Ultra-large hydroelectric power station and construction method and piston ring replacement method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-large hydroelectric power station and a construction method and a piston ring replacement method thereof. The hydroelectric power station rotates through a water turbine, the water turbine rotates to drive an air compressor to work, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is produced, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is input into an air energy storage tank to be temporarily stored; energy generated by the water turbine and energy accumulated by the air energy storage tank are output at the same time, high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushes into the steam turbine and releases energy in the steam turbine, the steam turbine rotates to drive the generator to generate electricity, high-quality electric energy is produced and connected with a power grid and a hydroelectric power station to obtain energy, and air compression, energy storage, electricity generation and power transformation are integrated. The hydroelectric power station adjusts the electric quantity at any time, the problem that serious time difference exists between the electric quantity produced by renewable energy and the electric quantity consumed by power consumers in China is revolutionarily solved, the hydroelectric power station is arranged on water for tens of thousands of square kilometers, and huge electric energy is produced. The method has the advantage of balancing the electrical load of the power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power generation facilities, specifically to an ultra-large hydropower station and its construction method and piston ring replacement method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country has adopted a large amount of renewable and clean energy power generation, such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation. There is a serious time difference between the electricity generated by renewable energy and the electricity consumed by Chinese power users, which has caused a serious imbalance in the power grid load. The period from 00:00 to 07:00 is the off-peak period for electricity consumption, and the generated electricity is seriously wasted. The period from 07:00 to 24:00 is the peak period for electricity consumption, and the generated electricity is insufficient. There is an urgent need for a power station that can generate renewable, clean, energy-storage, and regulate electricity production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to integrate energy acquisition, air compression, energy storage, power generation and power transformation into an ultra-large hydropower station, this invention provides an ultra-large hydropower station for balancing the power grid load, its construction method and piston ring replacement method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a super-large hydroelectric power station, which includes piles, a power generation platform installed on the piles, a shaft platform, a power generation workshop set on the power generation platform, and a steam turbine, a generator, a substation, and an air compressor set in the power generation workshop. The left and right sides of the power generation platform are equipped with water turbines that are linked to the air compressors. Several air storage tanks connected to the air compressors are set below the deck of the power generation platform. The air storage tanks are also used to manufacture the piles and have supporting and air storage functions. The piles are connected to the air compressors. The air storage tanks and the piles are both connected to the steam turbines and provide high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the steam turbines.

[0005] The turbine includes an impeller, a shaft core, and a shaft core gear ring. The shaft core platform is located on the left and right sides of the power generation platform and is used for shaft core installation. One end of the shaft core is installed on the power generation platform and the other end is installed on the shaft core platform. The air compressor includes a crankshaft, a cylinder, and a piston that is sealed and slidably installed in the cylinder. The piston has several piston rings on its outer circumference. The upper part of the cylinder has several openings arranged in a circumferential direction for piston ring replacement at appropriate positions. Adjacent piston rings are staggered vertically. A connecting rod connects the crankshaft and the piston. The top of the cylinder has a fixedly installed top cover. The upper surface of the top cover has a bearing seat for the crankshaft to rotate. The top cover has an opening in the middle to avoid the movement of the connecting rod and the crankshaft. The cylinder has a one-way air inlet and a one-way air outlet.

[0006] The water turbine lies horizontally on the flowing water surface, with its shaft core positioned at an appropriate height above and parallel to the water surface. Part of the water turbine is submerged in the water, while the other part is suspended in the air. The impeller of the water turbine faces the direction of the flowing water and is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. Driven by the force of the flowing water, the impeller in the water propels the water turbine to rotate, which in turn rotates the shaft core gear ring. A gear transmission assembly is provided between the shaft core gear ring and the crankshaft of the air compressor, and a clutch is located at the end of the crankshaft. The gear transmission assembly includes a crankshaft gear mounted on the crankshaft and several meshing gears. The shaft core gear ring drives the crankshaft to rotate via the gear transmission assembly, and the crankshaft then drives the piston to reciprocate linearly within the cylinder via a connecting rod. The clutch includes: A clutch disc, which is mounted on the crankshaft and has a recessed track on its circumferential surface; The clutch disc is linked to the crankshaft and is slidably mounted on the crankshaft; the crankshaft gear is rotatably engaged with the crankshaft. The crankshaft gear has a groove on its side wall, and the clutch disc has a protrusion that matches the groove on its side wall. The power generation platform has a support and a lever that is oscillatingly mounted on the support. The front end of the lever is inserted into the recessed track on the circumferential surface of the clutch disc. The rear end of the lever oscillates left and right to achieve a first state in which the clutch disc engages with the crankshaft gear to achieve synchronous rotation of the crankshaft driven by the crankshaft gear, and a second state in which the clutch disc disengages from the crankshaft gear to achieve disengagement of the crankshaft from the crankshaft gear.

[0007] The air inlet and air outlet are located at the bottom of the cylinder body. The air inlet is equipped with a vertical check valve, and the air outlet is equipped with a swing check valve. An air outlet pipe is provided between the air outlet and the air storage tank. The air outlet pipe is connected to multiple air storage tanks and multiple vertical piles. The air outlet pipe is equipped with a gate valve.

[0008] The air storage tank is a hollow cylindrical shape, arranged horizontally in the longitudinal direction. The piles include diversion piles, approach bridge piles, diversion plate piles, shaft core platform piles, and power generation platform piles. The diversion piles, approach bridge piles, diversion plate piles, shaft core platform piles, and power generation platform piles are all hollow cylindrical and connected by pipes. They are arranged vertically and have conical pile tips at their bottom. The air storage tank is equipped with an inlet valve and an outlet valve. A main pipe for high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow and a main valve for controlling the on / off state are provided between the air storage tank and the turbine. The main pipe is equipped with a safety valve and a venting valve.

