Energy storage device and power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage device and a power supply system. The energy storage device comprises a box body, a battery cluster and an internal unit, the two sides, in the length direction of the box body, of the internal unit are each provided with a battery cluster, the internal unit comprises a cooling unit and a central control cabinet which are arranged in the height direction of the box body, and the cooling unit is connected with the battery clusters through circulating pipelines; the box body comprises a top wall and a peripheral side wall, the cooling unit is located between the top wall and the central control cabinet, a second opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the cooling unit, of the top wall in the height direction of the box body, and a first opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the cooling unit, of the peripheral side wall in the width direction of the box body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and more specifically, to an energy storage device and a power supply system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy storage industry, energy storage systems such as prefabricated energy storage cabins and energy storage containers have been widely used in the energy storage field due to their advantages such as high integration, flexible deployment, and convenient operation and maintenance. Taking a prefabricated energy storage cabin as an example, it includes a cabinet and main components such as battery modules, cooling units, and central control cabinets installed inside the cabinet. Among them, the cooling unit, as the core heat dissipation device inside the cabin, absorbs the heat generated by the battery modules and electronic components during operation through circulating coolant, and exhausts the heat outside the cabin through the air outlet of the cabinet using its own heat dissipation structure (such as cooling fans and heat dissipation fins), thereby maintaining the equipment inside the cabin within a suitable operating temperature range and ensuring the stable operation and service life of the energy storage system. However, the heat dissipation effect of existing energy storage systems, including prefabricated energy storage cabins and energy storage containers, still needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an energy storage device and a power supply system to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation in existing energy storage systems.

[0004] The energy storage device according to the present application embodiment includes a housing and a battery cluster and an internal unit disposed within the housing; The internal unit has battery clusters on both sides along the length of the housing. The internal unit includes a cooling unit and a central control cabinet arranged along the height of the housing. The cooling unit and the battery clusters are connected through a circulation pipeline. The enclosure includes a top wall and peripheral side walls. The cooling unit is located between the top wall and the central control cabinet. The top wall has a second opening at a position corresponding to the cooling unit in the height direction of the enclosure, and the peripheral side walls have a first opening at a position corresponding to the cooling unit in the width direction of the enclosure.

[0005] According to some embodiments of this application, the peripheral sidewall includes a second sidewall disposed opposite to the box body in the width direction, the cooling unit is provided with the second sidewall on both sides in the width direction of the box body, and each second sidewall is provided with the first opening at a position in the width direction of the box body corresponding to the cooling unit.

[0006] According to some embodiments of this application, in one of the second sidewalls, the first opening is provided with doors on both sides along the length of the housing, and the doors on both sides of the first opening correspond to the positions of the battery clusters on both sides of the cooling unit.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, each of the battery clusters includes a high-voltage box and multiple energy storage groups connected in series, and each energy storage group includes multiple energy storage modules connected in series.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the housing further includes a frame, the top wall and the peripheral side walls are connected to the frame, at least a portion of the frame constitutes an emission collection structure, the emission collection structure includes a collection channel and a collection inlet communicating with the collection channel; The battery cluster includes a battery pack and a guide member with a guide channel. The guide member is fixed to one side of the battery pack. The guide member has a second through hole at one end near the collection inlet. The second through hole is connected to the guide channel and the collection inlet. The guide channel is configured to guide the emissions ejected when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway through the second through hole and the collection inlet into the collection channel.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this application, the emission collection structure further includes a discharge port communicating with the collection channel.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, a one-way valve is provided at the discharge port or at a position near the discharge port in the collection channel.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the emission collection structure includes a column having a first hollow structure forming at least a portion of the collection channel, and the column having a collection inlet communicating with the first hollow structure.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the emission collection structure further includes a bottom beam and a top beam, the bottom beam and the top beam being arranged side by side in the height direction of the box, and the column being connected between the bottom beam and the top beam; The top beam has a second hollow structure, the first hollow structure is connected to the second hollow structure, the second hollow structure forms part of the collection channel, the first hollow structure forms part of the collection channel, and the top beam is provided with a discharge port connected to the collection channel.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the emission collection structure further includes a bottom beam connected to the column, the bottom beam having a third hollow structure, the third hollow structure communicating with the first hollow structure, and the third hollow structure forming a storage cavity.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, a sealing element is sandwiched between the side surface of the column where the collection inlet is located and the guide member. The sealing element has a through third through hole, which communicates with the second through hole and the collection inlet.

[0015] The power supply system of this application embodiment includes electrical equipment and the energy storage device described in any of the above claims, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of a prefabricated cabin in the existing technology.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a top view of two prefabricated modules arranged side by side in the existing technology.

[0020] Figure 4 This is another top view of two prefabricated modules arranged side by side in the existing technology.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front view of a prefabricated cabin according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated cabin body of an embodiment of this application from one perspective.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated cabin body of one embodiment of this application from another perspective.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single cell battery according to an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the frame of a prefabricated cabin according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 11 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the column, seal, and guide from one perspective.

[0028] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the column, seal, and guide components from another perspective.

[0029] Figure 13 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of its breakdown.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of a guide component according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 15 It is along Figure 8 A cross-sectional view with section AA in the middle, where the arrows indicate the direction of emission flow.

[0032] Figure 16 This is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between the column and the top beam.

[0033] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the sealing element clamped between the extension and the column.

[0034] Figure 18 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of the area at X2 in the middle.

[0035] Figure 19 This is an exploded view of an energy storage module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 20 This is an exploded view of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 21 yes Figure 19 Exploded view of the middle side plate, cold plate and end plate.

[0038] Figure 22 This is a perspective view of a side panel according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 23 This is a partial schematic diagram of the assembled reinforcement, side plates, end plates, and cold plates.

[0040] Figure 24 This is an exploded view of the reinforcing components, side plates, end plates, and cold plates.

[0041] Figure 25 yes Figure 21 A magnified view of the area at point X1.

[0042] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply system.

[0043] The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows: 10. Energy storage module; 10a. Battery cluster; 11. High voltage box; 12. Energy storage group; 100. Battery cell; 100a. Battery module; 110. Battery pack; 111. Single cell; 111a. Housing; 1111. Pressure relief mechanism; 1112. Terminal post; 1113. Terminal post row; 1114. Housing; 1115. End cap; 120. End plate; 121. Second flange; 122. Frame; 123. Horizontal rib; 124. Vertical rib; 130. Receiving cavity; 140. Cold plate; 141. Third flange; 142. Positioning protrusion; 150. Reinforcing member; 151. Slider; 160. Guide member; 160a. Guide channel; 161. Main body; 1611. First through hole; 1612. Pressing edge; 162. Extension; 1621. Second through hole; 170. Sampling assembly; 200, Side plate; 210, First flange; 220, Positioning groove; 230, Reinforcing rib; 240, Weight reduction hole; 250, Bending part; 251, Arc structure; 300. Housing; 300a. Frame; 300b. Emission collection structure; 301. Collection channel; 302. Collection inlet; 303. Discharge port; 304. Storage chamber; 305. Second opening; 306. First opening; 307. One-way valve; 310. Bottom beam; 311. Second insertion hole; 320. Top beam; 321. First insertion hole; 330. Column; 340. Top wall; 350. First side wall; 350a. Peripheral side wall; 360. Second side wall; 361. Door; 370. Support rail; 380. Bottom wall; 391. Top edge beam; 392. Bottom edge beam; 393. Longitudinal beam; 394. Transition beam; 410. Sealing element; 411. Third through hole; 500. Internal unit; 510. Cooling unit; 520. Central control cabinet; T1, first fastener; T2, second fastener; T3, third fastener; T4, fourth fastener; T5, fifth fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore their detailed description will be omitted.

[0045] It is understood that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or components inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0046] For ease of explanation, the terms "X-axis direction," "Y-axis direction," and "Z-axis direction" are used in the specific embodiments of this application. These terms simply refer to a feature having one of these directions being perpendicular to a feature having another direction; they do not require implementation according to the "X-axis direction," "Y-axis direction," and "Z-axis direction" described in the embodiments. In the embodiments, the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction are mutually perpendicular.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, in the claims and description, the terms “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of simplifying the description, and do not imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0048] Because the energy we need is highly time- and space-dependent, in order to utilize energy rationally and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to store one form of energy in the same way or by converting it into another, and then release it in a specific energy form based on future application needs. Currently, the main way to generate green electricity is to develop green energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power to replace fossil fuels.

