Mechanical main shaft detection experiment table and detection method

Abstract

The mechanical spindle detection experiment table comprises a stand column and a spindle box movably arranged on the stand column, a workbench is arranged below the spindle box, and a tool magazine matched with the spindle box is arranged on one side of the stand column; a loading cutter handle, a broach force meter and a main shaft detection rod are mounted in the tool magazine, and a loading mechanism matched with the loading cutter handle is arranged on the workbench; the spindle box is provided with a dial indicator used for detecting the spindle. Wherein the loading cutter handle and the loading mechanism are used for static rigidity detection, the main shaft detection rod and the dial indicator are used for mechanical precision detection, and the broach force meter is used for broach force detection; compared with the prior art, the tool magazine, the loading mechanism, the broach force meter, the main shaft detection rod, the dial indicator and other devices are integrated on the same experiment table, multi-item detection of broach force, mechanical precision, static rigidity, tool changing reliability and the like can be completed at a time, the detection efficiency is greatly improved, and the device is particularly suitable for batch production scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical spindle testing technology, specifically to a mechanical spindle testing test bench and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] The machine tool spindle is a crucial component in the machine tool assembly process, and its performance directly impacts the safety and stability of machine tool cutting. In the past, insufficient tension in the pulley tensioning sleeve led to incorrect tool changing angles and subsequent tool change failures. Since machine spindles require mass production, tool changing reliability is a critical performance indicator. Current methods for testing tool changing reliability involve performing tests on the assembled machine tool, which is complex, difficult to replicate with a replaced spindle, and has limitations that hinder mass production.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. 202410195841.6 discloses a mechanical spindle testing device and method. The disclosed testing device and method include a bed, an electric spindle, a transmission mechanism, and an adjustment mechanism. The bed is used to house the mechanical spindle, and the electric spindle is mounted on the bed. The transmission mechanism includes a drive wheel and a transmission belt. The drive wheel is located at the rotating end of the electric spindle, and the transmission belt is respectively fitted onto the drive wheel and the rotating end of the mechanical spindle. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment wheel and an adjustment rod. The transmission belt is fitted onto the adjustment wheel, and the adjustment rod is used to drive the adjustment wheel to move, thereby adjusting the tension of the transmission belt. Chinese Patent Application No. 202211476726.3 discloses a high-precision mechanical spindle static stiffness testing platform. The disclosed testing platform includes a support frame. A screw is inserted through the bottom of the support frame, and a support foot is installed at the bottom of the screw. A storage rack is installed on the inner side of the support frame, and the upper wall of the storage rack has an upper storage opening, and the lower wall of the storage rack has a lower storage opening.

[0004] The reliability testing of tool changers for existing mechanical spindles must be carried out on the assembled machine. The testing process is complex and spindle replacement is difficult, which cannot meet the high-efficiency testing requirements of mass production. In addition, existing testing devices are mostly designed to test single performance (such as static stiffness or transmission performance) and lack an integrated testing platform. As a result, multiple performance tests must be carried out on different devices, which is inefficient and results in scattered data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a mechanical spindle testing platform and testing method for detecting the tool changing reliability, static stiffness, tool pulling force, and mechanical precision of the mechanical spindle.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a mechanical spindle testing test bench, comprising a column and a spindle box movable on the column, a worktable below the spindle box, and a tool magazine cooperating with the spindle box on one side of the column; the tool magazine is equipped with a loading tool holder, a broaching force gauge, and a spindle gauge bar, and a loading mechanism cooperating with the loading tool holder is provided on the worktable; the spindle box is equipped with a dial indicator for testing the spindle; wherein, the loading tool holder and the loading mechanism are used for static stiffness testing, the spindle gauge bar and the dial indicator are used for mechanical precision testing, and the broaching force gauge is used for broaching force testing.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spindle box includes a spindle box body and a mechanical spindle installed in the spindle box body. The spindle box body is provided with a main motor for driving the mechanical spindle, and a tool-changing cylinder is provided above the mechanical spindle.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the column includes a column body and a guide rail disposed on the column body, the spindle box body is slidably connected to the guide rail, the column body is provided with a lead screw connected to the spindle box body, and the column body is provided with a Z-axis drive motor for driving the lead screw to rotate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool magazine is fixedly installed on the column body, the tool magazine is equipped with tools, and a tool changing robot is provided below the tool magazine.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the loading tool holder is disposed at the front end of the machine spindle, the dial indicator is disposed on the machine spindle, the front end of the dial indicator needle abuts against the outer circular surface of the front end of the loading tool holder, and the loading mechanism loads the loading tool holder.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a workbench base, on which both the column and the workbench are disposed, and a protective net is provided on the workbench base.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the worktable includes a worktable body, a worktable pad, a spindle pad, and foot pads. The worktable body is disposed above the worktable pad, the worktable pad is fixedly installed on the worktable base, the foot pads are fixedly installed below the worktable base, and the spindle pad is disposed on the worktable body.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an electrical cabinet and a control system. The control system is electrically connected to the electrical cabinet, the spindle box, and the column, and is used to control the detection process, receive detection data in real time and compare it with preset standard values ​​to realize automated detection and alarm.

