Bolt deformation measuring device

Abstract

The invention provides a bolt deformation measuring device. The upward sides of the left and right support legs of the device are respectively fixed with two optical axis brackets which are symmetrically arranged side by side; the two optical axes are respectively fixed on the two pairs of optical axis brackets, are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are parallel to each other; the four box-type sliding blocks are connected in pairs in a front-back mode and arranged on the two optical shafts in a sleeving mode, bolt left supports are fixed to the upper sides of the two sliding blocks on the left side, and bolt right supports are fixed to the upper sides of the two sliding blocks on the right side; the left end of the dial indicator moving guide rail is fixedly connected with the upper end of the left supporting leg, and the right end of the dial indicator moving guide rail is fixedly connected with the upper end of the right supporting leg; the dial gauge is fixed on the dial gauge guide rail slide block, and the rear side is provided with a graduated scale pointer matched with the graduated scale; the bolt rotating dial is fixed at the right end of the measured bolt; and the bolt upper support is fixed on the bolt upper support guide rail slide block and is matched with the bolt left and right supports, and a dial pointer is arranged on the right side of the bolt upper support and is matched with the bolt rotating dial. The measuring device is simple in principle and convenient to operate, and has a good measuring effect; the structure is simple, cost is low, and resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of measurement, and in particular to a bolt deformation measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] Bolted connections are one of the most basic and important connection forms in mechanical and engineering structures, and their reliability directly affects the safety of the overall structure. Under long-term loads or extreme working conditions, bolts can deform or even fail. Accurate measurement of bolt deformation can effectively analyze internal forces in the structure, assess the connection status, and optimize design schemes, which is of great significance for engineering safety and quality control. However, the deformation of high-strength bolts is often very small and difficult to observe with the naked eye. How to achieve simple, accurate, and low-cost quantitative measurement has always been a technical challenge in engineering practice.

[0003] Current methods for measuring bolt deformation typically draw upon deformation detection devices used for screws or threaded rods. However, these devices are not designed for bolts and have a series of inherent drawbacks:

[0004] A. The device is usually driven by a motor, and the vibration during operation can interfere with the measurement system and affect the final accuracy;

[0005] B. The support structure is mostly fixed, which cannot flexibly adapt to bolts of different lengths and diameters, resulting in poor versatility;

[0006] C. Measurement data needs to be obtained indirectly after being processed by a computer system, and cannot be read directly on site, making the operation process cumbersome;

[0007] D. The devices are often complex in structure, large in size, and expensive. They also rely on external power and lack portability and environmental adaptability, making them difficult to popularize and apply in diverse engineering sites.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a bolt deformation measuring device. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bolt deformation measuring device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows: a bolt deformation measuring device includes a base guide unit, a lower support unit, an upper guide measuring unit, and an upper clamping reading unit.

[0011] The base guide unit includes a left support leg, a right support leg, a front optical axis, and a rear optical axis. The left and right support legs are spaced apart. The front and rear optical axes are on the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other. The two ends of the front optical axis are fixed to the left and right support legs respectively by front optical axis bracket I and front optical axis bracket II. The two ends of the rear optical axis are fixed to the left and right support legs respectively by rear optical axis bracket I and rear optical axis bracket II.

[0012] The lower support unit includes a left support slider and a right support slider. Both the left and right support sliders are slidably mounted on the front and rear optical axes. A left bolt support is provided at the upper end of the left support slider. A right bolt support is provided at the upper end of the right support slider. The left and right bolt supports correspond left and right. Two bearings I are provided on the side of the left bolt support facing the right bolt support. Two bearings II are provided on the side of the right bolt support away from the left bolt support. Bearings I and II support the bolt to be tested and allow it to rotate. The left and right support sliders can adjust the distance between the left and right bolt supports by moving them left and right. The head of the bolt to be tested rests on the two bearings I. The bolt shaft rests on the two bearings II. The tail of the bolt cantilever is overhanging on the right side of the right bolt support.