[0049] Currently, the generation of green electricity generally relies on solar, wind, and hydropower. However, wind and solar power are generally characterized by strong intermittency and large fluctuations, which can cause grid instability, insufficient power during peak demand periods, and excessive power during off-peak periods. Unstable voltage can also damage the power grid. Therefore, insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid capacity may lead to the problem of "wind and solar curtailment." Solving these problems requires energy storage. This involves converting electrical energy into other forms of energy through physical or chemical means and storing it. When needed, this energy can be converted back into electrical energy and released. Simply put, energy storage is like a large "power bank," storing electrical energy when solar and wind power are abundant and releasing the stored electricity when needed.

[0050] Taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, this solution provides an energy storage device for use in energy storage systems. The energy storage device is equipped with a set of chemical batteries, which mainly use the chemical elements in the batteries as energy storage media. The charging and discharging process is accompanied by the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage media. Simply put, the electrical energy generated by wind and solar energy is stored in the chemical batteries. When the use of external electrical energy reaches its peak, the stored electricity is released for use, or transferred to places with a shortage of electricity for use.

[0051] Current energy storage applications are quite widespread, including generation-side energy storage, grid-side energy storage, and consumption-side energy storage. The corresponding types of energy storage devices include: (1) Large-scale energy storage power stations applied to wind power and photovoltaic power stations can help renewable energy power generation meet grid connection requirements and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. As a high-quality active / reactive power regulation power source on the power supply side, energy storage power stations can achieve load matching of power in time and space, enhance the absorption capacity of renewable energy, reduce instantaneous power changes, reduce the impact on the power grid, improve the absorption of new energy power generation, and are of great significance in power grid system backup, alleviating peak load power supply pressure and peak regulation and frequency regulation. (2) Energy storage containers applied on the grid side mainly function as peak shaving, frequency regulation and relief of grid congestion. In terms of peak shaving, they can realize peak shaving and valley filling of electricity load, that is, charging the energy storage battery when the electricity load is low and releasing the stored electricity during the peak electricity load period, thereby achieving a balance between power production and consumption. (3) Small energy storage cabinets applied to the electricity consumption side mainly function as self-consumption of electricity, peak-valley price arbitrage, capacity cost management, and improvement of power supply reliability. Depending on the application scenario, electricity consumption side energy storage can be divided into industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, household energy storage devices, energy storage charging piles, etc., which are generally used in conjunction with distributed photovoltaics. Industrial and commercial users can use energy storage for peak-valley price arbitrage and capacity cost management. In the electricity market implementing peak-valley pricing, by charging the energy storage system when the electricity price is low and discharging the energy storage system when the electricity price is high, peak-valley price arbitrage can be achieved, reducing electricity costs. In addition, industrial enterprises subject to two-part tariffs can use energy storage systems to store energy during off-peak hours and discharge during peak loads, thereby reducing peak power and the maximum demand declared, achieving the goal of reducing capacity costs. Household photovoltaics with energy storage can improve the level of self-consumption of electricity. Due to high electricity prices and poor power supply stability, the demand for household photovoltaic installations is driven. Given that photovoltaic power generation occurs during the day, while user load is generally higher at night, configuring energy storage can better utilize photovoltaic power, improve self-consumption levels, and reduce electricity costs. Furthermore, energy storage is needed in areas such as communication base stations and data centers for backup power.

[0052] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 1 Taking the shared energy storage scenario on the power generation / distribution side as an example, the energy storage device in this application is not limited to the power generation / distribution side energy storage scenario.

[0053] This application provides an energy storage system, comprising: a high-voltage cable 2, a first power conversion device 3, a second power conversion device 4, and the energy storage device 1 provided in this application. In some embodiments of the power generation scenario, the second power conversion device 4 can be a wind power conversion device. Since the electricity generated by wind power conversion is volatile, random, and intermittent, the unstable electricity output by the wind power conversion device can be stored in the energy storage device 1 through grid connection. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the high-voltage cable 2 and outputs smooth electricity to the power consumption side of the distribution network, realizing peak shaving and frequency regulation, and ensuring stable grid operation; or, the wind power conversion device is always connected to the high-voltage cable 2. High-voltage cable 2 connects the wind power conversion device to the power distribution network under normal power generation conditions. When the current power load is low and the wind power conversion device generates excess power, the excess power is first stored in energy storage device 1 to reduce wind and solar curtailment and improve the absorption of new energy power generation. When the power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the power stored in energy storage device 1 in conjunction with high-voltage cable 2 in grid-connected mode to the power consumption side. This provides the power grid with various services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup, giving full play to the peak shaving function of the power grid, promoting peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating the power supply pressure on the power grid.

[0054] In some embodiments on the distribution network side, the first power conversion device 3 can be a photovoltaic power conversion device. The energy storage device 1 is connected to the high-voltage cable 2 and installed downstream of the high-voltage cable 2 between the user load and the high-voltage cable 2. The power output of the photovoltaic power conversion device is stored in the energy storage device 1, which can respond in time to act as a backup power source when the power grid / distribution network fails. Alternatively, it can provide power supply support to alleviate line blockage when the high-voltage cable 2 transmission line is blocked, and to delay the economic pressure caused by the expansion of the power grid / distribution capacity when the power grid is planned to be expanded.

[0055] Optionally, the first power conversion device 3 may include, but is not limited to, a wind power conversion device, and the second power conversion device 4 may include, but is not limited to, a photovoltaic power conversion device. The first power conversion device 3 and the second power conversion device 4 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0056] Optionally, the energy storage device 1 may include, but is not limited to, energy storage applications such as energy storage power stations, hydropower / thermal / wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, smart home systems, or temporary power supply systems, and may also be applied in multiple fields such as data centers, military equipment, aerospace, charging piles, and electric vehicles.

[0057] Optionally, the energy storage device 1 may include, but is not limited to, a single battery cell, or a battery module, battery pack, battery cluster, power bank, energy storage cabinet / container, or other battery integrated system composed of single batteries. The actual application form of the energy storage device 1 provided in this application embodiment may be, but is not limited to, the listed products, and may also be other application forms. This application embodiment does not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage device 1. This application embodiment only uses a multi-cell battery as an example for illustration.

[0058] Taking energy storage device 1 as an example of a prefabricated energy storage module, in the existing structural design of prefabricated energy storage modules, such as Figure 2 As shown, the prefabricated compartment includes a housing 300' and multiple energy storage modules 10' and a cooling unit 510' housed within the housing 300'. The cooling unit 510' is located at one end of the multiple energy storage modules 10'. To simplify the manufacturing process, reduce costs, or for the purpose of independent operation of a single compartment, the air outlet 305' of the prefabricated compartment is located at one end of the housing 300' (such as the left or right end along the length of the housing 300'), and the exhaust direction of the air outlet 305' is usually perpendicular to the end face of the housing 300' (i.e., horizontally towards the outside of the compartment), and the cooling unit 510' is located inside the housing 300' on the side near the air outlet 305'. When the prefabricated compartment is deployed individually, normal exhaust can be achieved by relying on the open space around the compartment, which can basically meet the heat dissipation requirements of the cooling unit 510'; however, in the actual construction of energy storage power stations, in order to save land resources and improve site utilization, it is usually necessary to arrange multiple prefabricated compartments according to... Figure 3 When arranged side-by-side in a close configuration (e.g., sequentially along the length of the housing 300'), the design of placing the air outlet 305' and the cooling unit 510' at one end of the length of the housing 300' presents at least the following problems: Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, when two prefabricated modules are arranged side by side, due to the small gap t between the two modules' housings 300', the left end face of the right prefabricated module's housing 300' will block the air outlet 305' of the left prefabricated module's housing 300'. On the one hand, the hot air discharged from the left prefabricated module's air outlet 305' cannot diffuse smoothly to the external environment, but can only accumulate and flow back in the narrow space between the air outlet 305' and the right prefabricated module's side wall, resulting in the ineffective discharge of hot air from the left module. On the other hand, during continuous operation, the cooling unit 510' needs to continuously discharge the heat from the module through the air outlet 305'. However, due to the obstruction by the left end face of the right prefabricated module, the exhaust resistance of the air outlet 305' increases significantly, the fan load of the cooling unit 510' increases, and the exhaust efficiency decreases significantly, thus leading to a severe reduction in the cooling capacity of the cooling unit 510'. The heat absorbed by the coolant cannot be dissipated outside the cabin in time, causing the coolant temperature to rise. This reduces the temperature difference between the coolant and the equipment inside the cabin, decreases the heat exchange efficiency, and ultimately leads to a continuous rise in the cabin temperature.

[0059] Excessive internal temperature can trigger a series of chain reactions: First, the energy storage module 10' will experience a significant decrease in its charging and discharging performance and a substantial reduction in its cycle life when exposed to high temperatures for extended periods. This could even trigger thermal runaway, threatening the safety of the energy storage system. Second, components (such as chips and capacitors) in electronic devices such as the central control cabinet and PCS are sensitive to temperature. High temperatures can reduce their operational stability, making them prone to malfunctions and shutdowns, thus affecting the overall reliability of the energy storage system. Third, to maintain heat dissipation, the cooling unit 510' will operate under high load continuously, which not only increases energy consumption but also accelerates the aging of internal components (such as fans and water pumps), shortening their lifespan and increasing maintenance costs.

