Method for manufacturing glass beads by using waste glass and glass beads

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing glass beads by utilizing waste glass and the glass beads, and particularly relates to the method for manufacturing the glass beads by utilizing the waste glass and the glass beads, such as recycled automobile waste glass, solar waste glass, common cullet and other waste glass, for manufacturing the glass beads, especially the glass beads for road signs. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the method for manufacturing glass beads using waste glass according to the present invention comprises: a step for separating waste glass from a waste solar panel; a step of heating the waste solar cell panel to a predetermined temperature; and a process of cutting and separating the bonding surface of the waste glass and the back plate from the waste solar cell panel by using a knife heated to the predetermined temperature.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method of manufacturing glass beads using waste glass and glass beads, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing glass beads using waste glass, such as automobile waste glass, solar waste glass, general glass, etc., and glass beads. BACKGROUND

[0002] Generally, glass beads for road marking are mixed and coated in lane paint, or sprayed on the road immediately before solidification after painting the lane paint, so that light is reflected by the glass beads, making it easy to identify the lane or the like even at night or in rainy weather.

[0003] Current glass beads are manufactured by heating glass powder to a high temperature to melt and cool the glass powder into beads to collect the glass beads.

[0004] Meanwhile, a method of manufacturing resources using waste glass has recently been proposed, and generally, the additives (impurities) contained in the waste glass differ depending on the purpose of use, so the glass can only be separated and recovered in different ways. The waste glass used at this time mainly includes automobile glass, solar panel glass, and other glass.

[0005] For example, the glass used for photovoltaic panels, i.e., the glass of the waste photovoltaic panel, is generally formed of a sandwich structure of tempered glass / encapsulant / cell sheet (silicone) / backsheet, and the encapsulant between the layers uses ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

[0006] In order to realize the recycling of the waste photovoltaic panel glass of such a structure, it is economical to remove the EVA component used as the encapsulant to completely separate the layers, and related technologies include an organic solvent method, a nitric acid method, a pyrolysis method, a fluidized bed combustion method, etc.

[0007] However, the organic solvent method and the nitric acid method require a long processing time of 5 to 25 days and about 25 hours, respectively, and are processes that occur in the process.

[0008] There is a factor of secondary pollution of the environment by waste liquid, and the solar cell sheet recovered is damaged due to swelling of EVA during the separation process.

[0009] In addition, the pyrolysis method and the fluidized bed combustion method require high temperature conditions of 520 degrees and 450 degrees or more, respectively, and harmful gases such as NOx are generated in the process.

[0010] Of course, the encapsulant (EVA) wrapping the solar cell sheet is pyrolyzed at a temperature of 450 degrees or more in the closed space of glass / encapsulant / cell sheet, generating CO, CO2, and VOCs gases, and the generated gases are relatively weakly ejected toward the cell sheet, and at the same time, the cell sheet also has the disadvantage of being damaged.

[0011] Therefore, glass beads are manufactured using waste glass, but in order to solve the above problems, an environmentally friendly and economical manufacturing method is required. SUMMARY

[0012] The object of the present application is to provide a method for manufacturing glass beads using waste glass and glass beads, which effectively removes impurities in waste glass, particularly the backsheet of waste solar cell panels and residual encapsulants (EVA), so that pure waste glass can be used to manufacture glass beads;

[0013] The glass microbeads are removed by secondary heating at different temperatures, improving the removal efficiency and work efficiency, so that the waste glass on the waste photovoltaic panel can be more completely separated;

[0014] In the manufacture of glass microbeads, the durability of the glass microbeads is improved by coating on the surface of the glass microbeads, and homogeneous glass microbeads that meet the purpose of use can be manufactured.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, the method for manufacturing glass beads using waste glass of the present application comprises the step a) of separating waste glass (G) from waste solar cell panels; the step a) comprises the steps of heating the waste solar cell panels to a predetermined temperature and heating the waste solar cell panels to a predetermined temperature, and the process of cutting and separating the waste glass (G) from the adhesive surface of the backsheet (BS) from the solar panel with a cutting device comprising a knife (N) heated to a predetermined temperature;

[0016] The cutting device in the step a) comprises a main body (N1) which is installed in the first removal part (A331) in a liftable manner, a knife (N) installed on the shearing part of the main body part (N1), and a heating part (N2) embedded in the main body part (N1) and heating the knife (N);

