Hybrid fluorine targeted intervention and intelligent regulation method for pyrolysis process of retired power battery

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of pyrolysis process hybrid fluorine of decommissioned power battery targeted intervention and intelligent control method.The method is under inert atmosphere condition to the decommissioned power battery material is pyrolyzed processing, polyvinylidene fluoride binder occurs melting and forms liquid film structure in pyrolysis process;While applying acoustic cavitation to pyrolysis reaction system, the physical disturbance to molten liquid film and its interface reaction environment is carried out, to weaken the resistance of liquid film to fluorine element migration.By real-time acquisition temperature field parameters and fluorine-containing gas characteristic signal in pyrolysis process, the generation risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant is analyzed on line, and according to the analysis result, the intensity of acoustic cavitation is dynamically adjusted, so as to realize the targeted intervention and intelligent control to the generation behavior of hybrid fluorine pollutant in pyrolysis process.The method of the application can effectively control the generation of hybrid fluorine pollutant without significantly increasing the pyrolysis temperature or prolonging the processing time, and has good engineering applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of resource recycling and pollution control technology for retired power batteries, and in particular to a targeted intervention and intelligent control method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of retired power batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, a large number of power batteries are being retired after their capacity decays below the required usage levels. These retired power batteries are gradually becoming significant solid waste with both resource value and environmental risks. Among them, lithium iron phosphate and nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium power batteries occupy a high market share due to their high safety, low cost, and long cycle life, and their number of retired batteries continues to grow. The cathode materials in these types of power batteries typically contain metal elements, and polyvinylidene fluoride is used as a binder, leaving behind fluorinated electrolyte components. These components are prone to causing fluoride pollution during subsequent recycling and processing.

[0003] In existing power battery recycling processes, pyrolysis is typically used as a pretreatment step in hydrometallurgical or material regeneration processes. This involves heating the battery materials in an inert or low-oxygen atmosphere to decompose organic components and dissociate electrode materials. However, during pyrolysis, fluorinated polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) melt within a specific temperature range, forming a liquid film that coats the electrode particles. This liquid film not only hinders the migration and release of fluorine from the pyrolysis products but may also create a locally high-fluorine-concentration environment, thereby promoting complex reactions between fluorine and transition metal surfaces.

[0004] Existing research indicates that under the aforementioned pyrolysis conditions, in addition to generating gaseous fluorides such as hydrogen fluoride, fluorine may also combine with transition metals and carbon skeletons in the electrode materials to form highly stable organic-inorganic hybrid fluorine compounds. These hybrid fluorine contaminants are difficult to remove during subsequent wet leaching or material regeneration processes, easily remaining in the recycled materials, thus affecting material performance and increasing the environmental risks of the recycling process. Currently, there are no effective engineering solutions for the formation mechanism and control methods of these hybrid fluorine compounds.

[0005] To address the issue of fluorine contamination during the pyrolysis process of power batteries, existing technologies mainly employ methods such as increasing the pyrolysis temperature, extending the processing time, or installing absorption devices at the exhaust gas end. However, these methods often suffer from high energy consumption, significant metal element loss, or limitations in treating gaseous fluorides compared to solid-phase or interfacial reactions. Furthermore, existing pyrolysis processes often operate with fixed process parameters, lacking real-time sensing and dynamic adjustment mechanisms for fluorine contaminant formation during pyrolysis, making it difficult to effectively suppress the formation of hybrid fluorine contaminants while ensuring recovery efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in existing pretreatment processes for retired power batteries, such as the fluorinated binder molten liquid film hindering fluorine migration, easily inducing transition metals and organofluorine groups to form stable hybrid fluorine pollutants, and the high energy consumption, limited control methods, and difficulty in achieving dynamic process optimization of existing control approaches, this invention aims to provide a method for in-situ intervention and dynamic control of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation during the pyrolysis of retired power batteries. This method aims to reduce the amount of hybrid fluorine pollutants generated and improve the environmental safety of the recycling process. Another objective of this invention is to effectively disturb the structure of the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) molten liquid film by adjusting the interfacial reaction environment during pyrolysis, without significantly increasing the pyrolysis temperature or extending the treatment time. This weakens the film's hindering effect on fluorine migration and release, thereby inhibiting the formation of hybrid fluorine pollutants and improving the adaptability and stability of subsequent resource recovery processes.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this invention provides a targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of retired power batteries. The method is applied to the pyrolysis treatment of retired power battery materials containing polyvinylidene fluoride binders and includes the following steps:

