Shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The invention discloses a shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method and device, a medium and a product, and relates to the technical field of shield tunnel structure health monitoring and safety assessment, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an initial hexagonal auxiliary model of a shield pipe ring section; acquiring strain data of the bolt in real time; determining a maximum deflection value and a circular seam opening angle of the bolt based on the inner cambered surface strain and the outer cambered surface strain; determining a deformed hexagonal auxiliary model based on the axial tensile strain, the maximum deflection value and the circular seam opening angle; and determining the vertical convergence deformation and the horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel pipe ring based on the angle variation of any vertex angle in the hexagonal auxiliary model and the circular seam opening angle of the vertex angle, so as to monitor the convergence deformation of the shield tunnel. According to the method, the accuracy and efficiency of shield tunnel deformation monitoring can be improved, and reliable technical support is provided for tunnel structure safety evaluation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield tunnel structure health monitoring and safety evaluation, in particular to a shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, device, medium and product. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shield tunnel segment is connected by circumferential bolts to form a whole structure, and the bolt deformation (axial tension, deflection) directly reflects the mechanical state of the segment ring joint. The ring joint opening angle and the tunnel convergence are the core indicators for evaluating the stability of the structure. In related technologies, the traditional convergence calculation idealizes the segment deformation as rigid body rotation, assuming that the ring joint rotates around a fixed edge point, without considering the dynamic shift of the rotation center caused by the crushing of the concrete in the segment joint compression area when the tunnel deformation increases. The error is significant in large deformation scenarios (for example, patent application CN117113728A). At the same time, related bolt strain monitoring only focuses on single-point force data collection and does not establish a quantitative correlation between strain and ring joint opening angle and tunnel convergence. It cannot realize the coordinated analysis of "mechanical response-geometric deformation", resulting in a lack of mechanism support for the monitoring results, making it difficult to accurately guide the safety evaluation of the tunnel structure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a coupling monitoring method that can dynamically invert the ring joint state through multi-dimensional bolt strain and then deduce the tunnel convergence deformation. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, device, medium and product, which can improve the accuracy and efficiency of shield tunnel deformation monitoring and provide reliable technical support for tunnel structure safety evaluation.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method, comprising: constructing an initial hexagonal auxiliary model of a shield segment ring section; obtaining strain data of the bolt in real time; the strain data includes axial tension strain, inner arc surface strain and outer arc surface strain; the bolt is used to connect the shield segment to form a shield segment ring; determining the maximum deflection value of the bolt and the ring joint opening angle based on the inner arc surface strain and the outer arc surface strain; determining a deformed hexagonal auxiliary model based on the axial tension strain, the maximum deflection value and the ring joint opening angle; determining the vertical convergence deformation and the horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel segment ring based on the angle change amount of any one vertex angle in the hexagonal auxiliary model and the ring joint opening angle of the vertex angle, to realize the monitoring of the convergence deformation of the shield tunnel; the angle change amount is determined based on the initial hexagonal auxiliary model and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model.

[0005] In one embodiment, strain data is collected using fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, and the strain data collected by each fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is acquired in real time using a fiber Bragg grating demodulator to obtain the strain data of the bolt; multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are connected in series to form a fiber Bragg grating string; the fiber Bragg grating string is disposed in the upper groove, the lower groove, and the axial groove; the upper groove and the lower groove are symmetrically formed on the inner and outer arc surfaces of the bolts connecting the shield tunnel segments along the axis; the axial groove is formed on the side of the bolt along the axis.

[0006] In one embodiment, the process of determining the maximum deflection value of the bolt and the circumferential opening angle based on the strain of the inner arc surface and the strain of the outer arc surface includes: The strain difference of each monitoring section is determined based on the strain of the inner arc surface and the strain of the outer arc surface; The section bending moment is determined based on the strain difference at each monitoring section and the material parameters of the bolts. The deflection distribution of the bolt is determined based on the bending moment of the cross section using the flexural difference equation. The maximum deflection value and the maximum deflection point are determined based on the deflection distribution of the bolt; The circumferential joint opening angle is determined based on the maximum deflection point and the deflection distribution of the bolt.

