Automatic stacking table for railway wheel production and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic stacking table for railway wheel production and a working method thereof.The automatic stacking table comprises a stacking rack, the stacking rack is composed of a bottom plate and a plurality of supporting legs located below the bottom plate, a circular through hole is formed in the center of the bottom plate, and a hydraulic lifting table used for jacking wheels upwards to pass through the through hole is arranged below the through hole; a plurality of wheel guide supports which are uniformly distributed on the peripheral side of the through hole and can move back and forth in the radial direction of the through hole are vertically arranged above the bottom plate, and the lower part of each wheel guide support is hinged with a pusher dog which extends horizontally towards the center direction of the through hole and can turn upwards; when the wheels are jacked to pass through the through holes, the rims of the wheels make contact with the pusher dogs in the horizontal state and push the pusher dogs to turn upwards, and when the bottom faces of the wheels finally cross the top ends of the pusher dogs, the pusher dogs automatically swing downwards to the horizontal state. The stability and reliability of the stacking process are ensured, the device adapts to the diameters of wheels of different specifications, the shutdown waiting time of gauge changing of a production line is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of stacking equipment, in particular to an automatic stacking table for railway wheel production and a working method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the rolling production line of large annular workpieces such as railway wheels, after the rolling and tempering processes are completed, the wheels need to be discharged from the tempering furnace and transferred to the conveying roller by a mechanical hand. Then the wheels are transported by the conveying roller for slow cooling, and finally are transported to the stacking position for stacking (vertical stacking) so as to be hoisted in batches by a special vertical stacking hoist to the next process (such as detection, processing, storage or delivery).

[0003] At present, the stacking table used in the stacking position in this process has the following technical bottlenecks: The specification switching depends on manual operation, which is low in efficiency and has safety risks: when the production specification is switched (for example, between wheels of ∅810, ∅970 and ∅650), the operator must manually adjust using tools. This process is labor-intensive and time-consuming, seriously affecting the production line rhythm and continuous operation capability. At the same time, workers perform high-intensity manual operation near high-temperature (wheel temperature about 200-400℃) equipment, which also has safety risks.

[0004] The adjustment accuracy and consistency are difficult to guarantee, affecting the stability of stacking: manual adjustment completely depends on the experience and visual inspection of the operator, which is difficult to ensure accuracy. Such errors may cause the center of gravity of a single wheel to deviate when stacking, or the whole stack of wheels to be in an inclined state when stacking. In the subsequent hoisting process, unstable stacks are prone to cause wheels to slip or collide, causing workpiece damage, equipment damage and even personal safety accidents. If a wheel falls, manual hoisting and arrangement are needed, which not only causes unplanned downtime, but also causes the temperature of the wheel to exceed the process window due to too long exposure time, affecting product performance.

[0005] The degree of automation is low, and the existing stacking table device is only a passive mechanical platform without the ability of automatic detection, positioning and adjustment execution. The control of the whole stacking process completely depends on manual judgment and operation, which becomes a "breakpoint" in the automatic process of the production line and restricts the improvement of the overall intelligent level. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application aims to provide an automatic stacking table for railway wheel production and a working method thereof, which ensures the stability and reliability of the stacking process and improves production efficiency.

[0007] The application adopts the following scheme: an automatic stacking table for railway wheel production, comprising a stacking table frame composed of a bottom plate and a plurality of supporting legs below the bottom plate, a circular through hole is arranged in the center of the bottom plate, a hydraulic lifting table is arranged below the through hole to lift the wheel upward through the through hole; a plurality of wheel guiding supports are vertically arranged above the bottom plate and evenly distributed around the through hole and can move along the radial direction of the through hole, a pawl is hingedly connected to the lower part of each wheel guiding support and extends along the horizontal direction to the center of the through hole and can be flipped upward; when the wheel is lifted through the through hole, the wheel rim contacts and pushes the pawl in the horizontal state to flip upward, and when the bottom surface of the wheel finally passes over the top end of the pawl, the pawl automatically drops to the horizontal state.