[0060] Currently, when the two prefabricated modules are arranged side by side, the end face of one module will block the air outlet 305' of the other module. The existing technology mainly adopts the following solutions to address this issue: One approach is to increase the spacing between adjacent prefabricated modules to avoid obstruction, but this significantly increases the land area required, contradicting the need for "high-density deployment" of energy storage power stations. Another approach is to install a wind deflector at the 305' outlet of one of the prefabricated modules to guide the hot airflow diagonally upwards or downwards; however, the wind deflector increases exhaust resistance, and in scenarios with densely packed multi-module layouts, the airflow from adjacent modules may still interfere with each other, failing to fundamentally solve the problem of poor airflow. A third approach is to follow... Figure 4The prefabricated modules are arranged as shown, with the air outlet 305' and cooling unit 510' of the left prefabricated module located on its left side, and the air outlet 305' and cooling unit 510' of the right prefabricated module located on its right side. This means the two prefabricated modules are designed in a mirror-symmetric manner. However, this requires designing two mirror-symmetric enclosures 300', and the materials inside the enclosures 300' must also be designed in a mirror-symmetric manner. This not only increases design costs but also the difficulty of material control and the complexity of on-site installation. Furthermore, the mirror-symmetric design is only suitable for two prefabricated modules arranged side-by-side. When three or more prefabricated modules are arranged side-by-side, the air outlet 305' of one prefabricated module will still be blocked by the adjacent module.

[0061] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new solution to address the shading problem when prefabricated modules are arranged side by side, ensure the cooling effect of the cooling unit, and guarantee the safe and stable operation of the energy storage prefabricated modules in densely deployed scenarios.

[0062] Based on this, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, this application embodiment provides an energy storage device, taking a prefabricated compartment as an example. The prefabricated compartment includes a housing 300 and battery clusters 10a and an internal unit 500 disposed within the housing. The internal unit 500 includes a cooling unit 510 arranged along the height direction of the housing 300 and a central control cabinet 520. Battery clusters 10a are respectively disposed on both sides of the internal unit 500 along the length direction of the housing 300, and the cooling unit 510 is connected to each battery cluster 10a through a circulation pipeline. The housing 300 includes a top wall 340 and peripheral side walls 350a. The cooling unit 510 is located between the top wall 340 and the central control cabinet 520. The top wall 340 has a second opening 305 at a position corresponding to the cooling unit 510 in the height direction of the housing 300, and the peripheral side walls 350a have a first opening 306 at a position corresponding to the cooling unit 510 in the width direction of the housing 300. The second opening 305 is the air outlet, and the first opening 306 is the air inlet.

[0063] Compared to the existing technology where the air outlet and cooling unit are located at one end of the housing, this embodiment arranges battery clusters 10a on both sides of the cooling unit 510, so that the cooling unit 510 is not located at one end of the housing 300. Furthermore, the top wall 340 has a second opening 305 at a position corresponding to the cooling unit 510 in the height direction of the housing 300, and the peripheral side wall 350a has a first opening 306 at a position corresponding to the cooling unit 510 in the width direction of the housing 300. When multiple housings 300 are arranged side by side, since the second opening 305 is located on the top wall 340 of the housing 300, the first opening 306 can normally intake air when the cooling unit 510 is working, and the open space above the top wall 340 can allow the second opening 305 to normally exhaust air. Therefore, the energy storage device of this embodiment does not have the problem of obstructing the second opening 305 that exists in the prior art. On the one hand, the second opening 305 of the housing 300 in this embodiment can continuously exhaust hot air, significantly improving the exhaust efficiency of the cooling unit 510, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling unit 510 inside the housing 300, enhancing the cooling effect, and ensuring that the energy storage module 10 and electrical components of the housing 300 can operate reliably. On the other hand, since there is almost no exhaust resistance at the second opening 305, the heat exchange efficiency inside the housing 300 is high, so the cooling unit 510 will not experience the problem of continuously operating at high load to maintain the heat dissipation effect, which not only reduces energy consumption but also extends the service life of the internal components of the cooling unit 510. Furthermore, due to multiple energy storage... When the devices are arranged side by side, the second opening 305 will not be blocked, so the housing 300 does not need to adopt a mirror symmetry design, thereby reducing design costs and material control difficulties, as well as reducing on-site assembly difficulties and improving assembly efficiency. Finally, the second opening 305 is located on the top wall 340, and the first opening 306 is located on the peripheral side wall 350a. The second opening 305 and the first opening 306 are located on different sides of the housing wall of the housing 300, so that the hot air discharged from the second opening 305 and the cold air at the first opening 306 are located on different sides of the housing wall. This can prevent the hot air discharged from the second opening 305 from mixing with the cold air at the first opening 306, further ensuring the cooling effect of the cooling unit 510.

[0064] Optionally, the box 300 can be a cuboid shape, with the length direction of the box 300 being the X-axis direction, the width direction of the box 300 being the Y-axis direction, and the height direction of the box 300 being the Z-axis direction.

[0065] In one embodiment, components such as grilles and louvers can be installed at the second opening 305 and the first opening 306 to simultaneously satisfy ventilation and protection.

[0066] It should be noted that the cooling unit 510 may include a liquid cooling component and a liquid storage tank. The liquid storage tank is connected to each energy storage module 10 through a circulation pipeline. The liquid storage tank stores a cooling medium, and the liquid cooling component is used to circulate and cool the cooling medium in the liquid storage tank. The cooled cooling medium in the liquid storage tank can circulate along the circulation pipeline to each energy storage module 10 to cool each energy storage module 10.

[0067] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the housing 300 also includes a bottom wall 380, a top wall 340, and the bottom wall 380 are arranged opposite each other along the Z-axis direction. The peripheral sidewall 350a includes a first sidewall 350 arranged opposite each other along the X-axis direction and a second sidewall 360 arranged opposite each other along the Y-axis direction.

[0068] Optionally, the peripheral sidewall 350a includes two first sidewalls 350 disposed opposite each other along the X-axis and two second sidewalls 360 disposed opposite each other along the Y-axis.

[0069] Specifically, the top wall 340 is connected to two second side walls 360 at both ends along the Y-axis and to two first side walls 350 at both ends along the X-axis. The bottom wall 380 is connected to the ends of the two second side walls 360 away from the top wall 340 at both ends along the Y-axis and to the ends of the two first side walls 350 away from the top wall 340 at both ends along the X-axis. The first side walls 350 are connected to the two second side walls 360 at both ends along the Y-axis and to the top wall 340 and bottom wall 380 at both ends along the Z-axis. The second side walls 360 are connected to the two first side walls 350 at both ends along the X-axis and to the top wall 340 and bottom wall 380 at both ends along the Z-axis.

[0070] In one embodiment, the cooling unit 510 is provided with second sidewalls 360 on both sides along the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the housing 300, and each second sidewall 360 is provided with a first opening 306 at a position corresponding to the cooling unit 510 in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the housing 300.

[0071] In this embodiment, by providing a first opening 306 at a position corresponding to the cooling unit 510 along the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the housing 300 on each second sidewall 360, on the one hand, multiple first openings 306 can increase the air intake, thereby introducing more cold air to exchange heat with the cooling unit 510 and improving the heat exchange efficiency; on the other hand, the two first openings 306 are arranged opposite each other in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the housing 300, and the second opening 305 is located on the top wall 340, forming a ventilation layout of "air intake on both sides + exhaust at the top" on the housing 300. The cooling unit 510 is located between the two first openings 306. The air intake on both sides can enable both sides of the cooling unit 510 to exchange heat with cold air, avoiding the temperature difference between the two sides of the cooling unit 510. In addition, according to the thermodynamic characteristics of air, hot air will rise naturally due to its low density, and the top exhaust follows this characteristic, accelerating the discharge of hot air inside the housing 300 and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0072] like Figure 6 As shown, a door 361 is provided on both sides of the first opening 306 in one of the second side walls 360 along the length direction (X-axis direction) of the housing 300. The door 361 on both sides of the first opening 306 corresponds to the position of the battery cluster 10a on both sides of the cooling unit 510.

[0073] In this embodiment, by providing cabinet doors 361 on both sides of the first opening 306 in the second side wall 360, it is convenient to repair or replace the energy storage module 10 inside the cabinet 300 after opening the cabinet doors 361.