[0007] In one embodiment, the process of determining the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model based on the axial tensile strain, the maximum deflection value, and the circumferential joint opening angle includes: The axial displacement of the bolt's central axis is determined based on the axial tensile strain. The total axial displacement of the circumferential joint critical line is determined based on the axial displacement of the axis and the circumferential joint opening angle. The vertex coordinates of the deformed hexagon are determined based on the maximum deflection value and the total axial displacement of the key line of the circumferential joint, so as to determine the auxiliary model of the deformed hexagon.

[0008] In one embodiment, the shield tunnel ring is formed by shield tunnel segments; the shield tunnel segments are standard segment B1, standard segment B2, standard segment B3, adjacent segment L1, adjacent segment L2, and capping segment M; adjacent shield tunnel segments of the shield tunnel ring are connected by circumferential bolts, and the central angles of the capping segment M, adjacent segment L1, standard segment B1, standard segment B2, standard segment B3, and adjacent segment L2 before the shield tunnel deforms are respectively ; The initial hexagonal auxiliary model is represented as ABCDEF, and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model is represented as... Among them, point A is the rotation point of the capping piece M near the adjacent piece L2, point B is the rotation point of the capping piece M near the adjacent piece L1, point C is the rotation point of the adjacent piece L1 near the standard piece B1, point D is the rotation point of the standard piece B1 near the standard piece B2, point E is the rotation point of the standard piece B2 near the standard piece B3, and point F is the rotation point of the standard piece B3 near the adjacent piece L2. Corresponding one-to-one with A, B, C, D, E, and F; the central angles of the deformed capping piece M, adjacent piece L1, standard piece B1, standard piece B2, standard piece B3, and adjacent piece L2 are respectively .

[0009] In one embodiment, the process of determining the vertical convergence deformation of the tunnel ring based on the angular change of any vertex in the hexagonal auxiliary model and the annular joint opening angle of that vertex includes: Taking point B, where the capping piece M and the adjacent piece L1 are close together, as the research object, the opening angle of the circumferential joint between the capping piece M and the adjacent piece L1 after deformation is expressed as: , ; In the formula, This represents the change in the angle of the vertex of point B before and after the deformation. This represents the vertex angle of point B before deformation. Indicates after deformation The vertex angle of a point This indicates the midpoint angle before deformation. Indicates the midpoint angle after deformation; ; In the formula, , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point B, respectively. , ; , Let H and Y represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point H, respectively. Point H represents the projection of point B onto the x-axis. , ; , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point C, respectively. , , , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point D, respectively. , ; Indicates the outer radius of the shield tunnel; Indicates the thickness of the tunnel lining segments; ; In the formula, , They represent the results after deformation. The x and y coordinates of a point , ; , They represent The x and y coordinates of a point , ; , They represent The x and y coordinates of a point , ; Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment, Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment; These represent the points B before and after deformation, respectively. Point C to Point D to The displacement of the point; ; ; The final vertical convergence deformation of the tunnel ring is obtained. .

[0010] In one embodiment, the process of determining the horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel ring is as follows: ; In the formula, This indicates the change in the length of DK before and after deformation. Indicates the length of DK before deformation, Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment ED; K represents the projection point of auxiliary point Q onto the extension of line segment ED, where auxiliary point Q is the intersection of the x-axis and CD; ; ; ; ; In the formula, I represents the projection point of point C onto the extension of line segment ED; This indicates the length of QK before deformation; Indicates the length of CI before deformation; Indicates the length of DI before deformation; This represents the angle of the vertex of point D in the hexagonal auxiliary model before deformation; ; ; ; ; ; In the formula, Indicates after deformation Length, This represents the corresponding point after the deformation of point I. Indicates after deformation Length; Indicates after deformation Length; This represents the angle of the vertex of point D in the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model. This represents the circumferential seam opening angle between standard piece B1 and standard piece B2 in the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model; The final result is the horizontal convergent deformation of the tunnel ring. .

[0011] Secondly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method described in any one of the above.

[0012] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method described in any one of the above.

[0013] Fourthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method described in any one of the above descriptions.