[0013] The upper guiding measurement unit includes a dial indicator moving rail, a dial indicator rail slider, a dial indicator mounting base, and a dial indicator. The dial indicator moving rail is mounted between the upper ends of the left and right support legs. A scale is provided on the upper surface of the dial indicator moving rail along the left-right direction. The dial indicator rail slider is slidably fitted onto the forward-facing side of the dial indicator moving rail. The dial indicator mounting base is fixed to the forward-facing side of the dial indicator rail slider. The dial indicator is fixed to the dial indicator mounting base. The probe of the dial indicator faces downwards. The probe is aligned with the position of the bolt to be measured in the front-back direction. A scale pointer, which works in conjunction with the scale, is connected to the upper end of the dial indicator mounting base. The scale pointer is suspended above the scale.

[0014] The upper clamping reading unit includes an upper support guide rail slider, an upper support fixed seat, a bolt upper support, and a bolt rotating dial. The upper support guide rail slider is slidably fitted onto the forward-facing side of the dial indicator's moving guide rail. The upper support fixed seat is connected to the forward-facing side of the upper support guide rail slider. The upper support fixed seat is located between the bolt left support and the bolt right support. A dial pointer is provided at the right end of the upper support fixed seat. The bolt upper support is nested within the upper support fixed seat. A spring is provided inside the upper support fixed seat to allow the bolt upper support to float up and down. Bearing III is provided on the lower left side of the bolt upper support. Bearing III presses downward against the bolt being measured. Bearings I, II, and III cooperate to confine the bolt to be measured within the measurement area. The bolt rotating dial has an inner hole. The bolt rotating dial is temporarily nested at the tail end of the bolt screw being measured. The dial pointer is suspended above the bolt rotating dial for reading purposes.

[0015] During operation, the bolt is manually rotated to rotate the dial. This rotation causes the bolt under test to rotate. A dial indicator is used to measure the minute displacement changes on the bolt surface during rotation, thereby calculating the bolt's deformation value.

[0016] Furthermore, the front optical axis bracket I and the rear optical axis bracket I are fixed to the left support foot with screws. The front optical axis bracket II and the rear optical axis bracket II are fixed to the right support foot with screws. The left end of the dial indicator moving guide rail is fixed to the upper end of the left support foot with screws, and the right end is fixed to the upper end of the right support foot with screws. The dial indicator is fixed to the dial indicator mounting base with screws. The dial indicator mounting base is fixed to the dial indicator guide rail slider with screws. The upper support mounting base is fixed to the upper support guide rail slider with screws.

[0017] Furthermore, the left support slider includes a box-type slider I, a box-type slider II, and a left support slider connecting plate. The box-type slider I is fitted onto the front optical axis. The box-type slider II is fitted onto the rear optical axis. The left support slider connecting plate is laid on the upper surfaces of the box-type slider I and the box-type slider II. The box-type slider I and the box-type slider II are connected to the left support slider connecting plate by screws to form a combined structure.

[0018] The right support slider includes box-type slider III, box-type slider IV, and a right support slider connecting plate. Box-type slider III is fitted onto the front optical axis. Box-type slider IV is fitted onto the rear optical axis. The right support slider connecting plate is laid on the upper surface of box-type slider III and box-type slider IV. Box-type slider III and box-type slider IV are connected to the right support slider connecting plate by screws to form a combined structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the left bolt support is fixed to the left support slider connecting plate by screws. The right bolt support is fixed to the right support slider connecting plate by screws.

[0020] Furthermore, the left bolt support and the left support slider connecting plate are an integral component. The right bolt support and the right support slider connecting plate are also an integral component.

[0021] Furthermore, the bolt rotation dial is a replaceable structure, used to adapt to bolts of different diameters.

[0022] Furthermore, the left and right support legs are selected from L-shaped or square structures.

[0023] The present invention also discloses a method for measuring bolt deformation according to the above-described device, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1) Device adjustment and alignment.

[0025] S2) Installation and Fixing of the Bolt to be Tested. Select a suitable bolt rotation dial based on the diameter of the bolt. Nest the bolt rotation dial around the tail end of the bolt shank. Lift the bolt support, placing the bolt shank body on bearing II and the head on bearing I. After the bolt is in place, lower the bolt support, with bearing III pressing down against the bolt. The cooperation of bearings I, II, and III confines the bolt within the measurement area, ensuring that the bolt does not shift during measurement.