[0008] Further, the wheel guiding support is fixedly installed on the supporting slide plate at the bottom thereof, the first guide seat is arranged on the bottom plate and located on both sides of the supporting slide plate, the sliding groove is arranged on the first guide seat and slidably matched with both sides of the supporting slide plate, and the lead screw driving mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate to drive the supporting slide plate to move back and forth along the radial direction of the through hole.

[0009] Further, a plurality of groups of hook baffle devices are arranged on the bottom plate and evenly distributed around the through hole, the hook baffle devices and the wheel guiding supports are spaced and staggered, the groove is arranged on the bottom plate and corresponds to the hook baffle device, the groove is arranged along the radial direction of the through hole and penetrates the through hole at the one end towards the middle, and the hook baffle device comprises the hook baffle slidably connected in the groove and the lead screw driving mechanism to drive the hook baffle to slide along the groove.

[0010] Further, the conveying roller is arranged below the bottom plate to convey the wheel to the upper side of the hydraulic lifting table, and the feeding baffle mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate at one side of the through hole.

[0011] Further, the feeding baffle mechanism comprises the guiding bottom plate, the positioning baffle, the sliding block bottom plate, the incoming material collision detection device and the lead screw driving mechanism, the sliding block bottom plate is slidably connected to the guiding bottom plate, the positioning baffle is fixedly connected with the front end of the sliding block bottom plate, and the sliding block bottom plate is driven to slide forward and backward by the lead screw driving mechanism.

[0012] Further, the incoming material collision detection device comprises the connecting seat fixedly connected to the sliding block bottom plate, the collision push rod is arranged in the connecting seat and can slide forward and backward relative to the connecting seat, the front end of the collision push rod penetrates the positioning baffle forward, the proximity switch A is arranged on the sliding block bottom plate and located behind the collision push rod to sense the rear end of the collision push rod, the wheel contacts the positioning baffle to push the collision push rod to move backward to trigger the proximity switch A, and the spring is arranged on the collision push rod to push the collision push rod to move forward to reset.

[0013] Further, the lead screw driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a mounting base plate, a lead screw, a lead screw mounting seat, a lead screw nut seat, a chain wheel and a chain, the driving motor is mounted on the mounting base plate, one end of the lead screw is rotationally connected with the lead screw mounting seat through a bearing, the lead screw passes through the lead screw nut seat, and a lead screw nut matched with the lead screw is arranged in the middle of the lead screw nut seat, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw through the chain wheel and the chain.

[0014] Further, a plurality of position detection assemblies for respectively sensing the moving positions of the wheel guiding supports, the hook baffle and the positioning baffle are further included; the position detection assembly comprises a sliding groove rod, two mechanical limit switches, a plurality of proximity switches B and a signal baffle for triggering the mechanical limit switches or the proximity switches B, the sliding groove rod is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove, a plurality of sliding blocks in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding groove are arranged in the T-shaped sliding groove, a plurality of connecting plates corresponding to the sliding blocks are arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the sliding groove rod, the connecting plates are connected with the corresponding sliding blocks through bolts, the two mechanical limit switches are mounted on the connecting plates at the positions of the two ends of the sliding groove rod, and the plurality of proximity switches B are mounted on the remaining connecting plates; the signal baffle is located between the two mechanical limit switches.

[0015] Further, the base plate is hexagonal, the number of the wheel guiding supports and the hook baffles is three, and the positions of the wheel guiding supports and the hook baffles correspond to the sides of the base plate respectively; a fence is arranged around the base plate, and a ladder is arranged on one side of the base plate.