[0009] The shaft core is provided with braking mechanisms at both ends, and the braking mechanisms include: Rotate the cylindrical disc, which is coaxially mounted at both ends of the shaft core; The rotating cylindrical disc is enclosed by two arc-shaped brake pads, and the lower part of the two arc-shaped brake pads is movably connected to the pin by a lug. The upper end of the arc-shaped brake pad is provided with nuts that are fixedly installed and rotate in opposite directions. A screw is provided between the nuts and threaded with them. A handle is provided at the end of the screw. The rotation of the handle causes the nuts to move towards or away from each other on the screw, thereby controlling the arc-shaped brake pad to clamp or release the rotating cylindrical disc. The arc-shaped brake pad is connected to a tension stop, which is fixedly installed on the generator platform and the shaft core platform.

[0010] The power generation platform is equipped with diversion plates at its four corners; the front and rear diversion piles of the power generation platform are arranged in a herringbone shape and cooperate with the diversion plates to divert water for the turbine. A water flow acceleration device is provided between the power generation platform and the diversion plate, and the water flow acceleration device includes: A hollow triangular prism that floats horizontally on the water surface and rises and falls with the water level; A power mechanism is installed at both ends of the hollow triangular body; The hollow triangular body has an extended inclined plate on its inclined surface; The hollow triangular body has upright plates at both ends, the outer circumference of the upper part of the approach bridge pile is provided with arc-shaped seats, the outer circumference of the upper part of the power generation platform pile is provided with arc-shaped seats, and the arc-shaped seats are provided with slotted tracks for the upright plates at both ends of the hollow triangular body to be inserted and matched. The power mechanism includes an electric motor, a winch assembly, and a pulley block. The electric motor can control the lifting and lowering of the hollow triangle through the pulley block and the winch assembly.

[0011] Bridge plates are provided between the power generation platform and the approach bridge piles, the diversion plate piles, and the core platform piles. High-pressure pipes are provided below the bridge plates. Multiple vertical plates are provided for connection and reinforcement between the bridge plates and the high-pressure pipes. The high-pressure pipes are used to connect the approach bridge piles, the diversion plate piles, and the core platform piles.

[0012] This invention provides a construction method for an ultra-large hydroelectric power station, the steps of which include: Step 1: Select a suitable construction location and drive the air storage tank as a diversion pile, approach bridge pile, diversion plate pile, core platform pile, and power generation platform pile, ensuring that it protrudes above the water surface at an appropriate height. Step two: The power generation platform, power generation workshop, steam turbine, generator, substation and air compressor of the hydroelectric power station are all manufactured in the factory and integrated into one unit. The power generation platform floats on the water. The power generation platform is towed to the power station site by tugboat and lifted by crane boat and placed on the power generation platform piles in step one for connection. Step 3: After all the shaft core platform and components of the hydroelectric power station are manufactured in the factory, the shaft core platform is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. It is then lifted by a crane ship and placed on the shaft core platform erected in Step 1 for connection. Step four: After the turbine is manufactured in the factory, it is transported on a barge to the power station site. The turbine is then lifted by a crane ship, with one end of the shaft core placed on the bearing seat of the power generation platform for connection, and the other end of the turbine shaft core placed on the bearing seat of the shaft core platform for connection. Step 5: After the diversion plate is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The diversion plate is then lifted by a crane barge and lowered into place with both ends aligned with the slots of the arc-shaped seats of the diversion plate uprights. The arc-shaped seats support the weight of the diversion plate, and the position of the diversion plate remains unchanged, so that the diversion plate forms a 45° angle with the direction of water flow. This works in conjunction with the herringbone-shaped diversion uprights to divert water for the turbine. Step Six: After the water flow speed-increasing device is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The device is then lifted by a crane ship, and the two end plates of the device are aligned with the arc-shaped seat openings of the power generation platform piles and approach bridge piles before being lowered. The switches of the two end motors of the device are operated, and the two end cable assemblies rotate simultaneously, causing the hollow triangular body of the device to rise and fall at any time, thereby accelerating the flow rate of the water entering the turbine impeller. Step 7: After the bridge deck and high-pressure pipe assembly is manufactured in the factory, it is loaded onto a barge for transportation to the power plant site. The bridge deck and high-pressure pipe assembly is then lifted by a crane ship. While the bridge deck is being laid, the high-pressure pipes under the bridge deck are connected to the approach bridge piles, diversion plate piles, and core platform piles. Step 8: After the wind shield is manufactured in the factory, it is loaded onto a barge for transport to the power plant site. The wind shield is then lifted in batches by a crane ship and installed above the turbine. Step nine: Lay an underwater cable, with one end connected to the substation on the power generation platform and the other end connected to the power grid on shore.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for replacing piston rings in a super-large hydroelectric power station, the steps of which include: Step 1, when the crankshaft of the air compressor is rotated to the highest point, a manual crane is set up on the top beam of the power generation workshop. The operation of the crane is used to stop the crankshaft of the air compressor. At the same time, the clutch between the crankshaft gear and the crankshaft is disengaged. When the piston rings are aligned with the opening window of the cylinder block, the piston rings are fully exposed in the opening window. Step 2: Divide each layer of piston rings into several segments as needed. Use a screwdriver and hammer to remove the old and worn piston rings in sequence. Then, use a screwdriver and hammer to insert the new piston ring segments into the opening at an angle, until all the piston rings are inserted into the annular groove of the piston. Step 3: After the piston rings are installed, the clutch between the crankshaft gear and the crankshaft is engaged. A manual crane is installed on the top beam of the power generation workshop, the overhead crane is disengaged, and the air compressor is put into normal use.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The hydroelectric power station uses the rotation of the turbine impeller to drive the turbine shaft gear ring to rotate. The rotation of the turbine shaft gear ring then drives the crankshaft of the air compressor on the power generation platform to rotate. The crankshaft, through a connecting rod, drives the piston of the air compressor to move up and down reciprocally, generating high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This high-temperature, high-pressure gas is input into an air storage tank located below the main deck of the power generation platform. When the air pressure in the air storage tank reaches approximately 20 MPa, the outlet valve of the pipeline is opened, and the high-temperature, high-pressure gas rushes into the turbine. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas releases energy within the turbine, and the turbine's rotation drives the generator to produce electrical energy. This electrical energy is then transmitted through a substation, collector lines, medium-voltage busbar, secondary booster station, and high-voltage busbar, producing high-quality electricity that is connected to the power grid.