[0026] S3) Rotation Measurement and Data Reading. Manually rotate the bolt to rotate the dial, causing the bolt to rotate one revolution at a constant speed. The operator records the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial indicator reading during the rotation and calculates the radial deformation.

[0027] S4) After the measurement is completed, remove the bolt to be measured. Reset the device and prepare for the next measurement.

[0028] Furthermore, to measure the deformation at different locations on the bolt, slide the dial indicator guide slider to change the position of the dial indicator along the bolt's length, and repeat the rotation measurement steps. The ruler and its pointer are used for precise positioning of the measurement points.

[0029] The technical effects of this invention are beyond doubt:

[0030] A. When the bolt is manually rotated, the minute ellipticity change of its cross-section is captured by the probe of the dial indicator and amplified into a clear pointer reading. The operator only needs to record the maximum and minimum values ​​and perform an arithmetic average to directly obtain the accurate amount of deformation. The whole process does not rely on complex electronic sensors and data processing systems, fundamentally eliminating the errors that may be introduced by indirect measurement.

[0031] B. While achieving high-precision measurement, this device also demonstrates excellent versatility and adaptability, freeing it from the limitations of traditional testing equipment that can only handle workpieces of specific specifications. Through a simple yet effective design, allowing the support slider to slide freely along the optical axis, the distance between the left and right supports of the bolt can be flexibly adjusted, easily accommodating bolts of different lengths. Even more ingeniously, by changing the dials with bolts of different inner diameters, the device can adapt to measuring bolts of different diameters. This modular and adjustable design greatly expands the application range of the equipment, enabling a single device to meet diverse testing needs, significantly enhancing its practical value and economy.

[0032] C. The extreme simplification of the operating procedure and the intuitive and reliable measurement process are another outstanding technical achievement of this device. The entire measurement process is logically clear and ergonomically designed. From raising the spring-loaded upper support and dial indicator probe to insert the bolt, to adjusting the slider position, lowering the support for fixation, and finally rotating the dial to read the data, all steps are smooth and efficient. This design allows operators to get started without complex training, and the direct readings provided by the dial indicator avoid ambiguity in data interpretation, providing immediate and reliable evidence for engineering judgments. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a front view of the overall structure;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram (sectional view) of the upper support device.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the overall structure.

[0036] In the diagram: Left support leg 1, Right support leg 2, Front optical axis bracket I 3, Front optical axis 35, Rear optical axis bracket I 4, Rear optical axis 46, Front optical axis bracket II 5, Rear optical axis bracket II 6, Box-type slider I 7, Left support slider 78, Box-type slider II 8, Box-type slider III 9, Right support slider 910, Right support slider connecting plate 9101, Box-type slider IV 10, Bolt left support 11, Bearing I 112, Bolt right support 12, Bearing II 122, Dial indicator moving guide rail 13, Scale 14, Dial indicator 15, Dial indicator fixing seat 152, Dial indicator guide rail slider 16, Scale pointer 17, Bolt rotating dial 18, Bolt upper support 19, Upper support fixing seat 191, Dial pointer 1912, Bearing III 192, Spring 193, Upper support guide rail slider 20. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 This embodiment provides a bolt deformation measuring device, including a base guide unit, a lower support unit, an upper guide measuring unit, and an upper clamping reading unit.

[0040] The base guide unit includes a left support leg 1, a right support leg 2, a front optical axis 35, and a rear optical axis 46. The left support leg 1 and the right support leg 2 are spaced apart. The front optical axis 35 and the rear optical axis 46 are on the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other. The two ends of the front optical axis 35 are fixed to the left support leg 1 and the right support leg 2 respectively by front optical axis bracket I3 and front optical axis bracket II5. The two ends of the rear optical axis 46 are fixed to the left support leg 1 and the right support leg 2 respectively by rear optical axis bracket I4 and rear optical axis bracket II6.