[0014] A method for inspecting a mechanical spindle includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: Install the spindle of the machine to be tested into the spindle box;

[0016] S2: Perform broaching force testing, mechanical precision testing, static stiffness testing, and tool changing reliability testing in sequence;

[0017] S3: During the testing process, the test data is transmitted to the control system in real time, and the system automatically determines whether it is qualified;

[0018] S4: If all test items are qualified, output the test report; if any item is unqualified, stop the test and alarm, and restart the test from the first item after manual intervention.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool changing reliability detection includes: controlling the mechanical spindle to rotate at high speed, changing the tool multiple times continuously by a tool changing robot, and detecting whether a tool collision or tool changing failure occurs during the tool changing process.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. By integrating a tool magazine, loading mechanism, broaching force gauge, spindle gauge bar, and dial indicator on the same test bench, multiple tests such as broaching force, mechanical accuracy, static stiffness, and tool changing reliability can be completed at one time, greatly improving testing efficiency and making it especially suitable for mass production scenarios.

[0022] 2. By setting up a tool magazine and tool changing robot on the side of the column, the tool changing environment of a real machine tool is simulated. Continuous tool changing tests can be performed directly on the experimental platform without relying on the whole machine, which solves the problems of complicated tool changing tests and inconvenient spindle replacement in the existing technology.

[0023] 3. By setting up a control system, the detection process can be automatically controlled, data can be collected and compared in real time, anomalies can be automatically alarmed and test reports can be generated, thus reducing human error and improving the accuracy and consistency of test results. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the spindle box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the main motor and the mechanical spindle assembled via a toothed belt;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle mounting cavity.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the column;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the front view of the column;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a side view of the column structure;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tool magazine structure;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a rear view of the column structure;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the silk mother;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the slider's structure;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the workbench;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a front view of the broaching force test.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a diagram of the initial tool change position;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the tool change status;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a static stiffness test diagram;

[0040] Figure 17 This is a diagram showing the positions of the mechanical spindle, loading tool holder, magnetic indicator base, and dial indicator.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a diagram showing the position of the loading tool holder installed on the mechanical spindle;

[0042] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 A magnified view of part A;

[0043] Figure 20 This is a front view of the machine spindle used for inspecting mechanical accuracy.

[0044] Figure 21 This is a flowchart of the testing process for the mechanical spindle testing test bench.

[0045] Reference numerals: Spindle box 1, mechanical spindle 101, spindle core 1011, spindle bushing 1012, main motor 102, tool changer bracket 103, tool changer 104, toothed belt 105, tensioning sleeve 106, main motor connecting plate 107, oil distributor 108, oil distributor bracket 109 and main motor pulley 110, spindle box body 111, spindle mounting cavity 112, column 2, tool magazine 201, loading tool holder 2011, tool drawbar 2012, spindle inspection bar 2013, tool changer 202, tool 203, motor mount 204, shaft 205, Z-axis drive motor 206, guide rail 207, lead screw 208, coupling 209, tool magazine bracket 210, inner protection 211, column body 212, lead screw nut 213, slider 214, air tank 215, pneumatic valve group 216, lubrication pump 217, worktable 3, worktable pad 301, spindle pad 302, foot pad 303, worktable body 304, loading mechanism 4, dial indicator 5, magnetic gauge base 501, control system 6, system panel 601, system bracket 602, protective net 7, electrical cabinet 8, worktable base 9. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figures 1-21 As shown, a mechanical spindle testing test bench includes a spindle box 1, a column 2, a worktable 3, a worktable base 9, an electrical cabinet 8, a control system 6, and a protective net 7. The column 2 and worktable 3 are fixedly mounted on the worktable base 9, with the worktable 3 and column 2 mounted front-to-back on the worktable base 9. The spindle box 1 is installed directly in front of the column 2, above the worktable 3. The electrical cabinet 8 is fixedly mounted to the right side of the column 2 with bolts. The control system 6 is connected to the spindle box 1, column 2, and electrical cabinet 8 via cables and is placed on the right side of the worktable base 9. The protective net 7 is installed around the worktable base 9.