[0014] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: This application provides a method, equipment, medium, and product for monitoring the convergence deformation of shield tunnels. It acquires bolt strain data in real time, determines the maximum deflection value and circumferential joint opening angle of the bolt based on the strain of the inner and outer arc surfaces, and then determines a deformed hexagonal auxiliary model based on the axial tensile strain, maximum deflection value, and circumferential joint opening angle. The circumferential joint state is dynamically inverted through multi-dimensional bolt strain data, and the geometric deformation is analyzed through mechanical responses (bending moment, deflection, rotation angle). The vertical and horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel ring are determined based on the angular change of any vertex in the initial and deformed hexagonal auxiliary models and the circumferential joint opening angle of that vertex. This enables the monitoring of the convergence deformation of shield tunnels, achieving a closed-loop analysis of "strain monitoring → deformation prediction" and a collaborative analysis of mechanical and geometric monitoring. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of shield tunnel deformation monitoring and provides reliable technical support for tunnel structural safety assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a shield tunnel ring structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the joint and bolt morphology of a shield tunnel ring before deformation, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel segment rotating and opening around the outer edge of the joint when the tunnel deformation is small, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a cross-section showing crushing and breaking of the outer edge region of the segment joint when the tunnel deformation increases, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt slotting of a tunnel segment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber Bragg grating string installation provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a shield tunnel segment bolt deflection calculation model provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bolt hole position and the initial position of the keyline before deformation, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bolt hole position and keyline deformation after deformation, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the initial hexagonal auxiliary model in the calculation of vertical convergence deformation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the hexagonal auxiliary model after deformation in the calculation of vertical convergence deformation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the initial hexagonal auxiliary model in the calculation of horizontal convergent deformation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model in the calculation of horizontal convergent deformation provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1: Bolt, 1-1: Upper groove, 1-2: Lower groove, 1-3: Axial groove, 2-1: First fiber Bragg grating string, 2-2: Second fiber Bragg grating string, 2-3: Third fiber Bragg grating string, 3: Fiber Bragg grating demodulator. Detailed Implementation

[0018] When the tunnel segments of a shield tunnel are subjected to an overhead load, they will deform. Since the design strength of the segments is usually high, the deformation is generally small and negligible. However, the connection points between the segments are weak points in terms of connection strength and are common locations for deformation. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Taking the deformation of a shield tunnel segment under surface loading as an example, the tunnel segment mainly exhibits a "flattened" state. The rotational opening angle of two adjacent shield segments together forms the joint opening angle, and the intersection of the contacting edge interfaces of the segments is the rotation center point. The movement of the segments exerts a traction effect on the circumferential bolts, causing deformation of the circumferential bolts and resulting in changes in the strain of the circumferential bolts. Therefore, by sensing the changes in the strain of the circumferential bolts, the changes in the joint opening angle and rotation center point between two shield segments can be characterized, thereby characterizing the deformation of the shield tunnel and enabling the monitoring of shield tunnel convergence.

[0021] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for monitoring the convergence deformation of a shield tunnel is provided, including: S1, Construct the initial hexagonal auxiliary model of the shield tunnel ring section.

[0022] A rectangular coordinate system is established with the center point of the shield tunnel ring as the origin, the horizontal direction of the shield tunnel ring as the x-axis, and the vertical direction of the shield tunnel ring as the y-axis. Based on the geometric relationship of the initial hexagonal auxiliary model, the angle of any vertex of the hexagon can be determined by the vertex coordinates in the rectangular coordinate system.

[0023] S2 acquires real-time strain data for the bolts. This strain data includes axial tensile strain, inner arc surface strain, and outer arc surface strain. The bolts are used to connect the tunnel segments to form the tunnel ring.

[0024] S3, based on the strain of the inner arc surface and the strain of the outer arc surface, determines the maximum deflection value of the bolt and the opening angle of the circumferential joint.

[0025] S4, the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model is determined based on axial tensile strain, maximum deflection value and circumferential seam opening angle.

[0026] S5 determines the vertical and horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel ring based on the angular change of any vertex in the hexagonal auxiliary model and the opening angle of the annular joint at that vertex, thus enabling monitoring of the convergence deformation of the shield tunnel. The angular change is determined based on the initial hexagonal auxiliary model and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model.

[0027] In one embodiment, the shield tunnel ring (i.e., the shield tunnel segment) is formed from shield segments. The shield segments are: standard segment B1, standard segment B2, standard segment B3, adjacent segments L1, adjacent segments L2, and capping segment M. Figure 2 As shown. Standard piece B2 is located at the bottom of the arch, standard pieces B1 and B3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of standard piece B2, capping piece M is located at the top of the arch, and adjacent pieces L1 and L2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of capping piece M, with standard piece B1 and adjacent piece L1 on the same side.