[0008] 1) The positive electrode material of retired power batteries is subjected to controlled heating pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere. During this process, polyvinylidene fluoride melts and forms a molten liquid film that coats the electrode particles.

[0009] 2) During the pyrolysis process, an acoustic cavitation field is applied simultaneously. The microjets and transient impacts generated by acoustic cavitation disrupt the structure of the molten liquid film, thereby weakening the film's ability to impede the migration of fluorine.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes intelligent control methods, comprising the following steps:

[0011] 3) Real-time acquisition of temperature field parameters and characteristic signals of fluorine-containing gas generation during the pyrolysis process, and online prediction of the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant generation based on the acquired data;

[0012] 4) The output parameters of the acoustic cavitation field are dynamically adjusted according to the prediction results to suppress the generation of hybrid fluorine pollutants, thereby achieving targeted intervention and intelligent control of hybrid fluorine pollutants during pyrolysis.

[0013] Furthermore, the retired power battery is a lithium iron phosphate power battery or a ternary lithium power battery, and the hybrid fluorine contaminant includes organic-inorganic hybrid fluorine complexes containing iron-fluorine-carbon bonds.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature range of the pyrolysis process is 300-600℃, of which the critical temperature range for polyvinylidene fluoride to melt and form a continuous liquid film is 400-500℃.

[0015] Furthermore, the acoustic cavitation field is generated by a piezoelectric transducer with an acoustic frequency of 15-40 kHz and an output power of 50-200 W. The acoustic cavitation effect occurs synchronously with the temperature field during the pyrolysis process.

[0016] Furthermore, the real-time acquired temperature field parameters include time-series data of temperature fields at multiple locations within the reactor acquired during the pyrolysis process, and the characteristic signals of fluorine-containing gas generation include hydrogen fluoride concentration and its rate of change.

[0017] Furthermore, the online prediction of the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation is achieved through a machine learning model, which includes: a recurrent neural network model for time-series temperature field prediction, whose input is time-series temperature field data collected at multiple locations within the reactor during pyrolysis, and whose output is a temperature field prediction result characterizing the temperature evolution trend of the pyrolysis process; and a classification model for risk discrimination of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation, whose input includes at least the temperature field prediction result and the temperature variation coefficient extracted from the time-series temperature data at multiple locations, as well as the hydrogen fluoride concentration and its rate of change characteristics collected during pyrolysis, and whose output is a discrimination result or risk probability value for the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation.

[0018] Furthermore, the recurrent neural network model is a lightweight long short-term memory network model, and the classification model is a random forest model based on temperature field prediction results, temperature variation coefficient, and hydrogen fluoride concentration and its rate of change characteristics.

[0019] Furthermore, when the predicted probability of the risk of hybrid fluorine contaminant formation reaches a preset threshold, the output power of the acoustic cavitation field is adjusted in stages through closed-loop control. The adjustment intensity of the output power is related to the predicted probability according to a predetermined rule, such as linear or step adjustment, so as to achieve directional breakage of the molten liquid film.

[0020] Furthermore, the closed-loop control method includes a proportional-integral-derivative control method, and the adjustment range of the acoustic cavitation field output power is ±5-15% of the current power.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, without relying on simply increasing the pyrolysis temperature or extending the processing time, in-situ intervention can be achieved in the generation behavior of hybrid fluorine pollutants during the pyrolysis process of retired power batteries, so that the pyrolysis process can maintain the material dissociation effect while having the ability to regulate the generation of hybrid fluorine pollutants.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) This invention introduces acoustic cavitation during the pyrolysis of retired power batteries to physically disturb the liquid film structure formed by the melting of polyvinylidene fluoride binder, effectively weakening the hindrance effect of the molten liquid film on the migration and diffusion of fluorine elements, and reducing the possibility of hybrid fluorine pollutants being generated in the pyrolysis interface region from the source.

