Screw extruder for plastic processing

Abstract

The invention discloses a screw extruder for plastic processing, and belongs to the technical field of plastic processing, the screw extruder comprises a support seat and an extrusion cylinder mounted on the support seat, the extrusion cylinder is provided with a feed hopper for feeding plastic particles, the feed hopper is fixedly provided with a connection frame, and the middle part of the upper end of the connection frame is provided with a servo motor; the output end of the servo motor is connected with a transmission column, the lower end of the transmission column extends into the inner side of the joint of the feeding hopper and the extrusion barrel, and drainage fan blades are installed on the inner side of the lower end of the transmission column and used for draining heat at the joint of the feeding hopper and the extrusion barrel. According to the screw extruder for plastic processing, heat at the position, close to the extrusion barrel, of the lower end of the feeding hopper can be drained and guided, so that plastic particles added into the feeding hopper are preheated, and meanwhile, when the plastic particles are turned over, the supply amount of the plastic particles into the extrusion barrel can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plastic processing technology, specifically to a screw extruder for plastic processing. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing emphasis on environmental protection and resource recycling, the recycling and reuse of plastic waste has become a key link in the sustainable development of the plastics industry. Screw extruders are widely used in the recycling, granulation, and direct molding of waste plastics.

[0003] For example, a plastic extruder with announcement number CN120245373B includes a machine body. The top of the machine body is provided with a feed hopper for storing plastic granules. An air blowing mechanism is provided between the feed hopper and the machine body to remove moisture and dust from the surface of the plastic granules. The bottom of the feed hopper is provided with an opening and closing mechanism to control the intermittent falling of the plastic granules. A filter mechanism for collecting dust is provided outside the air blowing mechanism. An impact mechanism is provided outside the feed hopper to prevent plastic granules from clogging. A rotating mechanism is provided inside the feed hopper to prevent plastic granules from adhering. The heated air in the first housing rises to the second housing to preheat the plastic granules along the spiral slide.

[0004] The existing technology has the following technical problems: When processing plastics, the existing extruder uses a material-turning component inside the hopper to prevent blockage. However, when turning the material inside the hopper, it is not easy to reduce the amount of material supplied from the hopper to the extrusion barrel. Excessive material will increase the resistance of the screw rotation, causing the load on the motor and reducer to rise instantly, the current to exceed the rated range, and long-term overload operation will accelerate bearing wear, gear meshing surface fatigue, and motor coil aging. In extreme cases, excessive resistance can cause the screw to bend and deform, or even damage the inner wall of the barrel.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a screw extruder for plastics processing to address the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screw extruder for plastic processing, which solves the problem mentioned in the background art. Existing extruders on the market, when processing plastics, use a material-turning component inside the hopper to prevent blockage. However, when turning the material inside the hopper, it is not convenient to reduce the amount of material supplied from the hopper to the extrusion barrel. Excessive material increases the resistance to screw rotation, causing a sudden increase in the load on the motor and reducer, exceeding the rated current, and resulting in long-term overload operation. This accelerates bearing wear, gear meshing surface fatigue, and motor coil aging. In extreme cases, excessive resistance can cause the screw to bend and deform, or even damage the inner wall of the barrel.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a screw extruder for plastic processing, comprising a support base and an extrusion cylinder mounted on the support base. A feed hopper for feeding plastic granules is mounted on the extrusion cylinder. A connecting frame is fixed on the feed hopper, and a servo motor is mounted in the middle of the upper end of the connecting frame. The output end of the servo motor is connected to a transmission column, and the lower end of the transmission column extends into the inner side of the joint between the feed hopper and the extrusion cylinder. A guide fan is mounted on the inner side of the lower end of the transmission column, which is used to guide heat away from the joint between the feed hopper and the extrusion cylinder. A branch crossbar is circumferentially fixed in the middle of the transmission column, and an air outlet is provided on the branch crossbar for discharging the hot air guided by the guide fan. A material-turning component is mounted on the end of the branch crossbar away from the transmission column, which is used to turn the plastic granules inside the feed hopper and control the amount of plastic granules fed into the feed hopper.

[0008] Preferably, the interior of both the transmission column and the branch crossbar is hollow, and the interiors of the transmission column and the branch crossbar are interconnected.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when hot air enters the interior of the transmission column, the hot air can enter the interior of the branch crossbar.

