Atmospheric pollution rainfall sampling and detecting equipment for environmental engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses environmental engineering atmospheric pollution rainfall sampling detection equipment which comprises a top plate and a base, a collecting part is arranged on the top plate, and a shunting gating part is arranged between the top plate and the base. The flow dividing and gating part comprises a flow dividing groove, a gating plate and a flow dividing plate, the interior of the flow dividing groove is divided into an early-stage cavity and a later-stage cavity through a partition plate, the gating plate is provided with an early-stage water inlet and a later-stage water inlet, and the flow dividing plate is provided with a gating hole; a liquid level triggering part comprising a floating block is arranged in the initial cavity, and the floating block is connected with the splitter plate through a connecting rod. The floating block induces the liquid level of the initial cavity, when rainwater is accumulated to a set amount, the splitter plate is driven to move to switch the water inlet, and time-phased automatic sampling based on the actual accumulation amount is achieved; meanwhile, the baffle is driven to descend through linkage of the lever mechanism, an initial water outlet channel is cut off, and samples are effectively prevented from being mixed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of atmospheric pollution detection, and particularly relates to a sampling and detection device for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of environmental engineering and atmospheric pollution monitoring, automatic sampling and analysis of rainfall is an important means to study the pollution characteristics of atmospheric wet deposition. In order to distinguish the initial rainwater (which can carry a large amount of pollutants in the air and on the ground due to its scouring effect) from the relatively clean later rainwater, a time-segmented sampling device needs to be used. At present, the common automatic time-segmented rainwater sampling device is mainly realized based on the following technical solutions: first, a time control type sampler is used, which automatically switches the sampling bottle or valve at a preset time point (such as the first 15 minutes after the start of rainfall) after the start of rainfall through the built-in electronic timer; second, a flow proportional type sampler is used, which triggers the switching when the preset initial flow is reached through the flow sensor; third, some new devices combine rain sensors and electric valves, trying to adjust according to the real-time rainfall intensity.

[0003] However, these existing rainwater sampling devices have significant technical limitations and defects in actual application: first, whether based on fixed time or fixed initial flow control mode, it is difficult to accurately adapt to complex and variable actual rainfall process; the variation of rainfall intensity, duration and underlying surface conditions will cause great difference in the amount of initial runoff, and the rigid preset value often leads to unrepresentative initial rainwater collection amount or serious deviation of switching time from the real initial scouring stage, directly affecting the accuracy of subsequent pollution load analysis; second, the device relying on electronic sensors, controllers and electric valves has complex structure, high manufacturing and maintenance costs; in the harsh working environment of high temperature, high humidity, lightning and unattended in the field, the failure rate of electronic components is high, the overall reliability of the system is poor, and the stability of long-term operation is difficult to guarantee; third, most of the existing devices lack physical isolation mechanism for the flow path during the sampling stage after switching; after switching, the residual water sample in the pre-sampling pipeline may mix with the post-sampling water sample due to gravity or pressure, or the post-sampling water flow may backflow, resulting in that the collected sample is not pure initial or post sample, causing serious cross contamination, making the detection data distorted and losing the fundamental significance of time-segmented sampling. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a sampling and detection device for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is realized by the following technical solutions: The application discloses a kind of equipment for environmental engineering atmospheric pollution precipitation sampling detection, including top plate and base, the top plate is provided with collection part, the top plate is provided with shunt gating part between base, collection part is used to receive and flow rainwater;The shunt gating part includes shunt groove, gating plate and shunt plate, the shunt groove is fixedly provided with partition plate, the shunt groove is divided into initial stage cavity and later stage cavity by partition plate, the gating plate is fixed on the top of shunt groove, and early-stage water inlet and later-stage water inlet are formed in the gating plate, and the shunt plate is provided with gating hole;Liquid level trigger part is arranged in the initial stage cavity, the liquid level trigger part includes buoyancy piece that can be raised and lowered with liquid level, the buoyancy piece is in transmission connection with the shunt plate, the initial stage cavity and later stage cavity are respectively connected with initial stage water delivery pipe and later stage water delivery pipe for sampling, when rainwater in the initial stage cavity accumulates and makes the buoyancy piece rise to set position, drive the shunt plate to move, make gating hole switch to align the later-stage water inlet, rainwater is changed to enter later stage cavity, so as to realize time-period sampling based on initial stage rainwater accumulation.