[0074] Optionally, the cabinet doors 361 on both sides of the first opening 306 in the second side wall 360 can be double doors, single doors, etc., and this application does not limit them.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the battery clusters 10a inside the housing 300 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cooling unit 510 along the length direction (X-axis direction) of the housing 300.

[0076] Compared to an asymmetrical layout, in this embodiment, by placing the cooling unit 510 at the middle position of the housing 300 along the X-axis, and symmetrically arranging the battery clusters 10a on both sides of the cooling unit 510, on the one hand, the specifications of the battery clusters 10a on each side of the cooling unit 510 are uniform, which facilitates packaging, storage and transportation; on the other hand, during on-site assembly, the battery clusters 10a on both sides of the cooling unit 510 can simultaneously carry out tasks such as positioning, fixing and cable connection of the battery clusters 10a without interference, thus improving installation efficiency.

[0077] Please continue reading. Figure 5 The cooling unit 510 is located between the top wall 340 and the central control cabinet 520.

[0078] In this embodiment, the cooling unit 510 is closer to the top wall 340 of the housing 300 than the central control cabinet 520. In other words, the cooling unit 510 is closer to the second opening 305. Thus, the cooling unit 510 and the second opening 305 are not blocked by the central control cabinet 520, allowing the hot air after heat exchange with the cooling unit 510 to be directly discharged from the second opening 305, avoiding the hot air from being trapped inside the housing 300 and affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

[0079] It should be added that the central control cabinet 520 is responsible for receiving external instructions and breaking them down into specific operational tasks, coordinating the synchronous operation of equipment such as the cooling unit 510, battery cluster 10a, and power conversion system (PCS) to ensure that the system completes key processes such as charging, discharging, and heat dissipation as required.

[0080] Optionally, the central control cabinet 520 and the first opening 306 have overlapping orthographic projections on the first projection plane. The first projection plane is perpendicular to the Y-axis. This allows the cold air entering the enclosure 300 through the first opening 306 to cool the central control cabinet 520, preventing it from overheating and affecting its operational reliability.

[0081] In one embodiment, each battery cluster 10a includes a high-voltage box 11 connected in series and a plurality of energy storage groups 12, and each energy storage group 12 includes a plurality of energy storage modules 10 connected in series.

[0082] Unlike the prior art where one high-voltage box 11 corresponds to one energy storage group 12, in this embodiment, one high-voltage box 11 and multiple energy storage groups 12 are connected in series to form a battery cluster 10a, which greatly reduces the number of high-voltage boxes 11 and the total positive and negative wiring length, and significantly reduces costs.

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, each battery cluster 10a includes a high-voltage box 11 and two energy storage groups 12, which are arranged side by side along the X-axis, and each energy storage group 12 includes multiple energy storage modules 10 arranged side by side along the Z-axis. The high-voltage box 11 can be located below the two energy storage groups 12.

[0084] Of course, in other embodiments, the multiple energy storage modules 10 included in the energy storage group 12 can be arranged side by side along the X-axis direction, while the multiple energy storage groups 12 included in the battery cluster 10a can be arranged side by side along the Z-axis direction.

[0085] like Figure 8As shown, the energy storage module 10 of this application embodiment includes a battery module 100a, which includes a battery pack 110. The battery pack 110 includes a plurality of individual cells 111 arranged side by side along the Y-axis. The plurality of individual cells 111 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration. Here, a mixed configuration means that the plurality of individual cells 111 are connected in both series and parallel.

[0086] Specifically, the single-cell battery 111 can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this application does not specifically limit it.

[0087] like Figure 9 As shown, the single cell 111 includes a housing 111a, the housing 111a includes a shell 1114 and an end cap 1115. The shell 1114 has an opening, and the end cap 1115 is connected to the shell 1114 and closes the opening of the shell 1114 to isolate the internal environment of the single cell 111 from the external environment.

[0088] The housing 1114 is an assembly used to fit with the end cap 1115 to form a cavity for the single cell 111. The cavity formed after the housing 1114 and the end cap 1115 are connected can be used to accommodate electrode assemblies, electrolyte, and other components.

[0089] The housing 1114 can have various shapes and sizes. The shape of the housing 1114 can be determined according to the shape and size of the electrode assembly. In addition, the material of the housing 1114 can be selected from various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0090] End cap 1115 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 1114 to isolate the cavity of single cell 111 from the external environment. End cap 1115 may be provided with terminal post 1112, which is used to electrically connect with electrode assembly for outputting or inputting electrical energy of single cell 111.

[0091] In one embodiment, the end cap 1115 is provided with two terminals 1112, one of which is a positive terminal and the other is a negative terminal.

[0092] The electrode assembly is the component in the single cell 111 where electrochemical reactions occur. The electrode assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets to prevent internal short circuits. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the electrode body of the electrode assembly, while the portions without active material each constitute a tab. The positive and negative tabs can be located together at one end of the electrode body or separately at both ends. During the charging and discharging process of the single cell 111, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs connect to the terminals 1112 to form a current loop.

[0093] In one embodiment, the housing 111a is provided with a pressure relief mechanism 1111, which is used to release the internal pressure of the individual battery cell 111.

[0094] In one specific embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is disposed on the end cap 1115 and is located between the two pole posts 1112.

[0095] As an example, the internal pressure or temperature of a single cell 111 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when it reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the single cell 111 reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 actuates or a weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the release of internal pressure or temperature. The threshold design varies depending on design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in the single cell 111.

[0096] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be integrally formed with the housing 111a. For example, grooves are made on the housing 111a to form a weak structure, which serves as the pressure relief mechanism 1111.

[0097] As a modified embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can also be separately disposed from and connected to the housing 111a. For example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can be welded to the housing 111a or connected through other components. For example, grooves are provided on the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to form a weak structure.

[0098] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.

[0099] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the pressure relief mechanism 1111 being activated or reaching a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the individual battery cell 111. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism 1111 may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to form a venting channel, rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 1111, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism 1111 is actuated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the individual battery cell 111 are discharged outwards from the actuated portion as waste. This method allows for pressure and temperature relief of the individual battery cell 111 under controllable pressure or temperature conditions, thereby preventing more serious accidents.

[0100] The emissions from the single cell 111 mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0101] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the housing 300 also includes a frame 300a, a top wall 340, a bottom wall 380 and a peripheral side wall 350a connected to the frame 300a, and at least a portion of the frame 300a constitutes an emission collection structure 300b, which includes a collection channel 301 and a collection inlet 302 connected to the collection channel 301.

[0102] like Figure 8 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, the battery module 100a of this application embodiment also includes a guide member 160 with a guide channel 160a. The guide member 160 is fixed to one side of the battery pack 110. The guide member 160 has a second through hole 1621 at one end near the collection inlet 302. The second through hole 1621 is connected to the guide channel 160a and the collection inlet 302 respectively. The guide channel 160a is configured to guide the emissions released by each pressure relief mechanism 1111 to flow in the guide channel 160a and enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302.

[0103] The guide member 160 includes a main body 161 disposed on one side of the battery pack 110. The main body 161 has at least a partial guide channel 160a. The main body 161 covers the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each individual battery cell 111. In a first direction, the main body 161 has a first through hole 1611 at the position corresponding to each pressure relief mechanism 1111. The first through hole 1611 communicates with the guide channel 160a. That is, the pressure relief mechanisms 1111 of multiple individual batteries 111 of the battery pack 110 correspond to the positions of multiple first through holes 1611 of the main body 161. The first direction is the height direction or width direction of the battery pack 110, that is, the Z-axis direction or the X-axis direction.

[0104] When the single cell 111 is in a state of thermal runaway, the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of the single cell 111 is activated, and the emissions inside the single cell 111 are ejected through the pressure relief mechanism 1111. The guide channel 160a can guide the emissions to flow in the guide channel 160a and enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302.

[0105] Therefore, the energy storage device of this application embodiment provides a guide member 160 with a guide channel 160a on one side of the battery pack. The guide member 160 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 1611 corresponding to the positions of the pressure relief mechanisms 1111 of each individual battery cell 111, and a second through hole 1621 is provided at one end of the guide member 160. Furthermore, an emission collection structure 300b is formed in at least a portion of the frame 300a of the housing 300. The emission collection structure 300b includes a collection channel 301 and a collection inlet 302 communicating with the collection channel 301. This allows the emission generated by the individual battery cell 111 to be guided by the guide channel 160a to the second through hole 1621 at one end of the guide member 160 after being ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 in the event of thermal runaway of the individual battery cell 111. The emission then enters the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302. On the one hand, under the action of the guide channel 160a, the emissions ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can enter the collection channel 301 through the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302. The emissions will not spread to the area where other adjacent single cells are located, nor will they spread into the internal space of the housing 300, effectively reducing the risk of thermal spread and improving the safety of the energy storage device. At the same time, the emissions ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 directly enter the guide channel 160a after passing through the first through hole, and then enter the collection channel 301 through the guide channel 160a. The emissions will not overflow into the housing 300 during the entire flow process. This direct discharge structure improves the discharge efficiency of the emissions. On the other hand, since the emissions ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 do not enter the housing 300, but only flow along the guide channel 160a of the guide member 160, gas vortices will not be formed in the internal space of the housing 300. Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes at least a portion of the frame 300a to form the emission collection structure 300b, eliminating the need for mechanical components such as exhaust fans and intake fans as in the prior art. This saves material costs and reduces subsequent maintenance costs. Moreover, since this embodiment utilizes the frame 300a's own structure to form the emission collection structure 300b without introducing other electronic components, the operational reliability of this embodiment is higher.