[0028] Adjacent shield tunnel segments are connected by circumferential bolts. Before the shield tunnel deforms, the central angles of the capping segment M, adjacent segment L1, standard segment B1, standard segment B2, standard segment B3, and adjacent segment L2 are respectively... .

[0029] The initial hexagonal auxiliary model (i.e., the hexagonal auxiliary model before deformation) is represented as ABCDEF, and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model is represented as... Point A is the rotation point of the capping piece M near the adjacent piece L2; point B is the rotation point of the capping piece M near the adjacent piece L1; point C is the rotation point of the adjacent piece L1 near the standard piece B1; point D is the rotation point of the standard piece B1 near the standard piece B2; point E is the rotation point of the standard piece B2 near the standard piece B3; and point F is the rotation point of the standard piece B3 near the adjacent piece L2. Corresponding one-to-one with A, B, C, D, E, and F. The central angles of the deformed capping piece M, adjacent piece L1, standard piece B1, standard piece B2, standard piece B3, and adjacent piece L2 are respectively... .

[0030] Based on this, the tunnel cross-section was selected as the research object, and the rotation centers of each shield tunnel segment within the cross-section were sequentially connected to form a hexagonal auxiliary model. A rectangular coordinate system was established with the center point of the shield tunnel ring as the origin (O), the horizontal direction as the x-axis (pointing to the right horizontal diameter endpoint of the tunnel ring), and the vertical direction as the y-axis (pointing to the top numerical diameter endpoint of the tunnel ring). The center of the tunnel ring is the center of the inner circle of the shield tunnel ring before deformation and remains fixed after deformation.

[0031] Based on the geometric relationships of the initial hexagonal auxiliary model, the angle of any vertex before deformation is determined by the coordinates of the hexagonal vertices (relative to the origin O). After deformation, this is combined with the vertical convergence deformation of the shield tunnel (…). (along the y-axis) and horizontal convergent deformation ( (along the x-axis), correct the vertex coordinates and determine the angle of the corresponding vertex. During deformation, the shield tunnel segment rotates around the inner or outer edge of the joint (i.e., the rotation point).

[0032] In one embodiment, to monitor bolt strain data in multiple dimensions, fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are used to collect strain data, and the strain data collected by each fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is acquired in real time using a fiber Bragg grating demodulator to obtain the bolt strain data. Multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are connected in series to form a fiber Bragg grating string. The fiber Bragg grating string is installed in the upper groove 1-1, the lower groove 1-2, and the axial groove 1-3. The upper groove 1-1 and the lower groove 1-2 are symmetrically formed along the axis on the inner and outer arc surfaces of the bolts 1 connecting the tunnel segments. The axial groove 1-3 is formed along the axis on the side of the bolt.

[0033] Among them, the upper groove 1-1 and the lower groove 1-2 are symmetrical about the axis of bolt 1 and have the same length as bolt 1; the axial groove 1-3 is located in the middle of the side of bolt 1, and its cross-sectional dimensions are the same as those of the upper and lower grooves, and it is spatially distributed at 90° with the upper groove 1-1 and the lower groove 1-2; the fiber grating strings in the upper groove 1-1 and the lower groove 1-2 are used to measure the inner arc surface strain and outer arc surface strain of bolt 1, and the fiber grating string in the axial groove 1-3 is used to measure the axial tensile strain of bolt 1.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, before deformation, bolt 1 connecting the tunnel segments is in its initial state, with the circumferential joint closed. Taking the inner side of the tunnel ring opening as an example, as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, since the design strength of the tunnel segments is usually high, they generally do not produce significant deformation, which can be ignored. However, the connection points between the segments are weak points in terms of connection strength and are common locations for deformation. When the deformation of the shield tunnel is small, the segments rotate and open around the inner or outer edge of the joint, which can be simplified as a rigid body rotation. However, as the deformation of the shield tunnel increases, the concrete in the compression area at the segment joints crushes, and the segments are no longer idealized rigid bodies rotating.