[0006] Preferably, the collection part includes a collection funnel fixed to the top plate, the collection funnel is provided with a filter cylinder, a plurality of guide plates are fixedly connected between the filter cylinder and the inner wall of the collection funnel, the bottom surface of the base is fixedly provided with a plurality of support rods, and the upper surface of the gating plate is fixedly provided with slopes on both sides.

[0007] Preferably, the buoyancy piece is a floating block, a connecting rod is hingedly connected to the upper surface of the floating block, and the upper end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the shunt plate.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of first guide rods are fixedly arranged in the initial stage cavity, guide blocks are slidably arranged on the circumferential surface of the first guide rods, the guide blocks are fixedly connected to the floating block, and limit plates are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the first guide rods.

[0009] Preferably, the shunt groove is further provided with an anti-backflow blocking mechanism, the anti-backflow blocking mechanism includes a blocking plate arranged in the initial stage cavity and a linkage assembly, one end of the linkage assembly is connected to the floating block, the other end of the linkage assembly is connected to the blocking plate, when the floating block rises to the set position to drive the shunt plate to move, the blocking plate is driven to descend to block the water outlet channel of the initial stage cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes a mounting bracket fixedly arranged on the base, a lever rotatably arranged in the mounting bracket, a first sliding rod and a second sliding rod hingedly connected to both ends of the lever, the upper end of the first sliding rod is fixedly connected to the floating block, and the upper end of the second sliding rod is fixedly connected to the blocking plate.

[0011] Preferably, a second guide rod is fixedly arranged in the initial stage cavity, the upper end of the second guide rod penetrates through the blocking plate, and the blocking plate is in sliding cooperation with the second guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, a differential pressure indicator is fixed on the initial water delivery pipe, and a sealing ring is arranged at the connecting position of the differential pressure indicator and the initial water delivery pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting guide rail is fixed on the bottom surface of the gating plate, a limiting block is slidably arranged on the peripheral surface of the limiting guide rail, the limiting block is fixedly connected with the shunt plate, a plurality of tension springs are fixed on one side surface of the inner wall of the shunt groove, and one end of each of the tension springs is fixedly connected with the shunt plate.

[0014] Preferably, a first sampling bottle and a second sampling bottle are detachably connected with the ends of the initial water delivery pipe and the later water delivery pipe, respectively.

[0015] The present application has the following advantages: 1. The present application realizes automatic sampling based on actual rainwater accumulation in different time periods. Specifically, a liquid level trigger type shunt gating part composed of a floating block, a shunt plate and a gating plate is arranged to realize the automatic sampling. The structure can directly respond to the liquid level change in the initial cavity, so that the sampling switching is strictly synchronized with the actual collection of initial rainwater, and the defects of inaccurate traditional time or flow control are overcome, thereby ensuring the representativeness of the sample in the sampling stage. 2. The present application ensures the independence of water samples in different stages and prevents cross contamination. Specifically, an anti-backflow cutting mechanism linked with the floating block is arranged. When the floating block rises to trigger the shunt switching, the mechanism synchronously drives the blocking plate to descend, thereby mechanically cutting off the initial water outlet channel, avoiding backflow of later rainwater or backflow of residual water in the initial stage, and ensuring that the initial and later water samples are completely separated, thereby greatly improving the reliability of the detection data. 3. The present application realizes intuitive monitoring and fault warning of the sampling pipeline state. Specifically, a differential pressure indicator is arranged on the initial water delivery pipe to realize the intuitive monitoring and fault warning. When the pipeline is blocked, leaks or the sampling bottle is full, the differential pressure indicator can provide clear visual signals through the differential pressure change, so that the operator can timely find and handle the abnormality, thereby ensuring the continuity and success rate of the sampling process.