[0106] like Figure 13 As shown, the battery module 100a also includes a cold plate 140, which is located on one side of the battery pack 110 and is used to cool down each individual cell 111 of the battery pack 110.

[0107] In an exemplary embodiment, the guide 160 and the cold plate 140 are located on both sides of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis direction.

[0108] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 10As shown, frame 300a includes two bottom beams 310, two top beams 320, two top edge beams 391, two bottom edge beams 392, and four longitudinal beams 393.

[0109] Two bottom beams 310 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction, and each bottom beam 310 extends along the X-axis direction. Two top beams 320 are arranged opposite each other in the Y-axis direction, and each top beam 320 extends along the X-axis direction. The two bottom beams 310 and the two top beams 320 are arranged opposite each other in the Z-axis direction in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0110] Each top edge beam 391 and each bottom edge beam 392 extends along the Y-axis direction. The two top edge beams 391 are arranged opposite each other in the X-axis direction. The two top edge beams 391 and the two top beams 320 are connected end to end in sequence to form a top rectangular frame. The two bottom edge beams 392 are arranged opposite each other in the X-axis direction. The two bottom edge beams 392 and the two bottom beams 310 are connected end to end in sequence to form a bottom rectangular frame.

[0111] The top rectangle and the bottom rectangle are set opposite each other in the Z-axis direction. Four longitudinal beams 393 are connected between the top rectangle and the bottom rectangle, and the four longitudinal beams 393 are respectively connected to the four corners of the top rectangle and the bottom rectangle.

[0112] Optionally, the frame 300a may also include a plurality of transition beams 394 extending along the Y-axis and connecting the two top beams 320.

[0113] like Figure 10 As shown, the frame 300a also includes a plurality of columns 330, each column 330 being connected between the top beam 320 and the bottom beam 310. In one embodiment, the columns 330 extend along the Z-axis direction.

[0114] In one embodiment, the column 330 has a first hollow structure, which forms at least a partial collection channel 301, and the column 330 is provided with a collection inlet 302 that communicates with the first hollow structure.

[0115] In this embodiment, the column 330 of the frame 300a is designed to participate in forming the emission collection structure 300b. The column 330 has a first hollow structure and a collection inlet 302. The first hollow structure forms at least a partial collection channel 301. Thus, when the single cell 111 is in a thermal runaway state, the emission ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can enter the first hollow structure of the column 330 under the guidance of the guide channel 160a of the guide member 160, achieving directional treatment of the emission. Compared with the prior art scheme of using a fan for exhaust, the column 330 of this embodiment, as part of the frame 300a, can simultaneously achieve the effects of "improving the structural strength of the frame 300a" ​​and "collecting emission", simplifying the overall structure of the housing 300, reducing the number of parts and assembly processes, and lowering production and maintenance costs. Furthermore, since the column 330 is vertically installed, the collection inlet 302 is installed on the column 330. This allows the second through hole 1621 of the guide 160 to be directly aligned with the collection inlet 302 of the column 330 after the energy storage module 10 is installed in the housing 300. This enables the exhaust material ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 to be ejected from the second through hole 1621 and directly enter the collection channel 301 through the collection inlet 302, without the need for an additional connecting component to connect the second through hole 1621 and the collection inlet 302. This further saves costs and reduces the number of components and assembly steps.

[0116] like Figure 16 As shown, the emission collection structure 300b also includes a vent 303 connected to the collection channel 301.

[0117] In this embodiment, the emission collection structure 300b also includes a vent 303, which enables the emission collection structure 300b to not only collect the emission into the collection channel 301, but also to discharge the gas included in the emission from the vent 303, thereby preventing a large amount of gas from remaining in the collection channel 301 and affecting the speed at which the emission enters the collection channel 301.

[0118] Optionally, the vent 303 is configured to discharge gases, including those contained in the emissions. Of course, the vent 303 can also discharge solids and / or liquids.

[0119] Please continue reading. Figure 16 In an exemplary embodiment, the top beam 320 has a second hollow structure, the first hollow structure is connected to the second hollow structure, the second hollow structure forms a partial collection channel 301, the first hollow structure forms a partial collection channel 301, and the top beam 320 is provided with a discharge port 303 connected to the collection channel 301.

[0120] In this embodiment, the vent 303 is set on the hollow top beam 320. On the one hand, the top beam 320 can simultaneously achieve the effects of "improving the structural strength of the frame 300a" ​​and "venting the emissions". One component has multiple uses, which simplifies the overall structure of the box 300, reduces the number of components and assembly processes, and lowers production and maintenance costs. On the other hand, the top beam 320 is set on the top of the frame 300a. Taking advantage of the characteristic that the gas can automatically float upward when it flows along the collecting channel 301, the gas included in the emissions can be discharged from the vent 303 on the top beam 320 without any driving force.

[0121] Optionally, the vent 303 can be located on the top surface of the top beam 320 or on the outer side of the top beam 320. The top surface of the top beam 320 refers to the side surface of the top beam 320 facing away from the bottom beam 310, and the outer side refers to the side surface of the top beam 320 facing away from the interior space of the housing 300.

[0122] Of course, the vent 303 can also be located in other positions on the frame 300a. For example: In a modified embodiment, the vent 303 may also be located on the column 330 near the top beam 320.

[0123] In another modified embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the transition beam 394 has a fourth hollow structure, which is connected to the second hollow structure of the top beam 320. The transition beam 394 is provided with a vent 303, the opening of which faces away from the bottom wall 380. The gas included in the emissions can be discharged through the vent 303 of the transition beam 394.

[0124] In one embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, a one-way valve 307 is provided at the vent 303 or in the collection channel 301 near the vent 303. The one-way valve 307 is configured to control the one-way flow of the gas included in the emission.

[0125] In this embodiment, the one-way valve 307 only allows the gas in the collecting channel 301 to be discharged through the vent 303, while preventing external gas from flowing into the collecting channel 301 through the vent 303, thus avoiding gas backflow.

[0126] In one embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, the top beam 320 is provided with a first insertion hole 321, which is connected to the second hollow structure of the top beam 320. The top of the column 330 is inserted into the first insertion hole 321, and the column 330 is welded to the top beam 320 so that the first hollow structure of the column 330 is connected to the second hollow structure of the top beam 320.

[0127] like Figure 17As shown, the emission collection structure 300b also includes a storage cavity 304 communicating with the collection channel 301. Optionally, the storage cavity 304 is configured to store liquids and / or solids included in the emissions.

[0128] The emissions ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 include not only high-temperature, high-pressure gases, but may also include electrolyte, dissolved or fragmented positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the separator, etc. When the emissions include liquids and / or solids such as electrolyte, dissolved or fragmented positive and negative electrode plates, and fragments of the separator, the liquids and / or solids are not easily discharged from the vent 303 due to their large weight. Furthermore, due to environmental protection requirements, liquids ejected during battery thermal runaway cannot be directly discharged into the external environment. Therefore, in this embodiment, the emission collection structure 300b also includes a storage cavity 304 communicating with the collection channel 301. When the emissions include solids and / or liquids, the storage cavity 304 can store these liquids and / or solids, preventing them from being directly discharged into the external environment, thus meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0129] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the bottom beam 310 has a third hollow structure that is connected to the first hollow structure. The third hollow structure forms a storage cavity 304, which is configured to store liquids and / or solids included in the discharge.

[0130] In this embodiment, the bottom beam 310 has a third hollow structure, thus forming a storage cavity 304 communicating with the collection channel 301. When the discharge includes liquids and / or solids, these liquids and / or solids will flow into the storage cavity 304 for storage under gravity. As part of the frame 300a, the bottom beam 310 can simultaneously achieve the effects of "improving the structural strength of the frame 300a" ​​and "storing discharges," simplifying the overall structure of the housing 300, reducing the number of parts and assembly steps, and lowering production and maintenance costs. Furthermore, since the bottom beam 310 is located at the very bottom of the frame 300a, the liquids and / or solids included in the discharges ejected by the pressure relief mechanism 1111 can flow smoothly into the storage cavity 304 solely by their own gravity, without the need for additional components to drive the flow of liquids and / or solids.