[0016] Another technical solution of the application is a working method of the automatic stacking table for railway wheel production, comprising the following steps: (1) incoming material positioning: the wheel is conveyed to the upper side of the hydraulic lifting table, the wheel contacts the positioning baffle of the upper material baffle mechanism, and pushes the collision push rod to trigger the in-position signal; (2) jacking and stacking: the hydraulic lifting table jacks up the wheel to pass through the through hole in the center of the base plate, the wheel rim contacts the pawl in the horizontal state in the jacking process and pushes the pawl to turn upward around the core shaft, when the wheel bottom surface is jacked up to completely pass over the top end of the pawl, the pawl automatically swings down to the horizontal state under the action of gravity due to the loss of support; the hydraulic lifting table is lowered to reset, the wheel falls on the three pawls restored to the horizontal state and is lifted in the central space surrounded by the three wheel guiding supports, and the stacking of the first wheel is completed; (3) repeated stacking: steps (1) and (2) are repeated to complete the jacking and stacking of the subsequent wheels in sequence until the wheel stack reaches the preset stack height.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the automatic stacking table for railway wheel production of the present application has the following beneficial effects: the stability and reliability of the stacking process are ensured, the problems of stack body tilting and unstable center of gravity caused by manual adjustment errors are avoided, the diameter of different specifications of wheels is adapted, the downtime waiting time of production line rule change is greatly reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the product quality is reliably guaranteed, and the condition of relying on manual operation, poor precision and low efficiency of the prior art is solved.

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, specific embodiments and related drawings will be used to further describe the present application in detail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall perspective view of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is the perspective view of the bottom structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is the perspective view of the partial structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is the schematic view of the wheel guide support structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is the schematic view of the structure below the bottom plate of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is the perspective view of the lead screw driving mechanism of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is the perspective view of the loading baffle mechanism of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is the perspective view of the position detection assembly of the embodiment of the present application; Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - stacking table, 101 - bottom plate, 102 - leg, 103 - wheel guide support, 104 - pawl, 105 - mandrel, 106 - cover plate, 107 - hook baffle, 108 - through hole, 109 - support sliding plate, 2 - lead screw driving mechanism, 201 - lead screw nut seat, 202 - lead screw, 203 - chain wheel, 204 - chain, 205 - driving motor, 206 - mounting bottom plate, 207 - lead screw mounting seat, 3 - hook baffle device, 4 - loading baffle mechanism, 401 - guide bottom plate, 402 - positioning baffle, 403 - sliding block bottom plate, 404 - connecting seat, 405 - collision push rod, 406 - proximity switch A, 407 - spring, 5 - fence, 6 - position detection assembly, 601 - sliding slot rod, 602 - mechanical limit switch, 603 - proximity switch B, 604 - signal baffle, 605 - sliding block, 606 - connecting plate, 7 - ladder, 8 - wheel, 9 - hydraulic lifting platform, 10 - conveying roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0021] It is also important to note that the terms "example" and / or "exemplary" as used herein illustrate certain example embodiments of the application and should not be construed as indicating a preferred or advantageous embodiment. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising", when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or groups thereof.

[0022] As shown in Figures 1-8 An automatic stacking platform for railway wheel production comprises a stacking frame 1, which constitutes the stacking execution main body and the bearing frame of the equipment. The stacking frame 1 is composed of a bottom plate 101 and a plurality of supporting legs 102 below the bottom plate. The supporting legs 102 are realized by H-shaped steel beams for stable support. A circular through hole 108 is arranged in the center of the bottom plate 101 for the wheel to be lifted up from below. A hydraulic lifting platform 9 is arranged below the through hole 108 to lift the wheel upwards through the through hole. A plurality of wheel guide supports 103 are arranged above the bottom plate 101 and evenly distributed around the through hole, and can move radially along the through hole. A pawl 104 is hinged below each wheel guide support through a mandrel 105, and extends along the horizontal direction towards the center of the through hole and can be flipped upwards. The pawl is in the shape of a long strip and can swing freely about 90 degrees between the horizontal position and the nearly vertical position. When the wheel is lifted through the through hole, the wheel rim contacts and pushes the pawl in the horizontal state to flip upwards. When the bottom surface of the wheel finally passes over the top end of the pawl, the pawl automatically swings down to the horizontal state.

[0023] When the hydraulic lifting platform 9 vertically lifts a single wheel upwards through the center through hole of the bottom plate 101, the wheel rim contacts and pushes the pawl 104 in the horizontal state to swing upwards about the mandrel 105. As the wheel continues to rise, its bottom surface finally passes over the top end of the pawl 104. At this time, the pawl 104 automatically swings back to the horizontal position under the action of its own gravity as it loses support. After the hydraulic lifting platform 9 is lowered and withdrawn, the wheel is held from below by the three pawls 104 that have returned to the horizontal state, and is suspended in the central space surrounded by the three wheel guide supports 103. By repeating this process, the wheels can be stacked one by one to form a vertical stack.