[0010] Preferably, there are multiple branch crossbars distributed around the transmission column, and each branch crossbar is perpendicular to the transmission column, and each branch crossbar has multiple air vents.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the hot air can flow evenly into the interior of the feed hopper through the circumferential air outlet of the branch crossbar, thereby preheating the plastic granules added inside the feed hopper.

[0012] Preferably, the material turning component includes a receiving hopper fixed to the end of the branch crossbar, and the middle part of the receiving hopper is set as a concave groove. A material-pushing block is installed in the middle part of the receiving hopper, and a positioning block is fixed on the edge of the material-pushing block. A transmission gear is fixed at the upper end of the middle shaft of the material-pushing block, and a linkage gear ring fixed to the lower end of the connecting frame is provided on the outer side of the transmission gear.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the concave groove in the middle of the hopper can hold the plastic particles inside the feed hopper, thereby reducing the amount of plastic particles entering the extrusion cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding block is rotatable on the hopper, and the cross-sectional centers of the feeding block and the hopper are the same, and the positioning block on the side of the feeding block can fit against the inner wall of the concave groove in the middle of the hopper when rotating.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the feeding block on the hopper makes it easy to use the positioning block to push out the plastic particles held inside the hopper.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding block is fixed with multiple branch feeding blocks, and the transmission gear above the shaft in the middle of the feeding block and the linkage gear ring form a meshing transmission structure.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the feeding block rotates with the transmission column, the meshing of the transmission gear and the linkage gear ring enables the feeding block to rotate on the receiving hopper.

[0018] Preferably, a pressure block is installed on the central shaft of the feeding block, and the pressure block is connected to the central shaft of the feeding block through an auxiliary spring. A vertical pole is fixed in the middle of the pressure block, and the lower end of the vertical pole is inserted into the interior of the feeding block. A collision rod is installed inside the circumferential branch feeding blocks of the feeding block, and the collision rod is connected to the interior of the branch feeding blocks through an internal spring. A power magnetic block is fixed to the end of the collision rod near the vertical pole and to the vertical pole. A pressing column is fixed to the lower end of the linkage gear ring, and the pressing column is used to push the contacting pressure block.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the auxiliary spring can be used to reset and rebound the pressure block after it moves on the feeding block.

[0020] Preferably, both the pressure block and the vertical column can slide on the shaft in the middle of the feeding block, and the pressure block is configured as a frustum-shaped structure, and the lower end of the extrusion column is configured as a spherical structure. The power magnetic blocks on the vertical column and the power magnetic blocks at the end of the collision rod are staggered in the initial state.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pressure block comes into contact with the extrusion column after rotating with the transmission column, the extrusion column can press the pressure block downward, causing the power magnetic block on the pressure block and the power magnetic block at the end of the collision rod to move closer to each other.