[0131] In one implementation, such as Figure 17 As shown, the bottom beam 310 is provided with a second insertion hole 311, which is connected to the third hollow structure of the bottom beam 310. The bottom end of the column 330 is inserted into the second insertion hole 311, and the column 330 is welded to the bottom beam 310 so that the first hollow structure of the column 330 is connected to the third hollow structure of the bottom beam 310.

[0132] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the first opening 306 and the vent 303 are located on different sides of the housing 300.

[0133] The first opening 306 allows cold air from outside the housing 300 to enter the housing 300, thereby cooling the cooling unit inside the housing 300. The vent 303 is used to discharge the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by battery thermal runaway. In this embodiment, the first opening 306 and the vent 303 are located on different sides of the housing 300 to prevent the high-temperature gas ejected from the vent 303 from mixing with the cold air outside the housing 300 before flowing into the housing 300 through the first opening 306, thus ensuring the cooling effect of the cooling unit.

[0134] In one embodiment, the housing 300 further includes a second opening 305. The first opening 306 and the second opening 305 are located on different sides of the housing 300, and the vent 303 and the second opening 305 are located on the same side of the housing 300. The second opening 305 is used to discharge the gas inside the housing 300 after heat exchange with the cooling unit.

[0135] In this embodiment, the first opening 306 and the second opening 305 are located on different sides of the housing 300. The hot air discharged from the second opening 305 and the cold air from the first opening 306 are located on different sides of the housing wall, which can prevent the hot air discharged from the second opening 305 from mixing with the cold air at the first opening 306, thus ensuring the cooling effect of the cooling unit. In addition, since both the second opening 305 and the vent 303 discharge hot air to the outside of the housing 300, compared to having the second opening 305 and the vent 303 located on different sides of the housing 300, this embodiment places the second opening 305 and the vent 303 on the same side of the housing 300, which can reduce the number of openings on the surface of the housing 300, thereby ensuring the continuity of the housing 300 structure and the integrity of the protection.

[0136] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 17 As shown, a sealing element 410 is sandwiched between the side surface of the column 330 where the collecting inlet 302 is located and the guide 160. The sealing element 410 has a through third through hole 411, which is connected to the second through hole 1621 and the collecting inlet 302.

[0137] In this embodiment, by providing a seal 410 between the column 330 and the guide member 160, leakage from the gap between the column 330 and the guide member 160 can be prevented as the discharge flows from the second through hole 1621 to the collecting inlet 302.

[0138] During assembly, the seal 410 can be bonded to the column 330 or the guide 160 by adhesive bonding. After the energy storage module 10 is installed in the preset position inside the housing 300, the seal 410 is sandwiched between the guide 160 and the column 330 to achieve a sealing effect.

[0139] Optionally, the seal 410 is an annular silicone foam.

[0140] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 18 As shown, the guide 160 also includes an extension 162 formed by bending one end of the main body 161 in the Y-axis direction. The main body 161 has a partial guide channel 160a, the extension 162 has a partial guide channel 160a, and a second through hole 1621 is provided in the extension 162.

[0141] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is bent at one end in the Y-axis direction to form an extension 162, so that the extension 162 can be bent in multiple directions. For example, after bending, the extension 162 extends in the first direction. In this way, without increasing the volume of the battery module 100a too much, the size of the extension 162 can be designed to be larger. When the second through hole 1621 is provided in the extension 162, the size of the second through hole 1621 can also be designed to be larger. The larger size of the second through hole 1621 is conducive to the timely discharge of the exhaust material from the second through hole 1621, avoiding blockage of the guide channel 160a.

[0142] This application does not impose any particular limitation on the shape of the second through hole 1621. Optionally, the shape of the second through hole 1621 can be rectangular, circular, elliptical, triangular, etc.

[0143] In one implementation, such as Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 17 The seal 410 is clamped between the surfaces of the extension 162 and the column 330 that face each other.

[0144] In this embodiment, since the extension 162 extends along the first direction after bending, the size of the extension 162 can be designed to be larger, and the area of ​​the side surface of the extension 162 facing the column is also larger. When the seal 410 is sandwiched between the surfaces of the extension 162 and the column 330 that face each other, the contact area between the extension 162 and the seal 410 is larger, so that the seal 410 can be sandwiched more stably between the extension 162 and the column 330.

[0145] In one embodiment, the extension 162 extends from the main body 161 along a first direction, and the extension 162 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the battery pack 110 on the first projection plane.

[0146] In this embodiment, the extension 162 is located on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Y-axis direction. That is, the extension 162 only occupies the space in the Y-axis direction of the battery module 100a, and does not occupy the space in the Z-axis direction of the battery module 100a. With this design, although the guide 160 is added to the battery module 100a, the overall shape of the battery module 100a still maintains a regular cuboid shape, which is convenient for subsequent grouping of the battery module 100a or assembling into battery clusters. Because the battery module 100a is a regular cuboid shape, the integration is higher after grouping or forming battery clusters, which is beneficial to improving energy density.

[0147] Furthermore, the advantage of designing the extension 162 on one side of the battery pack 110 is that when multiple energy storage modules 10 are arranged in an array inside the housing 300, the extension 162 of one energy storage module 10 will not interfere with the adjacent energy storage module 10. In this way, more energy storage modules 10 can be arranged inside the housing 300, further improving the energy density.

[0148] It should be noted that when a pressure relief mechanism 1111 is provided on one side of the single cell 111 along the Z-axis, the main body 161 is provided on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis, and the extension 162 extends from the main body 161 along the Z-axis; when a pressure relief mechanism 1111 is provided on one side of the single cell 111 along the X-axis, the main body 161 is provided on one side of the battery pack 110 along the X-axis, and the extension 162 extends from the main body 161 along the X-axis.

[0149] Optionally, the main body 161 is a rectangular plate structure, and the extension 162 is a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the main body 161 is parallel to the Y-axis direction. The main body 161 is laid on the top surface of the battery pack 110, that is, the larger surface area of ​​the main body 161 is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction.

[0150] Of course, in other embodiments, the guide 160 may also be a hollow tubular structure, such as a square tube.

[0151] In a modified embodiment, the guide 160 may not include the extension 162, but only the main body 161 extending along the Y-axis direction, with a second through hole 1621 at one end of the main body 161 along the Y-axis direction.

[0152] like Figure 18 As shown, in one embodiment, the opening of the second through hole 1621 faces away from the battery pack 110.

[0153] In this embodiment, since the opening of the second through hole 1621 faces away from the battery pack 110, when emissions are ejected from the second through hole 1621, the emission direction is away from the battery pack 110, thus preventing the emissions from contaminating the individual cells 111 of the battery pack 110. Furthermore, since the side of the extension 162 facing away from the battery pack 110 is not equipped with the battery pack 110, this side has a larger operating space, making it convenient to install equipment for collecting and processing emissions near the second through hole 1621.

[0154] like Figure 13 and Figure 18 As shown, the battery pack 110 has end plates 120 at both ends along the Y-axis, and the main body 161 is fixedly connected to the end plates 120. The extension 162 is located on the side of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110.

[0155] In this embodiment, by connecting the main body 161 to the end plate 120, the stability of the relative position of the guide member 160 with respect to each individual battery cell 111 of the battery pack 110 can be ensured. This avoids the problem that the pressure relief mechanism 1111 of each individual battery cell 111 cannot be aligned with the first through hole 1611 of the guide member 160 due to misalignment of the guide member 160 with respect to the battery pack 110, thereby preventing the problem that the emissions generated in the event of thermal runaway of the individual battery cell 111 cannot flow into the guide channel 160a in a timely manner. In addition, connecting the main body 161 to the end plate 120 in this embodiment makes full use of the existing components in the battery module 100a, eliminating the need for additional components for connection with the main body 161, which simplifies the structure of the battery module 100a and saves costs.

[0156] like Figure 18 As shown, the main body 161 has pressing edges 1612 extending along the Y-axis on both sides along the X-axis direction. The pressing edges 1612 are fixedly connected to the end plate 120 by the fifth fastener T5.

[0157] In this embodiment, the fifth fastener T5 is used to connect the guide 160 and the end plate 120, which can ensure the connection strength between the guide 160 and the end plate 120 and prevent the guide 160 from being misaligned relative to the individual cells 111 of the battery pack 110.

[0158] Optionally, the fifth fastener T5 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0159] like Figure 13 and Figure 18 As shown, the terminals 1112 of the multiple individual cells 111 of the battery pack 110 form two rows of terminals 1113 in the Y-axis direction, and the main body 161 is located between the two rows of terminals 1113.