[0024] In the embodiment, the wheel guide support 103 is fixedly installed on the support slide plate 109 at the bottom thereof, the wheel guide support 103 is radially and accurately adjusted in position by moving with the support slide plate 109, the bottom of the pawl 104 is abutted against the inward end of the support slide plate to keep it in a horizontal state when it is swung down, the bottom plate is provided with first guide seats on both sides of the support slide plate 109, the first guide seats are connected to the bottom plate by bolts, the first guide seats are provided with sliding grooves which are slidably connected to both sides of the support slide plate, the bottom plate is provided with a lead screw driving mechanism 2 for driving the support slide plate to move radially and reciprocally along the through hole, the lead screw driving mechanism 2 adjusts the position of the wheel guide support 103 by driving the support slide plate to move, so as to adapt to the diameters of wheels of different specifications, the three supporting points are synchronously and symmetrically adjusted, so that the three supporting points always form stable and symmetric support, which ensures that the wheels are always in the theoretical center position when they are stacked, avoids problems such as inclination of the stack and instability of the center of gravity caused by manual adjustment errors, and significantly reduces the risk of wheel bumping and sliding during stacking and hoisting. The self-adaptive pawl structure and the asymmetrically arranged clamping points ensure that reliable contact can be achieved even if there is a slight deviation or wear in individual components, preventing the wheels from overturning or sliding in the jacking, stacking and stationary states.

[0025] In the embodiment, the bottom plate 101 is provided with a plurality of groups of hook baffle devices 3 which are uniformly distributed around the through hole, and the hook baffle devices 3 and the wheel guide support 103 are spaced and staggered; the bottom plate 101 is provided with a groove corresponding to each hook baffle device, the groove is radially arranged along the through hole and penetrates the through hole at the middle end thereof, the hook baffle device 3 comprises a hook baffle 107 which is slidably connected in the groove and a lead screw driving mechanism 2 for driving the hook baffle to slide along the groove, the groove is provided with second guide seats on both sides thereof, the second guide seats are connected to the bottom plate by bolts, the second guide seats are provided with sliding grooves which are slidably connected to the hook baffles, the lead screw driving mechanism is used to adjust the positions of the three hook baffles 107 to cooperate with the special lifting appliance operation, the bottom plate is slotted to avoid interference with the lifting appliance above, and the hook baffle 107 is provided with a baffle cover plate 108 above for protection.

[0026] The hook baffle device 3 realizes butt joint with the lifting appliance. The wheel stack lifting appliance (three-hook lifting appliance) is located above the wheel stack. The lifting appliance is lowered. The hooks of the lifting appliance will collide with the three precisely positioned hook baffles 107 during the falling process. This collision forces the lifting appliance to return to the correct clamping state. The clamping plates of the lifting appliance extend from the bottom of the wheel stack and then close to clamp the wheel stack. The lifting appliance is lifted to lift the wheel stack from the stacking table and transported to the next process. The pawl 104 is not affected when the wheel stack is lifted and remains in a horizontal state. The wheel stack lifting appliance belongs to the prior art, and its structure and principle will not be specifically described here. Its structure can be referred to CN223722571U and Chinese patent CN2490131Y.

[0027] In the embodiment, a conveying roller 10 is arranged below the bottom plate 101 to convey the wheels to the upper side of the hydraulic lifting platform. The bottom plate is provided with an upper plate baffle mechanism 4 on the side of the through hole. The hydraulic lifting platform adopts a scissor-type hydraulic lifting machine. The upper side of the hydraulic lifting platform is provided with a roller conveyor.