[0017] The lock bolt (B) for fixing the knife (N) on the main body part (N1) is formed by passing through the pull-out hole (B1) in the length direction and is inserted into the pull-out hole (B1) to elastically support the head part (Ba) and articulate along the tip edge;

[0018] It comprises a deep part member (B2) which is elastically supported to meet in the unfolding direction and has a hanging part (B21) of a length slightly protruding from the outer surface of the threaded part (Bb);

[0019] The lock fastening hole (H) provided on the main body part (N1) extends and connects to the non-threaded lifting groove (H2) of the lower part of the female threaded part (H1), and a pressurizing plate (H2) is inserted into the lifting groove (H2) and elastically supported in the direction of the female threaded part (H1);

[0020] When the lock bolt (B) is inserted through the knife (N) and fastened to the lock fastening hole (H), the snap ring (B21) is forcibly inserted into the inside of the lifting groove (H2), characterized in that the pressure plate (H2) functions as a washer by elastically pressing the lock bolt (B) to the outside.

[0021] Further, the waste glass (G) in step a) is heated to a predetermined temperature, wherein the back sheet (BS) is removed to remove the residual encapsulant.

[0022] Further, a step c) of manufacturing glass beads using the waste glass (G) is further included;

[0023] Step c) includes a step of crushing the waste glass (G) to a predetermined size and recycling, a step of heating and melting the crushed waste glass, a step of blowing and cooling the bead-forming waste glass, a step of washing and drying the cooled glass beads, and a step of coating the surface of the glass beads.

[0024] Further, in the separation of the back sheet (BS) in step a), the joint area EVA adhesive surface of the waste glass (G) and the back sheet (BS) is heated to 100-300°C to reduce the adhesion.

[0025] The present application also provides a glass bead manufactured by the above method.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effect that the method of manufacturing glass beads from waste glass and the glass beads of the present application improve the productivity and quality of the glass beads by more effectively and completely removing impurities in the waste glass, particularly the back sheet forming a photovoltaic panel and the bagging agent, using pure waste glass. In particular, in the case where the interface portion of the waste glass and the back sheet is heated to a predetermined temperature, the interface portion is heated to a predetermined temperature using a cutting tool heated to a predetermined temperature. By cutting the top portion, the back sheet can be effectively separated and removed from the waste solar cell panel, while minimizing the load applied to the blade according to the type and size of the waste solar cell panel, thereby minimizing damage, wear or damage to the blade, while the blade can be simply replaced, thereby saving maintenance costs and time, while providing convenience for operators. In the manufacturing process of the glass microbeads, the durability of the glass microbeads can be improved by the surface coating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a glass bead manufacturing method according to the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 and Figure 3 is a schematic view of a waste glass recycling unit according to the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 is a photograph of a heat treatment member according to the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a photograph of the backplate removal process according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 These are photographs of various stages of the separated waste glass of solar panels according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the knife according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Front view.

[0034] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Partial floor plan.

[0035] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 Side view.

[0036] Figure 11 yes Figure 7 Partial side view.

[0037] Figure 12 This is an embodiment of the frame for a waste glass recycling unit according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 13 This is an embodiment of a press for a waste glass recycling unit according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 14 This is an embodiment of the method for recycling automotive waste glass according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic block diagram of a waste glass recycling method according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 16 and Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the anti-loosening structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] M: Waste glass recycling method; M1: Frame removal steps;

[0044] M2: Back panel separation step; M3: Bag body separation step;

[0045] M4: Glass bead manufacturing steps;

[0046] A1: Glass recycling unit; A2: Automotive waste glass recycling unit;

[0047] A3: Waste solar panel and waste glass recycling device. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Because the present invention can be modified in various ways and can take many forms, embodiments will be described in detail in the text. However, this is not intended to limit the invention to the specific forms disclosed, but should be understood to include all variations, equivalents, or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0049] In each figure, the same reference numerals, in particular the tens and days digits, or reference numerals with the same tens, days, and letters, indicate components having the same or similar functions; unless otherwise stated, the component referred to by each reference numeral in the figure may be understood as a component conforming to these criteria.

[0050] Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, for ease of understanding, the dimensions or thickness of components are exaggerated as large (or thick), small (or thin), or simplified, but the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as restrictive.

[0051] The terminology used in this specification is for describing particular embodiments (or examples) only and is not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly distinguishes them.