[0016] Of course, any product implementing the present application does not necessarily need to achieve all the advantages described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed for the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom side structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the collecting section of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the collection tank of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure on the right side; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the upper structure; Figure 9 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle; Figure 10 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0019] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Top plate; 2. Base; 3. Collection funnel; 4. Guide plate; 5. Diversion channel; 6. First sampling bottle; 7. Second sampling bottle; 8. Initial water supply pipe; 9. Subsequent water supply pipe; 10. Support rod; 11. Differential pressure indicator; 12. Mounting bracket; 13. Lever; 14. First slide rod; 15. Second slide rod; 16. Filter cylinder; 17. Divider plate; 18. Selector plate; 19. Limiting guide rail; 20. Diversion plate; 21. First guide rod; 22. Second guide plate; 23. Barrier plate; 24. Float block; 25. Guide block; 26. Selector hole; 27. Initial water inlet; 28. Subsequent water inlet; 29. ​​Slope; 30. Tension spring; 31. Limiting block; 32. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-10 As shown in the drawings, the present application is a kind of equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation sampling detection of environmental engineering, including top plate 1 and base 2, which are stably connected by a plurality of reinforcing bars, the bottom surface of base 2 is fixedly provided with a plurality of support rods 10 for ensuring the stability of the equipment, the top of the equipment is provided with a collection part for receiving and preliminary purifying rainwater, the middle part is provided with a shunt gating part responsible for automatically switching the water flow channel according to the liquid level, and the bottom is connected with a sample collection part for storing rainwater samples at different stages. The working principle of the equipment is based on pure mechanical linkage: the initial rainwater accumulates in the initial cavity of the shunt gating part, directly driving the float 24 to float up.

[0023] The collection part as the water inlet end is composed of a collection funnel 3 fixed on the top plate 1, which is fixedly provided with a filter cylinder 16 inside, which can filter out large particle impurities such as leaves and sand particles to prevent clogging of the subsequent pipeline, a plurality of guide plates 4 are connected between the filter cylinder 16 and the inner wall of the collection funnel 3, which guide the filtered rainwater to the shunt gating part below in sequence to ensure uniform water inflow, and the slopes 29 arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the gating plate 18 help to collect the water flow to the early water inlet 27 or the late water inlet 28, reducing splashing.

[0024] The shunt gating part includes a shunt groove 5, a gating plate 18, a shunt plate 20 and a liquid level triggering part, the shunt groove 5 is physically divided into initial cavity and late cavity by fixed partition plate 17, the gating plate 18 is fixed on the top of the shunt groove 5, and the early water inlet 27 and the late water inlet 28 are accurately arranged on the gating plate 18, corresponding to the initial cavity and the late cavity below respectively, the shunt plate 20 is located below the gating plate 18, and the shunt hole 26 is arranged on the shunt plate 20, the horizontal movement of the shunt hole 26 determines which water inlet is connected with the cavity below, the sensing element of the liquid level triggering part is the float 24 placed in the initial cavity, the float 24 is connected with the shunt plate 20 through the hinged connecting rod 32, in order to ensure that the float 24 only moves vertically to sense the liquid level, the first guide rod 21 is fixedly arranged in the initial cavity, the float 24 and the first guide rod 21 form a sliding pair through the guide block 25, the movement of the shunt plate 20 is guided by the limiting guide rail 19 and the limiting block 31, and the restoring tendency force is provided by the tension spring 30.

[0025] At the beginning of rainfall, the selection hole 26 is aligned with the early water inlet 27 under the action of the tension spring 30, and the rainwater enters the early stage cavity through the inlet and begins to accumulate. As the liquid level rises, the buoyancy on the float 24 increases, driving the connecting rod 32 to act. When the liquid level reaches the accurately set height, it represents the set initial rainwater accumulation, and the float 24 provides a pulling force through the connecting rod 32, which is enough to overcome the pulling force of the tension spring 30, driving the flow distribution plate 20 to slide horizontally. At this time, the selection hole 26 moves away from the early water inlet 27 and moves to align with the late water inlet 28, and the rainwater immediately switches the path and begins to enter the late stage cavity. This process is triggered directly by the actual accumulation of the initial rainwater, ensuring that the sampling switching time is strictly synchronized with the real hydrological process, solving the technical problem of inaccurate traditional time or flow presetting.