[0041] The lower support unit includes a left support slider 78 and a right support slider 910. Both the left and right support sliders 78 and 910 are slidably mounted on the front optical axis 35 and the rear optical axis 46. A bolt left support 11 is provided at the upper end of the left support slider 78. A bolt right support 12 is provided at the upper end of the right support slider 910. The bolt left support 11 and bolt right support 12 are symmetrically positioned. Two bearings I 112 are provided on the side of the bolt left support 11 facing the bolt right support 12. Two bearings II 122 are provided on the side of the bolt right support 12 away from the bolt left support 11. The bearings I 112 and II 122 support the bolt to be tested and allow it to rotate. The left and right movement of the left and right support sliders 78 and 910 adjusts the distance between the bolt left support 11 and bolt right support 12, accommodating measurement requirements for bolts of different lengths. The head of the bolt to be tested rests on the two bearings I 112. The bolt shaft of the bolt to be tested rests on two bearings II122. The tail of the bolt shaft cantilever is located on the right side of the bolt right support 12.

[0042] The upper guiding measurement unit includes a dial indicator moving guide rail 13, a dial indicator guide rail slider 16, a dial indicator mounting base 152, and a dial indicator 15. The dial indicator moving guide rail 13 is mounted between the upper ends of the left support leg 1 and the right support leg 2. A scale 14 is provided on the upper surface of the dial indicator moving guide rail 13 along the left-right direction. The dial indicator guide rail slider 16 is slidably fitted on the front side of the dial indicator moving guide rail 13. The dial indicator mounting base 152 is fixed to the front side of the dial indicator guide rail slider 16. The dial indicator 15 is fixed on the dial indicator mounting base 152. The probe of the dial indicator 15 faces downward. The probe is aligned with the position of the bolt to be measured in the front-back direction. A scale pointer 17 for use with the scale 14 is connected to the upper end of the dial indicator mounting base 152. The scale pointer 17 is suspended above the scale 14 to record the bolt length reading.

[0043] The upper clamping reading unit includes an upper support guide rail slider 20, an upper support fixing seat 191, a bolt upper support 19, and a bolt rotating scale 18. The upper support guide rail slider 20 is slidably sleeved on the front side of the dial indicator moving guide rail 13. The upper support fixing seat 191 is connected to the front side of the upper support guide rail slider 20. The upper support fixing seat 191 is located between the bolt left support 11 and the bolt right support 12. A scale pointer 1912 is provided at the right end of the upper support fixing seat 191. The bolt upper support 19 is nested in the upper support fixing seat 191. A spring 193 is provided inside the upper support fixing seat 191 to allow the bolt upper support 19 to float up and down. The upper support fixing seat 191 is a block structure. A sliding cavity is provided through the upper and lower parts of the upper support fixing seat 191. A spring cavity is provided on the lower surface of the upper support fixing seat 191. The bolt upper support 19 is a bent structure. The bolt upper support 19 includes an upper part and a lower part connected by a middle connecting unit. The upper part is located above the upper support fixing seat 191. The middle connecting unit is slidably disposed in the sliding cavity. The sliding cavity plays a major guiding role in the up-and-down floating of the bolt upper support 19. The lower end of the middle connecting unit extends from below the sliding cavity. The lower part is located below the upper support fixing seat 191. The spring 193 is accommodated in the spring cavity. The two ends of the spring 193 are respectively connected to the top wall of the spring cavity and the upper surface of the lower part of the bolt upper support 19. A bearing III 192 is provided on the lower left side of the bolt upper support 19. The bearing III 192 presses downward against the bolt to be tested. The bearings I 112, II 122 and III 192 cooperate to confine the bolt to be tested within the measurement area. The bolt rotating scale 18 has an inner hole. The bolt rotating scale 18 is temporarily nested in the tail end of the bolt screw to be tested. The scale pointer 1912 is suspended above the bolt rotating scale 18 to assist in reading.

[0044] During operation, the bolt rotation dial 18 is manually rotated. The rotation of the bolt rotation dial 18 causes the bolt to be tested to rotate. A dial indicator 15 is used to measure the minute displacement changes on the surface of the bolt during rotation, thereby calculating the bolt's deformation value.