[0052] In this application, the terms "comprising" or "completing" are intended to specify the presence of a feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and not one or more other features or numbers.

[0053] This should be understood as not precluding the possibility of the existence or addition of steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Terms, such as those defined in common dictionaries, have meanings consistent with their intended meanings in the context of the relevant art.

[0055] Unless expressly defined in this application, it shall be interpreted as having meaning and shall not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formalized meaning.

[0056] The terms ~1~, ~2~, etc. used in this specification are only used to distinguish different components and are not limited by the manufacturing order. Their names may differ in the detailed description and claims of this invention.

[0057] For ease of description of the method for manufacturing glass beads from waste glass according to the present invention, and the glass beads thereof, if reference is made... Figure 1 If a general, albeit not strictly defined, directional standard is specified, then the direction of gravity is downwards.

[0058] In the detailed description and claims of the invention in relation to the other accompanying drawings, directions will be described in accordance with those standards unless otherwise specifically mentioned.

[0059] The method for manufacturing glass beads from waste glass and the glass beads of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] This invention relates to a method for manufacturing glass beads from waste glass and the glass beads themselves. Figures 1 to 15 As shown.

[0061] As a method for recycling pure waste glass, a) step M2 of removing the backsheet from a waste solar panel with the frame removed; b) step M3 of removing residual sealant from the waste glass from which the backsheet was removed in step a); and a method for manufacturing glass beads using pure waste glass, comprising: c) step M4 of manufacturing glass beads using the waste glass separated in step a) or the waste glass from which residual sealant was removed in step b).

[0062] a) Step M2 includes heating the waste solar panel to a predetermined temperature, and using a knife N heated to the predetermined temperature to cut the adhesive surfaces of the waste glass G and the backsheet BS from the waste solar panel and separate them.

[0063] In addition, step b) M3 heats the waste glass from step a) to a predetermined temperature to remove residual encapsulant (EVA).

[0064] At this point, depending on the process conditions, the glass beads according to the invention can be manufactured by selecting either the waste glass from step a) or the waste glass from step b). In other words, if the sealant remaining during the removal of the backing plate BS is sufficiently removed, the waste glass from step a) can be used directly in the glass bead manufacturing step without going through step b).

[0065] Step c)M4 includes the steps of crushing the waste glass in step a) or b) into a predetermined particle size and recycling it, heating and melting the crushed waste glass, blowing and cooling the waste glass into beads, washing and drying the cooled glass beads, and coating the surface of the glass beads.

[0066] As mentioned earlier, the waste glass typically used in the manufacture of road sign glass beads has a refractive index of 1.50–1.80, possessing sufficient recursive reflection properties, and its size must be 0.3–mm. Therefore, not all types of waste glass can be recycled. Glass types that meet the relevant requirements should be used, namely ordinary broken glass, such as window glass, industrial glass, automotive waste glass, and waste glass from photovoltaic panels.

[0067] In other words, in this embodiment, waste automotive glass and waste solar panel glass that currently pose environmental problems are recycled in a stable, high-cost, and efficient manner, and these wastes are used to manufacture glass beads for road signs, thereby achieving environmental recycling and resource reuse.

[0068] Therefore, the present invention relates to a waste glass recycling method, which utilizes a broken glass recycling unit A1, an automotive waste glass recycling unit A2, and a solar panel waste glass recycling unit A3 to recycle each type of waste glass in the most suitable manner.

[0069] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, the broken glass recycling unit A1 uses a common jaw crusher or hammer crusher to break broken glass, such as glass windows and industrial glass, into predetermined sizes and recycle them to the glass bead manufacturing unit for further processing. A detailed description of this as a previously known technology is omitted.

[0070] Figure 2 and Figure 3 A schematic structure of a waste glass recycling unit A3 for solar panels is shown.

[0071] The process involves crushing and heating the solar waste glass separated from unit A1 to recycle solar waste glass with a preset particle size. The specific steps are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, as a preparatory step, there is a frame separation step M1. The complete recycling steps include a) backsheet separation step M2 and b) bag agent (EVA, ethylene vinyl acetate) separation step M3.

[0072] refer to Figures 1 to 4 First, the waste glass recycling unit A3 for solar panels has a frame removal section A31 for removing the frame attached to the waste glass of the waste solar panels.