[0024] 2) This invention combines real-time acquisition and analysis of process parameters during pyrolysis, and dynamically adjusts the intensity of acoustic cavitation based on changes in the risk of hybrid fluorine contaminant formation, so that intervention measures can match the state of the pyrolysis process, avoiding the problems of overtreatment or insufficient control caused by using fixed process parameters.

[0025] 3) This invention achieves regulation of hybrid fluorine pollutant generation behavior without relying on significantly increasing pyrolysis temperature or extending processing time, which is beneficial to reducing energy consumption in the pyrolysis process, reducing the risk of metal element loss caused by high-temperature processing, and improving the stability of the recycling process of retired power batteries.

[0026] 4) The targeted intervention and intelligent control method provided by the present invention is applicable to the existing power battery pyrolysis process and can be implemented without major modifications to the original pyrolysis equipment structure. It has good process compatibility and engineering application potential. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the method for targeted intervention and intelligent control of hybrid fluorine pollutants in the pyrolysis process of retired power batteries according to the present invention. It is used to illustrate the logical relationship between pyrolysis treatment, acoustic cavitation intervention, process parameter acquisition and dynamic control.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interface formed by the molten film of polyvinylidene fluoride binder during the pyrolysis process in an embodiment of the present invention and its disturbance under the action of acoustic cavitation. It is used to illustrate the retardation effect of the molten film on the migration of fluorine and the physical intervention of acoustic cavitation on the liquid film structure.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the acoustic cavitation and process parameter feedback control in an embodiment of the present invention, used to illustrate the connection relationship and information interaction method between the acoustic transducer, temperature sensor, fluorine-containing gas detection device and control unit.

[0031] Figure 4 The local fluorine content and surface morphology characteristics of black powder before and after acoustic cavitation intervention in the embodiments of the present invention are used to represent the changes in the characteristics of the products before and after acoustic intervention in pyrolysis. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for targeted intervention of hybrid fluorine contaminants during the pyrolysis process of decommissioned lithium iron phosphate power batteries under intermittent pyrolysis conditions. (See also...) Figure 2 .

[0035] First, the retired lithium iron phosphate power batteries are disassembled, and the outer casing, electrolyte, and separator are removed. The obtained cathode material is then crushed and sieved to obtain cathode black powder with uniform particle size. The cathode black powder is then loaded into the reaction boat of a tubular pyrolysis reactor, and the reaction boat is placed in the reactor's constant temperature zone.

[0036] The pyrolysis reactor was started, and the temperature was increased under an argon protective atmosphere at a rate of 5°C / min. Once the temperature reached 450°C, it was maintained at a constant temperature, causing the polyvinylidene fluoride binder in the positive electrode material to soften and gradually melt, forming a coating molten liquid film structure on the surface of the electrode particles. This molten liquid film significantly inhibits the migration and release of fluorine during pyrolysis.

[0037] A piezoelectric acoustic transducer is installed in the axial center of the pyrolysis reactor, and an acoustic wave generator is simultaneously activated during the pyrolysis heating process to apply acoustic cavitation with a frequency of 20 kHz and an output power of 100 W, so that the acoustic wave action area covers the reaction area where the cathode material is located. The acoustic wave induces the generation and collapse of cavitation bubbles in the molten liquid film and its adjacent area, thereby forming microjets and transient impacts locally, which physically disturb the molten liquid film structure.