[0160] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is disposed between the two columns of pole posts 1113, that is, the size of the main body 161 is smaller than the size between the two columns of pole posts 1113. Without affecting the connection between the pole posts 1113 and the busbar, a guide member 160 with a guide channel 160a can also be additionally provided.

[0161] Please continue reading. Figure 13 and Figure 18 Each electrode column 1113 is electrically connected to a sampling component 170. There is no overlap between the main body 161 and the orthographic projections of each sampling component 170 on the second projection plane, which is perpendicular to the Z-axis. The sampling component 170 is used to collect the temperature and / or voltage of the individual battery cell 111.

[0162] In this embodiment, the main body 161 is positioned to avoid the two columns of pole posts 1113, so that the pole posts 1113 can be electrically connected to the sampling component 170. The sampling component 170 does not interfere with the main body 161, thus avoiding the sampling component 170 from burning out due to the temperature rise of the main body 161 when the discharge is introduced into the guide channel 160a.

[0163] Optionally, the sampling assembly 170 includes a sampling circuit board and multiple buses, each of which is electrically connected to a plurality of terminals 1112 included in a terminal column 1113, and the sampling circuit board is electrically connected to the multiple buses.

[0164] In one embodiment, the guide 160 has a hollow cavity, at least a portion of which forms a guide channel 160a.

[0165] Optionally, the guide 160 may include two plates, one of which has a folded edge on its outer edge, the folded edge of which connects to the larger surface area of ​​the other plate, such that the two plates form a guide channel 160a. The other plate has a plurality of through first holes 1611, each first through hole 1611 penetrating the plate along its thickness direction.

[0166] like Figure 19 As shown, the energy storage module 10 of this application embodiment includes multiple electrically connected battery modules 100a, which are arranged along the Z-axis and constitute a battery cell 100. Side plates 200 are fixedly connected to both sides of the battery cell 100 along the X-axis, and each battery module 100a is fixedly connected between at least two side plates 200.

[0167] The number of battery modules 100a can be two, three, four, or other quantities. Multiple battery modules 100a can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof.

[0168] like Figures 19 to 21As shown, each battery module 100a includes a battery pack 110, an end plate 120, and a cold plate 140. The battery pack 110 has end plates 120 at both ends along the Y-axis, and the cold plate 140 is located on one side of the battery pack 110 along the Z-axis. The end plates 120, cold plate 140, and side plate 200 are connected to form a receiving cavity 130 for accommodating the battery pack 110.

[0169] The energy storage device of this application embodiment includes a battery unit 100 comprising multiple battery modules 100a. The end plate 120 and cold plate 140 of each battery module 100a are connected to a side plate 200 to form a receiving cavity 130 for accommodating a battery pack 110. Under the combined action of the end plate 120, cold plate 140, and side plate 200, multiple battery modules 100a can be stacked together along the Z-axis and grouped. Compared to the "box + cover" encapsulation structure used in the prior art, the energy storage device of this application embodiment omits the box and cover. On the one hand, this significantly reduces the weight and volume of the entire energy storage device, facilitating handling and operation, and reducing the risk of collisions with other components. On the other hand, because the volume of each energy storage device is smaller, when multiple energy storage devices are assembled into a battery cluster, each energy storage device occupies less space, resulting in a higher integration rate of the battery cluster and improved energy density.

[0170] like Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is generally a rectangular plate structure. The length direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the Y-axis direction, the width direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the Z-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the side plate 200 is parallel to the X-axis direction.

[0171] like Figure 22 As shown, at least one of the surfaces of the side plate 200 facing the battery cell 100 and the surface facing away from the battery cell 100 is provided with reinforcing ribs 230, which extend along the Y-axis direction.

[0172] In this embodiment, by providing reinforcing ribs 230 on the side plate 200, the structural strength of the side plate 200 can be significantly improved, thereby ensuring the structural robustness of the multiple battery modules 100a after assembly, and avoiding the side plate 200 from being easily twisted and deformed due to the excessive length of the battery module 100a.

[0173] Please continue reading. Figure 14 The side plate 200 is also provided with a through weight reduction hole 240, which penetrates the side plate 200 along the X-axis direction.

[0174] In this embodiment, the weight-reducing holes 240 can reduce the weight of the side plate 200 to a certain extent, thereby further reducing the overall weight of the energy storage device. In addition, the weight-reducing holes 240 on the side plate 200 can also save on the material cost of the side plate 200.

[0175] This application does not impose any particular limitation on the shape of the weight-reducing hole 240. For example, the shape of the weight-reducing hole 240 can be any of the following: circular, rectangular, elliptical, oval, etc.

[0176] In one exemplary embodiment, the side plate 200 is provided with multiple rows of weight-reducing holes 240, each row including multiple weight-reducing holes 240.

[0177] In one embodiment, the side plate 200 can be a stamped part, formed by stamping reinforcing ribs 230 and weight-reducing holes 240 on a flat plate.

[0178] like Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, the side plate 200 has a first flange 210 at both ends along the Y-axis, and the first flange 210 is folded from the side plate 200 toward the end plate 120. The first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200 along the Y-axis is arranged at intervals along the Z-axis.

[0179] In one exemplary embodiment, the side panel 200 has two first flanges 210 at each end along the Y-axis, the same number as the number of battery modules 100a. For example, if there are two battery modules 100a, the side panel 200 also has two first flanges 210 at each end along the Y-axis.

[0180] Of course, in other embodiments, the side plate 200 is provided with a first flange 210 at both ends along the Y-axis direction. The first flange 210 is longer along the Z-axis direction so that multiple end plates 120 located at the same end in the Y-axis direction of multiple battery modules 100a are connected to a first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200.

[0181] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the first flange 210 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end plate 120 by the first fastener T1.

[0182] In this embodiment, the first flange 210 at one end of the side plate 200 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end plate 120 by the first fastener T1. The design of the first flange 210 increases the contact area when the side plate 200 and the end plate 120 are connected, thereby improving the connection strength between the side plate 200 and the end plate 120, so that the side plate 200 and the end plate 120 can form a stable receiving cavity 130 after being connected.

[0183] In one embodiment, the first fastener T1 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0184] In one embodiment, the first flange 210 is elongated and extends along the Z-axis.

[0185] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the first flange 210 is located on the side of the end plate 120 facing away from the battery pack 110, that is, the first flange 210 is located on the outside of the end plate 120.

[0186] Compared to the solution of inserting the first flange 210 between the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110, in this embodiment, the first flange 210 is set on the outside of the end plate 120, which ensures that no extra parts are set between the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110, thereby ensuring that the end plate 120 and the battery pack 110 can fit tightly together and improving the compactness of the battery module 100a structure.

[0187] Return to reference Figure 21 The end plate 120 has a frame 122 at both ends along the X-axis, and the frame 122 is fixedly connected to the corresponding first flange 210 by the first fastener T1.

[0188] The end plate 120 has at least one transverse rib 123 and at least one longitudinal rib 124 protruding on the side facing away from the battery pack 110. The transverse rib 123 extends along the X-axis, and the longitudinal rib 124 extends along the Z-axis. The transverse rib 123 and the longitudinal rib 124 intersect each other. The two ends of the transverse rib 123 are respectively connected to the frame 122 at both ends of the end plate 120 along the X-axis.

[0189] like Figure 21 and Figure 23 As shown, the end plate 120 near the cold plate 140 is provided with a second flange 121 that bends toward the direction away from the receiving cavity 130. The second flange 121 is fixedly connected to the cold plate 140 by a second fastener T2.

[0190] In this embodiment, the second flange 121 provided on the end plate 120 increases the contact area between the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140, thereby improving the connection strength between the end plate 120 and the cold plate 140, making the cold plate 140 less prone to deformation under pressure, and ensuring that the cold plate 140 can provide stable support for the battery pack 110.

[0191] In one embodiment, the second fastener T2 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0192] Optionally, one end of the longitudinal stiffener 124 may be connected to the second flange 121.

[0193] In one embodiment, the second flange 121 is elongated and extends along the X-axis.

[0194] In one embodiment, the cold plate 140 is fixedly connected between the two side plates 200.

[0195] In this embodiment, the cold plate 140 is perpendicular to the Z-axis, the end plate 120 is perpendicular to the Y-axis, and the side plate 200 is perpendicular to the X-axis. The cold plate 140, the end plate 120, and the side plate 200 are connected to each other. Through this structural design, the cold plate 140, the end plate 120, and the side plate 200 form a three-dimensional support structure, thereby improving the overall connection strength and stability of the energy storage device.

[0196] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the cold plate 140 has a third flange 141 at both ends along the X-axis direction, which bends toward the direction away from the battery pack 110. The third flange 141 is fixedly connected to the corresponding side plate 200 by a third fastener T3.