[0073] The frame removal section A31 separates the waste glass from the photovoltaic panels mounted on multiple layers; more precisely, it separates the aluminum material attached to the photovoltaic panels from the frame.

[0074] Waste glass G, from which the frame has been removed in frame removal section A31, is conveyed to removal section A33 via conveyor section A32. This invention heats the backing plate (BS) and residual encapsulating agent (EVA) contained in the waste glass (G) to different temperatures for staged separation (the encapsulating agent removal step can be omitted).

[0075] Therefore, the removal section (A33) should have two heating elements (F) each, but it is also possible to introduce one heating element (F) and set it to different temperatures by the operator, and this should not be construed as limiting the scope of rights.

[0076] In the accompanying drawings, for ease of explanation, the removal part A33 is composed of a first removal part A331 and a second removal part A332, and heating members F are provided on the first removal part A331 and the second removal part A332, respectively, illustrating an embodiment of the configuration.

[0077] The heating element F can be an electric furnace, a gas furnace, a plasma lamp, an electric heating lamp, a fan, a hot wire, an infrared lamp, a heating plate, electromagnetic waves, etc.

[0078] Furthermore, the present invention includes step M2, which involves separating the back plate BS via the first removal section A331, and step M3, which involves reheating the waste glass G via the second removal section A332 to evaporate and remove the residual sealant.

[0079] In the first removal section A331, the joint between the waste glass and the backing plate, i.e. the EVA adhesive surface, is instantaneously heated to 150-250°C to reduce the adhesive force.

[0080] Therefore, the adhesive used for the backsheet is a highly durable polymeric adhesive, such as a two-component polyurethane adhesive. For these polymeric adhesives, separation of the backsheet from the A331 removal section becomes difficult without utilizing high temperatures to reduce adhesion. Therefore, the separation may vary depending on the aging degree of the solar panel waste glass. To reduce the adhesion of the adhesive used on the backsheet in a short time, the heating temperature should be maintained above 100 degrees Celsius. For composite adhesives that are resistant to low-temperature changes but not easily hydrolyzed, separation can be achieved above 200 degrees Celsius.

[0081] Therefore, in order to achieve effective removal of the backing adhesive.

[0082] In addition, in order to facilitate the separation of the back sheet, the back sheet can be easily separated only when the adhesive of the back sheet dissolves, provided that the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) has not undergone phosphating, carbonization or hardening. At this time, the phosphating point of EVA is 260 degrees. Therefore, the heat applied by the first heating section A331 is preferably set to 50 to 250 degrees.

[0083] In addition, the removal section A33 has a cutting device for directly separating and removing the backsheet from the waste glass of the solar panel.

[0084] like Figures 8 to 11 As shown, the cutting device is vertically mounted inside the first removal section A331.

[0085] The main body N1, the blade N installed at the front end of the main body N1 (the rear end based on the conveying direction of the waste solar panel), and the heating part N2 embedded in the main body N1 and heating the blade N.

[0086] The main body N1 is raised and lowered by the lifting unit, positioning the knife N on the conveying path of the waste photovoltaic panel, cutting and separating the boundary area between the waste glass G and the back sheet BS of the waste photovoltaic panel, i.e. the EVA bonding surface.

[0087] In other words, when the waste photovoltaic panel is heated to a certain temperature, causing the adhesive on the back sheet to melt, a knife N heated to a higher temperature than the waste photovoltaic panel passes through the adhesive surface between the waste glass of the waste photovoltaic panel and the back sheet, cutting and separating the waste glass of the waste photovoltaic panel from the back sheet.

[0088] The cross-sectional shape of the blade N can be semi-circular, elliptical, triangular, rhomboid, or parallelogram, depending on the type and size of the photovoltaic panel. When using the blade N to separate waste glass and backsheets from waste photovoltaic panels, the load transmitted to the blade N can be minimized, thereby increasing the lifespan of the blade N and reducing maintenance costs and time.

[0089] The heating unit N2 heats the blade N to 150-600 degrees Celsius, and while maintaining sufficient heat, it cuts the EVA adhesive surface where the waste glass and the back plate are joined, thereby separating the waste glass.

[0090] This heating element N2 performs rapid and accurate separation of the EVA bonding surfaces, preventing damage to the cutting tools.