[0038] During pyrolysis, temperature changes in the reaction zone are collected by multiple thermocouples installed within the reactor, and the generation of fluorine-containing gases, primarily hydrogen fluoride concentration and the rate of change of fluoride ions, is monitored by a fluorine-containing gas detection device installed at the tail gas outlet. By combining the real-time collected temperature and gas characteristic signals with changes in the temperature field during pyrolysis, the risk of hybrid fluorine contaminant formation is analyzed and predicted in real time. This allows for the continuous application of acoustic cavitation during the isothermal phase of pyrolysis, maintaining the molten liquid film in a discontinuous or unstable state, thereby intervening in the formation behavior of hybrid fluorine contaminants. Under the above conditions, the solid-phase products after pyrolysis are analyzed for fluorine speciation using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), such as... Figure 4 As shown, the local enrichment of fluorine in the black powder within the molten liquid film region was significantly reduced, decreasing from 19.75 wt.% to 2.02 wt.%, indicating a relative decrease in the proportion of hybrid fluorine existing in the form of metal-fluorine-carbon bonds in the solid-phase products. Simultaneously, the hydrogen fluoride concentration in the pyrolysis tail gas exhibited a more stable release characteristic with the introduction of acoustic cavitation, indicating that the molten liquid film structure was effectively disturbed.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further provides a method for controlling hybrid fluorine contaminants during the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries based on dynamic adjustment of process parameters. (See [link to previous embodiment]). Figure 3 .

[0041] The pretreated cathode material from retired lithium iron phosphate power batteries was placed in a closed pyrolysis reactor and subjected to programmed heating under an inert atmosphere, with the pyrolysis temperature controlled within the range of 400-500℃. As the temperature increased, axial and radial temperature gradients formed within the reactor, resulting in differences in the degree of melting of the polyvinylidene fluoride binder in different regions, and the formation of continuous molten liquid films in localized areas.

[0042] During pyrolysis, acoustic cavitation is applied to the reactor interior via an acoustic transducer installed on the outer wall of the reactor. The acoustic frequency is set to 25 kHz, and the output power is adjustable from 80 to 150 W. The acoustic waves act on the molten liquid film region, causing the liquid film to periodically break up and reconstruct during pyrolysis.

[0043] Simultaneously, temperature data from multiple locations within the reactor are collected in real time using a temperature sensor array, and the real-time concentration and change signals of fluorine-containing gas during pyrolysis are collected at the exhaust gas outlet. These collected process parameters are input to the hybrid fluorine formation risk assessment module. The assessment first extracts characteristic parameters characterizing the temperature distribution during pyrolysis based on the collected multi-location temperature data. These characteristic parameters include at least the temperature gradient, temperature fluctuation amplitude, or temperature variation coefficient between different locations within the reactor. Simultaneously, characteristic parameters characterizing the fluorine-containing gas release trend are extracted based on the change in fluorine-containing gas concentration over time. These characteristic parameters include at least the instantaneous concentration value of the fluorine-containing gas and its rate of change. The assessment module uses the aforementioned temperature distribution characteristic parameters and fluorine-containing gas change characteristic parameters as input to comprehensively determine the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation and outputs the corresponding risk assessment result, indicating the level of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation risk under the current pyrolysis conditions.

[0044] When the probability value of hybrid fluorine formation output by the judgment module is higher than the preset threshold, the control unit increases the output power of the acoustic transducer to enhance the disturbance to the molten liquid film and the interface reaction environment; when the probability value of hybrid fluorine formation is lower than the threshold, the control unit reduces the acoustic output power or intermittently applies acoustic cavitation (Table 1), thereby achieving dynamic matching between acoustic cavitation intensity and pyrolysis process state.

[0045] The judgment module includes a recurrent neural network model for temperature field time-series prediction, whose input is time-series temperature field data collected at multiple locations within the reactor during pyrolysis, and whose output is a temperature field prediction result characterizing the temperature evolution trend of the pyrolysis process; and a classification model for judging the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation, whose input includes at least the temperature field prediction result and the concentration and rate of change of fluorine-containing gas collected during pyrolysis, and whose output is a judgment result or risk probability value of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation risk.