[0026] The anti-backflow cutoff mechanism is further provided in the flow distribution groove 5, and the anti-backflow cutoff mechanism includes a blocking plate 23 provided on the early stage cavity water outlet path and a linkage assembly connecting the float 24 and the blocking plate 23. The linkage assembly is composed of a mounting frame 12, a lever 13, a first sliding rod 14 and a second sliding rod 15. The lever 13 is rotationally arranged on the mounting frame 12. The upper end of the first sliding rod 14 is connected to the float 24, and the lower end is hingedly connected to one end of the lever 13. The upper end of the second sliding rod 15 is connected to the blocking plate 23, and the lower end is hingedly connected to the other end of the lever 13. The blocking plate 23 is slidably sleeved on the second guide rod 22 to maintain a vertical movement track.

[0027] When the float 24 floats due to the rising of the liquid level, it not only pulls the flow distribution plate 20 through the connecting rod 32 to switch the channel, but also pulls one end of the lever 13 through the first sliding rod 14. According to the principle of the lever, the other end of the lever 13 is immediately pressed down, driving the blocking plate 23 to move downward along the second guide rod 22 through the second sliding rod 15. The downward movement of the blocking plate 23 closes the inlet of the early stage water pipe 8. This design ensures that the early stage sampling flow path is mechanically forced to be cut off at the moment of water flow channel switching, avoiding the possibility of backflow of late stage rainwater to the early stage pipe or mixing of the two-stage water samples at the connection, thereby ensuring the high independence of the collected early stage and late stage samples.

[0028] A differential pressure indicator 11 is installed on the early stage water pipe 8, which can sensitively reflect the pressure change in the pipe. When the water flows smoothly during normal sampling, the indicator shows a normal state. If the pipe is blocked, the sampling bottle is full or the interface leaks, the pressure difference in the pipe will change significantly, and the indicator will give an intuitive visual alarm, so that the operator can find the fault in time and ensure the continuous success of the sampling task. The bottoms of the early stage cavity and the late stage cavity are respectively connected to the early stage water pipe 8 and the late stage water pipe 9, the ends of which are connected to the first sampling bottle 6 and the second sampling bottle 7 in a detachable manner (such as threaded connection), and a sealing ring is provided at the connection for sealing, facilitating the taking, placing, transporting and replacing of the bottle body after sampling.

[0029] Working principle: When it rains, rainwater is first collected via the collection funnel 3 and filtered by the filter cylinder 16, and then flows to the gating plate 18 fixed on the top of the diversion groove 5. In the initial state, the diversion plate 20 arranged below the gating plate 18 is driven by the tension spring 30, so that the gating hole 26 thereon is aligned with the early water inlet 27 of the gating plate 18, and rainwater enters the early-stage cavity separated by the partition plate 17, and flows into the first sampling bottle 6 through the early-stage water delivery pipe 8, completing the collection of early-stage rainwater. As the early-stage cavity accumulates rainwater, the liquid level rises, driving the float 24 arranged therein to float up. When the liquid level reaches the preset height, the float 24 drives the diversion plate 20 to move against the tension of the tension spring 30 through the connecting rod 32, so that the gating hole 26 is switched to align with the late water inlet 28 of the gating plate 18, and rainwater enters the late-stage cavity and flows into the second sampling bottle 7 through the late-stage water delivery pipe 9, realizing the collection of late-stage rainwater. At the same time, the float 24 is connected to the first sliding rod 14, and the rotation of the lever 13 drives the blocking plate 23 to slide down along the second guide rod 22 through the second sliding rod 15, thereby blocking the water outlet of the early-stage cavity and completely preventing the mixing of the two-stage water samples after switching.