[0045] This embodiment is simple in principle, easy to operate, and has good measurement results. It can measure bolts of various specifications and directly read the deformation of the bolt being measured. It also features simple installation and replacement, easy operation, and low cost.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] This embodiment is similar in main content to Embodiment 1, except that the front optical axis bracket I3 and the rear optical axis bracket I4 are fixed to the left support leg 1 with screws. The front optical axis bracket II5 and the rear optical axis bracket II6 are fixed to the right support leg 2 with screws. The left end of the dial indicator moving guide rail 13 is fixed to the upper end of the left support leg 1 with screws, and the right end is fixed to the upper end of the right support leg 2 with screws. The dial indicator 15 is fixed to the dial indicator mounting base 152 with screws. The dial indicator mounting base 152 is fixed to the dial indicator guide rail slider 16 with screws. The upper support mounting base 191 is fixed to the upper support guide rail slider 20 with screws.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] This embodiment is similar in main content to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the left support slider 78 includes a box-type slider I 7, a box-type slider II 8, and a left support slider connecting plate 781. The box-type slider I 7 is sleeved on the front optical axis 35. The box-type slider II 8 is sleeved on the rear optical axis 46. The left support slider connecting plate 781 is laid on the upper surface of the box-type slider I 7 and the box-type slider II 8. The box-type slider I 7 and the box-type slider II 8 are connected to the left support slider connecting plate 781 by screws to form a combined structure.

[0050] The right support slider 910 includes a box-type slider III 9, a box-type slider IV 10, and a right support slider connecting plate 9101. The box-type slider III 9 is sleeved on the front optical axis 35. The box-type slider IV 10 is sleeved on the rear optical axis 46. The right support slider connecting plate 9101 is laid on the upper surface of the box-type slider III 9 and the box-type slider IV 10. The box-type slider III 9 and the box-type slider IV 10 are connected to the right support slider connecting plate 9101 by screws to form a combined structure.

[0051] In actual production, the box-type slider uses the commercially available SCS10uu type linear sliding unit slider, such as the product manufactured by Jiangsu Nanfang Precision Machinery Co., Ltd.

[0052] Example 4:

[0053] The main content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3, wherein the left bolt support 11 is fixed to the left support slider connecting plate 781 by screws. The right bolt support 12 is fixed to the right support slider connecting plate 9101 by screws.

[0054] Example 5:

[0055] The main content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 3, except that the left bolt support 11 and the left support slider connecting plate 781 are integral components. The right bolt support 12 and the right support slider connecting plate 9101 are integral components. They simultaneously function as support bolts and connect corresponding sliders.

[0056] Example 6:

[0057] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the bolt rotation dial 18 is a replaceable structure used to adapt to bolts of different diameters.

[0058] Example 7:

[0059] The main content of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein the left support leg 1 and the right support leg 2 are selected as L-shaped or square structures.

[0060] Example 8:

[0061] This embodiment provides a method for measuring bolt deformation according to the device described in embodiments 1 to 7, including the following steps:

[0062] S1) Device adjustment and alignment.

[0063] S2) Installation and Fixing of the Bolt to be Tested. Select a suitable bolt rotation dial 18 according to the diameter of the bolt to be tested. Nest the bolt rotation dial 18 onto the tail end of the bolt shank. Lift the bolt support 19, placing the bolt shank body on bearing II 122 and the head on bearing I 112. After the bolt is in place, lower the bolt support 19, with bearing III 192 pressing downwards against the bolt. The cooperation of bearings I 112, II 122, and III 192 confines the bolt to be tested within the measurement area, ensuring that the bolt does not shift during the measurement process.

[0064] S3) Rotation Measurement and Data Reading. Manually rotate the bolt to rotate dial 18, causing the bolt to rotate one revolution at a constant speed. The operator records the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial indicator reading during the rotation and calculates the radial deformation. Therefore, the deformation value at this location can be obtained as (maximum value - minimum value) / 2.

[0065] S4) After the measurement is completed, remove the bolt to be measured. Reset the device and prepare for the next measurement.

[0066] Example 9:

[0067] The main content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 8. However, to measure the deformation of the bolt at different locations, slide the dial indicator guide slider 16 to change the position of the dial indicator along the bolt length direction, and repeat the rotation measurement steps. The scale 14 and scale pointer 17 are used to accurately locate the measurement point.

