating supporting nails are vertically opposite to each other. After a workpiece is clamped and positioned through the clamping device, the center face of the workpiece is naturally in a horizontal posture, the application range is wide, universality is high, operation is easy, and production efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of flexible adaptive centering process equipment technology, and relates to a flexible adaptive centering fixture. Background Technology

[0002] A missile wing is a part that is symmetrical about its center plane. During inspection, the workpiece's center plane must be kept horizontal. Because the workpiece has a large outer surface and is often inclined, existing fixtures typically incorporate a process boss 22. This process boss 22 is used to position and clamp the workpiece, and is removed after machining and inspection. Figure 1 As shown, it has the following disadvantages: 1. The workpiece center surface is kept horizontal by using the workpiece process boss 22 to position it. The different thicknesses of the process steps of different models of the missile wing 21 workpiece result in different center surface heights of the inspection fixture after positioning, which requires adjustment of the inspection height, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and results in poor inspection accuracy. 2. The existing inspection fixture has poor compatibility. The support position must be at the process step, which is very inconvenient to adjust. Therefore, each model of missile wing 21 requires a different fixture, resulting in low production efficiency, high manufacturing costs, and waste of fixture materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and provide a flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture. When using this clamping fixture to clamp the workpiece, there is no need to make process bosses on the workpiece. After clamping and positioning, the center surface of the workpiece is naturally in a horizontal position. Moreover, the center surface height is consistent after clamping and positioning different models of workpieces. It has a wide range of applications, strong versatility, simple and convenient operation, high production efficiency, saves materials for the manufacture of other fixtures, and has low overall product manufacturing cost.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture, comprising a base plate, three or more sliding plates, three or more angle iron support plates, and three or more centering clamps; the base plate is provided with four or more Y-direction T-slots, and the sliding plates are provided with two or more X-direction T-slots; the sliding plates can slide along two Y-direction T-slots and can be locked and fixed to the base plate, and the three or more sliding plates are respectively distributed on both sides of the left and right center lines of the base plate; the angle iron support plates can slide along two X-direction T-slots and can be locked and fixed to the sliding plates; the base of the rotating angle iron can rotate 360° on the angle iron support plate for adjustment and locking; the centering clamps include two moving jaws, jaws provided on the two moving jaws, and floating support pins fixed to the jaws in adjustable positions; the centering clamps are vertically and adjustablely fixed to the upright plate of the rotating angle iron, and the two floating support pins are vertically opposite each other; the center positions of the two floating support pins of the three or more centering clamps are consistent.

[0005] Further preferably, bolt through holes are formed on the four corners of the sliding plate, and T-shaped bolts embedded in the Y-direction T-shaped grooves of the base plate pass through the bolt through holes on the sliding plate and are locked and fixed by T-shaped nuts. This structure is convenient and simple to loosen and lock, and the parts are not easy to lose.

[0006] Further preferably, four bolt through holes are distributed on the four corners of the angle iron supporting plate, and T-shaped bolts embedded in the X-direction T-shaped grooves of the sliding plate pass through the bolt through holes of the angle iron supporting plate and are locked and fixed by T-shaped nuts.

[0007] Further preferably, a central positioning hole is further formed on the angle iron supporting plate, a plurality of threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the same circumference around the central positioning hole, a positioning shaft matched with the central positioning hole of the angle iron supporting plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the base of the rotating angle iron, and two circular arc long circular grooves are further arranged on the base at positions corresponding to the threaded holes of the angle iron supporting plate. The positioning shaft on the rotating angle iron is inserted into the central positioning hole of the angle iron supporting plate and is locked and fixed by bolts and nuts inserted into the circular arc long circular grooves and the threaded holes of the angle iron supporting plate.

[0008] Further preferably, a rib plate is further arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate of the rotating angle iron, and the vertical plate and the rib plate are positioned and fixed on the base by a plurality of positioning pins.

[0009] Further preferably, horizontal key grooves and vertical key grooves are arranged on the end surface of the vertical plate of the rotating angle iron, the base of the centering caliper is positioned by a flat key arranged in the horizontal key groove and the vertical key groove of the vertical plate, and is fixed by a plurality of caliper fastening clamps corresponding in distribution; the caliper fastening clamps are U-shaped, one end is clamped on the base boss of the centering caliper, the other end is clamped on the rear end wall of the vertical plate, and is locked and fixed by screws fixed on the side surface and the rear end surface of the vertical plate.

[0010] Further preferably, the application further comprises a pushing mechanism of the sliding plate, the pushing mechanism comprises a fixed block fixed on or integrally formed on the side wall of the base plate, a push rod arranged in parallel with the Y-direction T-shaped groove, and a T-shaped groove arranged on the side wall of the sliding plate; one end of the push rod is provided with a thread, and the other end is provided with a T-shaped rod; one end of the T-shaped rod is arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the other end is screwed into the threaded hole of the fixed block, and the threaded end of the push rod is fixed with a handle or connected with an electric mechanism. By screwing the push rod, the sliding plate can be pulled or pushed to slide along the Y-direction T-shaped groove of the base plate.