[0091] In addition, such as Figure 11 As shown, the blade N can be connected to the shearing part of the main body N1 via bolts and nuts, and is replaceable. Preferably, an anti-loosening structure is applied (see...). Figure 16 and Figure 17 To more firmly maintain the connection of knife N, which will be described later.

[0092] Furthermore, the blade N is formed such that the two blades are inclined at an angle of 10 to 45 degrees relative to the center line of the width direction of the blade center end.

[0093] When the blade angle (a) of blade N is less than 10 degrees, the pressure generated by contact with the discarded solar panel is too small, resulting in damage to the discarded solar panel.

[0094] As the panel moves, the cutting operation becomes uneven, reducing speed and accuracy. When the blade angle (a) of blade N exceeds 45 degrees, the pressure generated by the contact between the waste solar panel and blade N is too high, causing the waste solar panel or blade N to be damaged or worn due to stress concentration, thereby increasing maintenance costs and time and reducing recycling efficiency.

[0095] Figure 5 This is a photograph of the process of separating the backplate (BS) through step a).

[0096] For the next step b) M3, the second removal unit A332 applies high-temperature heating to the waste glass after removing the backplate to remove residual bagging agent (EVA) and battery (silicon) adhering to the waste glass. A rack L with a hot wire PL is inserted into the waste glass.

[0097] Alternatively, a direct heating method using a press P with a hot wire PL can be used, an indirect heating method using infrared rays or a fan, or a combination of two or more of these methods can be used.

[0098] At this time, the heat applied to the second removal section A332 is set to 300-700°C.

[0099] Figure 12 and 13 A direct heating method using a frame L and a press P is shown.

[0100] Specifically, when a frame with the function of heating by transferring heat energy through hot wires or other means is bonded to waste glass, and then heated to a temperature of 300-700°C by heating components, the heat is directly transferred to the waste glass through the frame.

[0101] Because heating is done in parallel, energy loss can be minimized, and multiple layers of waste glass stacked on the heating element can work together. By firmly securing the waste glass, damage to the waste glass from EVA evaporation shock or thermal shock can be prevented.

[0102] like Figure 12 As shown, the frame L is a grid-like network formed by multiple openings L4. The upper frame L1 and the lower frame L2, as well as the upper frame L and the lower frame L2, can be made of connecting rods L3. The upper frame (L1 or the lower frame L2) or both are equipped with heat wires PL, which directly transfer heat to the waste glass G through the heat wires PL, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0103] In particular, for the complete recycling of waste glass, a porous section L4 is formed to prevent the waste glass from being damaged by the pressure of the evaporated EVA, thereby enabling effective thermal cycling.

[0104] Furthermore, after being connected to the rack L, the processing time via the heating element is preferably set to about 0.5 to about 6 hours.

[0105] Another direct heating method, such as the one used during the previous back panel removal, involves using a press P with heated wires to directly heat the waste glass, evaporating the EVA through contact heat, reducing energy loss and increasing processing speed. (See...) Figure 13 )

[0106] In addition, if a press P is used to press the waste glass tightly, the waste glass can be firmly fixed, thereby preventing the waste glass from being damaged by EVA evaporation impact or thermal shock. And like the frame above, the press P must form a groove for venting. This can be achieved by making the contact surface P1 of the press P, that is, the surface in contact with the waste glass, a surface with a pleated part P2 instead of a flat surface.

[0107] Specifically, the grooves formed in the folded portion are preferably formed with a depth of 0.1 to 10 mm and a width of 1 to 30 mm, and the gaps between the exhaust channels are preferably formed with a width of 5 to 30 mm.

[0108] Furthermore, to maintain continuity with the first removal section A331, the heating element F of the second removal section A332 can utilize indirect heating methods used in the first removal section A331, such as electricity, gas, plasma lamps, electric heating lamps, fans, hot wires, infrared rays, heating plates, or electromagnetic waves. The temperature is set between 300 and 700 degrees Celsius.

[0109] Figure 6 [A] is a photograph of a discarded solar panel with its frame removed before the backsheet was removed. Figure 6 [B] is a photo of the discarded glass after removing the back panel and EVA. Figure 6 [C] is from Figure 6 The photo in [B] shows the discarded glass from which the battery (C) was removed.

[0110] Subsequently, step c) M4 consists of the following processes: crushing M41, homogenizing M42, melting (beads) M43, blowing and cooling M44, discharging M45, and coating M46.

