Compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking and preparation method thereof
By combining water-soluble soy isoflavones, mannitol, and cetylpyridine bromide with other nutrients, the problem of fruit cracking in the later stages of cucumber fruit development was solved, resulting in a reduction in fruit cracking rate and an increase in yield. It also has a bactericidal effect and is suitable for cucumber cultivation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
Cucumbers are prone to fruit cracking in the later stages of fruit development, which affects their commercial appearance and economic value, and also makes them susceptible to pathogen infection. Current technologies have not been able to effectively solve this problem.
It uses a mixture of water-soluble soybean isoflavones, mannitol, and hexadecylpyridine bromide, along with other nutrients such as urea, ammonium nitrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to form a uniform suspension. This suspension is applied to the soil through irrigation or spraying to regulate the balance of endogenous hormones in plants, enhance the toughness and stress resistance of the fruit peel, and prevent fruit cracking.
It significantly reduces the rate of cucumber cracking, increases yield, and prevents bacterial infection of wounds after cracking through its bactericidal effect. It is environmentally friendly and has a low risk of residue.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer technology, specifically to a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Cucumbers are an important cucurbit vegetable widely cultivated in my country and even worldwide. Their yield and quality directly affect farmers' economic benefits and the effective supply to the market.
[0003] However, during cucumber cultivation, especially in the later stages of fruit development, "fruit cracking" frequently occurs. This refers to longitudinal or transverse cracks or fissures on the fruit surface, sometimes even causing the entire fruit to split open. Fruit cracking not only severely affects the commercial appearance of cucumbers and reduces their economic value, but also provides a pathway for pathogens to infect the fruit, leading to rot, shortening shelf life, and causing significant economic losses to agricultural production. Currently, it is generally believed that cucumber fruit cracking is a physiological disease caused by the combined effects of multiple factors, the main contributing factors of which include:
[0004] 1. Imbalanced water management: Drastic changes in soil moisture are the most critical factor leading to fruit cracking. For example, after a long drought, a sudden large amount of water is poured or heavy rainfall occurs. The pulp cells inside the fruit expand rapidly due to sufficient water, while the growth rate of the outer peel cells is relatively slow, causing the peel to crack due to the internal pressure.
[0005] 2. Imbalance of nutrients: Calcium (Ca) and boron (B) are essential for the structure and stability of cell walls. Calcium is an important component of pectin in cell walls and can enhance the mechanical strength of cell walls. Boron participates in the synthesis of cell walls and helps calcium transport and absorption. When calcium and boron are deficient in soil or their absorption is hindered, the toughness and elasticity of fruit peel cells decrease, making them fragile and prone to cracking.
[0006] 3. Genetic characteristics: Different cucumber varieties have different sensitivities to fruit cracking. Some varieties have thinner skins or structural characteristics that make them more prone to cracking.
[0007] 4. Environmental factors: Drastic changes in temperature and light can also affect the normal development of fruit and increase the risk of fruit cracking. Summary of the Invention
[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a compound fertilizer and its preparation method for preventing cucumber fruit cracking. It has advantages such as increasing cucumber yield and solves the problem of "fruit cracking" that often occurs in the later stages of fruit development.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking, comprising the following raw materials in the indicated weight ratios:
[0010] 2-6 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 1-5 parts mannitol, 5-15 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 35-45 parts urea, 1-5 parts ammonium nitrate, 1-5 parts calcium nitrate, 5-12 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-5 parts water-soluble humate, 1-5 parts calcium chloride, 2-8 parts magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts EDTA-Mg, 6-9 parts boric acid, and 5-10 parts water.
[0011] Furthermore, the raw materials include the following parts by weight: 5 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 5 parts mannitol, 5 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 40 parts urea, 3 parts ammonium nitrate, 4 parts calcium nitrate, 8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts water-soluble humate, 2 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts magnesium sulfate, 5 parts EDTA-Mg, 8 parts boric acid, and 10 parts water.
[0012] Furthermore, the raw materials include the following parts by weight: 2 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 5 parts mannitol, 5 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 40 parts urea, 3 parts ammonium nitrate, 4 parts calcium nitrate, 8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts water-soluble humate, 2 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts magnesium sulfate, 5 parts EDTA-Mg, 8 parts boric acid, and 10 parts water.
[0013] Furthermore, the raw materials include the following parts by weight: 2 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 5 parts mannitol, 10 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 40 parts urea, 3 parts ammonium nitrate, 4 parts calcium nitrate, 8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts water-soluble humate, 2 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts magnesium sulfate, 5 parts EDTA-Mg, 8 parts boric acid, and 10 parts water.
[0014] Furthermore, the following steps are included:
[0015] S1: Strictly screen the raw materials, remove those that do not meet the quality requirements, and ensure that the purity and quality of each raw material meet the standards for subsequent processing and use.