[0015] During periods of low electricity demand, the water turbine rotates, which in turn drives the air compressor to work. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas produced by the air compressor is temporarily stored in an air storage tank. The air storage tank accumulates energy, and when the outlet valve of the air storage tank is closed, the steam turbine and generator temporarily stop working. During periods of low electricity demand, the hydroelectric power station does not generate electricity, which meets the requirements of the power grid.

[0016] During peak electricity demand, the water turbine rotates, which drives the air compressor to work. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas produced by the air compressor is input into the air energy storage tank. The energy generated by the water turbine and the energy accumulated in the air energy storage tank are output simultaneously. The air outlet valve of the air energy storage tank opens, and the steam turbine and generator work to generate electricity during peak demand, which meets the requirements of the power grid. This invention has the advantage of balancing the power grid load. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view illustrating the structure of a single ultra-large hydroelectric power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of the layout of the air storage tanks and pipelines of a single ultra-large hydroelectric power station.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a plan view of a single ultra-large hydroelectric power station.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation platform and air compressor.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an air compressor.

[0022] Figure 6This is a top view of an air compressor.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water turbine.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the vertical pile air energy storage tank and the arc-shaped base.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a side view of the hollow triangular body of the water flow speed-increasing device.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a plan view of the water flow speed-increasing device.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a top view of the water flow speed-increasing device.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a side view of the bridge plate and high-pressure pipe.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the air compressor cylinder.

[0030] Figure 14 A schematic diagram for replacing the piston rings of an air compressor.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the brake mechanism when it is clamped.

[0032] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the brake mechanism when it is released.

[0033] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the braking mechanism, impeller, shaft, and platform.

[0034] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the clutch disengages from the crankshaft gear.

[0035] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the clutch engages the crankshaft gear. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: As shown in the figure, a super-large hydroelectric power station includes a power generation platform 1, a shaft core platform 14, a power generation workshop 2 set on the power generation platform 1, and a steam turbine 3, a generator 4, a substation 5, and an air compressor 6 set in the power generation workshop 2. Several air storage tanks 7 connected to the air compressor 6 are located below the deck of the power generation platform 1. These air storage tanks 7 can also be used as diversion piles 75, approach bridge piles 78, diversion plate piles 79, shaft core platform piles 77, and power generation platform piles 76. Water turbines 8, linked to the air compressor 6, are located on the left and right sides of the power generation platform 1. Each water turbine 8 includes an impeller 81, a shaft core 82, and a shaft core gear ring 84. Shaft core platforms 14, connected to the shaft core 82, are located on the left and right sides of the power generation platform 1. One end of the shaft core 82 is mounted on the power generation platform 1, and the other end is mounted on the shaft core platform 14. The air compressor 6 includes a crankshaft 61 and a cylinder 6. 2. A piston 63 is installed in the cylinder body 62 with a sealing sliding installation. The piston 63 has several piston rings 16 on its outer circumference. The upper part of the cylinder body 62 has several opening windows 621 arranged in the circumferential direction for replacing the piston rings 16. Adjacent piston rings 16 are staggered vertically. The cylinder body 62 has a one-way air inlet 64 and a one-way air outlet 65. A connecting rod 66 is provided between the crankshaft 61 and the piston 63. The air storage tank has an air inlet valve 90 and an air outlet valve 91. A main pipe 93 and a main valve 94 for controlling the on / off state are provided between the air storage tank and the turbine. The main pipe 93 has a safety valve and a vent valve (not shown). When the air storage tank outlet valve 91 is opened and the air storage tank second outlet valve 92 is opened, high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the main pipe 93. The main valve 94 of the main pipe is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows to the turbine 3 through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0037] The hydroelectric power station rotates the turbine impeller 81, which drives the turbine shaft gear ring 84 to rotate. The rotation of the turbine shaft gear ring 84 then drives the crankshaft 61 of the air compressor on the power generation platform to rotate. The crankshaft 61 drives the piston 63 of the air compressor to move up and down reciprocally through the connecting rod 66, generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas is input into several air storage tanks 7 set below the main deck of the power generation platform 1. When the air pressure in the air storage tanks 7 reaches about 20 MPa, the air storage tank outlet valve 91 is opened, the second air storage tank outlet valve 92 is opened, and the main pipe valve 94 is opened. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas rushes into the steam turbine 3. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas releases energy in the steam turbine 3. The rotation of the steam turbine 3 drives the generator 4 to produce electrical energy. After passing through the substation 5, the collection line, the medium-voltage bus, the secondary step-up station, and the high-voltage bus, the high-quality electrical energy is generated and connected to the power grid. During periods of low electricity demand, the water turbine rotates, which drives the air compressor 6 to work. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas produced by the air compressor 6 is temporarily stored in the air storage tank 7. The air storage tank 7 accumulates energy, and the outlet valve of the air storage tank 7 is closed. The steam turbine 3 and generator 4 temporarily stop working. The hydroelectric power station does not generate electricity during periods of low electricity demand, which meets the requirements of the power grid.

[0038] During peak electricity demand, the water turbine rotates, driving the air compressor 6 to operate. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas produced by the air compressor 6 is input into the air storage tank 7. The energy generated by the water turbine 8 and the energy accumulated in the air storage tank 7 are simultaneously output. The outlet valve of the air storage tank 7 opens, and the steam turbine 3 and generator 4 operate, generating electricity during peak demand, which meets the requirements of the power grid. This invention has the advantage of balancing the power grid load.