[0111] exist Figure 2 In this embodiment, as a crushing process, the waste glass recycling unit A3 for solar panels is also equipped with a crushing section A34, which crushes the waste glass from the solar panels into predetermined particle sizes after water washing and chemical cleaning, and then processes it. An embodiment is shown as being fed into a glass bead manufacturing unit. The crushing unit A34 can be connected to the glass bead manufacturing unit, rather than the waste glass recycling unit A3 for solar panels.

[0112] Subsequently, the automotive waste glass recycling unit A2 crushes the input automotive waste glass, removes the thin film generated during crushing, and only recycles automotive waste glass with a predetermined particle size.

[0113] The automotive waste glass recycling unit A2 consists of a crushing section A21, a conveyor section A22, a blower section A23, and a drum screen section A24. Figure 14 As shown.

[0114] First, the crushing section A21 is used in the automotive waste glass crushing step, which achieves crushing by applying physical pressure to the input automotive waste glass.

[0115] The crushing section A21 consists of a conventional modular crusher or hammer crusher, which repeatedly crushes the input waste automotive glass.

[0116] The conveyor conveyor section A22 is configured to move the broken automotive waste glass from the crushing section A21 along the recycling path, and is arranged to tilt upwards (the step of conveying the broken waste glass upwards).

[0117] Preferably, the conveyor brackets A22 are arranged separately in one or more pairs to create gaps between adjacent conveyor brackets.

[0118] The blower unit A23 is located on the conveyor section A22, or more specifically, in the gap space between a pair of conveyor sections A22, and delivers strong airflow to the falling waste car glass. The PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film separated during the crushing process adheres to the waste car glass and is blown away by the strong airflow. At this time, the waste car glass falling under its own weight is initially separated by gravity screening (primary screening stage).

[0119] Furthermore, a rotary screen section A24 is located at the end of a pair of conveyor sections A22, and is configured to perform a secondary separation of the PVB film remaining on the waste automotive glass, which has been separated once by the blow molding section A23, through rotation. At this time, the separated PVB film can be collected in a separate box or hopper.

[0120] The automotive waste glass recycling unit A31 can be configured in multiple ways, allowing each process to be repeated multiple times to improve the separation performance of the PVB membrane, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of rights.

[0121] According to this embodiment, after broken glass, automotive waste glass, and waste solar panel waste glass with the same preset particle size are recycled through their respective different paths in the broken glass recycling unit A1, automotive waste glass recycling unit A2, and waste solar panel waste glass recycling unit A3, the glass beads are assembled together in the glass bead manufacturing unit in order to manufacture glass beads, and undergo the following process. (See...) Figure 15 )

[0122] The waste glass entering the glass bead manufacturing unit, including broken glass, automotive waste glass, and waste solar panel glass processed through multiple steps, has a particle size of 0. Ideally, it should be preset to 3-2 millimeters.

[0123] This is because the current government-designated glass bead KS particle size standard is KS L 2521:2017 No. 1, 850um, for 600um, 300um, and 106um sieves, and for B No. 1, 600um, 300um, and 150um sieves are used, based on the percentage remaining in each sieve.

[0124] In order to stably produce glass beads of the corresponding size, the glass beads must be crushed to a size larger than the corresponding range during the crushing process. Only in this way can stable production be achieved in the subsequent glass bead manufacturing process after screening, because glass beads with uniform particle size distribution can be produced after the process.

[0125] Thus, as a glass bead manufacturing unit, there are glass with a preset particle size, waste automotive glass, and waste solar panels.

[0126] After the waste glass is aggregated, impurities in the crushed waste glass are removed through processes such as water washing and chemical cleaning (using Toluen, MEK, DMC, etc.). Then, glass microspheres are produced in one step through the following melting process and air supply and cooling process.

[0127] More specifically, the waste glass, after impurities have been removed, is mixed in a mixing step. As the mixed waste glass moves along the recycling path and is fed into the furnace, the broken waste glass is thermally melted and forms beads (melting step).

[0128] The beads formed in the melting step are sorted by a vibrating feeder, and the sorted beads are cooled by a blower / cooling jacket in the reactor cooling section.

[0129] Specifically, glass beads form a spherical shape while floating in the reactor. If the glass beads cannot be cooled quickly or are stored in the warehouse after production under latent heat, they will collide with each other, stick together, deform, or deform due to their weight. Because defective products are often produced, cooling jackets or cooling spirals are needed in the reactor cooling section to solve these problems.