[0048] The spindle box 1 includes a spindle box body 111, a mechanical spindle 101, a main motor 102, a tool-changing cylinder bracket 103, a tool-changing cylinder 104, a toothed belt 105, a tensioning sleeve 106, a main motor connecting plate 107, an oil distributor 108, an oil distributor bracket 109, and a main motor pulley 110. The mechanical spindle 101 includes a spindle core 1011 and a spindle sleeve 1012. The mechanical spindle 101 is installed in the spindle mounting cavity 112 on the spindle box body 111. The tool-changing cylinder bracket 103 is bolted to the spindle box body 111 and is located directly above the spindle mounting cavity 112. The tool-changing cylinder 104 is fixedly installed directly above the tool-changing cylinder bracket 103 and connected to the mechanical spindle 101. The main motor connecting plate 107 is bolted to the upper center of the spindle box body 111, and the main motor 102 is installed directly above the main motor connecting plate 107. 06 is installed inside the main motor pulley 110 and secured with bolts to lock the main motor pulley 110, while also being secured to the front end of the main motor 102; the expansion sleeve 106 is also installed at the rear end of the mechanical spindle 101 and secured with bolts; the toothed belt 105 is installed inside the spindle box body 111 through tooth meshing, and meshes with the pulley above the mechanical spindle 101 and the main motor pulley 110 at the front end of the main motor 102 for transmission; the oil distributor 108 is fixedly installed on the oil distributor bracket 109, and the oil distributor bracket 109 is fixedly installed on the rear side above the spindle box body 111.

[0049] The column 2 includes a column body 212, a tool magazine 201, a tool changing robot 202, a cutting tool 203, a motor base 204, a bearing base 205, a Z-axis drive motor 206, a guide rail 207, a lead screw 208, a coupling 209, a tool magazine bracket 210, an inner guard 211, a lead screw nut 213, a slider 214, an air tank 215, a pneumatic valve group 216, a lubrication pump 217, a loading tool holder 2011, a tool drawbar force gauge 2012, and a spindle inspection bar 2013. The tool magazine 201 is fixedly installed on the upper left side of the column body 212 via the tool magazine bracket 210. The tool 203 is installed inside the left side of the tool magazine 201. The tool changing robot 202 is installed below the tool magazine 201. The slider 214 is installed on the guide rail 207, which is fixedly installed on both sides of the front of the column body 212. The motor base 204 is fixedly installed on the upper front side of the column body 212 via bolts. The bearing housing 205 is fixedly installed on the lower front side of the column body 212 via bolts. The lead screw nut 213 is installed on the lead screw 208, which is installed on the motor base 204 and the bearing housing 205, passing through the motor base 204 and the bearing housing 205. The Z-axis drive motor 206 is connected to the lead screw 208 via the coupling 209. The Z-axis drive motor 206 is installed on one side of the motor base 204 on the column body 212 and is fixedly connected to the motor base 204. The inner guard 211 is installed in front of the column body 212. The air tank 215, pneumatic valve assembly 216, and lubrication pump 217 are installed sequentially from top to bottom on the rear side of the column body 212. The tool magazine 201 is equipped with a loading tool holder 2011, a tool drawbar 2012, and a spindle gauge 2013.