[0039] The temperature of the gas compressed by the air compressor is approximately between 30℃ and 70℃.

[0040] The water turbine 8 lies horizontally on the surface of the flowing water, with the turbine shaft 82 at an appropriate height above the water surface and parallel to it. Part of the water turbine is in the water, and the other part is in the air. The impeller 81 of the water turbine 8 faces the direction of the flowing water and is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. The impeller 81 of the water turbine experiences the greatest force and obtains the greatest energy. Under the impulse of the flowing water, the impeller 81 in the water drives the water turbine 8 to rotate, and the rotation of the water turbine 8 drives the turbine shaft gear ring 84 to rotate.

[0041] A wind shield 83 is installed above the turbine 8. To prevent the turbine's rotation from being affected by local water winds, the turbine is equipped with a wind shield 83. The wind shield 83 is semi-cylindrical in shape and lies horizontally above the turbine. A curtain is hung at the bottom of the wind shield to make it more tightly sealed. The turbine rotates freely, and the turbine blades are exposed above the water surface, so they are not affected by the headwinds of the local waters of the hydroelectric power station. When the water flow direction is opposite to the wind direction, the wind shield 83 is partially or completely opened in sections by means of hydraulic presses, hydraulic pipes, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic rods, hydraulic rotating mechanisms, motors, tracks, cores, hinges, etc., so that the wind and water forces act on the turbine together.

[0042] Below the main deck of the power generation platform 1, there is an air energy storage tank 7, which is a hollow cylindrical shape and arranged horizontally in the longitudinal direction. The front and rear diversion piles 75 of the power generation platform 1 are also air energy storage tanks, and the diversion piles 75 are arranged in a V-shape. The diversion piles 75 are connected to each other by high-pressure pipes 12. In addition, the approach bridge piles 78, diversion plate piles 79, shaft core platform piles 77, and power generation platform piles 76 of the hydroelectric power station are all air energy storage tanks. The approach bridge piles 78, diversion plate piles 79, and shaft core platform piles 77 are connected to each other by high-pressure pipes 15. The diversion piles 75, approach bridge piles 78, diversion plate piles 79, shaft core platform piles 77, and power generation platform piles 76 are all hollow cylindrical shapes, arranged vertically, and have conical pile tips at the bottom. This design has the advantages of saving materials, achieving two goals at once, and improving economic efficiency.

[0043] The power generation platform 1 is provided with diversion plates 9 at its four corners; the front and rear diversion piles 75 of the power generation platform 1 are arranged in a herringbone shape and cooperate with the diversion plates 9 to divert water to the turbine 8. The water flow flows into the turbine impeller 81, increasing the flow rate and velocity, so that the turbine impeller 81 can obtain more energy.

[0044] A water flow acceleration device 11 is provided between the power generation platform 1 and the diversion plate 9. The water flow acceleration device 11 has the following features: The hollow triangular body 111 floats horizontally on the water surface and rises and falls with the water level. Its buoyancy is equal to its weight. It floats on the water surface at an appropriate height above the water surface. A power mechanism is installed at both ends of the hollow triangular body 111; The top plate of the hollow triangular body 111 is equipped with a sealed inverted door 115; The hollow triangular body 111 has an extended inclined plate 117 on its inclined surface. Water flows in from the large opening and out from the small opening, and flows towards the impeller 81 of the water turbine. The hollow triangular body 111 is provided with upright plates 116 at both ends, the outer peripheral surface of the upper part of the approach bridge pile 78 is provided with arc-shaped seats 71, the outer peripheral surface of the upper part of the power generation platform pile 76 is provided with arc-shaped seats 71, and the arc-shaped seats 71 are provided with slotted tracks 72 for the upright plates at both ends of the hollow triangular body 111 to be inserted and matched. The power mechanism includes a motor 112, a winch assembly 113, and a pulley block 114. The motor 112 can control the lifting and lowering of the hollow triangular body 111 through the pulley block 114 and the winch assembly 113. When the water flows into the inclined surface 117 of the hollow triangular body 111 and is pressed down by the inclined surface, the water flow velocity naturally increases and the water flow pressure naturally increases, enabling the turbine impeller 81 to obtain greater energy.

[0045] The outer periphery of the upper part of the power generation platform pile 76, approach bridge pile 78, and diversion plate pile 79 is provided with an arc-shaped seat 71. The arc-shaped seat 71 is provided with a slit 72 for the two end plates of the diversion plate 9 to be inserted and matched. The arc-shaped seat 71 is provided with a vertical track for the two end plates of the water flow speed-increasing device 11 to be inserted and matched.

[0046] A bridge plate 10 is provided between the power generation platform 1 and the left and right approach bridge piles 78, diversion plate piles 79, and core platform piles 77. The bridge plate 10 and the high-pressure pipe 15 are integrated into one unit. The side view of the bridge plate is a T-shaped structure 10. The bridge plate 10 and the high-pressure pipe 15 are reinforced by multiple vertical plates 17. The high-pressure pipe 15 is used to connect the various approach bridge piles 78, diversion plate piles 79, and core platform piles 77. The integration of the bridge plate and the high-pressure pipe saves materials, facilitates the movement of workers, and enhances the overall strength of the bridge plate and the high-pressure pipeline. A railing is installed above the bridge plate.

[0047] The two ends of the turbine shaft core 82 extend to an appropriate length and are mounted on the power generation platform 1 and the shaft core platform 14 with bearing seats 20 for rotation, so that the turbine shaft core 82 can maintain stable rotation.