[0022] Preferably, the end of the collision rod away from the vertical pole is in contact with the branch block in the initial state, and the sides of the dynamic magnetic block at the end of the collision rod and the dynamic magnetic block on the vertical pole that are close to each other have opposite magnetic polarities, so that the collision rod can slide on the branch block.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the dynamic magnetic block on the vertical pole and the dynamic magnetic block at the end of the collision rod approach each other, the collision rod can be moved on the branch lever by magnetic attraction.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the screw extruder for plastic processing can guide the heat at the lower end of the feed hopper near the extrusion cylinder, thereby preheating the plastic granules added in the feed hopper, and at the same time, when the plastic granules are turned over, the supply of plastic granules into the extrusion cylinder can be effectively reduced. 1. The rotation of the guide fan blades can guide the heat flow at the connection between the feed hopper and the extrusion cylinder upwards. The airflow is discharged outwards through the circumferential air outlet of the branch crossbar. The hot airflow discharged towards the inside of the feed hopper through the air outlet can preheat the plastic granules. After the heat flow at the connection between the feed hopper and the extrusion cylinder is guided, it can prevent the temperature at the lower end of the feed hopper from being too high, which would cause the material to melt and block prematurely. 2. The concave groove on the hopper can hold a portion of the plastic particles inside the feed hopper, thereby increasing the residence time of the plastic particles inside the feed hopper and allowing them to be fully preheated. It also reduces the amount of plastic particles entering the extrusion cylinder. Furthermore, the rotation of the feeding block can further agitate the plastic particles inside the feed hopper using the branch feeding block, and can also fully push the plastic particles out of the hopper. 3. By squeezing the pressure block with the extrusion column, the vertical pole can move up and down back and forth. Utilizing the back and forth movement of the vertical pole and the magnetic attraction of the power magnet, the collision rod can move back and forth inside the branch block. The vibration force generated by the collision rod hitting the branch block can disperse the surrounding clumps of plastic particles. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a frontal perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support base and extrusion cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission column and the guide fan blade structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the branch crossbar and air outlet structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage toothed ring and extrusion column structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure block and auxiliary spring structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical support and built-in spring structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating state of the feeding block on the hopper according to the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Extrusion cylinder; 3. Feed hopper; 4. Connecting frame; 5. Servo motor; 6. Transmission column; 7. Guide fan blade; 8. Branch crossbar; 9. Air outlet; 10. Tilting component; 101. Holding hopper; 102. Material pushing block; 103. Positioning stop; 104. Transmission gear; 105. Linkage gear ring; 106. Pressure block; 107. Auxiliary spring; 108. Vertical column; 109. Branch pushing block; 110. Collision rod; 111. Built-in spring; 112. Power magnet; 113. Extrusion column. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-9Existing extruders, when processing plastics, use a material-turning component inside the hopper to prevent blockage. However, turning the material inside the hopper makes it difficult to reduce the amount of material supplied to the extrusion barrel 2. Excess material increases the resistance to screw rotation, causing a sudden increase in the load on the motor and reducer, exceeding the rated current range. Prolonged overload operation accelerates bearing wear, gear meshing fatigue, and motor coil aging. In extreme cases, excessive resistance can cause the screw to bend and deform, or even damage the inner wall of the barrel. To solve this technical problem, this embodiment discloses the following technical content: a screw extruder for plastic processing. The machine includes a support base 1 and an extrusion cylinder 2 mounted on the support base 1. A feed hopper 3 for feeding plastic granules is mounted on the extrusion cylinder 2. A connecting frame 4 is fixed on the feed hopper 3, and a servo motor 5 is mounted on the upper middle part of the connecting frame 4. The output end of the servo motor 5 is connected to a transmission column 6, and the lower end of the transmission column 6 extends into the inner side of the joint between the feed hopper 3 and the extrusion cylinder 2. A guide fan 7 is mounted on the inner side of the lower end of the transmission column 6. The guide fan 7 is used to guide the heat at the joint between the feed hopper 3 and the extrusion cylinder 2. A branch crossbar 8 is circumferentially fixed in the middle of the transmission column 6, and an air outlet 9 is provided on the branch crossbar 8. The air outlet 9 is used to discharge the hot air guided by the guide fan 7 outwards. A material-turning component 10 is installed at the end of the feed hopper 3 away from the transmission column 6. The material-turning component 10 is used to turn over the plastic granules inside the feed hopper 3 and control the amount of plastic granules fed into the feed hopper 3. The transmission column 6 and the branch crossbar 8 are both hollow structures, and the interiors of the transmission column 6 and the branch crossbar 8 are interconnected. Multiple branch crossbars 8 are distributed around the circumference of the transmission column 6, and each branch crossbar 8 is perpendicular to the transmission column 6. Multiple air vents 9 are opened on each branch crossbar 8. The material-turning component 10 includes a receiving hopper 101 fixed to the end of the branch crossbar 8, and the middle part of the receiving hopper 101 is set as a concave groove. A material-pushing block 10 is installed in the middle of the receiving hopper 101. 2. The edge of the feeding block 102 is fixed with a positioning block 103. The upper end of the middle shaft of the feeding block 102 is fixed with a transmission gear 104. The outer side of the transmission gear 104 is provided with a linkage gear ring 105 fixed to the lower end of the connecting frame 4. The feeding block 102 can rotate on the accommodating hopper 101. The cross-sectional centers of the feeding block 102 and the accommodating hopper 101 are the same. The positioning block 103 on the side of the feeding block 102 can fit against the inner wall of the concave groove in the middle of the accommodating hopper 101 when rotating. Multiple branch feeding blocks 109 are fixed on the feeding block 102. The transmission gear 104 above the middle shaft of the feeding block 102 and the linkage gear ring 105 form a meshing transmission structure.