Claims

1. A bolt deformation measuring device, characterized in that: It includes a base guide unit, a lower support unit, an upper guide measuring unit, and an upper clamping reading unit; The base guide unit includes a left support leg (1), a right support leg (2), a front optical axis (35), and a rear optical axis (46); the left support leg (1) and the right support leg (2) are spaced apart; the front optical axis (35) and the rear optical axis (46) are on the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other; the two ends of the front optical axis (35) are fixed to the left support leg (1) and the right support leg (2) respectively by front optical axis bracket I (3) and front optical axis bracket II (5); the two ends of the rear optical axis (46) are fixed to the left support leg (1) and the right support leg (2) respectively by rear optical axis bracket I (4) and rear optical axis bracket II (6); The lower support unit includes a left support slider (78) and a right support slider (910); both the left support slider (78) and the right support slider (910) are slidably mounted on the front optical axis (35) and the rear optical axis (46); a bolt left support (11) is provided at the upper end of the left support slider (78); a bolt right support (12) is provided at the upper end of the right support slider (910); the bolt left support (11) and the bolt right support (12) are corresponding left and right; two bearings I (112) are provided on the side of the bolt left support (11) facing the bolt right support (12); the bolt right support ( 12) Two bearings II (122) are provided on the side away from the left support (11) of the bolt; the bearings I (112) and II (122) are used to support the bolt to be tested and allow the bolt to be tested to rotate; the left support slider (78) and the right support slider (910) can adjust the distance between the left support (11) and the right support (12) of the bolt by moving in the left and right directions; the head of the bolt to be tested rests on the two bearings I (112); the body of the bolt to be tested rests on the two bearings II (122); the tail of the bolt to be tested cantilevered on the right side of the right support (12) of the bolt. The upper guide measuring unit includes a dial indicator moving guide rail (13), a dial indicator guide rail slider (16), a dial indicator fixing seat (152), and a dial indicator (15); the dial indicator moving guide rail (13) is mounted between the upper ends of the left support (1) and the right support (2); a scale (14) is provided on the upper surface of the dial indicator moving guide rail (13) along the left-right direction; the dial indicator guide rail slider (16) is slidably fitted on the front side of the dial indicator moving guide rail (13); the... The dial indicator mounting base (152) is fixed to the front side of the dial indicator guide slide (16); the dial indicator (15) is fixed on the dial indicator mounting base (152); the probe of the dial indicator (15) faces downward; the probe is aligned with the position of the bolt to be measured in the front-back direction; the upper end of the dial indicator mounting base (152) is connected to a scale pointer (17) for use with the scale (14); the scale pointer (17) is suspended above the scale (14); The upper clamping reading unit includes an upper support guide rail slider (20), an upper support fixing seat (191), a bolt upper support (19), and a bolt rotating scale (18); the upper support guide rail slider (20) is slidably sleeved on the front side of the dial indicator moving guide rail (13); the upper support fixing seat (191) is connected to the front side of the upper support guide rail slider (20); the upper support fixing seat (191) is located between the bolt left support (11) and the bolt right support (12); the right side of the upper support fixing seat (191) The upper end is provided with a dial pointer (1912); the upper bolt support (19) is nested in the upper support fixing seat (191); the upper support fixing seat (191) is provided with a spring (193) to allow the upper bolt support (19) to float up and down; the upper support fixing seat (191) is a block structure; the upper support fixing seat (191) is provided with sliding cavities running through it from top to bottom; the lower surface of the upper support fixing seat (191) is provided with a spring cavity; the upper bolt support (19) is a bent structure; the upper bolt support... (19) includes an upper part and a lower part connected by a middle connecting unit; the upper part is located above the upper support fixing seat (191); the middle connecting unit is slidably disposed in a sliding cavity; the sliding cavity plays a major guiding role in the up-and-down floating of the bolt upper support (19); the lower end of the middle connecting unit extends from below the sliding cavity; the lower part is located below the upper support fixing seat (191); the spring (193) is accommodated in a spring cavity; the two ends of the spring (193) are respectively connected to the top wall of the spring cavity and the lower part of the bolt upper support (19). The upper surface of the part; a bearing III (192) is provided on the lower left side of the bolt support (19); the bearing III (192) presses down against the bolt to be tested; the bearing I (112), bearing II (122) and bearing III (192) cooperate to restrict the bolt to be tested within the measurement area; the bolt rotating scale (18) has an inner hole; the bolt rotating scale (18) is temporarily nested at the tail end of the bolt screw to be tested; the scale pointer (1912) is suspended above the bolt rotating scale (18) to assist in reading; During operation, the bolt rotation dial (18) is manually rotated; when the bolt rotation dial (18) rotates, it drives the bolt to be tested to rotate; the micro displacement change of the surface of the bolt to be tested during the rotation is measured by a dial indicator (15), thereby calculating the deformation value of the bolt.