[0130] In this embodiment, to improve the cooling efficiency of the air supply and cooling stages and reduce the power consumption of the blower, a water-cooled cooling unit is installed in the reactor cooling section. More specifically, a water-cooled jacket is installed, circulating groundwater. By connecting a thermostat to an external cooling tower, the molten glass beads on the surface are rapidly cooled into spherical shapes, thereby reducing the defect rate of the glass beads and minimizing cooling costs.

[0131] In addition, thermoelectric elements can be installed on the surface of the reactor cooling section to cool the inside and heat the outside, forming protrusions on the reactor surface to maximize cooling efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the electricity and water costs for cooling.

[0132] As described above, when the cooling step is completed, it is washed again to remove surface impurities and a drying step is performed to dry the moisture left by the washing. Then, the beads are manufactured by a screening process to remove defective products from the manufactured beads.

[0133] This invention recycles glass, waste automotive glass, and waste solar panel glass through multiple processes as described above. When manufacturing road sign glass beads using the recycled waste glass, it is heat-treated together with a PVB film.

[0134] Because the glass beads are manufactured with EVA and polycrystalline silicon clearly separated and removed, the detection of lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and antimony (Sb) can be prevented. Furthermore, the appearance and particle size of the glass beads meet the manufacturing standards for glass beads marked with coatings, effectively satisfying performance requirements (refractive index and recursive reflection performance).

[0135] In addition, waste automotive glass, waste solar panel glass, and ordinary broken glass (glass windows, industrial glass, etc.) are crushed and separated through different processes and used to manufacture road sign glass beads.

[0136] By recycling glass beads to a particle size of 2mm, the defect rate in the manufacturing process of glass beads for coating marking can be minimized, while maintaining refractive index and recursive reflection properties that meet standard values.

[0137] Furthermore, the present invention crushes automotive waste glass by installing multiple blowers and a conveyor with a drop, thereby crushing PVB film and the like.

[0138] By improving separation performance through low-temperature and high-temperature secondary heat treatment, EVA and polycrystalline silicon can be reliably separated and removed when crushing waste glass from waste solar panels. This allows for the removal of lead (Pb) from waste automotive glass and waste solar panel glass used to manufacture road sign glass beads, while preventing the detection of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb).

[0139] Meanwhile, in the glass bead manufacturing process, the heating of waste glass can utilize the waste heat generated by the heating component F of the waste glass recycling unit A3 of the waste solar panel.

[0140] In addition, ordinary glass beads can be coated using aminosilane compounds.

[0141] The coating solution used here is made by dissolving 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of aminosilane in 100 parts by weight of water or alcohol, mixing it with glass beads, stirring it in a mixer for 3 to 5 minutes, then separating the liquid phase from the glass beads, and allowing it to be dried naturally or by hot air drying, etc., to coat the surface of the glass beads with aminosilane to improve durability.

[0142] Furthermore, the core bead can be made into a sphere with a size of 5-0.15 mm.

[0143] Meanwhile, the present invention applies the anti-loosening structure to the bolt connection structure between the blade N and the main body N1, which solves the problem of bolts loosening due to vibration or pressure during the cutting process.

[0144] exist Figure 16 and Figure 17 In, with Figure 11 The example shown is different, with the tip portion Na of the blade N directly connected to the upper surface of the body portion N1.

[0145] refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 First, the anti-loosening bolt B for fixing the knife N is formed to pass through the pull-out hole B1 in the length direction and is inserted into the pull-out hole B1. The head Ba is elastically supported and along the edge of the tip.

[0146] It also includes a deep member B2, which is connected to a hinge and elastically supported to rotate in the unfolding direction, and has a suspension portion B21 of a length that protrudes slightly from the outer surface of the threaded portion Bb;

[0147] The anti-loosening fastening hole H provided on the main body N1 has a lifting groove H2 that does not form a thread at the lower part of the female threaded part H1.

[0148] It also includes a pressure plate H2, which is connected to the extension and inserted into the lifting groove H2, and elastically supported along the direction of the female threaded portion H1.

[0149] When the anti-loosening bolt B is inserted through the through-blade N and tightened into the anti-loosening fastening hole H, the retaining ring B21 is forcibly inserted into the inner side of the lifting groove H2, and the pressure plate H2 acts as a washer by elastically pressing the anti-loosening bolt B outward.

