Automatic indexing tool for radiographic inspection of bowl-shaped shell and radiographic inspection system

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic indexing tool for radiographic inspection of a bowl-shaped shell and a radiographic inspection system, and belongs to the technical field of radiographic inspection. The invention provides an automatic indexing tool. The automatic indexing tool comprises a base frame and a clamping and rotating assembly arranged on the base frame. The assembly is composed of a driving wheel driven by a servo motor, a plurality of driven supporting wheels supporting the shell in different directions and a pressing mechanism applying pressure to the contact face, and stable clamping and driving of the bowl-shaped shell are achieved. The tool control terminal communicates with the driving motor, and the shell can be accurately controlled to automatically rotate according to preset indexing. The invention also provides a radiographic inspection system comprising the tool. Through one-time clamping and automatic indexing rotation, traditional manual partition and repeated adjustment are replaced, the detection efficiency and consistency are greatly improved, quality fluctuation and missing detection risks caused by manual operation and lead wire identification are eliminated, and equipment loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radiographic testing technology, and in particular to an automatic indexing fixture and radiographic testing system for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts. Background Technology

[0002] Radiographic testing, as an important non-destructive testing method, plays a crucial role in the quality control of thin-walled bowl-shaped shell components (hereinafter referred to as "shell components"). These shell components typically constitute the external structure of a product, providing protection and support, and their internal integrity is paramount. Currently, for radiographic testing of such shell components with curved surfaces, real-time imaging technology based on cone-beam X-rays and flat panel detectors is commonly used. Its basic principle is to detect internal defects by acquiring two-dimensional projection images of different areas of the shell component.

[0003] In existing technologies, to achieve full coverage inspection of the entire curved surface of a shell component, a manual partitioning and adjustment method is typically used. Specifically, the operator first needs to divide the surface of the shell component to be inspected into multiple independent inspection areas (usually including a central area and four circumferentially arranged edge areas). The boundaries of each area are marked manually with soft lead wire. During inspection, the shell component is placed upright on a stage using simple support blocks, with its axis of rotation at a certain angle to the horizontal plane. Each inspection targets only one partition: the positions of the X-ray source and detector are adjusted so that the X-ray beam covers the current partition. After one exposure imaging is completed, the X-ray machine must be completely shut down, the radiation protection lead door opened, and the operator enters the inspection chamber to manually change the placement and rotation angle of the shell component to move the next partition to be inspected to the center of the X-ray beam's illumination area. Subsequently, the lead door is closed, the equipment is restarted, and the next exposure is performed. This process is repeated until all preset partitions have been inspected.

[0004] However, this detection method has revealed the following major technical shortcomings in practical applications: 1. Low inspection efficiency and extremely high time consumption in auxiliary operations: Due to the need for multiple (usually five) zone switching, each switch involves starting and stopping the equipment, opening and closing the lead doors, and manually adjusting and fixing the placement and rotation angle of the housing, resulting in a very long complete inspection cycle for a single housing. Statistics show that the effective exposure time accounts for a small percentage, while the time spent on auxiliary operations such as adjustment and clamping can be as high as about 90%, severely restricting inspection efficiency. 2. Frequent start-ups and shutdowns of equipment increase operational wear and tear: Core equipment such as X-ray generators need to be repeatedly started and stopped during the detection process. This non-steady-state working mode can easily cause cumulative damage to the equipment, which is not conducive to its long-term stable operation and lifespan maintenance. 3. Poor workpiece positioning stability severely affects imaging quality and consistency: Existing methods lack dedicated, highly reliable clamping fixtures. The smooth surface of the shell, relying solely on simple support and friction fixation, is highly susceptible to slippage or positional shifts under its own weight, airflow disturbances caused by opening and closing lead doors, or minor collisions. More importantly, relying entirely on manual adjustment of the shell's orientation and rotation angle makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of each adjustment. Deviations in the shell's orientation and rotation angle cause the X-ray beam incident angle to deviate from the ideal value, thus altering the effective penetration thickness of the X-rays at different parts of the shell. This ultimately leads to uneven grayscale and contrast fluctuations in the acquired images, directly affecting the accuracy of defect assessment and the consistency of inspection results across different batches and regions. 4. The zoning identification method itself has flaws and may introduce the risk of missed detections: the positional accuracy and uniformity of the lead wires, which rely on manual application by the operator, are difficult to guarantee. The lead wires are soft and are prone to deformation and displacement during repeated handling and adjustment of the shell, and may even accidentally block the true defect signals, leading to missed detections and reducing the reliability of the test results.