[0048] An air storage tank 7 is located below the main deck of the power generation platform 1 and is connected to the air compressor 6 via a high-pressure pipe 18; the front and rear diversion piles 75 of the power generation platform 1 are connected to the air compressor 6 via a high-pressure pipe 12; the approach bridge piles 78, the diversion plate piles 79, and the shaft core platform piles 77 are connected to the air compressor 6 via a high-pressure pipe 15.

[0049] A gear transmission assembly 13 is provided between the shaft core gear ring 84 and the crankshaft 61 of the air compressor 6 for linkage connection. A clutch 67 is provided at the end of the crankshaft 61. The gear transmission assembly 13 includes a crankshaft gear 131 mounted on the crankshaft 61 and several gears meshing with each other for transmission. The shaft core gear ring 84 drives the crankshaft 61 to rotate through the gear transmission assembly 13. The crankshaft 61 then drives the piston 63 to reciprocate linearly within the cylinder 62 through the connecting rod 66. This causes air to continuously enter the cylinder from the air inlet 64. The air is compressed by the piston 63 within the cylinder, and high-temperature, high-pressure gas is output from the air outlet 65. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas is input into each air storage tank 7 through various pipelines, and also into the diversion pile 75, the approach bridge pile 78, the diversion plate pile 79, the shaft core platform pile 77, and the power generation platform pile 76.

[0050] The clutch 67 includes: A clutch disc 671 is mounted on the crankshaft 61 and has a recessed track 672 on its circumferential surface; The crankshaft gear 131 has a groove 673 on its side wall, and the clutch disc 671 has a protrusion 674 that matches the groove 673 on its side wall. The power generation platform 1 has a support 675 and a lever 676 that is oscillatingly mounted on the support 675. The front end of the lever 676 is inserted into the recessed track 672 on the circumferential surface of the clutch disc 671. The rear end of the lever 676 oscillates left and right to achieve a first state in which the clutch disc 671 engages with the crankshaft gear 131, thereby driving the crankshaft 61 to rotate synchronously, and a second state in which the clutch disc 671 disengages from the crankshaft gear 131, thereby disengaging the crankshaft 61 from the crankshaft gear 131. The clutch disc 671 is linked to the crankshaft 61 and slides on the crankshaft 61. The crankshaft gear 131 rotates with the crankshaft 61.

[0051] The air storage tank 7 is equipped with an inlet valve 90 and an outlet valve 91. The air storage tank 75 of the diversion pile is equipped with an inlet valve and an outlet valve. The approach bridge pile 78, the diversion plate pile 79, the shaft core platform pile 77, and the power generation platform pile 76 are equipped with inlet valves and outlet valves. When the outlet valve 91 of the air storage tank is opened, the outlet valve 92 of the second air storage tank is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the main pipe 93. The main valve 94 of the main pipe 93 is opened, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows to the steam turbine 3 through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0052] The top of the cylinder 62 is provided with a fixedly installed top cover 68. The upper surface of the top cover 68 is provided with a bearing seat 69 for the crankshaft 61 to be rotatably installed. The top cover 68 has an opening 60 in the middle to avoid the movement of the connecting rod 66 and the crankshaft 61. The top cover 68 is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder 62 by bolts. The bearing seat 69 ensures the free rotation of the crankshaft 61. The opening 60 of the top cover 68 can prevent the crankshaft 61 and the connecting rod 66 from interfering with the top cover 68 when they are in operation.

[0053] The shaft core 82 is provided with braking mechanisms at both ends, and the braking mechanisms include: Rotate the cylindrical disk 821, which is coaxially mounted at both ends of the shaft core 82; The rotating cylindrical disk 821 is covered by two arc-shaped brake pads 822, and the lower part of the two arc-shaped brake pads 822 is movably connected to the pin 827 by the lug 828; The upper end of the arc-shaped brake pad 822 is provided with nuts 823 that are fixedly installed and rotate in opposite directions. A screw 824 is provided between the nuts 823 and threadedly engaged with them. A handle 825 is provided at the end of the screw 824. The rotation of the handle 825 causes the nuts 823 to move towards or away from each other on the screw 824, thereby controlling the arc-shaped brake pad 822 to clamp or release the rotating cylindrical disk 821. The lower end of the arc-shaped brake pad 822 is connected to a tension stop 826, which is fixedly installed on the power generation platform and the shaft core platform.

[0054] The air inlet 64 and air outlet 65 are located at the bottom of the cylinder body 62. The air inlet 64 is equipped with a vertical check valve 641, and the air outlet 65 is equipped with a swing check valve 642. The air outlet pipe 651 of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet pipe of the air storage tank 7 (which also includes the diversion pile 75, the bridge pile 78, the diversion plate pile 79, the shaft platform pile 77, and the power generation platform pile 76). The air outlet pipe 651 of the air compressor is equipped with a gate valve (not shown).

[0055] The intake valve cover of the vertical check valve 641 is a circular plate structure. The valve cover moves up and down along the track of the circular hole in the inner wall of the cylinder. To prevent the valve cover from veerging and getting stuck, a guide rod is connected upward at the center of the valve cover. The guide rod is a cylindrical structure and moves up and down in the inner hole of the annulus according to the specified direction. The valve cover will not veer when moving up and down along the track of the circular hole in the inner wall of the cylinder. The circular plate valve cover opens when it rises and closes when it falls. The top of the vertical check valve 641 is connected to the bottom intake port 64 of the air compressor 6. When the piston 63 of the air compressor 6 moves upward... The intake valve cover inside the vertical check valve 641 automatically opens and rises under the suction force of the piston 63 of the air compressor 6, allowing external air to automatically enter through the bottom opening of the vertical check valve 641 and into the cylinder 62 of the air compressor 6. When the piston 63 of the air compressor 6 moves downward to compress the air, the intake valve cover inside the vertical check valve 641 automatically closes under the action of air pressure and the weight of the valve cover itself. The intake valve cover of the vertical check valve 641 can only allow air to enter in one direction and cannot allow air to exit in the opposite direction. The swing check valve 642 is horizontal, with a circular plate structure for the valve cover in the middle. The valve cover is vertically set and forms a partition with the cylindrical inner hole inside the check valve. The top of the valve cover is connected to a hinge, and the valve cover rotates around the axis of the top hinge. When the valve cover is vertically downward, it closes the air. The valve cover can only rotate 90 degrees around the axis, so that the valve cover can only output air in one direction and cannot input air in the opposite direction. The valve cover opens when it rotates around the axis and closes when it falls vertically downward around the axis.