[0050] The spindle box 1 is installed on the front side of the column 2. The spindle box body 111 is connected to the guide rail 207 on the column 2 via a slider 214. The Z-axis drive motor 206 drives the lead screw 208 to rotate via a coupling 209. The rotation of the lead screw 208 drives the lead screw nut 213 to move up and down. The spindle box body 111 on the spindle box 1 is connected to the lead screw nut 213. The sliders 214 on the guide rails 207 on both sides of the column are connected to the spindle box body 111. The movement of the lead screw nut 213 drives the spindle box 1 to move up and down. The air tank 215 behind the column body 212 is connected to the pneumatic valve group 216, the tool changing cylinder 104, and the tool magazine 201 via pneumatic pipelines. The lubrication pump 217 is connected to the oil distributor 108 above the spindle box body 111 via an oil pipe.

[0051] The worktable 3 includes a worktable body 304, a worktable pad 301, a spindle pad 302, and four foot pads 303. The worktable body 304 is fixedly installed above the worktable pad 301, the worktable pad 301 is fixedly installed on the worktable base 9, the four foot pads 303 are fixedly installed below the worktable base 9, and the spindle pad 302 is placed above the worktable body 304.

[0052] The control system 6 includes a system panel 601 and a system bracket 602. The system panel 601 is mounted on the system bracket 602 and is connected to the spindle box 1, the column 2 and the electrical cabinet 8 via cables.

[0053] Before the tool change begins, the tool changing robot 202 is in the initial position. When the tool change operation is performed, the tool changing robot 202 rotates to the tool changing working position to perform the tool change. After the tool change is completed, the tool changing robot returns to the initial position.

[0054] The mechanical spindle testing bench is used to test the static stiffness of the spindle. The testing equipment includes a loading mechanism 4, a loading tool holder 2011, a magnetic base 501, and a dial indicator 5. The loading tool holder 2011 is installed at the front end of the mechanical spindle 101 and connected to the spindle core 1011. The magnetic base 501 is magnetically attached to the spindle sleeve 1012 of the mechanical spindle 101. The loading mechanism 4 is installed above the workbench body 304. The dial indicator 5 is installed on the magnetic base 501, with the tip of the dial indicator 5 abutting against the outer surface of the front end of the loading tool holder 2011. The loading mechanism 4 applies load to the loading tool holder 2011.

[0055] A spindle inspection bar 2013 is installed at the front end of the mechanical spindle 101. A magnetic gauge base 501 is adsorbed on the spindle sleeve 1012 of the mechanical spindle 101, and the needle of the dial indicator 5 contacts the spindle inspection bar 2013.

[0056] The mechanical spindle 101 is mounted on the spindle box body 111, the tool draw force gauge 2012 is mounted on the front end of the mechanical spindle 101, and the tool clipping cylinder 104 is connected to the rear end of the mechanical spindle 101.

[0057] A testing bench for a mechanical spindle 101 can automatically and continuously perform various performance tests on the mechanical spindle 101, including testing the tool drawing force, the inherent accuracy, the static stiffness, and the tool changing reliability. This testing bench can transmit the test data to a control system 6 in real time. The control system 6 compares the measured data with standard values ​​and determines whether to proceed with the next test. If all tested items meet the requirements, the bench can automatically and continuously complete all the above tests and generate a test report. If any test result fails during the testing process, the system will stop the testing and issue an alarm. After manual intervention by the operator, the bench will re-perform all the above tests until the test is passed.

[0058] like Figure 21As shown, the testing process of a testing bench for a mechanical spindle 101 is as follows: After the operator installs the mechanical spindle 101 to be tested onto the testing bench, the testing bench is started to test the mechanical spindle 101. The testing sequence of the mechanical spindle 101 is as follows: first, the drawbar force of the mechanical spindle 101 is tested; second, the mechanical accuracy of the mechanical spindle 101 is tested; third, the static stiffness of the mechanical spindle 101 is tested; and fourth, the tool changing reliability of the mechanical spindle 101 is tested. If the mechanical spindle 101 under test completes all the testing items sequentially and meets all the requirements, the testing bench stops testing and issues a test report for all the testing items of the mechanical spindle 101 under test; if the mechanical spindle 101 under test fails to meet the requirements in any one of the tests, the testing bench stops testing, the control system 6 controls the spindle box 1 to move upward to the tool changing safety position and then stops, the tool changing robot 202 removes the gauge from the spindle and installs it back into the tool magazine 201, and the control system 6 issues an alarm. The operator performs manual intervention. After the intervention is completed, the testing bench is started and retested, starting from the first test item, until all test items are qualified. The control system 6 will output the test report of the tested mechanical spindle 101.