[0005] Therefore, existing radiographic testing techniques for bowl-shaped shell parts suffer from problems such as low efficiency, cumbersome operation, significant influence of human factors on image quality, poor consistency, and potential risks of missed detections. There is an urgent need for a specialized tooling capable of automatic, precise indexing and rotation in a single setup, along with a matching high-efficiency testing system, to improve the automation level, reliability, efficiency, and consistency of the testing process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts, so as to solve the problem of low efficiency caused by the reliance on multiple manual clamping and adjustment in the prior art, and realize automatic and accurate indexing and rotation of the workpiece after one clamping.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to provide a radiographic testing system employing the aforementioned automatic indexing fixture, which, through the coordinated control of the fixture and the testing equipment, achieves automation and continuity of the testing process, improves overall testing efficiency and consistency, and reduces operational intensity.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention to solve the previous technical problem is: an automatic indexing fixture and radiographic testing system for radiographic testing of a bowl-shaped shell, comprising a base frame, wherein the base frame is provided with a clamping and rotating assembly for supporting and driving the bowl-shaped shell to rotate around its central axis, the clamping and rotating assembly including a drive wheel driven by a drive motor and the upper wheel surface contacting the lower outer surface of the bowl-shaped shell, and a plurality of driven support wheels mounted on the base frame around the drive wheel for contacting and supporting the bowl-shaped shell from different directions; the base frame is also provided with a clamping mechanism for applying downward pressure to the contact area between the drive wheel and the bowl-shaped shell; It also includes a tooling control terminal that is communicatively connected to the drive motor for controlling the operation of the drive motor so that the bowl-shaped shell rotates according to a preset index.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the plurality of driven support wheels include at least one front stop wheel located in front of the driving wheel and with its wheel axle vertically arranged. The wheel surface of the front stop wheel is in contact with the lower edge of the bowl-shaped shell. Front auxiliary support wheels are provided on both sides above the front stop wheel, with their wheel surfaces inclined and in contact with the outer surfaces of both sides of the bowl-shaped shell.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the plurality of driven support wheels also include at least two rear auxiliary support wheels mounted by auxiliary rods hinged to the base frame. The rear auxiliary support wheels are located behind the driving wheels and are in contact with the outer surface of the bottom of the bowl-shaped shell.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pressing mechanism includes a pressing rod with one end hinged to the base frame, the other end of the pressing rod extending to the inside of the bowl-shaped shell and a pressing wheel for pressing against the inner surface of the bowl-shaped shell is provided below the end of the pressing rod, and an elastic element for providing elastic pressing force is also connected between the pressing rod and the base frame.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the tooling control terminal includes a motor drive unit electrically connected to the drive motor, and the tooling control terminal also includes a human-machine interface communicatively connected to the motor drive unit for inputting control parameters.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the human-machine interface is configured to receive the diameter parameter of the bowl-shaped shell and calculate the transmission ratio according to the preset diameter of the drive wheel in order to control the rotational indexing of the bowl-shaped shell.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the drive motor is a servo motor, and the drive motor is fixed to the base frame by a flange plate, and the drive wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the second technical problem is: a radiographic flaw detection system using the above-mentioned automatic indexing fixture, comprising a radiation generating device for generating a radiation beam for detection, a detection receiving device for receiving radiation and generating an image signal, and a stage for fixing and installing the automatic indexing fixture. It also includes an imaging control terminal that is communicatively connected to the radiation generating device and the detection receiving device and independently controls the start and stop of the radiation inspection operation and the imaging process; the automatic indexing fixture carries the bowl-shaped shell and allows different areas of the bowl-shaped shell to enter the radiation beam's illumination range in sequence.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the radiation generating device, the detection and receiving device, the stage, and the automatic indexing fixture are all housed in a radiation-shielded lead chamber.