[0056] A construction method for an ultra-large hydroelectric power station, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select a suitable construction location and drive the air storage tank as the diversion pile 75, approach bridge pile 78, diversion plate pile 79, shaft core platform pile 77 and power generation platform pile 76, and make it protrude from the water surface at an appropriate height. Step 2: The power generation platform 1, power generation workshop 2, steam turbine 3, generator 4, substation 5 and air compressor 6 of the hydroelectric power station are all manufactured in the factory and integrated into one unit. The power generation platform 1 floats on the water surface. The power generation platform 1 is towed to the power station site by a tugboat and lifted by a crane boat and placed on the power generation platform pile 76 in Step 1 for connection. Step 3: After all the shaft core platform 14 and components of the hydroelectric power station are manufactured in the factory, the shaft core platform 14 is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site, where it is lifted by a crane ship and placed on the shaft core platform erection pile 77 from Step 1 for connection. Step 4: After the turbine 8 is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The turbine is then lifted by a crane ship. One end of the shaft core 82 is placed on the bearing seat 20 of the power generation platform 1 for connection, and the other end of the turbine shaft core 82 is placed on the bearing seat 20 of the shaft core platform 14 for connection. Step 5: After the diversion plate 9 is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The diversion plate is then lifted by a crane and lowered into place with both ends of the diversion plate 9 aligned with the openings 72 of the arc-shaped seats 71 of the two diversion plate uprights 79. The arc-shaped seats 71 support the weight of the diversion plate 9, and the position of the diversion plate 9 remains unchanged, so that the diversion plate 9 forms a 45° angle with the direction of water flow. It cooperates with the herringbone-shaped diversion uprights 75 to divert water for the turbine 8. Step Six: After the water flow speed-increasing device 11 is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The device is then lifted by a crane ship. The two end plates of the water flow speed-increasing device 11 are aligned with the arc-shaped seat 71 slot 72 track of the power generation platform pile 76 and the approach bridge pile 78 and lowered. The switches of the motors 112 at both ends of the water flow speed-increasing device 116 are operated, and the two end cable assemblies 113 rotate simultaneously, causing the hollow triangular body 111 of the water flow speed-increasing device to rise and fall at any time, thereby accelerating the flow rate of the water entering the turbine impeller 81. Step 7: After the bridge plate 10 and high-pressure pipe 15 assembly is manufactured in the factory, the bridge plate and high-pressure pipe assembly are placed on a barge for transportation to the power plant site. The bridge plate 10 and high-pressure pipe 15 assembly is lifted by a crane ship. While the bridge plate 10 is being laid, the high-pressure pipe 15 under the bridge plate is connected to the approach bridge pile 78, the diversion plate pile 79 and the shaft core platform pile 77. Step 8: After the wind shield 83 is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power plant site. The wind shield 83 is lifted in batches by a crane ship and installed above the turbine 8. Step 9: Lay an underwater cable, with one end of the cable connected to the substation 5 on the power generation platform 1 and the other end connected to the power grid on shore.

[0057] When the piston 63 of the air compressor 6 moves up and down repeatedly and the piston ring 16 is severely worn, the piston ring 16 needs to be replaced.

[0058] The present invention also provides a piston ring replacement method for a super-large hydropower station, the steps of which include: Step 1: When the crankshaft (61) of the air compressor (6) is rotated to the highest point, a manual crane is set up on the top beam of the power generation workshop. The operation of the crane is used to stop the crankshaft (61) of the air compressor (6). At the same time, the clutch (67) between the crankshaft gear and the crankshaft is separated. When the piston ring (16) corresponds to the opening window (621) of the cylinder block (62), the piston ring (16) is fully exposed in the opening window (621). Step 2: Divide each layer of piston rings (16) into several segments as needed. Use a screwdriver and hammer to remove the old and worn piston rings (16) in sequence. Then use a screwdriver and hammer to insert the new piston ring segments into the opening window (621) at an angle. All piston rings (16) are inserted into the annular groove of the piston. Step 3: After the piston rings (16) are installed, the clutch (67) between the crankshaft gear and the crankshaft is engaged, a manual crane is installed on the top beam of the power generation workshop, the overhead crane is disengaged, and the air compressor (6) is put into normal use.

[0059] An opening window 621 is made at an appropriate position on the upper part of the vertical wall of the cylinder 62 of the air compressor 6. The height and width of the opening window 621 should be appropriate to make piston ring replacement more convenient. At the same time, it allows air to flow from the outside into the cylinder 62 from the bottom of the opening window, making the air chamber of the air compressor 6 more full and increasing the air compression ratio. This achieves two goals at once and improves economic efficiency.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for the purpose of describing order and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "communication," "docking," and "integration" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a pneumatic connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple," "multiple units," and "several" mean two or more.

[0062] Please note to all technical personnel: Although the present invention has been described according to the specific embodiments above, the inventive concept of the present invention is not limited to this invention. Any modifications that utilize the inventive concept will be included within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A super-large hydroelectric power station, characterized in that: It includes a pile, a power generation platform (1) installed on the pile, a shaft core platform (14), a power generation workshop (2) set on the power generation platform (1), and a steam turbine (3), a generator (4), a substation (5) and an air compressor (6) set in the power generation workshop (2). The left and right sides of the power generation platform (1) are equipped with water turbines (8) that are linked to the air compressor (6). Several air storage tanks (7) connected to the air compressor (6) are provided below the deck of the power generation platform (1). The air storage tanks (7) are also used to manufacture the pile and have supporting and gas storage functions. The pile is connected to the air compressor (6). The air storage tanks (7) and the pile are both connected to the steam turbine (3) and provide high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the steam turbine (3).