[0016] S2: Accurately weigh the raw materials that have passed the screening in step S1 according to different weight proportions;
[0017] S3: Place the weighed raw materials from step S2 into a stirring container at room temperature, and stir with a mechanical stirrer at a medium speed until all components are evenly dispersed and completely dissolved to form a homogeneous suspension.
[0018] S4: Dispense the suspension prepared in step S3 into suitable containers, seal and store for later use;
[0019] S5: During the cucumber fruiting period, select the cucumber variety "Shenglv". Take out the compound fertilizer from step S4 above at a rate of 10 kg per acre, dilute it with water 300 times, and apply it evenly to the soil by irrigation or spraying. Perform the fertilization operation once every seven days.
[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, the weighing of raw materials is completed by an automated proportioning device. The automated proportioning device includes multiple raw material storage bins, each of which corresponds to a different raw material. It is equipped with a high-precision electronic scale, which can automatically weigh each raw material according to a preset weight ratio to ensure that the weighing accuracy reaches ±0.1%.
[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, the stirring container is a stainless steel stirring tank with a sealed lid, and the stirring device includes a motor-driven main shaft and multi-layer propeller-type stirring blades mounted on the main shaft.
[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the medium rotation speed is 300-600 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes.
[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the dispensing container is a well-sealed plastic bucket or glass bottle, and the dispensing process is carried out in a dust-free environment to prevent impurities from entering.
[0024] Furthermore, in step S5, the fertilization time is 9-11 am or 3-5 pm during the cucumber fruiting period to avoid affecting the fertilizer effect during high-temperature periods.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0026] This invention is the first to combine water-soluble soy isoflavones, mannitol, and hexadecylpyridine bromide in a synergistic manner to prevent fruit cracking and increase cucumber yield. Water-soluble soy isoflavones regulate the balance of endogenous hormones in cucumber plants, promote uniform fruit development, and enhance the toughness and stress resistance of pericarp cells. Mannitol maintains cell osmotic pressure, protects cell structure, and reduces the risk of cell rupture caused by drastic water changes when cucumbers encounter water stress. Hexadecylpyridine bromide improves the dispersibility and leaf adhesion of the components in solution, promotes absorption of the components through leaf stomata or cuticle, and also has a certain bactericidal effect, preventing bacterial infection at the wound site after fruit cracking. All three substances are environmentally friendly, have low residue risk in agricultural products, and significantly reduce the fruit cracking rate. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the effects of different ratios of water-soluble soy isoflavones on cucumber fruit cracking rate and yield;
[0028] Figure 2A schematic diagram showing the effects of different ratios of mannitol on cucumber fruit cracking rate and yield;
[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the effects of different ratios of hexadecylpyridine bromide on the fruit cracking rate and yield of cucumber. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] Example 1: Study on the effect of water-soluble soy isoflavone dosage on cucumber fruit cracking and yield:
[0032] The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 5 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 5 parts mannitol, 5 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 40 parts urea, 3 parts ammonium nitrate, 4 parts calcium nitrate, 8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts water-soluble humate, 2 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts magnesium sulfate, 5 parts EDTA-Mg, 8 parts boric acid, and 10 parts water.
[0033] Includes the following steps:
[0034] S1: Strictly screen the raw materials, remove those that do not meet the quality requirements, and ensure that the purity and quality of each raw material meet the standards for subsequent processing and use.
[0035] S2: Accurately weigh the raw materials that have passed the screening in step S1 according to different weight proportions;
[0036] S3: Place the weighed raw materials from step S2 into a stirring container at room temperature, and stir with a mechanical stirrer at a medium speed until all components are evenly dispersed and completely dissolved to form a homogeneous suspension.
[0037] S4: Dispense the suspension prepared in step S3 into suitable containers, seal and store for later use;
[0038] S5: During the cucumber fruiting period, select the cucumber variety "Shenglv". Take out the compound fertilizer from step S4 above at a rate of 10 kg per acre, dilute it with water 300 times, and apply it evenly to the soil by irrigation or spraying. Perform the fertilization operation once every seven days.
[0039] In step S2, the weighing of raw materials is completed by an automated proportioning device. The automated proportioning device includes multiple raw material storage bins, each corresponding to one type of raw material, and is equipped with a high-precision electronic scale. It can automatically weigh each raw material according to the preset weight ratio, ensuring a weighing accuracy of ±0.1%. In step S3, the stirring container is a stainless steel stirring tank with a sealed lid. The stirring device includes a motor-driven main shaft and multi-layer propeller-type stirring blades mounted on the main shaft. The medium speed in step S3 is 300-600 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes. In step S4, the dispensing container is a well-sealed plastic bucket or glass bottle. The dispensing process is carried out in a dust-free environment to prevent impurities from entering. In step S5, the fertilization time is 9-11 am or 3-5 pm during the cucumber fruiting period to avoid the high temperature period affecting the fertilizer effect.