[0197] In this embodiment, the third flange 141 provided on the cold plate 140 increases the contact area between the cold plate 140 and the side plate 200, thereby improving the connection strength between the cold plate 140 and the side plate 200, so that the cold plate 140 can be stably connected between the two side plates 200, and further ensure that the cold plate 140 can provide stable support for the battery pack 110.

[0198] In one embodiment, the third flange 141 is elongated and extends along the Y-axis.

[0199] In one embodiment, the third fastener T3 can be a screw, rivet, etc.

[0200] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the third flange 141 is also provided with a reinforcing member 150 on the side facing away from the side plate 200. The reinforcing member 150 is connected to the cold plate 140. The reinforcing member 150, the third flange 141 and the side plate 200 are fixedly connected by the third fastener T3, and the third flange 141 is sandwiched between the reinforcing member 150 and the side plate 200.

[0201] On the one hand, when the third fastener T3 fixes the side plate 200 to the third flange 141, the connection strength between the side plate 200 and the third flange 141 may be affected due to the insufficient thickness of the third flange 141. In this embodiment, a reinforcing member 150 is provided on the side of the third flange 141 facing away from the side plate 200. The setting of the reinforcing member 150 is equivalent to increasing the thickness of the third flange 141. Thus, when the third fastener T3 fixes the side plate 200 to the third flange 141 and the reinforcing member 150, the reinforcing member 150 can significantly improve the connection strength between the third flange 141 and the side plate 200. On the other hand, the reinforcing member 150 is connected to the cold plate 140, and the reinforcing member 150 can assist the cold plate 140 in providing stable support to the battery pack 110 to a certain extent.

[0202] In one embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 and the cold plate 140 may be welded together.

[0203] Of course, in other embodiments, the reinforcing member 150 and the cold plate 140 can also be connected by fasteners.

[0204] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the reinforcing member 150 is a hollow tubular structure, and the reinforcing member 150 extends along the Y-axis direction. Further, the reinforcing member 150 can be a square tube.

[0205] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is designed as a hollow tubular structure, which not only ensures the connection strength between the third flange 141 and the side plate 200, but also reduces the weight of the reinforcing member 150, which is beneficial to reducing the weight of the entire energy storage device.

[0206] like Figure 17 and Figure 24 As shown, the frame 300a is provided with a support rail 370 for supporting the energy storage module 10. The reinforcing member 150 has a slider 151 protruding on the side facing away from the battery pack 110. The slider 151 is used to slide with the support rail 370.

[0207] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is also provided with a slider 151, so that the reinforcing member 150 and the slider 151 in this embodiment are equivalent to the slide rail on the box with the "box body + box cover" encapsulation structure in the prior art. When the energy storage device of this embodiment is installed into the prefabricated compartment, the slider 151 can slide and cooperate with the support guide rail 370 in the prefabricated compartment, so that even if the box body is omitted, the energy storage device of this embodiment can be smoothly installed into the prefabricated compartment with the help of the slider 151.

[0208] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, one end face of the side plate 200 along the Z-axis direction is recessed to form multiple positioning grooves 220, and the multiple positioning grooves 220 are arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction; the third flange 141 is provided with multiple positioning protrusions 142 on one side surface facing the corresponding side plate 200, and the multiple positioning protrusions 142 are respectively positioned in the multiple positioning grooves 220.

[0209] In this embodiment, when assembling the side plate 200, the side plate 200 can first be pressed against one side of the battery unit 100 along the X-axis direction. Then, the side plate 200 is slid relative to the battery unit 100 from top to bottom along the Z-axis direction. When the positioning groove 220 of the side plate 200 is positioned and engaged with the positioning protrusion 142, it indicates that the side plate 200 has been installed in place in the Z-axis direction. Finally, the third fastener T3 is assembled to fix the side plate 200, the third flange 141, and the reinforcing member 150 together. Therefore, by providing the positioning groove 220 on the side plate 200 and the positioning protrusion 142 on the third flange 141, the positioning protrusion 142 and the positioning groove 220 are positioned and engaged, which plays a positioning role when the side plate 200 is installed, thereby improving the installation efficiency and installation accuracy of the side plate 200.

[0210] In one exemplary embodiment, at least one third fastener T3 is provided between two adjacent positioning protrusions 142.

[0211] like Figure 23 and Figure 24 As shown, the reinforcing member 150 and the third flange 141 are fixedly connected by a plurality of fourth fasteners T4; the caps of the plurality of fourth fasteners T4 respectively form a plurality of positioning protrusions 142.

[0212] In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 150 is connected to the third flange 141 not only by the third fastener T3, but also by the fourth fastener T4. The cap of the fourth fastener T4 serves as the positioning protrusion 142, eliminating the need to set other components to form the positioning protrusion 142, thus simplifying the structure of the reinforcing member 150.

[0213] like Figure 25 As shown, the side plate 200 has a bent portion 250 at one end away from the positioning groove 220, and the bent portion 250 bends from the side plate 200 in a direction away from the battery unit 100.

[0214] In this embodiment, the upper end of the side plate 200 is provided with a curved portion 250, which bends away from the battery unit 100 to avoid the upper end of the side plate 200 scratching the individual battery cells 111 of the battery unit 100.

[0215] In one embodiment, the curved portion 250 includes an arcuate structure 251. By designing the curved portion 250 to include the arcuate structure 251, the surface of the curved portion 250 can be made smoother, further avoiding the problem of the individual battery cell 111 being scratched by the side plate 200.

[0216] like Figure 26 As shown, this application also provides a power supply system 6, including an electrical device 5 and an energy storage device 1 of any of the above, wherein the energy storage device 1 supplies power to the electrical device 5.

[0217] It is understood that the various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without creating contradictions, and will not be described one by one here.

[0218] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "link," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "link" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0219] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the claims. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0220] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the application examples and are not intended to limit the application examples. For those skilled in the art, the application examples can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the application examples should be included within the protection scope of the application examples.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes a housing, a battery pack, and an internal unit housed within the housing; The internal unit has battery clusters on both sides along the length of the housing. The internal unit includes a cooling unit and a central control cabinet arranged along the height of the housing. The cooling unit and the battery clusters are connected through a circulation pipeline. The enclosure includes a top wall and peripheral side walls. The cooling unit is located between the top wall and the central control cabinet. The top wall has a second opening at a position corresponding to the cooling unit in the height direction of the enclosure, and the peripheral side walls have a first opening at a position corresponding to the cooling unit in the width direction of the enclosure.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peripheral sidewall includes a second sidewall disposed opposite to the box body in the width direction. The cooling unit is provided with the second sidewall on both sides in the width direction of the box body. Each second sidewall is provided with the first opening at the position corresponding to the cooling unit in the width direction of the box body.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the second sidewalls has a door on each side of the first opening along the length of the housing, and the doors on both sides of the first opening correspond to the positions of the battery clusters on both sides of the cooling unit.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the battery clusters includes a high-voltage box and multiple energy storage groups connected in series, and each energy storage group includes multiple energy storage modules connected in series.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure also includes a frame, the top wall and the peripheral side walls are connected to the frame, at least a portion of the frame constitutes an emission collection structure, the emission collection structure includes a collection channel and a collection inlet communicating with the collection channel; The battery cluster includes a battery pack and a guide member with a guide channel. The guide member is fixed to one side of the battery pack. The guide member has a second through hole at one end near the collection inlet. The second through hole is connected to the guide channel and the collection inlet. The guide channel is configured to guide the emissions ejected when the battery pack experiences thermal runaway through the second through hole and the collection inlet into the collection channel.

6. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The emission collection structure also includes a discharge port connected to the collection channel.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A one-way valve is provided at the discharge port or in the collection channel near the discharge port.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The emission collection structure includes a column, the column having a first hollow structure forming at least a portion of the collection channel, and the column having a collection inlet communicating with the first hollow structure.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The emission collection structure also includes a bottom beam and a top beam, which are arranged side by side along the height of the box, and the column is connected between the bottom beam and the top beam; The top beam has a second hollow structure, the first hollow structure is connected to the second hollow structure, the second hollow structure forms part of the collection channel, the first hollow structure forms part of the collection channel, and the top beam is provided with a discharge port connected to the collection channel.

10. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The emission collection structure also includes a bottom beam connected to the column, the bottom beam having a third hollow structure, the third hollow structure being connected to the first hollow structure, and the third hollow structure forming a storage cavity.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A sealing element is sandwiched between the side surface of the column where the collection inlet is located and the guide member. The sealing element has a through third through hole, which communicates with the second through hole and the collection inlet.

12. A power supply system, characterized in that, It includes electrical equipment and the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the energy storage device supplies power to the electrical equipment.

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