2. The ultra-large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water turbine (8) includes an impeller (81), a shaft core (82), and a shaft core gear ring (84). The shaft core platform (14) is located on the left and right sides of the power generation platform (1) and is used for mounting the shaft core (82). One end of the shaft core (82) is mounted on the power generation platform (1), and the other end is mounted on the shaft core platform (14). The air compressor (6) includes a crankshaft (61), a cylinder (62), and a piston (63) that is sealed and slidably mounted in the cylinder (62). The piston (63) has several piston rings (16) on its outer circumference. The upper part of the cylinder (62) has several piston rings arranged in a circumferential direction at appropriate positions. The cylinder body (62) has an opening window (621) for replacing piston rings (16), and two adjacent piston rings (16) are staggered vertically. A connecting rod (66) is provided between the crankshaft (61) and the piston (63) to connect the two. A top cover (68) is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder body (62). A bearing seat (69) for the crankshaft (61) to be rotatably installed is provided on the upper surface of the top cover (68). An opening (60) is provided in the middle of the top cover (68) to avoid the movement of the connecting rod (66) and the crankshaft (61). The cylinder body (62) has a one-way air inlet (64) and a one-way air outlet (65).

3. The ultra-large hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water turbine (8) lies horizontally on the surface of the flowing water, with the shaft core (82) at an appropriate height above the water surface and parallel to it. Part of the water turbine is in the water, and the other part is in the air. The impeller (81) of the water turbine faces the direction of the flowing water and is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. Under the force of the flowing water, the impeller (81) in the water drives the water turbine (8) to rotate, and the rotation of the water turbine (8) drives the shaft core gear ring (84) of the water turbine to rotate. The shaft core gear ring (84) is in contact with the air. A gear transmission assembly (13) is provided between the compressor (6) and the crankshaft (61) for linkage connection. A clutch (67) is provided at the end of the crankshaft (61). The gear transmission assembly (13) includes a crankshaft gear (131) mounted on the crankshaft (61) and several gears meshing with each other for transmission. The shaft core gear ring (84) drives the crankshaft (61) to rotate through the gear transmission assembly (13). The crankshaft (61) then drives the piston (63) to reciprocate linearly within the cylinder (62) through the connecting rod (66). The clutch (67) includes: A clutch disc (671) is mounted on the crankshaft (61) and has a recessed track (672) on its circumferential surface. The clutch disc (671) is linked to the crankshaft (61) and the clutch disc (671) is slidably mounted on the crankshaft (61). The crankshaft gear (131) is rotatably engaged with the crankshaft (61). The crankshaft gear (131) has a groove (673) on its side wall, and the clutch disc (671) has a protrusion (674) that matches the groove (673) on its side wall. The power generation platform (1) has a support (675) and a lever (676) that is oscillatingly mounted on the support (675). The front end of the lever (676) is inserted into the recessed track (672) on the circumferential surface of the clutch disc (671). The rear end of the lever (676) oscillates left and right to achieve a first state in which the clutch disc (571) engages with the crankshaft gear (131) and the crankshaft (61) rotates synchronously, and a second state in which the crankshaft (61) is disengaged from the crankshaft gear (131) and the crankshaft gear (131) is decoupled from the clutch disc (571).

4. The ultra-large hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet (64) and air outlet (65) are located at the bottom of the cylinder body (62). The air inlet (64) is equipped with a vertical check valve (641), and the air outlet (65) is equipped with a swing check valve (642). An air outlet pipe (651) is provided between the air outlet (65) and the air storage tank (7). The air outlet pipe (651) is connected to multiple air storage tanks (7) and multiple vertical piles. The air outlet pipe (651) is equipped with a gate valve.

5. The ultra-large hydroelectric power station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air storage tank (7) is a hollow cylindrical shape, arranged horizontally in the longitudinal direction. The piles include diversion piles (75), approach bridge piles (78), diversion plate piles (79), shaft core platform piles (77), and power generation platform piles (76). The diversion piles (75), approach bridge piles (78), diversion plate piles (79), shaft core platform piles (77), and power generation platform piles (76) are all hollow cylindrical and connected by pipes. They are arranged vertically and have conical pile tips at their bottom. The air storage tank is equipped with an inlet valve (90) and an outlet valve (91). A main pipe (93) for high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow and a main valve (94) for controlling the on / off state are provided between the air storage tank and the turbine. The main pipe (93) is equipped with a safety valve and a venting valve.

6. The ultra-large hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft core (82) is provided with braking mechanisms at both ends, and the braking mechanisms include: Rotate the cylindrical disk (821), which is coaxially mounted at both ends of the shaft core (82); The rotating cylindrical disc (821) is covered by two arc-shaped brake pads (822), and the lower part of the two arc-shaped brake pads (822) is movably connected to the pin (827) by a lug (828); The upper end of the arc-shaped brake pad (822) is provided with nuts (823) that are fixedly installed and rotate in opposite directions. A screw (824) is provided between the nuts (823) and is threadedly engaged with them. A handle (825) is provided at the end of the screw (824). The handle (825) rotates to drive the nuts (823) to move towards or away from each other on the screw (824), thereby controlling the arc-shaped brake pad (822) to clamp or release the rotating cylindrical disc (821). The arc-shaped brake pad (822) is connected to a tension stop (826), which is fixedly installed on the power generation platform and the shaft core platform.