[0040] Understandably, as shown in Table 1, it can be seen that with the increase of water-soluble soy isoflavone addition, the cucumber cracking rate gradually decreased. In terms of yield, the yield reached its peak when the addition amount was increased to 5 parts; if the addition amount continued to increase, the yield decreased. After exceeding 5 parts, the cracking rate slightly rebounded, but the increase was relatively limited. Therefore, considering the cracking rate, yield and cost, 2-6 parts was selected as the addition amount of water-soluble soy isoflavones, with 5 parts being the optimal amount.
[0041] Example 2: Study on the effect of mannitol dosage on cucumber fruit cracking and yield:
[0042] The ingredients include the following proportions by weight: 2 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 5 parts mannitol, 5 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 40 parts urea, 3 parts ammonium nitrate, 4 parts calcium nitrate, 8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts water-soluble humate, 2 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts magnesium sulfate, 5 parts EDTA-Mg, 8 parts boric acid, and 10 parts water.
[0043] Includes the following steps:
[0044] S1: Strictly screen the raw materials, remove those that do not meet the quality requirements, and ensure that the purity and quality of each raw material meet the standards for subsequent processing and use.
[0045] S2: Accurately weigh the raw materials that have passed the screening in step S1 according to different weight proportions;
[0046] S3: Place the weighed raw materials from step S2 into a stirring container at room temperature, and stir with a mechanical stirrer at a medium speed until all components are evenly dispersed and completely dissolved to form a homogeneous suspension.
[0047] S4: Dispense the suspension prepared in step S3 into suitable containers, seal and store for later use;
[0048] S5: During the cucumber fruiting period, select the cucumber variety "Shenglv". Take out the compound fertilizer from step S4 above at a rate of 10 kg per acre, dilute it with water 300 times, and apply it evenly to the soil by irrigation or spraying. Perform the fertilization operation once every seven days.
[0049] In step S2, the weighing of raw materials is completed by an automated proportioning device. The automated proportioning device includes multiple raw material storage bins, each corresponding to one type of raw material, and is equipped with a high-precision electronic scale. It can automatically weigh each raw material according to the preset weight ratio, ensuring a weighing accuracy of ±0.1%. In step S3, the stirring container is a stainless steel stirring tank with a sealed lid. The stirring device includes a motor-driven main shaft and multi-layer propeller-type stirring blades mounted on the main shaft. The medium speed in step S3 is 300-600 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes. In step S4, the dispensing container is a well-sealed plastic bucket or glass bottle. The dispensing process is carried out in a dust-free environment to prevent impurities from entering. In step S5, the fertilization time is 9-11 am or 3-5 pm during the cucumber fruiting period to avoid the high temperature period affecting the fertilizer effect.
[0050] Understandably, as shown in Table 2, it can be seen that with the increase of mannitol addition, the cucumber cracking rate first decreased and then slightly increased, while the yield first increased and then decreased. Therefore, 1-5 parts were selected as the mannitol addition amount. When the addition amount was 5 parts, the yield and anti-cracking effect were both optimal.
[0051] Example 3: Study on the effect of hexadecylpyridine bromide dosage on cucumber fruit cracking and yield:
[0052] The ingredients include the following parts by weight: 2 parts water-soluble soy isoflavones, 5 parts mannitol, 10 parts hexadecylpyridine bromide, 40 parts urea, 3 parts ammonium nitrate, 4 parts calcium nitrate, 8 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts water-soluble humate, 2 parts calcium chloride, 6 parts magnesium sulfate, 5 parts EDTA-Mg, 8 parts boric acid, and 10 parts water.
[0053] Includes the following steps:
[0054] S1: Strictly screen the raw materials, remove those that do not meet the quality requirements, and ensure that the purity and quality of each raw material meet the standards for subsequent processing and use.
[0055] S2: Accurately weigh the raw materials that have passed the screening in step S1 according to different weight proportions;
[0056] S3: Place the weighed raw materials from step S2 into a stirring container at room temperature, and stir with a mechanical stirrer at a medium speed until all components are evenly dispersed and completely dissolved to form a homogeneous suspension.
[0057] S4: Dispense the suspension prepared in step S3 into suitable containers, seal and store for later use;
[0058] S5: During the cucumber fruiting period, select the cucumber variety "Shenglv". Take out the compound fertilizer from step S4 above at a rate of 10 kg per acre, dilute it with water 300 times, and apply it evenly to the soil by irrigation or spraying. Perform the fertilization operation once every seven days.