[0150] The deep member B2 is elastically supported by a first spring B23 supporting the flange portion B22 so as to be inserted toward the head Ba, and the suspension plate B21 is radially arranged at the tip of the threaded portion Bb and is rotatably connected to each other.

[0151] The retaining piece B21 is elastically supported by the torsion spring to make close contact with the threaded portion Bb. Therefore, when the deep member B2 is inserted, each tip of the retaining piece B21 protrudes more than the thread of the threaded portion Bb. When the deep member B2 is pulled out, the suspension piece B21 is folded and each tip is accommodated inside the threaded portion Bb.

[0152] The pressure plate H2 is supported and elastically supported by the second spring H3 so as to be pulled to the top of the lifting groove H2.

[0153] Therefore, when the anti-loosening bolt B is tightened with a screwdriver, the deep component B2 is pushed and pulled out by the screwdriver, so that the clip B21 does not interfere with the tightening of the screw.

[0154] When the anti-loosening bolt B is tightened to the height of the lifting groove H2, the tip of the deep component B2 presses against the pressure plate H2.

[0155] When the anti-loosening bolt B is fully tightened and the screwdriver is removed, the deep component B2 is introduced, and the clip B21 unfolds and contacts the inside of the lifting groove H2. At this time, the pressure plate H2 strikes the tip of the deep component B2, and the clip B21 is forcibly inserted into the inside of the lifting groove H2 and locked in place.

[0156] At the same time, the pressure plate H2 applies pressure to the anti-loosening bolt B itself in the length direction, thereby generating the same elastic force as the washer, so that the anti-loosening bolt B is stably tightened and held without loosening.

[0157] In describing the present invention above, the method for manufacturing glass beads from waste glass and the glass beads are mainly illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art can make various modifications, alterations and substitutions to the present invention, and these modifications, alterations and substitutions should be interpreted as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing glass beads using waste glass, comprising step a): separating waste glass (G) from waste solar panels; said step a) includes heating the waste solar panels to a predetermined temperature and using a cutting device including a blade (N) heated to the predetermined temperature to cut and separate the adhesive surface of the waste glass (G) and the back sheet (BS) from the solar panel. The cutting device in step a) includes: a main body (N1) that is vertically mounted in the first removal part (A331), a blade (N) mounted on the shearing part of the main body (N1), and a heating part (N2) that is embedded in the main body (N1) and heats the blade (N); The anti-loosening bolt (B) for fixing the knife (N) to the main body (N1) is formed by passing through the pull-out hole (B1) along the length direction and is inserted into the pull-out hole (B1) to make the head (Ba) elastically supported and hinged along the tip edge; It includes a deep member (B2) that is elastically supported to meet in the unfolding direction and has a suspension portion (B21) of a length that protrudes slightly from the outer surface of the threaded portion (Bb). An anti-loosening fastening hole (H) provided on the main body (N1) extends and connects to a non-threaded lifting groove (H2) at the lower part of the female threaded part (H1), and is inserted into the lifting groove (H2), including a pressure plate (H2) that is elastically supported along the direction of the female threaded part (H1). When the locking bolt (B) is inserted into the through-blade (N) and tightened into the locking fastening hole (H), the retaining ring (B21) is forcibly inserted into the inside of the lifting groove (H2). The feature is that the pressure plate (H2) acts as a washer by elastically pressurizing the locking bolt (B) outward.

2. The method for manufacturing glass beads using waste glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: The waste glass (G) from step a) is heated to a predetermined temperature, during which the backing plate (BS) is removed to remove residual encapsulant.

3. A method for manufacturing glass beads using waste glass as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes step c) of manufacturing glass beads using waste glass (G); Step c) includes the steps of crushing waste glass (G) into predetermined particle size and recycling it, heating and melting the crushed waste glass, blowing and cooling the waste glass into beads, washing and drying the cooled glass beads, and coating the surface of the glass beads.

4. The method for manufacturing glass beads from waste glass as described in claim 1, and the glass beads themselves, characterized in that: When separating the back sheet (BS) in step a), the EVA adhesive surface of the joint area between the waste glass (G) and the back sheet (BS) is heated to 100-300°C to reduce the adhesive force.

5. A glass bead, characterized in that, The glass beads are manufactured by the method described in any one of claims 1-4.

Images