[0059] A testing platform for a mechanical spindle 101 can be used to test the broaching force of the mechanical spindle 101. When testing the broaching force of the mechanical spindle 101, the control system 6 controls the spindle box 1 to move from any position. After moving to the tool changing safe position, the spindle box 1 stops moving. The tool changing safe position is located at a distance H2 between the lower end of the spindle box 1 and the worktable. A broaching force gauge 2012 is installed in the tool magazine 201. The tools in the tool magazine 201 rotate, and after rotating to the position of the broaching force gauge 2012, they stop rotating. The broaching force gauge 2012 then rotates downwards and extends out of the tool magazine 201. The tool changing robot 202 starts working, rotating 90° from its initial position to grasp the broaching force gauge 2012. After grasping, it rotates 180° to install the broaching force gauge 2012 onto the front end of the mechanical spindle 101. The tool changing robot 202 then returns to its initial position. The drawbar force of the machine spindle 101 is measured, and the drawbar force gauge 2012 transmits the measured drawbar force data to the control system 6. The control system 6 has a pre-set acceptable range for the drawbar force. The control system 6 compares and analyzes the measured drawbar force data with the preset standard value. If the drawbar force test is qualified, the tool changer 202 removes the drawbar force gauge 2012 from the front end of the machine spindle 101 and reinstalls it in the tool magazine 201, proceeding to the next test item for the machine spindle 101. If the drawbar force test is unqualified, the tool changer 202 again removes the drawbar force gauge 2012 and reinstalls it in the tool magazine 201, the control system 6 stops the testing platform, and issues an alarm. The operator intervenes manually, restarting the test. The testing platform then re-tests from the first test item until the test is qualified.

[0060] A testing bench for a mechanical spindle 101 can perform precision testing on the spindle itself. After the mechanical spindle 101 passes the tool pulling force test, the testing bench automatically performs precision testing on the mechanical spindle 101. A spindle check bar 2013 is installed in a tool magazine 201. The control system 6 controls the tool magazine 201 to rotate, stopping when it reaches the tool position where the spindle check bar 2013 is located. The spindle check bar 2013 then rotates downwards and extends out of the tool magazine 201. A tool changing robot 202 begins operation, rotating 90° from its initial position to grasp the spindle check bar 2013. After grasping, it rotates 180° to install the spindle check bar 2013 onto the front end of the mechanical spindle 101. The tool changing robot 202 then returns to its initial position. During the precision testing of the mechanical spindle 101, the dial indicator 5 transmits the detected mechanical precision data to the control system 6 in real time. The control system 6 has a preset acceptable range for the mechanical precision of the mechanical spindle 101 and compares the measured real-time data with the preset standard values ​​for analysis and judgment. If the mechanical precision test is qualified, the tool changer 202 removes the spindle gauge 2013 from the front end of the mechanical spindle 101 and installs it back into the tool magazine 201, proceeding to the next test item: the static stiffness of the mechanical spindle 101. If the mechanical precision test is unqualified, the tool changer 202 again removes the spindle gauge 2013 and installs it back into the tool magazine 201, the control system 6 stops the testing platform, and issues an alarm. The operator intervenes manually, restarting the test, and the testing platform re-tests from the first test item until the test is qualified.