[0011] Further preferably, the floating support nail is a precise self-adaptive support nail, the swing angle is greater than 10°, and the swing end surface distance from the contact installation surface tolerance is less than 0.02.

[0012] The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: when in use, several centering clamps are arranged on the sliding plate according to the shape and size of the workpiece. Then the centering clamps are fixed to the bottom plate through the rotating angle iron and the angle iron supporting plate. The position, angle and the distance between the two floating supporting nails of the centering clamps are adjusted according to the angle and thickness of the workpiece. The floating supporting nails are self-adapting to the inclined angle of the workpiece. The centering accuracy of the centering clamps is high. The clamping points are located at the center of the clamps in the clamping condition. Therefore, no matter how the distance between the centering clamps is adjusted, the distance between the two floating supporting nails is unchanged. Therefore, when the workpiece is clamped by the clamping tool of the present application, it is not necessary to make a process boss on the workpiece. After clamping and positioning, the center surface of the workpiece is naturally in a horizontal posture. After clamping and positioning, the center surface of different types of workpieces has the same height. The present application has a wide range of applications, strong versatility, simple and convenient operation, high production efficiency, saves the materials for making other tools, and has low overall manufacturing cost of products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the prior positioning and clamping tool; Figure 2 is a front view of the present application; Figure 3 is a left view of the present application; Figure 4 is a top view of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present application; Figure 6 is a front view of the rotating angle iron in the present application; Figure 7 is a left view of the rotating angle iron in the present application; Figure 8 is a bottom view of the rotating angle iron in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] As Figures 2 to 8As shown, the embodiment includes a base plate 1, four sliding plates 2, four angle iron supporting plates 5 and four centering clamps 9. The base plate 1 is provided with eight Y-direction T-slots 14, and the sliding plates 2 are provided with three X-direction T-slots 15. The sliding plates 2 can slide along the two Y-direction T-slots 14 and be locked and fixed on the base plate 1, and the four sliding plates 2 are respectively distributed on both sides of the center line of the base plate 1. In the embodiment, the four corners of the sliding plates 2 are provided with bolt through holes, and the T-bolts 7 embedded in the Y-direction T-slots 14 of the base plate 1 pass through the bolt through holes of the sliding plates 2 and are locked and fixed by T-nuts 8. The angle iron supporting plates 5 can slide along the two X-direction T-slots 15 and be locked and fixed on the sliding plates 2. In the embodiment, the four corners of the angle iron supporting plates 5 are provided with four bolt through holes, and the T-bolts 7 embedded in the X-direction T-slots 15 of the sliding plates 2 pass through the bolt through holes of the angle iron supporting plates 5 and are locked and fixed by T-nuts 8. The base 61 of the rotating angle iron 6 can be rotated on the angle iron supporting plate 5 by 360° for adjustment and locking. In the embodiment, the angle iron supporting plate 5 is further provided with a center positioning hole, and a plurality of threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the same circumference around the center positioning hole; the bottom surface of the base 61 of the rotating angle iron 6 is provided with a positioning shaft 68 matched with the center positioning hole of the angle iron supporting plate 5, and the base 61 is further provided with two circular arc long circular grooves 67 at positions corresponding to the threaded holes of the angle iron supporting plate 5; the positioning shaft 67 on the rotating angle iron 6 is inserted into the center positioning hole of the angle iron supporting plate 5 and is locked and fixed by the bolts 7 and nuts 8 inserted into the circular arc long circular grooves 67 and the threaded holes of the angle iron supporting plate 5. The centering clamp 9 includes two movable jaws, a clamping jaw 10 provided on the two movable jaws, and a floating support pin 12 fixed on the clamping jaw 10 in a position-adjustable manner by adjusting shims 11. The adjusting shims 11 help to adjust the center positions of all the centering clamps 9 to be consistent. In the embodiment, the floating support pin 12 is a precision self-adapting support pin, which can swing by an angle greater than 10°, and the distance between the swinging end surface and the contact installation surface has a tolerance less than 0.02. The centering clamp 9 is vertically and height-adjustably fixed on the vertical plate of the rotating angle iron 6, and the two floating support pins 12 are opposite to each other. The center positions of the two floating support pins 12 of the four centering clamps 9 are consistent. In the embodiment, the vertical plate 62 of the rotating angle iron 6 is further provided with a rib plate 63, and the vertical plate 62 and the rib plate 63 are positioned and fixed on the base 61 by a plurality of positioning pins 64. In the embodiment, the end surface of the vertical plate 62 of the rotating angle iron 6 is provided with a horizontal key groove 65 and a vertical key groove 66, the base of the centering clamp 9 is positioned by a flat key arranged in the horizontal key groove 65 and the vertical key groove 66 of the vertical plate, and is tightly fixed by a plurality of clamp fastening clamps 13 distributed correspondingly; the clamp fastening clamp 13 is U-shaped, one end is clamped on the base boss of the centering clamp 9, and the other end is clamped on the rear end wall of the vertical plate 62 and is locked and fixed by screws fixed on the side surface and the rear end surface of the vertical plate 62.