[0028] In the embodiment, the upper plate baffle mechanism 4 is arranged opposite to the end of the conveying roller and is used for wheel incoming detection and rough positioning. The upper plate baffle mechanism 4 includes a guide bottom plate 401, a positioning baffle 402, a sliding block bottom plate 403, an incoming collision detection device, and a lead screw driving mechanism. The guide bottom plate 401 can be fixed to the bottom of the bottom plate or fixed to the ground through a support frame. The positioning baffle 402 is V-shaped. The sliding block bottom plate 403 is slidably connected to the guide bottom plate 401. The sliding block bottom plate 403 is provided with a third guide seat on both sides. The third guide seat is connected to the guide bottom plate 401 through bolts. The third guide seat is provided with a sliding groove that slidably cooperates with the sliding block bottom plate 403. The positioning baffle 402 is fixedly connected to the front end of the sliding block bottom plate. The sliding block bottom plate is driven to slide forward and backward by the lead screw driving mechanism.

[0029] In the embodiment, the incoming material collision detection device comprises a connecting seat 404 fixedly connected to the slider bottom plate by bolts, a collision push rod 405 capable of sliding forward and backward relative to the connecting seat 404 is arranged in the connecting seat, the front end of the collision push rod 405 penetrates out of a positioning baffle, the positioning baffle is provided with a passage for the collision push rod 405 to penetrate through, the slider bottom plate is provided with a proximity switch A 406 located behind the collision push rod for sensing the rear end of the collision push rod, when the wheel contacts the positioning baffle, the collision push rod is pushed to move backward to trigger the proximity switch A, a spring 407 is arranged on the collision push rod for pushing the collision push rod to move forward to reset, the spring 407 is located in front of the connecting seat 404, the rear end of the spring 407 abuts against the front side of the connecting seat 404, and the front end of the spring 407 abuts against a stop ring fixedly connected to the front part of the collision push rod 405. When the wheel is conveyed to above the hydraulic lifting platform, the positioning baffle is collided, and the collision push rod is pushed to trigger the proximity switch A to send a "wheel in position" signal. According to the current production specification, the positions of the positioning baffle 402 and the collision push rod can be adjusted by the screw rod driving mechanism to adapt to different specifications of the tire.

[0030] In the embodiment, the screw rod driving mechanisms for driving the adjustment of the positions of the wheel guide support, the slider bottom plate and the hook baffle are respectively a first screw rod driving mechanism, a second screw rod driving mechanism and a third screw rod driving mechanism. The three screw rod driving mechanisms are similar in structure, and the difference lies in that the installation modes are slightly different. The screw rod driving mechanism comprises a driving motor 205, a mounting bottom plate 206, a screw rod 202, a screw rod mounting seat 207, a screw rod nut seat 201, a chain wheel 203 and a chain 204. The driving motor 205 is a speed reducer motor. The screw rod is a trapezoidal screw rod. The driving motor is mounted on the mounting bottom plate. One end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the screw rod mounting seat through a bearing. The screw rod penetrates through the screw rod nut seat, and the screw rod nut seat is provided with a screw rod nut matched with the screw rod in the middle. The driving motor is in transmission connection with the screw rod through the chain wheel and the chain. When the driving motor 205 starts, it drives the screw rod 202 to rotate, thereby driving the screw rod nut seat 201 matched with the screw rod to move linearly. The screw rod nut seat 201 drives the corresponding component to slide accurately, and adjusts the distance from the center hole. In addition, the tail end of each screw rod 202 is provided with a manual adjustment nut as an emergency manual operation interface when the electric control system fails.

[0031] The mounting bottom plate and the screw rod mounting seat of the first screw rod driving mechanism are connected to the edge of the bottom plate by bolts, and the screw rod nut seat is connected to the supporting slide plate by bolts. The second screw rod driving mechanism is located on the lower side of the bottom plate. The mounting bottom plate and the screw rod mounting seat of the second screw rod driving mechanism are connected to the edge of the bottom plate by bolts, and the screw rod nut seat is connected to the hook baffle by bolts. The mounting bottom plate and the screw rod mounting seat of the third screw rod driving mechanism are connected to the guide bottom plate by bolts, and the screw rod nut seat is connected to the slider bottom plate by bolts.