7. The ultra-large hydropower station according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power generation platform (1) is provided with diversion plates (9) at the four corners; the front and rear diversion piles (75) of the power generation platform (1) are arranged in a herringbone shape and cooperate with the diversion plates (9) to divert water for the turbine (8); A water flow acceleration device (11) is provided between the power generation platform (1) and the diversion plate (9), and the water flow acceleration device (11) includes: A hollow triangular prism (111) floats horizontally on the water surface and rises and falls with the water level; A power mechanism is installed at both ends of the hollow triangular body (111); The hollow triangular body (111) has an extended inclined plate (117) on its inclined surface. The hollow triangular body (111) has upright plates (116) at both ends, the outer circumference of the upper part of the approach bridge pile (78) is provided with arc-shaped seats (71), the outer circumference of the upper part of the power generation platform pile (76) is provided with arc-shaped seats (71), and the arc-shaped seats (71) are provided with slotted (72) tracks for the upright plates at both ends of the hollow triangular body (111) to be inserted and matched. The power mechanism includes an electric motor (112), a winch assembly (113), and a pulley block (114). The electric motor (112) can control the lifting and lowering of the hollow triangular body (111) through the pulley block (114) and the winch assembly (113).

8. The ultra-large hydroelectric power station according to claim 5, characterized in that: Bridge plates (10) are provided between the power generation platform (1) and the approach bridge piles (78), the diversion plate piles (79) and the core platform piles (77). A high-pressure pipe (15) is provided below the bridge plate (10). Multiple vertical plates (17) are provided between the bridge plate (10) and the high-pressure pipe (15) for connection and reinforcement. The high-pressure pipe (15) is used to connect the approach bridge piles (78), the diversion plate piles (79) and the core platform piles (77).

9. A construction method for an ultra-large hydroelectric power station, characterized in that, The steps include: Step 1: Select a suitable construction location and drive the air storage tank as the diversion pile (75), the approach bridge pile (78), the diversion plate pile (79), the shaft core platform pile (77), and the power generation platform pile (76) to make it protrude from the water surface at an appropriate height; Step 2: The power generation platform (1), power generation workshop (2), steam turbine (3), generator (4), substation (5) and air compressor (6) of the hydroelectric power station are all manufactured in the factory and integrated into one unit. The power generation platform (1) floats on the water surface. The power generation platform (1) is dragged to the power station site by a tugboat and lifted by a crane boat and placed on the power generation platform pile (76) in Step 1 for connection. Step 3: After all the shaft core platform (14) and components of the hydroelectric power station are manufactured in the factory, the shaft core platform (14) is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. It is then lifted by a crane ship and placed on the shaft core platform erection pile (77) in Step 1 for connection. Step 4: After the turbine (8) is manufactured in the factory, it is transported on a barge to the power station site. The turbine is lifted by a crane ship, and one end of the shaft core (82) is placed on the bearing seat (20) of the power generation platform (1) for connection. The other end of the turbine shaft core (82) is placed on the bearing seat (20) of the shaft core platform (14) for connection. Step 5: After the diversion plate (9) is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The diversion plate is lifted by a crane ship and lowered into place with both ends aligned with the openings (72) of the arc-shaped seats (71) of the two diversion plate pillars (79). The arc-shaped seats (71) support the weight of the diversion plate (9). The position of the diversion plate (9) remains unchanged, so that the diversion plate (9) forms a 45° angle with the direction of water flow. It cooperates with the herringbone-shaped diversion pillars (75) to divert water for the turbine (8). Step 6: After the water flow speed-increasing device (11) is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The water flow speed-increasing device is lifted by a crane ship. The two end plates of the water flow speed-increasing device (11) are aligned with the arc-shaped seat (71) of the power generation platform pile (76) and the approach bridge pile (78) and the track is lowered. The switches of the motors (112) at both ends (116) of the water flow speed-increasing device are operated, and the two end cable assemblies (113) rotate simultaneously, so that the hollow triangular body (111) of the water flow speed-increasing device can be raised and lowered at any time, so that the water flow speed entering the turbine impeller is accelerated. Step 7: After the bridge plate (10) and high-pressure pipe (15) assembly is manufactured in the factory, the bridge plate and high-pressure pipe assembly is placed on a barge for transportation to the power plant site. The bridge plate (10) and high-pressure pipe (15) assembly is lifted by a crane ship. While laying the bridge plate (10), the high-pressure pipe (15) under the bridge plate is connected to the approach bridge piles (78), the diversion plate piles (79), and the core platform piles (77). Step 8: After the wind shield (83) is manufactured in the factory, it is placed on a barge for transportation to the power station site. The wind shield (83) is lifted in batches by a crane ship and installed above the turbine (8). Step 9: Lay an underwater cable, with one end of the cable connected to the substation (5) on the power generation platform (1) and the other end connected to the power grid on shore.

10. A method for replacing piston rings in an ultra-large hydroelectric power station, characterized in that, The steps include: Step 1: When the crankshaft (61) of the air compressor (6) is rotated to the highest point, a manual crane is set up on the top beam of the power generation workshop. The operation of the crane is used to stop the crankshaft (61) of the air compressor (6). At the same time, the clutch (67) between the crankshaft gear and the crankshaft is separated. When the piston ring (16) corresponds to the opening window (621) of the cylinder block (62), the piston ring (16) is fully exposed in the opening window (621). Step 2: Divide each layer of piston rings (16) into several segments as needed. Use a screwdriver and hammer to remove the old and worn piston rings (16) in sequence. Then use a screwdriver and hammer to insert the new piston ring segments into the opening window (621) at an angle. All piston rings (16) are inserted into the annular groove of the piston. Step 3: After the piston rings (16) are installed, the clutch (67) between the crankshaft gear and the crankshaft is engaged, a manual crane is installed on the top beam of the power generation workshop, the overhead crane is disengaged, and the air compressor (6) is put into normal use.

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