[0061] A testing bench for a mechanical spindle 101 can perform static stiffness testing on the mechanical spindle 101. After the mechanical precision test of the mechanical spindle 101 is qualified, the testing bench automatically performs static stiffness testing on the mechanical spindle 101. A loading tool holder 2011 is installed in a tool magazine 201. The control system 6 controls the tool magazine 201 to rotate, stopping when it reaches the tool position where the loading tool holder 2011 is located. The loading tool holder 2011 then rotates downwards and extends out of the tool magazine 201. The tool changing robot 202 starts working, rotating 90° from its initial position to grasp the loading tool holder 2011. After grasping, it rotates 180° to install the loading tool holder 2011 onto the front end of the mechanical spindle 101, and then returns to its initial position. The control system 6 controls the spindle box 1 to move downwards from the tool changing safety position, stopping when it reaches the static stiffness testing position. The static stiffness testing position is at a distance H1 between the lower end of the spindle box 1 and the worktable. The loading mechanism 4 applies force to the loading tool holder 2011 to test the static stiffness of the machine spindle 101. During the static stiffness test, the dial indicator 5 transmits the detected static stiffness data to the control system 6 in real time. The control system 6 has a preset acceptable range for the static stiffness of the machine spindle 101 and compares the measured real-time data with the preset standard value for analysis and judgment. If the static stiffness test is qualified, the control system 6 controls the spindle box 1 to move upwards until it reaches a safe tool-changing position and stops. The tool-changing robot 202 removes the loading tool holder 2011 from the front end of the machine spindle 101 and installs it back into the tool magazine 201 to proceed to the next test item: the reliability of the tool changing mechanism of the machine spindle 101. If the static stiffness test is unqualified, the control system 6 controls the spindle box 1 to move upwards until it reaches a safe tool-changing position and stops. The tool-changing robot 202 again removes the loading tool holder 2011 and installs it back into the tool magazine 201. The control system 6 then controls the testing platform to stop working and issues an alarm. The operator intervenes manually, and the test is started after the manual intervention. The test bench then retests the first test item until the test is qualified.

[0062] A testing bench for a mechanical spindle 101 can be used to test the tool changing reliability of the mechanical spindle 101. After the static stiffness of the mechanical spindle 101 passes the test, the tool changing reliability test is performed. The tool is installed in the tool magazine 201. The tool magazine 201 rotates to the tool position for the tool changing reliability test and stops rotating, then rotates downwards to extend the tool out of the tool magazine 201. The tool changing robot 202 starts working, rotating 90° from its initial position to grab the tool. After grabbing, it rotates 180° to install the tool onto the front end of the mechanical spindle 101, and then the tool changing robot 202 returns to its initial position. Control system 6 controls the machine spindle 101 to rotate at high speed. After a specified rotation time, control system 6 controls the machine spindle 101 to stop rotating. The tool in the tool magazine 201 rotates until it reaches the position of the tool required for reliable tool changing, then stops rotating. The tool rotates downwards and extends out of the tool magazine 201. The tool changing robot 202 rotates and grabs the tool in the tool magazine 201 and the tool at the front end of the machine spindle 101, changing the two tools. After the tool is changed, the tool magazine 201 retracts the tool, and the tool changing robot 202 returns to its initial position. Control system 6 controls the machine spindle 101 to rotate at high speed, and after a specified rotation time, the machine spindle 101 stops rotating and the tool is changed. After repeating the above steps a specified number of times, if all tool changing processes are completed without a collision, the tool changing reliability test is completed. If a tool changing failure occurs within the specified number of tool changing attempts, control system 6 controls the testing platform to stop testing and issues an alarm. The operator intervenes manually, and after intervention, the testing is restarted. The testing platform re-tests from the first test item until the test is passed. After all items have passed the test, the control system 6 stops the test bench and issues a test report for the mechanical spindle 101.