[0029] When plastic processing is required, recycled waste plastic is placed into the feed hopper 3. The plastic granules inside the feed hopper 3 then enter the extrusion cylinder 2 for extrusion. After the plastic granules are placed into the feed hopper 3, the servo motor 5 is activated. The servo motor 5 causes the transmission column 6 to rotate, which in turn causes the guide fan blades 7 at its lower end to rotate. The rotation of the guide fan blades 7 guides the heat flow upwards from the connection between the feed hopper 3 and the extrusion cylinder 2. The hot air flows along the transmission column 6 into the branch crossbar 8. After entering the branch crossbar 8, the airflow is discharged outwards through the circumferential air outlets 9. The hot airflow discharged from the air outlets 9 towards the feed hopper 3 preheats the plastic granules. By guiding the heat flow from the connection between the feed hopper 3 and the extrusion cylinder 2, the excessively high temperature at the lower end of the feed hopper 3 can be avoided, preventing premature melting and blockage of the material. Simultaneously, the branch crossbar... After rotation, the 8 can drive the hopper 101 to rotate synchronously. Because the hopper 101 has a concave groove in the middle, the hopper 101 can hold a portion of the plastic particles inside the feed hopper 3, thereby reducing the amount of plastic particles entering the extrusion cylinder 2. At the same time, it can also increase the residence time of the plastic particles inside the feed hopper 3 and improve the preheating effect. After the hopper 101 rotates with the drive column 6, it can drive the feeding block 102 to rotate synchronously. When the feeding block 102 rotates, the drive gear 104 on the middle shaft meshes with the linkage gear ring 105, so that the feeding block 102 can rotate on the hopper 101. The rotation of the feeding block 102 can first use the side positioning block 103 to fully push the plastic particles inside the hopper 101 outward. At the same time, after the feeding block 102 rotates, it can also use the branch feeding block 109 on it to flip the plastic particles inside the feed hopper 3.

[0030] Example 2: The technical content disclosed in this example is a further improvement based on Example 1. To further prevent slightly damp plastic particles from adhering and clumping together, the following technical content is disclosed in this example: Figures 4-8As shown, a pressure block 106 is installed on the central shaft of the feeding block 102, and the pressure block 106 is connected to the central shaft of the feeding block 102 through an auxiliary spring 107. A vertical rod 108 is fixed in the middle of the pressure block 106, and the lower end of the vertical rod 108 is inserted into the interior of the feeding block 102. A collision rod 110 is installed inside the circumferential branch feeding blocks 109 of the feeding block 102, and the collision rod 110 is connected to the interior of the branch feeding blocks 109 through an internal spring 111. A power magnet 112 is fixed to the end of the collision rod 110 near the vertical rod 108 and to the vertical rod 108. A pressing column 113 is fixed to the lower end of the linkage gear ring 105. The pressing column 113 is used to press the contact The pressure block 106 pushes the material, and both the pressure block 106 and the vertical rod 108 can slide on the shaft in the middle of the feeding block 102. The pressure block 106 is set as a frustum structure, and the lower end of the extrusion column 113 is set as a spherical structure. The power magnetic block 112 on the vertical rod 108 and the power magnetic block 112 at the end of the collision rod 110 are staggered in the initial state. The end of the collision rod 110 away from the vertical rod 108 is in contact with the branch feeding block 109 in the initial state. The sides of the power magnetic block 112 at the end of the collision rod 110 and the power magnetic block 112 on the vertical rod 108 that are close to each other have opposite magnetic polarities. The collision rod 110 can slide on the branch feeding block 109.

[0031] When the servo motor 5 drives the transmission column 6 to rotate, the transmission column 6 and the branch crossbar 8 can drive the material feeding block 102 to rotate synchronously. After the material feeding block 102 rotates, the pressure block 106 on its middle shaft gradually contacts the extrusion column 113 at the lower end of the linkage gear ring 105. The extrusion column 113 can then extrude pressure on the pressure block 106, causing it to drive the vertical column 108 to move downwards synchronously. When the pressure block 106 disengages from the extrusion column 113 at the lower end of the linkage gear ring 105, the pressure block 106 and the vertical column 108 reset under the action of the auxiliary spring 107, thus achieving... The vertical pole 108 moves up and down repeatedly. When the vertical pole 108 moves downward, the power magnetic block 112 on it and the power magnetic block 112 at the end of the collision rod 110 approach each other. The magnetic attraction force can make the collision rod 110 move towards the vertical pole 108. When the vertical pole 108 moves upward and resets, the power magnetic block 112 on it and the power magnetic block 112 at the end of the collision rod 110 move away from each other. The collision rod 110 resets and rebounds under the action of the built-in spring 111. The vibration generated by the collision rod 110 hitting the branch block 109 after resetting can disperse the surrounding clumps of plastic particles.