[0035] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, upper groove 1-1 and lower groove 1-2 are symmetrically formed along the axis (x-axis) on the inner and outer arc surfaces of bolt 1, with a center-to-center spacing of 2r (r is the bolt hole radius). An axial groove 1-3 is formed on the side of bolt 1 along the axis, with dimensions identical to the upper and lower grooves 1-1 and 1-2, and distributed at 90° angles to them. A first fiber Bragg grating string 2-1 is implanted in upper groove 1-1, a second fiber Bragg grating string 2-2 is implanted in lower groove 1-2, and a third fiber Bragg grating string 2-3 is implanted in axial groove 1-3. Multiple uniformly distributed fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are connected in series on the fiber Bragg grating strings, arranged in the same cross-section as the upper and lower surfaces, to measure the axial strain along the central axis. The grooves on the inner and outer arc surfaces are filled with epoxy resin for encapsulation. The positions of the multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors connected in series on the three fiber Bragg grating strings are the bolt strain monitoring points. The signal from the fiber Bragg grating string is transmitted via its built-in fiber optic cable. After passing through the fiber optic holes at the corresponding positions on the nut, the fiber optic cable exits from the top surface of the nut and connects to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 3. The fiber Bragg grating demodulator 3 is used to read the strain of the inner arc surface, the strain of the outer arc surface, and the axial tensile strain. The length of the fiber optic cable can be arbitrarily extended according to the signal transmission distance requirements, enabling remote real-time monitoring of each monitoring point on the bolt.

[0036] In one embodiment, step S3 includes: determining the strain difference of each monitoring section based on the strain of the inner and outer arc surfaces; determining the section bending moment based on the strain difference of each monitoring section and the bolt material parameters (e.g., bolt Young's modulus, bolt diameter); determining the bolt deflection distribution based on the section bending moment using the deflection difference equation; determining the maximum deflection value and the maximum deflection point based on the bolt deflection distribution; and determining the circumferential joint opening angle based on the maximum deflection point and the bolt deflection distribution.

[0037] The implementation process of step S4 includes: determining the axial displacement of the bolt's central axis based on the axial tensile strain; determining the total axial displacement of the circumferential joint critical line based on the axial displacement of the axis and the circumferential joint opening angle; and determining the vertex coordinates of the deformed hexagon based on the maximum deflection value and the total axial displacement of the circumferential joint critical line to determine the auxiliary model of the deformed hexagon.

[0038] In this embodiment, a bolt deflection difference equation is first established, and then a bolt deflection calculation model is established, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the axial deflection distribution of bolt 1 is obtained based on the strain data of each monitoring point. The origin of the coordinate system is the center of the circumferential joint at the initial moment (i.e., before deformation). Establish a coordinate system for calculating circumferential joint deformation. The shaft is along the direction of the bolt axis. Axis perpendicular Axially upwards. The cross-section of the bolt position before deformation and the initial position of the critical line is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the bolt positions and the cross-sections of the keyline deformation after deformation are as follows. Figure 10 As shown.

[0039] Bolts exhibit the following characteristics during deformation: Characteristic 1: Initially, the circumferential seam is closed, and the endpoint of the upper critical line (located at the top edge of the bolt hole) is... (coordinates are) ), (coordinates are) The endpoint of the lower keyline (located at the bottom edge of the bolt hole) (coordinates are) ), (coordinates are) ), where r is the bolt hole radius. Feature 2: There is no relative slippage between the bolt and the bolt hole wall of the segment, and the deformation of the critical line endpoint is completely consistent with the bolt deformation at the corresponding position. Feature 3: When the bolt flexes, the cross-section generates an angle, causing the upper critical line ( (Lower key line) and lower key line ( The axial deformation at the location includes not only the tensile displacement of the central axis. (along The axial direction (i.e., axial displacement) also includes the additional axial displacement caused by rotation. Feature 4: The critical line endpoint is the point of maximum bolt deflection, and the critical line endpoint is along... The displacement in the axial direction is equal to the maximum deflection of the bolt. (i.e., maximum deflection value). Feature 5: Symmetrical deformation on both sides of the circumferential seam.

[0040] Specifically, the strain difference is calculated as follows: (1) In the formula, For the first The strain difference value of each monitoring section and The first The strain values ​​of the inner and outer monitoring points of each monitoring section. This represents the number of fiber Bragg grating strain sensors on each fiber Bragg grating string. Section bending moment of each monitoring section Represented as: (2) Where E is the Young's modulus of the bolt, J is the moment of inertia of the cross section, and L is the bolt diameter.