[0063] The testing bench for disassembling the mechanical spindle 101 is located at a distance H0 between the lower end of the spindle box 1 and the worktable. This testing bench allows for the rapid replacement of the mechanical spindle 101. During the rapid spindle replacement operation, the control system 6 controls the Z-axis drive motor on the column to rotate. The Z-axis drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate via a coupling, thereby driving the spindle box 1, connected to the lead screw nut, to move downwards from the initial tool-changing position. After moving to the position for replacing the mechanical spindle 101, the spindle box 1 stops moving downwards. Simultaneously, the operator places the spindle pad 302 on the worktable body 304, and the operator performs the rapid replacement of the mechanical spindle 101. The spindle pad 302 placed on the worktable body 304 serves to hold the mechanical spindle 101 in place during disassembly, preventing it from falling downwards. This allows for the rapid replacement of the mechanical spindle 101.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention; therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0065] Although this paper makes extensive use of the figure reference numerals: spindle box 1, mechanical spindle 101, spindle core 1011, spindle bushing 1012, main motor 102, tool changer bracket 103, tool changer 104, toothed belt 105, tensioning sleeve 106, main motor connecting plate 107, oil distributor 108, oil distributor bracket 109 and main motor pulley 110, spindle box body 111, spindle mounting cavity 112, column 2, tool magazine 201, loading tool holder 2011, tool drawbar 2012, axis check bar 2013, tool changer 202, tool 203, motor mount 204, bearing mount 20 5. Z-axis drive motor 206, guide rail 207, lead screw 208, coupling 209, tool magazine support 210, inner protection 211, column body 212, lead screw nut 213, slider 214, air tank 215, pneumatic valve assembly 216, lubrication pump 217, worktable 3, worktable pad 301, spindle pad 302, foot pad 303, worktable body 304, loading mechanism 4, dial indicator 5, magnetic gauge base 501, control system 6, system panel 601, system support 602, protective net 7, electrical cabinet 8, worktable base 9, etc., but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would be contrary to the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical spindle testing test bench, characterized in that, The device includes a column (2) and a movable spindle box (1) mounted on the column (2). A worktable (3) is located below the spindle box (1). A tool magazine (201) that cooperates with the spindle box (1) is located on one side of the column (2). The tool magazine (201) is equipped with a loading tool holder (2011), a broaching force gauge (2012), and a spindle gauge bar (2013). A loading mechanism (4) that cooperates with the loading tool holder (2011) is located on the worktable (3). A dial indicator (5) for testing the spindle is located on the spindle box (1). The loading tool holder (2011) and the loading mechanism (4) are used for static stiffness testing, the spindle gauge bar (2013) and the dial indicator (5) are used for mechanical precision testing, and the broaching force gauge (2012) is used for broaching force testing.

2. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle box (1) includes a spindle box body (111) and a mechanical spindle (101) installed in the spindle box body (111). The spindle box body (111) is provided with a main motor (102) for driving the mechanical spindle (101), and a tool-changing cylinder (104) is provided above the mechanical spindle (101).

3. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that, The column (2) includes a column body (212) and a guide rail (207) disposed on the column body (212). The spindle box body (111) is slidably connected to the guide rail (207). The column body (212) is provided with a lead screw (208) connected to the spindle box body (111). The column body (212) is provided with a Z-axis drive motor (206) for driving the lead screw (208) to rotate.

4. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tool magazine (201) is fixedly installed on the column body (212), and the tool magazine (201) is equipped with a tool (203). A tool changing robot (202) is provided below the tool magazine (201).

5. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that, The loading tool holder (2011) is located at the front end of the machine spindle (101), and the dial indicator (5) is located on the machine spindle (101). The front end of the dial indicator (5) abuts against the outer circular surface of the front end of the loading tool holder (2011), and the loading mechanism (4) loads the loading tool holder (2011).

6. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a workbench base (9), a column (2) and a workbench (3) are all set on the workbench base (9), and a protective net (7) is provided on the workbench base (9).

7. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 6, characterized in that, The workbench (3) includes a workbench body (304), a workbench pad (301), a spindle pad (302), and a foot pad (303). The workbench body (304) is located above the workbench pad (301). The workbench pad (301) is fixedly installed on the workbench base (9). The foot pad (303) is fixedly installed below the workbench base (9). The spindle pad (302) is located on the workbench body (304).

8. The mechanical spindle testing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electrical cabinet (8) and a control system (6). The control system (6) is electrically connected to the electrical cabinet (8), the spindle box (1), and the column (2) to control the detection process, receive detection data in real time and compare it with preset standard values ​​to realize automated detection and alarm.

9. A method for testing a mechanical spindle, applicable to the mechanical spindle testing test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Install the machine spindle (101) to be tested into the spindle box (1); S2: Perform broaching force testing, mechanical precision testing, static stiffness testing, and tool changing reliability testing in sequence; S3: During the testing process, the test data is transmitted to the control system in real time, and the system automatically determines whether it is qualified; S4: If all test items are qualified, output the test report; if any item is unqualified, stop the test and alarm, and restart the test from the first item after manual intervention.

10. A method for detecting a mechanical spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tool changing reliability test includes: controlling the mechanical spindle (101) to rotate at high speed, and changing the tool (203) multiple times continuously by the tool changing robot (202) to detect whether a collision or tool changing failure occurs during the tool changing process.

Images