[0032] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw extruder for plastic processing, comprising a support base (1) and an extrusion cylinder (2) mounted on the support base (1), wherein a feed hopper (3) for discharging plastic granules is mounted on the extrusion cylinder (2), characterized in that: A connecting frame (4) is fixed on the feed hopper (3), and a servo motor (5) is installed in the middle of the upper end of the connecting frame (4). The output end of the servo motor (5) is connected to a transmission column (6), and the lower end of the transmission column (6) extends into the inner side of the joint between the feed hopper (3) and the extrusion cylinder (2). A guide fan (7) is installed on the inner side of the lower end of the transmission column (6). The guide fan (7) is used to guide the heat at the joint between the feed hopper (3) and the extrusion cylinder (2). A branch crossbar (8) is fixed circumferentially in the middle of the transmission column (6), and an air outlet (9) is opened on the branch crossbar (8). The air outlet (9) is used to discharge the hot air guided by the guide fan (7) to the outside. A turning component (10) is installed at the end of the branch crossbar (8) away from the transmission column (6). The turning component (10) is used to turn the plastic particles inside the feed hopper (3) and control the amount of plastic particles fed into the feed hopper (3).

2. The screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interiors of the transmission column (6) and the branch crossbar (8) are both hollow, and the interiors of the transmission column (6) and the branch crossbar (8) are interconnected.

3. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch crossbars (8) are distributed in multiple directions around the transmission column (6), and each branch crossbar (8) is perpendicular to the transmission column (6), and each branch crossbar (8) has multiple air outlets (9).

4. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material turning component (10) includes a hopper (101) fixed to the end of the branch crossbar (8), and the middle part of the hopper (101) is set as a concave groove. A material-pushing block (102) is installed in the middle part of the hopper (101), and a positioning block (103) is fixed on the edge of the material-pushing block (102). A transmission gear (104) is fixed on the upper end of the shaft in the middle part of the material-pushing block (102), and a linkage gear ring (105) fixed on the lower end of the connecting frame (4) is provided on the outer side of the transmission gear (104).

5. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material feeding block (102) can rotate on the hopper (101), and the cross-sectional centers of the material feeding block (102) and the hopper (101) are the same. The positioning block (103) on the side of the material feeding block (102) can fit against the inner wall of the concave groove in the middle of the hopper (101) when rotating.

6. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material feeding block (102) is fixed with multiple branch feeding blocks (109), and the transmission gear (104) above the shaft in the middle of the material feeding block (102) and the linkage gear ring (105) form a meshing transmission structure.

7. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure block (106) is mounted on the central shaft of the feeding block (102), and the pressure block (106) is connected to the central shaft of the feeding block (102) by an auxiliary spring (107). A vertical rod (108) is fixed in the middle of the pressure block (106), and the lower end of the vertical rod (108) is inserted into the interior of the feeding block (102). The circumferential branch feeding blocks (109) of the feeding block (102) are installed inside. There is a collision rod (110), and the collision rod (110) is internally connected to the built-in spring (111) and the branch block (109). The collision rod (110) near the vertical pole (108) is fixed with a power magnet (112) on the vertical pole (108). The lower end of the linkage toothed ring (105) is fixed with a pressing column (113), which is used to push the contacting pressure block (106).

8. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure block (106) and the vertical rod (108) can both slide on the shaft in the middle of the feeding block (102). The pressure block (106) is set as a frustum structure, and the lower end of the extrusion column (113) is set as a spherical structure. The power magnetic block (112) on the vertical rod (108) and the power magnetic block (112) at the end of the collision rod (110) are staggered in the initial state.

9. A screw extruder for plastic processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the collision rod (110) away from the vertical pole (108) is initially in contact with the branch block (109), and the dynamic magnetic block (112) at the end of the collision rod (110) and the dynamic magnetic block (112) on the vertical pole (108) have opposite magnetic polarities on their sides, and the collision rod (110) can slide on the branch block (109).

Images