[0046] In one embodiment, the recurrent neural network model is a lightweight long short-term memory network model, and the classification model is a random forest model based on spatiotemporal temperature field predictions, temperature variation coefficients, and hydrogen fluoride concentrations and their rate of change.

[0047] Table 1: Exemplary operating parameters of the pyrolysis process under different acoustic cavitation control modes

[0048]

[0049] Under the same pyrolysis temperature range (400-500℃), processing time, and material conditions, comparative experiments were conducted using the conventional pyrolysis method without acoustic cavitation, the fixed-power acoustic cavitation method, and the acoustic cavitation method based on dynamic adjustment of process parameters as described in this embodiment.

[0050] The formation of hybrid fluorine contaminants in the solid products obtained after pyrolysis was analyzed. The results showed that the amount of hybrid fluorine contaminants formed varied significantly under different methods. As an example, under a set of representative operating conditions, in the conventional pyrolysis method without acoustic cavitation, the amount of hybrid fluorine contaminants formed in the solid products was approximately 6.5-7.5 mg / g; when using the fixed-power acoustic cavitation method, the amount of hybrid fluorine contaminants formed was reduced to approximately 3.5-4.5 mg / g; and when using the dynamically adjusted acoustic cavitation method described in this embodiment, the amount of hybrid fluorine contaminants formed in the solid products was further reduced to approximately 1.5-2.5 mg / g.

[0051] Therefore, compared with conventional pyrolysis methods, the method described in this embodiment can reduce the amount of hybrid fluorine pollutants generated by more than 60%, and has a more significant suppression effect than the fixed power acoustic cavitation method. This indicates that acoustic cavitation intervention based on dynamic adjustment of process parameters has a better technical effect in suppressing the generation of hybrid fluorine pollutants.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] This embodiment provides a method for intelligent control of hybrid fluorine contaminants during the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries, applicable to continuous pyrolysis processes. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 .

[0054] The cathode material of retired power batteries is continuously fed into a rotary or pusher plate pyrolysis reactor for continuous pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere. The pyrolysis reactor forms multiple temperature zones along the material movement direction, with the overall pyrolysis temperature controlled within the range of 400-550℃. The medium-high temperature zone is the main area where the polyvinylidene fluoride binder may melt and form a liquid film.

[0055] Acoustic transducers are installed at multiple key locations along the length of the pyrolysis reactor to allow acoustic cavitation to cover the reaction sections where a molten liquid film may form. Each acoustic transducer may operate at the same or different frequencies, and its output power can be independently adjusted to suit the pyrolysis reaction conditions in different sections.

[0056] Temperature sensors and fluorine-containing gas detection devices are installed in different sections of the reactor to collect pyrolysis process parameters in real time, and the collected data is transmitted to an embedded control unit. The control unit trains a model and calibrates parameters based on historical operating data to predict the generation behavior of hybrid fluorine contaminants. Using the currently collected process parameters as input, it calls the aforementioned hybrid fluorine contaminant generation risk prediction model to predict the generation trend of hybrid fluorine contaminants in each section during continuous pyrolysis. Based on the prediction results, the output power of the acoustic transducers in the corresponding sections is adjusted accordingly.

[0057] Under continuous pyrolysis process conditions, a comparative operation was conducted using a conventional continuous pyrolysis method without acoustic cavitation and the zoned acoustic cavitation intelligent control method described in this embodiment. Under the same material feed rate, pyrolysis temperature range, and operating time, the solid products obtained during continuous operation were periodically sampled and analyzed.

[0058] The results show that in conventional continuous pyrolysis methods without acoustic cavitation, the average amount of hybrid fluorine contaminants generated in the solid products is approximately 7.0-8.5 mg / g, and it gradually increases with prolonged operation time, exhibiting significant fluctuations. However, when using the partitioned acoustic cavitation intelligent control method described in this embodiment, the average amount of hybrid fluorine contaminants generated in the solid products stabilizes at approximately 2.0-3.0 mg / g, with significantly reduced fluctuations during continuous operation. Compared to conventional continuous pyrolysis methods, the method in this embodiment can reduce the generation of hybrid fluorine contaminants by approximately 55-70% under continuous operation conditions and effectively inhibit the accumulation of hybrid fluorine contaminants during long-term operation, demonstrating its stable control advantages in continuous, large-scale pyrolysis processes.