[0041] Based on feature 5, with the origin The deflection starts at the given point, and the boundary conditions are as follows: and at the origin of the coordinate system Add a virtual beam element segment (i.e., a virtual segment) of length m to the left side, with the following left boundary conditions: The right side of the bolt is determined by the bolt deflection difference equation. The deflection distribution (where L is the bolt length) is shown in formula (3).

[0042] (3) In the formula, For the first The deflection of each monitoring section.

[0043] The maximum flexural deformation value is extracted based on the determined deflection distribution on the right side of the bolt. and with Corresponding maximum deflection point Then, formula (4) is used to determine the circumferential opening angle of the bolt. .

[0044] (4) In the formula, express The derivative value of the deflection at that point, express The deflection value (i.e., the deflection value) at the location. express The deflection value at that point.

[0045] After determining the maximum deflection point, maximum deflection value, and circumferential joint opening angle, the axial displacement of the centerline of the maximum deflection point on the right side of the bolt was... Perform the calculation as shown in formula (5).

[0046] (5) in, The axial strain is measured by a fiber optic strain sensor in an axial groove.

[0047] Further determine the total axial displacement of the endpoints of the upper and lower key lines, as shown in formulas (6) to (8).

[0048] (6) (7) (8) In the formula, This represents the total axial displacement of the endpoints of the upper critical line. This represents the total axial displacement of the endpoints of the lower keyline. This indicates the additional axial displacement. The additional axial displacement is related to... When the axes are aligned in the positive direction, use "+"; otherwise, use "-".

[0049] Based on this, the left endpoint of the upper keyline after deformation (coordinates are) ), right endpoint of the upper keyline (coordinates are) ); Left endpoint of the lower keyline after deformation (coordinates are) ), right endpoint of the lower keyline (coordinates are) ).

[0050] Therefore, straight lines are established respectively. With a straight line The equations are solved simultaneously to obtain the rotation point P of the annular seam (P is equivalent to the vertex of the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model). Coordinates of ) , Represents a straight line (or straight line) The slope of the hexagonal auxiliary model is calculated. From this, the displacement of the rotation point of the deformed circumferential seam relative to the initial point (i.e., the vertices of the hexagonal auxiliary model before deformation) can be obtained. Based on this, the vertex coordinates of the deformed hexagon are determined using the processing method described in this embodiment, ultimately yielding the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model.

[0051] In one embodiment, the change in angle of the apex of the hexagon represents the annular seam opening angle (i.e., the seam opening angle). Based on this, the implementation process of step S5 includes: 1) Determine the vertical convergence deformation of the tunnel ring.

[0052] In the calculation of vertical convergence deformation, the initial hexagonal auxiliary model and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model are respectively as follows: Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown. Taking point B, where the top cap M and the adjacent piece L1 are close together, as the research object, the opening angle of the circumferential joint between the top cap M and the adjacent piece L1 after deformation is expressed as... , In the formula, This represents the change in the angle of the vertex of point B before and after the deformation. This represents the vertex angle of point B before deformation. Indicates after deformation The vertex angle of a point This indicates the midpoint angle before deformation. This indicates the intermediate angle after deformation. The central angles of the shield tunnel's pre-deformation capping section M, adjacent section L1, standard section B1, standard section B2, standard section B3, and adjacent section L2 are respectively... .in: (9) In the formula, Indicates the first auxiliary angle. , Indicates the second auxiliary angle. . , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point B, respectively. , . , Let H and Y represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point H, respectively. Point H represents the projection of point B onto the x-axis. , . , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point C, respectively. , , , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point D, respectively. , . This indicates the outer radius of the shield tunnel. This indicates the thickness of the tunnel lining segments.

[0053] Using standard piece B2 at the bottom of the arch as a reference, and assuming its position remains unchanged, the capping piece M at the top of the arch, due to the direct impact of the load on the upper part of the shield tunnel, undergoes a vertical downward displacement. Standard pieces B1 and B3 on either side of the arch waist rotate outwards around the outer edge of the joint connecting them to standard piece B2. Adjacent pieces L1 and L2 on either side of the arch waist rotate outwards around the outer edge of the joint connecting them to capping piece M to accommodate the displacement of capping piece M. After the shield tunnel deforms, the central angles of capping piece M, adjacent piece L1, standard pieces B1, B2, B3, and adjacent piece L2 are respectively... .thus: (10) In the formula, , They represent the results after deformation. The x and y coordinates of a point , . , They represent The x and y coordinates of a point , . , They represent The x and y coordinates of a point , . Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment, Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment. These represent the points B before and after deformation, respectively. Point C to Point D to The displacement of a point.