[0032] In the embodiment, a plurality of position detection assemblies 6 are further included to respectively detect the moving positions of the wheel guide supports, the hook stop plates and the positioning stop plates, the position detection assemblies 6 are used to detect and feed back the positions of the moving parts in real time and implement limit protection; the position detection assembly 6 includes a sliding groove rod 601, two mechanical limit switches 602, a plurality of proximity switches B 603 and a signal stop strip 604 used to trigger the mechanical limit switches or the proximity switches B, the sliding groove rod is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove, a plurality of sliding blocks 605 which are in sliding fit with the T-shaped sliding groove are arranged in the T-shaped sliding groove, a plurality of connecting plates 606 corresponding to the sliding blocks are arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the sliding groove rod, the connecting plates are connected with the corresponding sliding blocks through bolts, the two mechanical limit switches are mounted on the connecting plates at the positions of the two ends of the sliding groove rod, the plurality of proximity switches B are mounted on the remaining connecting plates, the signal stop strip is located between the two mechanical limit switches, and the two mechanical limit switches 602 serve as the final physical stroke limit of the moving parts. The plurality of proximity switches 603 are accurately calibrated and installed according to the target positions required by wheels of different specifications such as ∅650, ∅810 and ∅970. When the signal stop strip 604 moves with the moving part to the sensing area of the corresponding proximity switch 603, an in-position signal is triggered, and when the moving part moves to the end point and collides with the mechanical limit switch 602, an emergency stop signal is triggered.

[0033] The position detection assemblies used to respectively detect the moving positions of the wheel guide supports, the hook stop plates and the positioning stop plates are respectively a first position detection assembly, a second position detection assembly and a third position detection assembly. The first position detection assembly is three sets, corresponding to the three sets of wheel guide supports, the first position detection assembly is mounted on the bottom side of the bottom plate at the positions corresponding to the support slides, the length direction of the sliding groove rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the support slide, and the signal stop strip is connected to the bottom of the support slide through a bolt, a hollow slot is formed in the bottom plate for the signal stop strip to pass through and move, the signal stop strip moves when the support slide moves, and the mechanical limit switches or the proximity switches B on the first position detection assembly detect the position of the support slide by sensing the signal stop strip, that is, the position of the corresponding wheel guide support.

[0034] The second position detection assembly is three sets, corresponding to the three sets of hook stop plate devices, the second position detection assembly is mounted on the bottom side of the bottom plate at the positions corresponding to the hook stop plates, the length direction of the sliding groove rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the hook stop plate, and the signal stop strip is connected to the bottom of the support slide or the screw nut seat through a bolt, the signal stop strip moves when the hook stop plate moves, and the mechanical limit switches or the proximity switches B on the second position detection assembly detect the position of the hook stop plate by sensing the signal stop strip.

[0035] The third position detection assembly is a set, the third position detection assembly is installed on the guide bottom plate, the length direction of the sliding groove rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding bottom plate, and the signal blocking strip is connected to the guide bottom plate through bolts. When the sliding bottom plate moves, the signal blocking strip moves. The mechanical limit switch or the proximity switch B on the third position detection assembly detects the position of the sliding bottom plate by inducting the signal blocking strip, that is, the position corresponding to the positioning baffle.

[0036] In the embodiment, the bottom plate is hexagonal, the number of the wheel guiding supports and the hook baffle devices is three, and the positions of the wheel guiding supports and the hook baffle devices correspond to the edges of the bottom plate respectively; fences 5 are arranged around the bottom plate, and a ladder 7 is arranged on one side of the bottom plate, and fences 5 are also arranged on both sides of the ladder. The whole stacking platform is centrally controlled and coordinated by a control system 7 taking a programmable logic controller (PLC) as a core, which is beneficial to realize automatic operation of the whole process of stacking the wheels.

[0037] In order to provide protection, a cover plate 106 is arranged above the driving mechanism and the supporting sliding plate at the tail of each of the three wheel guiding supports 103.