[0059] By using the above-mentioned continuous pyrolysis and zoned acoustic cavitation control method, the polyvinylidene fluoride molten film is kept in a disturbed state during the pyrolysis process, reducing the risk of hybrid fluorine contaminant generation under continuous operating conditions, thereby enabling the pyrolysis process to have online and continuous hybrid fluorine contaminant control capabilities.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made based on the principles and design ideas disclosed in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of retired power batteries, characterized in that, The method is applied to the pyrolysis treatment of decommissioned power battery materials containing polyvinylidene fluoride binder, and includes the following steps: 1) The positive electrode material of retired power batteries is subjected to controlled heating pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere. During this process, polyvinylidene fluoride melts and forms a molten liquid film that coats the electrode particles. 2) During the pyrolysis process, an acoustic cavitation field is applied simultaneously. The microjets and transient impacts generated by acoustic cavitation disrupt the structure of the molten liquid film, thereby weakening the film's hindrance effect on the migration of fluorine. It also includes intelligent control methods, comprising the following steps: 3) Real-time acquisition of temperature field parameters and characteristic signals of fluorine-containing gas generation during the pyrolysis process, and online prediction of the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant generation based on the acquired data; 4) The output parameters of the acoustic cavitation field are dynamically adjusted according to the prediction results to suppress the generation of hybrid fluorine pollutants, thereby achieving targeted intervention and intelligent control of hybrid fluorine pollutants during pyrolysis.

2. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retired power batteries are lithium iron phosphate power batteries and ternary lithium power batteries. The hybrid fluorine pollutants generated during the pyrolysis of the lithium iron phosphate power batteries include organic-inorganic hybrid fluorine complexes containing iron-fluorine-carbon bonds.

3. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature range of the pyrolysis process is 300-600℃, and the critical temperature range for polyvinylidene fluoride to melt and form a continuous liquid film is 400-500℃.

4. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic cavitation field is generated by a piezoelectric transducer with an acoustic frequency of 15-40 kHz and an output power of 50-200 W. The acoustic cavitation effect occurs synchronously with the temperature field during the pyrolysis process.

5. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time acquired temperature field parameters include time-series data of temperature fields at multiple locations within the reactor collected during the pyrolysis process, and the characteristic signals of fluorine-containing gas generation include hydrogen fluoride concentration and its rate of change.

6. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that, The online prediction of the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation is achieved through a machine learning model, which includes: a recurrent neural network model for time-series temperature field prediction, whose input is time-series temperature field data collected at multiple locations within the reactor during pyrolysis, and whose output is a temperature field prediction result characterizing the temperature evolution trend of the pyrolysis process; and a classification model for risk discrimination of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation, whose input includes at least the temperature field prediction result and the temperature variation coefficient extracted from the time-series temperature data at multiple locations, as well as the hydrogen fluoride concentration and its rate of change characteristics collected during pyrolysis, and whose output is a discrimination result or risk probability value for the risk of hybrid fluorine pollutant formation.

7. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, The recurrent neural network model is a lightweight long short-term memory network model, and the classification model is a random forest model based on temperature field prediction results, temperature variation coefficient, and hydrogen fluoride concentration and its rate of change characteristics.

8. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the predicted probability of the formation risk of the hybrid fluorine contaminants reaches a preset threshold, the output power of the acoustic cavitation field is adjusted in stages through closed-loop control to achieve directional breakup of the molten liquid film.

9. The targeted intervention method for hybrid fluorine in the pyrolysis process of decommissioned power batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that, The closed-loop control method includes proportional-integral-derivative control, and the adjustment range of the acoustic cavitation field output power is ±5-15% of the current power.

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