[0054] (11) (12) Based on the circumferential seam opening angle determined by formula (4), combined with By combining formulas (9) to (12), the vertical convergence deformation of the tunnel ring is finally obtained. .

[0055] 2) Determine the horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel ring.

[0056] In the calculation of horizontal convergent deformation, the hexagonal auxiliary models before and after deformation are as follows: Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown.

[0057] (13) In the formula, This indicates the change in the length of DK before and after deformation. Indicates the length of DK before deformation, Indicates after deformation The length of . K represents the projection point of auxiliary point Q onto the extension of line segment ED, where auxiliary point Q is the intersection of the x-axis and CD.

[0058] (14) (15) (16) (17) In the formula, I represents the projection point of point C onto the extension of line segment ED. This represents the length of QK before deformation. This indicates the length of CI before deformation. This indicates the length of DI before deformation. This represents the angle of the vertex of point D in the hexagonal auxiliary model before deformation.

[0059] (18) (19) (20) (twenty one) (twenty two) In the formula, Indicates after deformation Length, This represents the corresponding point after the deformation of point I. Indicates after deformation The length. Indicates after deformation The length. This represents the angle of the vertex of point D in the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model. This represents the circumferential seam opening angle between standard piece B1 and standard piece B2 in the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model.

[0060] Based on the annular joint opening angle determined by formula (4), and combining formulas (13) to (22), the horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel ring is finally obtained. .

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, this application establishes a coupled monitoring method for tunnel convergence deformation by dynamically inverting the state of the circumferential joint through multi-dimensional bolt strain data. The quantitative correlation between bolt strain and tunnel convergence is constructed using formulas (1) to (22). Geometric deformation is analyzed through mechanical response (bending moment, deflection, rotation angle), achieving a closed-loop analysis of "strain monitoring → deformation prediction" and a collaborative analysis of mechanical and geometric monitoring. This improves the accuracy and efficiency of shield tunnel deformation monitoring and provides reliable technical support for tunnel structural safety assessment.

[0062] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 15 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data related to the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 15 The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0064] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0065] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0066] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0068] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0069] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0070] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring convergence deformation in shield tunnels, characterized in that, include: Construct an initial hexagonal auxiliary model of the shield tunnel ring section; The strain data of the bolts is acquired in real time; the strain data includes axial tensile strain, inner arc surface strain and outer arc surface strain; the bolts are used to connect the shield tunnel segments to form a shield tunnel ring; The maximum deflection value of the bolt and the circumferential opening angle are determined based on the strain of the inner arc surface and the strain of the outer arc surface. The deformed hexagonal auxiliary model is determined based on the axial tensile strain, the maximum deflection value, and the circumferential seam opening angle. The vertical and horizontal convergence deformations of the tunnel ring are determined based on the angle change of any vertex in the hexagonal auxiliary model and the opening angle of the annular joint at that vertex, thereby enabling the monitoring of the convergence deformation of the shield tunnel; the angle change is determined based on the initial hexagonal auxiliary model and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model.

2. The shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Strain data is collected using fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, and the strain data collected by each fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is acquired in real time using a fiber Bragg grating demodulator to obtain the strain data of the bolt. Multiple fiber Bragg grating strain sensors are connected in series to form a fiber Bragg grating string. The fiber Bragg grating string is set in the upper groove, the lower groove, and the axial groove. The upper groove and the lower groove are symmetrically opened along the axis on the inner and outer arc surfaces of the bolts connecting the shield tunnel segments. The axial groove is opened along the axis on the side of the bolt.

3. The shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the maximum deflection value of the bolt and the circumferential opening angle based on the strain of the inner arc surface and the strain of the outer arc surface includes: The strain difference of each monitoring section is determined based on the strain of the inner arc surface and the strain of the outer arc surface; The section bending moment is determined based on the strain difference at each monitoring section and the material parameters of the bolts. The deflection distribution of the bolt is determined based on the bending moment of the cross section using the flexural difference equation. The maximum deflection value and the maximum deflection point are determined based on the deflection distribution of the bolt; The circumferential joint opening angle is determined based on the maximum deflection point and the deflection distribution of the bolt.