2. The bolt deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front optical axis bracket I (3) and the rear optical axis bracket I (4) are fixed to the left support leg (1) by screws; the front optical axis bracket II (5) and the rear optical axis bracket II (6) are fixed to the right support leg (2) by screws; the left end of the dial indicator moving guide rail (13) is fixed to the upper end of the left support leg (1) by screws, and the right end is fixed to the upper end of the right support leg (2) by screws; the dial indicator (15) is fixed to the dial indicator fixing seat (152) by screws; the dial indicator fixing seat (152) is fixed to the dial indicator guide rail slider (16) by screws; the upper support fixing seat (191) is fixed to the upper support guide rail slider (20) by screws.

3. The bolt deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left support slider (78) includes a box slider I (7), a box slider II (8), and a left support slider connecting plate (781); the box slider I (7) is sleeved on the front optical axis (35); the box slider II (8) is sleeved on the rear optical axis (46); the left support slider connecting plate (781) is laid on the upper surface of the box slider I (7) and the box slider II (8); the box slider I (7) and the box slider II (8) are connected to the left support slider connecting plate (781) by screws to form a combined structure; The right support slider (910) includes a box slider III (9), a box slider IV (10) and a right support slider connecting plate (9101); the box slider III (9) is fitted on the front optical axis (35); the box slider IV (10) is fitted on the rear optical axis (46); the right support slider connecting plate (9101) is laid on the upper surface of the box slider III (9) and the box slider IV (10); the box slider III (9) and the box slider IV (10) are connected to the right support slider connecting plate (9101) by screws to form a combined structure.

4. The bolt deformation measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left bolt support (11) is fixed to the left support slider connecting plate (781) by screws; the right bolt support (12) is fixed to the right support slider connecting plate (9101) by screws.

5. The bolt deformation measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left bolt support (11) and the left support slider connecting plate (781) are an integral component; the right bolt support (12) and the right support slider connecting plate (9101) are an integral component.

6. The bolt deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt rotation dial (18) is a replaceable structure used to adapt to bolts of different diameters.

7. The bolt deformation measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left support (1) and right support (2) are L-shaped or square in structure.

8. A method for measuring bolt deformation using the device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1) Device adjustment and alignment; S2) Installation and fixing of the bolt to be tested; Select a suitable bolt rotation dial (18) according to the diameter of the bolt to be tested; Nest the bolt rotation dial (18) at the tail end of the bolt to be tested; Lift the upper support (19) of the bolt, place the bolt body on bearing II (122), and place the bolt head on bearing I (112); After the bolt is placed in place, lower the upper support (19), and the bearing III (192) presses down against the bolt to be tested; The bearing I (112), bearing II (122) and bearing III (192) cooperate to restrict the bolt to be tested within the measurement area, ensuring that the bolt will not move during the measurement process; S3) Rotation measurement and data reading; manually rotate the bolt to rotate the dial (18) to drive the bolt to be measured to rotate at a constant speed for one revolution; the operator records the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial indicator reading during the rotation process and calculates the radial deformation. S4) After the measurement is completed, remove the bolt to be measured; reset the device and prepare for the next measurement.

9. A bolt deformation measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: To measure the deformation of the bolt at different positions, slide the dial indicator guide slider (16) to change the position of the dial indicator along the bolt length direction and repeat the rotation measurement steps; the scale (14) and scale pointer (17) are used to accurately locate the measurement point.

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