[0038] A working method of the automatic stacking platform for the railway wheel production as described above, comprising the following steps: (1) incoming material positioning: the wheel is conveyed to above the hydraulic lifting platform, the wheel contacts the positioning baffle of the feeding baffle mechanism, and pushes the collision push rod to trigger the in-place signal; (2) jacking and stacking: the hydraulic lifting platform jacks up the wheel through the through hole in the center of the bottom plate, the wheel rim contacts the pawl in the horizontal state and pushes the pawl to turn up around the core shaft, when the wheel bottom surface is jacked up to completely pass over the top end of the pawl, the pawl automatically swings down to the horizontal state under the action of gravity; the hydraulic lifting platform is lowered to reset, the wheel falls on the three pawls 104 restored to the horizontal state, is lifted in the central space surrounded by the three wheel guiding supports, and the stacking of the first wheel is completed; (3) repeated stacking: steps (1) and (2) are repeated to complete the jacking and stacking of the subsequent wheels in turn until the wheel stack reaches the preset stack height.

[0039] (4) hoisting preparation: the vertical stack lifting device falls, the hooks of the lifting device collide with the hook baffles to reset to the correct clamping state, and the whole stack of wheels is clamped and carried away.

[0040] Before starting the stacking, the specification is set and adjusted, the target wheel specification is selected through the control system 7, and the wheel guiding supports, the hook baffles and the positioning baffles are adjusted to the corresponding positions by using the screw rod driving mechanism.

[0041] The application has the following innovative features: (1) multi-specification self-adaptive adjustment: through a screw rod driving mechanism, the wheel guide support, the pawl, the hook baffle and the positioning baffle are synchronously or independently adjusted to the preset position, thereby adapting to the stacking production of wheels with various specifications such as ∅650, ∅810 and ∅970, ensuring the repeated positioning accuracy of each adjustment, the above-mentioned modules can be independently adjusted, maintenance is convenient, the reliability is high, the production specification can be switched in seconds, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; (2) high degree of integrated automation: PLC centralized control is adopted, combined with a position detection assembly (travel switch, proximity switch) to realize position closed-loop control, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy and response speed; (3) multiple operation modes: manual, semi-automatic and full-automatic control modes are supported, which is convenient for debugging, maintenance and production operation, low labor intensity and comprehensive operation and maintenance cost: the operator is liberated from heavy and dangerous manual adjustment operation, and product quality accidents and equipment failures caused by manual errors are reduced; (4) safety redundancy design: mechanical limit and electrical limit are set to prevent overtravel operation of the equipment, ensure operation safety, prevent overtravel, and improve system safety.

[0042] If the numerical range is disclosed in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present application, the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any person skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is only one of the many implementable values with relatively obvious technical effects or representative values. Since there are too many values, it is impossible to enumerate them all, therefore, the present application discloses some values to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and the above-mentioned enumerated values should not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0043] If the present application discloses or involves mutually fixed connecting parts or structural parts, except for another statement, the fixed connection can be understood as: detachable fixed connection (for example, connected by using bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (for example, manufactured by using casting process integral forming), except for obviously cannot use integral forming process.

[0044] In addition, the terms used to represent the position relationship or shape in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present application should be understood as including the approximate, similar or close state or shape, except for another statement.

[0045] Any component provided by the present application can be assembled from multiple individual components, or can be a single component manufactured by integral forming process.

[0046] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, but is not intended to limit the present application to other forms, and any person skilled in the art can make changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical contents into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments without departing from the technical solution content of the present application, and according to the technical essence of the present application, still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. An automated stacking platform for railway wheel production, characterized in that: The system includes a stacking platform, which consists of a base plate and several legs located below the base plate. The base plate has a circular through hole at its center, and a hydraulic lifting platform is located below the through hole to lift the wheels upward through the through hole. Above the base plate, there are several wheel guide supports evenly distributed around the through hole and capable of reciprocating radially along the through hole. Each wheel guide support has a pawl hinged to its lower part, which extends horizontally toward the center of the through hole and can be flipped upward. When the wheel is lifted through the through hole, the wheel rim contacts and pushes the horizontally positioned pawl to flip upward. When the bottom surface of the wheel finally passes the top of the pawl, the pawl automatically swings down to a horizontal position.

2. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel guide support is fixedly installed on the support plate at its bottom. The base plate is provided with first guide seats on both sides of the support plate. The first guide seats are provided with sliding grooves that slide with both sides of the support plate. The base plate is provided with a screw drive mechanism for driving the support plate to move radially back and forth along the through hole.

3. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with several sets of hook baffle devices evenly distributed around the through hole. The hook baffle devices and the wheel guide support are distributed alternately. The base plate is provided with a channel corresponding to each hook baffle device. The channel is arranged radially along the through hole and communicates with the through hole at one end. The hook baffle device includes a hook baffle that can be slidably connected in the channel and a screw drive mechanism for driving the hook baffle to slide along the channel.

4. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate is provided with a conveyor roller conveyor to transport the wheels to the hydraulic lifting platform, and the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a feeding baffle mechanism on one side of the through hole.

5. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding baffle mechanism includes a guide base plate, a positioning baffle, a slider base plate, an incoming material collision detection device, and a screw drive mechanism; the slider base plate is slidably connected to the guide base plate, the positioning baffle is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider base plate, and the slider base plate is driven to slide back and forth by the screw drive mechanism.

6. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The incoming material collision detection device includes a connecting seat fixedly connected to the slider base plate. A collision push rod that can slide back and forth relative to the connecting seat is inserted in the middle. The front end of the collision push rod extends forward through a positioning baffle. A proximity switch A is provided on the slider base plate behind the collision push rod to sense the rear end of the collision push rod. When the wheel contacts the positioning baffle, it pushes the collision push rod to move backward to trigger the proximity switch A. A spring is sleeved on the collision push rod to push the collision push rod forward to reset.

7. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lead screw drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a mounting base plate, a lead screw, a lead screw mounting seat, a lead screw nut seat, a sprocket, and a chain. The drive motor is mounted on the mounting base plate. One end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the lead screw mounting seat via a bearing. The lead screw passes through the lead screw nut seat, and the lead screw nut seat has a lead screw nut in the middle that works in conjunction with the lead screw. The drive motor is connected to the lead screw via the sprocket and the chain.

8. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes multiple sets of position detection components for sensing the movement of the wheel guide support, hook baffle, and positioning baffle respectively; the position detection components include a slide bar, two mechanical limit switches, several proximity switches B, and a signal stop bar for triggering the mechanical limit switches or proximity switches B. The slide bar is provided with a T-shaped slide groove, and multiple sliders that slide in the T-shaped slide groove are provided. Multiple connecting plates corresponding to the sliders are provided on the upper or lower side of the slide bar. The connecting plates are connected to the corresponding sliders by bolts. The two mechanical limit switches are installed on the connecting plates located at both ends of the slide bar, and the several proximity switches B are installed on the remaining connecting plates. The signal stop bar is located between the two mechanical limit switches.

9. The automated stacking platform for railway wheel production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is hexagonal, and there are three sets of wheel guide supports and hook baffle devices, each positioned corresponding to one side of the base plate. A fence surrounds the base plate, and a ladder is provided on one side of the base plate.

10. A method for operating an automated stacking platform for railway wheel production as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Material positioning: The wheel is conveyed to the top of the hydraulic lifting platform. The wheel touches the positioning baffle of the loading baffle mechanism and pushes the collision push rod to trigger the positioning signal; (2) Lifting and stacking: The hydraulic lifting platform lifts the wheel through the through hole in the center of the base plate. During the lifting process, the wheel flange contacts the horizontal pawl and pushes it to rotate upward around the core axis. When the bottom surface of the wheel rises to completely pass the top of the pawl, the pawl loses support and automatically swings down to return to the horizontal state under the action of gravity. The hydraulic lifting platform descends and resets, and the wheel falls on the three pawls that have returned to the horizontal state. It is lifted in the central space enclosed by the three wheel guide supports, completing the stacking of the first wheel. (3) Repeat stacking: Repeat steps (1) and (2) to lift and stack the subsequent wheels in sequence until the wheel stack reaches the preset stack height.

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