4. The shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model based on the axial tensile strain, the maximum deflection value, and the circumferential seam opening angle includes: The axial displacement of the bolt's central axis is determined based on the axial tensile strain. The total axial displacement of the circumferential joint critical line is determined based on the axial displacement of the axis and the circumferential joint opening angle. The vertex coordinates of the deformed hexagon are determined based on the maximum deflection value and the total axial displacement of the key line of the circumferential joint, so as to determine the auxiliary model of the deformed hexagon.

5. The shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shield tunnel ring is formed by shield tunnel segments; the shield tunnel segments are standard segment B1, standard segment B2, standard segment B3, adjacent segment L1, adjacent segment L2, and capping segment M; adjacent shield tunnel segments of the shield tunnel ring are connected by circumferential bolts. Before the shield tunnel deformation, the central angles of the capping segment M, adjacent segment L1, standard segment B1, standard segment B2, standard segment B3, and adjacent segment L2 are respectively... ; The initial hexagonal auxiliary model is represented as ABCDEF, and the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model is represented as... Among them, point A is the rotation point of the capping piece M near the adjacent piece L2, point B is the rotation point of the capping piece M near the adjacent piece L1, point C is the rotation point of the adjacent piece L1 near the standard piece B1, point D is the rotation point of the standard piece B1 near the standard piece B2, point E is the rotation point of the standard piece B2 near the standard piece B3, and point F is the rotation point of the standard piece B3 near the adjacent piece L2. Corresponding one-to-one with A, B, C, D, E, and F; the central angles of the deformed capping piece M, adjacent piece L1, standard piece B1, standard piece B2, standard piece B3, and adjacent piece L2 are respectively .

6. The shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of determining the vertical convergence deformation of the tunnel ring based on the angular change of any vertex in the hexagonal auxiliary model and the annular joint opening angle of that vertex includes: Taking point B, where the capping piece M and the adjacent piece L1 are close together, as the research object, the opening angle of the circumferential joint between the capping piece M and the adjacent piece L1 after deformation is expressed as: , ; In the formula, This represents the change in the angle of the vertex of point B before and after the deformation. This represents the vertex angle of point B before deformation. Indicates after deformation The vertex angle of a point This indicates the midpoint angle before deformation. Indicates the midpoint angle after deformation; ； In the formula, , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point B, respectively. , ; , Let H and Y represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point H, respectively. Point H represents the projection of point B onto the x-axis. , ; , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point C, respectively. , , , Let these represent the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of point D, respectively. , ; Indicates the outer radius of the shield tunnel; Indicates the thickness of the tunnel lining segments; ； In the formula, , They represent the results after deformation. The x and y coordinates of a point , ; , They represent The x and y coordinates of a point , ; , They represent The x and y coordinates of a point , ; Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment, Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment; These represent the points B before and after deformation, respectively. Point C to Point D to The displacement of the point; ； ； The final vertical convergence deformation of the tunnel ring is obtained. .

7. The shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of determining the horizontal convergence deformation of the tunnel ring is as follows: ； In the formula, This indicates the change in the length of DK before and after deformation. Indicates the length of DK before deformation, Indicates after deformation The length of the line segment ED; K represents the projection point of auxiliary point Q onto the extension of line segment ED, where auxiliary point Q is the intersection of the x-axis and CD; ； ； ； ； In the formula, I represents the projection point of point C onto the extension of line segment ED; This indicates the length of QK before deformation; Indicates the length of CI before deformation; Indicates the length of DI before deformation; This represents the angle of the vertex of point D in the hexagonal auxiliary model before deformation; ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, Indicates after deformation Length, This represents the corresponding point after the deformation of point I. Indicates after deformation Length; Indicates after deformation Length; This represents the angle of the vertex of point D in the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model. This represents the circumferential seam opening angle between standard piece B1 and standard piece B2 in the deformed hexagonal auxiliary model; The final result is the horizontal convergent deformation of the tunnel ring. .

8. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the shield tunnel convergence deformation monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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