[0016] In the embodiment, the pushing mechanism of the sliding plate is also included, which comprises a fixed block 3 fixed on the side wall of the bottom plate 1, a pushing rod 4 arranged in parallel with the Y-direction T-slot, and a T-slot arranged on the side wall of the sliding plate 2. The pushing rod is provided with a thread at one end and a T-shaped rod at the other end. The T-shaped rod is arranged in the T-slot, and the other end is screwed into the thread hole of the fixed block. A handle or an electric mechanism is fixed on the threaded end of the pushing rod. By screwing the pushing rod, the sliding plate 2 can be pulled or pushed to slide along the Y-direction T-slot of the bottom plate 1.

[0017] In use, according to the shape and size of the workpiece, several centering calipers 9 are arranged on the sliding plate 2. Then, the centering calipers 9 are fixed to the bottom plate 1 by rotating the angle iron 6 and the angle iron supporting plate 5. After adjusting the position, angle and the distance between the two floating supporting nails 12 of the centering calipers 9 according to the angle and thickness of the workpiece, the centering calipers 9 can be used. The floating supporting nails 12 are self-adaptive to the angle of the inclined surface of the workpiece. The centering accuracy of the centering calipers is high. In the clamping condition, the clamping point is located at the center of the caliper. Therefore, no matter how to adjust the distance between the centering calipers 9, the distance between the two floating supporting nails 12 is constant.

[0018] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture, characterized in that: The system includes a base plate, three or more sliding plates, three or more angle iron support plates, and three or more centering clamps. The base plate has four or more Y-axis T-slots, and the sliding plates have two or more X-axis T-slots. The sliding plates can slide along the two Y-axis T-slots and can be locked and fixed to the base plate, with the three or more sliding plates distributed on either side of the base plate's left and right center lines. The angle iron support plates can slide along the two X-axis T-slots and can be locked and fixed to the sliding plates. The base of the rotating angle iron can rotate 360° on the angle iron support plate and be locked and fixed. The centering clamps include two moving jaws, jaws on the two moving jaws, and floating support pins that are adjustable in position and fixed to the jaws. The centering clamps are vertically and adjustable in height, fixed to the upright plate of the rotating angle iron, with the two floating support pins facing each other vertically. The center positions of the two floating support pins of the three or more centering clamps are consistent.

2. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sliding plate has bolt holes at its four corners. T-bolts embedded in the Y-direction T-groove of the base plate pass through the bolt holes on the sliding plate and are then locked in place by T-nuts.

3. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle iron support plate has four bolt holes distributed at its four corners; the T-bolts embedded in the X-direction T-groove of the sliding plate pass through the bolt holes of the angle iron support plate and are then locked and fixed by T-nuts.

4. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle iron support plate also has a central positioning hole, and multiple threaded holes are evenly distributed around the same circumference of the central positioning hole; the bottom surface of the base of the rotating angle iron is provided with a positioning shaft that matches the central positioning hole of the angle iron support plate, and the base is also provided with two arc-shaped elongated grooves at positions corresponding to the threaded holes of the angle iron support plate; the positioning shaft on the rotating angle iron passes through the central positioning hole of the angle iron support plate and is locked and fixed by bolts and nuts passing through the arc-shaped elongated grooves and the threaded holes of the angle iron support plate.

5. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the vertical plate of the rotating angle iron is also provided with a stiffening plate, and the vertical plate and the stiffening plate are fixed to the base by multiple positioning pins.

6. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The vertical plate end face of the rotating angle iron is provided with a horizontal keyway and a vertical keyway. The base of the centering caliper is positioned by a flat key placed in the horizontal and vertical keyways of the vertical plate and is fastened by a plurality of correspondingly distributed caliper fastening clamps. The caliper fastening clamp is U-shaped, with one end clamped to the base boss of the centering caliper and the other end clamped to the rear end wall of the vertical plate, and is locked and fixed by screws fixed to the side and rear end face of the vertical plate.

7. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tooling also includes a sliding plate pushing mechanism, which includes a fixing block fixed to or integrally formed on the side wall of the base plate, a push rod arranged parallel to the Y-direction T-groove, and a T-groove arranged on the side wall of the sliding plate; one end of the push rod is provided with a thread, and the other end is provided with a T-shaped rod; one end of the T-shaped rod is placed in the T-groove, and the other end is threaded into the threaded hole of the fixing block, and the threaded end of the push rod is fixed with a handle or connected to an electric mechanism.

8. The flexible centering and positioning clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The floating support pin is a precision adaptive support pin, which can swing at an angle greater than 10°, and the tolerance between the swing end face and the contact mounting surface is less than 0.02.

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