[0030] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "an example", "a specific example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are only used to help explain the application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the application to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of the present specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the application, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the application. The application is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A sampling and detection device for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering, comprising a top plate (1) and a base (2), characterized in that, A collection section is provided on the top plate (1), and a diversion and channeling section for receiving and guiding rainwater is provided between the top plate (1) and the base (2); The diversion and selection section includes a diversion channel (5), a selection plate (18), and a diversion plate (20). A partition plate (17) is fixedly provided inside the diversion channel (5). The diversion channel (5) is divided into an initial cavity and a later cavity by the partition plate (17). The selection plate (18) is fixedly installed on the top of the diversion channel (5) and has an initial water inlet (27) and a later water inlet (28) on it. A selection hole (26) is provided on the diversion plate (20). The initial chamber is provided with a liquid level triggering part, which includes a buoyancy component that can rise and fall with the liquid level. The buoyancy component is connected to the diversion plate (20) in a transmission manner. The initial chamber and the later chamber are respectively connected to an initial water supply pipe (8) and a later water supply pipe (9) for sampling. When the initial rainwater accumulation in the cavity causes the buoyancy component to rise to the set position, the diverter plate (20) is driven to move, so that the selection hole (26) is switched to align with the later water inlet (28), and the rainwater enters the later cavity, thereby realizing time-segmented sampling based on the initial rainwater accumulation.

2. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection section includes a collection funnel (3) fixed on the top plate (1), a filter cylinder (16) is provided inside the collection funnel (3), a number of guide plates (4) are fixedly connected between the filter cylinder (16) and the inner wall of the collection funnel (3), a number of support rods (10) are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the base (2), and ramps (29) are fixedly provided on both sides of the upper surface of the selector plate (18).

3. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buoyancy component is a float (24), and a connecting rod (32) is hinged to the upper surface of the float (24). The upper end of the connecting rod (32) is hinged to the diverter plate (20).

4. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of first guide rods (21) are fixedly provided in the initial cavity. A guide block (25) is slidably provided on the circumferential side of the first guide rod (21). The guide block (25) is fixedly connected to the float (24). A limiting plate is fixedly provided at the upper end of the first guide rod (21).

5. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diversion channel (5) is also provided with an anti-backflow cut-off mechanism. The anti-backflow cut-off mechanism includes a baffle plate (23) and a linkage component located in the initial cavity. One end of the linkage component is connected to the float (24), and the other end is connected to the baffle plate (23). When the float (24) rises to the set position and drives the diversion plate (20) to move, the baffle plate (23) is driven to descend to block the water outlet channel of the initial cavity.

6. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that, The linkage assembly includes a mounting bracket (12) fixedly mounted on the base (2), a lever (13) rotatably mounted in the mounting bracket (12), and a first slide rod (14) and a second slide rod (15) respectively hinged to both ends of the lever (13). The upper end of the first slide rod (14) is fixedly connected to the float (24), and the upper end of the second slide rod (15) is fixedly connected to the baffle plate (23).

7. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that, The initial cavity is fixedly provided with a second guide rod (22), the upper end of the second guide rod (22) passes through the baffle plate (23), and the baffle plate (23) and the second guide rod (22) slide together.

8. The sampling and detection equipment for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, A differential pressure indicator (11) is fixedly installed on the initial water supply pipe (8), and a sealing ring is provided at the connection position between the differential pressure indicator (11) and the initial water supply pipe (8).

9. A sampling and detection device for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the selector plate (18) is fixedly provided with a limiting guide rail (19), and the peripheral side of the limiting guide rail (19) is slidably provided with a limiting block (31). The limiting block (31) is fixedly connected to the diversion plate (20). A number of tension springs (30) are fixedly provided on one side of the inner wall of the diversion groove (5), and one end of the tension spring (30) is fixedly connected to the diversion plate (20).

10. A sampling and detection device for atmospheric pollution precipitation in environmental engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sampling bottle (6) and the second sampling bottle (7) are detachably connected to the ends of the initial water supply pipe (8) and the later water supply pipe (9), respectively.

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