[0059] In step S2, the weighing of raw materials is completed by an automated proportioning device. The automated proportioning device includes multiple raw material storage bins, each corresponding to one type of raw material, and is equipped with a high-precision electronic scale. It can automatically weigh each raw material according to the preset weight ratio, ensuring a weighing accuracy of ±0.1%. In step S3, the stirring container is a stainless steel stirring tank with a sealed lid. The stirring device includes a motor-driven main shaft and multi-layer propeller-type stirring blades mounted on the main shaft. The medium speed in step S3 is 300-600 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes. In step S4, the dispensing container is a well-sealed plastic bucket or glass bottle. The dispensing process is carried out in a dust-free environment to prevent impurities from entering. In step S5, the fertilization time is 9-11 am or 3-5 pm during the cucumber fruiting period to avoid the high temperature period affecting the fertilizer effect.
[0060] Understandably, as shown in Table 3, the results indicate that the cucumber fruit cracking rate gradually decreases with increasing cetylpyridine bromide content. The decrease in cracking rate diminishes after adding 10 parts. In terms of yield, the yield reaches its peak when the addition amount is increased to 10 parts. If the addition amount is further increased, the yield decreases. Therefore, considering the fruit cracking rate, yield, and cost, 5-15 parts of cetylpyridine bromide are selected as the optimal addition amount, with 10 parts being the best.
[0061] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0062] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking, characterized by comprising: The raw materials include the following components in the following proportions by weight: Water-soluble soybean isoflavones 2-6 parts, mannitol 1-5 parts, cetylpyridinium bromide 5-15 parts, urea 35-45 parts, ammonium nitrate 1-5 parts, calcium nitrate 1-5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-12 parts, water-soluble humic acid salt 1-5 parts, calcium chloride 1-5 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-8 parts, EDTA-Mg 3-5 parts, boric acid 6-9 parts, and water 5-10 parts.
2. The compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components in the following proportions by weight:
3. The compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water-soluble soybean isoflavones 2 parts, mannitol 5 parts, cetylpyridinium bromide 5 parts, urea 40 parts, ammonium nitrate 3 parts, calcium nitrate 4 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8 parts, water-soluble humic acid salt 5 parts, calcium chloride 2 parts, magnesium sulfate 6 parts, EDTA-Mg 5 parts, boric acid 8 parts, and water 10 parts.
4. The compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components in the following proportions by weight:
5. A preparation method of the compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking, comprising the compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Water-soluble soybean isoflavones 2 parts, mannitol 5 parts, cetylpyridinium bromide 5 parts, urea 40 parts, ammonium nitrate 3 parts, calcium nitrate 4 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8 parts, water-soluble humic acid salt 5 parts, calcium chloride 2 parts, magnesium sulfate 6 parts, EDTA-Mg 5 parts, boric acid 8 parts, and water 10 parts. The method includes the following steps: S1: Strictly screening the raw materials, and removing the parts that do not meet the quality requirements in the above raw materials, to ensure that the purity and quality of each raw material meet the subsequent processing use standards; S2: Accurately weighing each raw material that has passed the screening in the S1 step according to different proportions by weight; S3: Placing each raw material weighed in the S2 step in a stirring container at room temperature, and stirring with a mechanical stirrer at a medium speed until all components are uniformly dispersed and completely dissolved, to form a uniform suspension agent; S4: Dividing the suspension agent prepared in the S3 step into suitable containers, and sealing and storing for standby use; 6. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that: S5: During the fruiting period of cucumbers, selecting cucumber variety "Shenglv", taking out the compound fertilizer in the S4 step at a dosage of 10 kg per mu each time, diluting the compound fertilizer with water at a dilution ratio of 300 times, and uniformly applying the diluted compound fertilizer to the soil by irrigation or spraying, and performing the fertilization operation every seven days.
7. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S2, the weighing of the raw materials is completed by an automatic proportioning device, which includes a plurality of raw material storage bins, each corresponding to one kind of raw material, and is equipped with a high-precision electronic scale, which can automatically weigh each raw material according to the preset proportions by weight, and ensure that the weighing accuracy reaches ±0.1%.
8. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S3, the stirring container is a stainless steel stirring tank with a sealing cover, and the stirring device includes a motor-driven main shaft and a plurality of multilayer propeller stirring blades installed on the main shaft. In the step S3, the medium speed is 300-600 revolutions per minute, and the stirring time is 30-60 minutes.
9. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sub-packaging container in the step S4 is a plastic bucket or a glass bottle with good sealing performance, and the sub-packaging process is carried out in a dust-free environment to prevent impurities from being mixed.
10. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing cucumber fruit cracking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fertilization time in the step S5 is 9-11 am or 3-5 pm in the fruit setting period of the cucumber to avoid the influence of high temperature period on the fertilizer effect.