[0017] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the automatic indexing fixture and radiographic testing system for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts of the present invention are as follows: 1. Significantly Improved Inspection Efficiency: This invention, through an automatic indexing fixture controlled by a fixture control terminal, completely replaces the cumbersome operations of repeatedly opening and closing lead doors, manually adjusting the shell's posture, and switching zones in traditional methods. It drastically reduces auxiliary time from approximately 90% of the total time, shortening the complete inspection time for a single shell to about one-third of that of traditional methods, significantly increasing inspection throughput. 2. Effectively reduces equipment wear and tear: Since the entire inspection process only requires opening and closing the lead door and starting and stopping the X-ray equipment when initially placing the workpiece and finally removing it, it avoids the process of repeatedly starting and stopping the equipment for each section inspected in traditional methods. This greatly reduces the mechanical and electrical stress caused by frequent start-ups and shutdowns, which helps extend the service life of core equipment such as X-ray machines and maintain their stability. 3. Significantly improved positioning stability and imaging quality: The dedicated clamping and rotating assembly, through the coordinated action of the driving wheel, multiple driven support wheels, and the clamping mechanism, provides a stable and precise constraint on the bowl-shaped shell. This effectively prevents the shell from sliding or shifting during inspection due to gravity, vibration, or airflow. Simultaneously, the servo motor and tooling control terminal ensure high repeatability (up to ±1°) for each rotation angle. Stable placement and precise angle control ensure consistent incident angles of the X-ray beam on all parts of the shell, thus maintaining a constant effective penetration thickness of the workpiece. This results in high-quality projection images with uniform grayscale and consistent contrast, laying a solid foundation for accurate defect identification and assessment. 4. Completely eliminates the defects and risks of traditional zoning methods: This invention completely abandons the method of manually pasting lead wire for zoning marking, replacing it with an electronic "virtual zoning" based on angle control. This not only solves the problem of uneven lead wire pasting position leading to inconsistent zoning sizes, but more importantly, it completely avoids the risk of missed detection caused by the softness, easy deformation and displacement of lead wire potentially obscuring real defects, greatly improving the reliability and accuracy of the test results; 5. Operators no longer need to frequently enter the lead chamber for high-risk and highly skilled manual adjustments. They can complete fully automated testing simply by setting parameters on the control interface, which reduces labor intensity, improves the working environment, and reduces reliance on operator experience.

[0018] The invention will become clearer from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are used to explain embodiments of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the X-ray flaw detection system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic indexing fixture of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the clamping and rotating assembly and the bowl-shaped housing of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping and rotating assembly of the present invention.

[0021] The components are as follows: 1-base frame; 2-drive motor; 21-drive wheel; 22-front stop wheel; 23-front auxiliary support wheel; 24-rear auxiliary support wheel; 25-auxiliary rod; 26-flange plate; 3-pressure rod; 31-pressure wheel; 32-elastic element; 4-human-machine interface; 41-motor drive unit; 5-bowl-shaped shell; 6-ray generator; 7-detection and receiving device; 8-imaging control terminal; 9-stage. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; of course, they can also refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; furthermore, they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows: Figure 1-4 As shown, an automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts mainly includes a base frame 1, a clamping and rotating assembly, a clamping mechanism, and a fixture control terminal. In this embodiment, the base frame 1 is preferably constructed of aluminum profiles, which provides a stable structure and ensures that the components installed on it—namely, the clamping and rotating assembly and the clamping mechanism—maintain precise relative positions, providing a stable foundation for the entire fixture.

[0026] The clamping and rotating assembly is the core of the tooling, its function being to support the bowl-shaped shell 5 and drive it to rotate precisely around its central axis. This assembly mainly includes a driving wheel 21 and multiple driven support wheels. Specifically: The drive wheel 21 is directly driven to rotate by a drive motor 2. The drive motor 2 is preferably a servo motor, which is fixedly mounted on the base frame 1 via a flange plate 26 and located below the bowl-shaped housing 5 near the bottom. This arrangement is to avoid obstructing the path of the X-ray beam by the drive motor 2 and its connecting structure. The drive wheel 21 is directly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 2, and its upper wheel surface is in direct contact with the outer surface of the lower part of the bowl-shaped housing 5. When the drive motor 2 starts, the drive wheel 21 drives the bowl-shaped housing 5 to rotate through friction.

[0027] Around the driving wheel 21, multiple driven support wheels mounted on the base frame 1 are arranged, forming a stable multi-point support system. These wheels contact and support the bowl-shaped shell 5 from different directions, thereby constraining the bowl-shaped shell 5 and preventing it from wobbling, tilting, or shifting back and forth during rotation. In this embodiment, these driven support wheels include: Front deflector 22: at least one, located in front of the drive wheel 21 – with the direction in which the rim of the cup-shaped housing 5 faces forward. The axle of the front deflector 22 is vertically arranged, and its wheel surface contacts the lower edge of the rim of the cup-shaped housing 5. Its main function is to prevent the housing from sliding forward or falling off when rotating.

[0028] Front auxiliary support wheels 23: at least two, located above the front stop wheel 22 on both sides. Their wheel surfaces are inclined and contact the outer surfaces of the two sides of the bowl-shaped shell 5. These two support wheels cooperate with the front stop wheel 22 to restrict the left and right movement and forward tilting tendency of the bowl-shaped shell 5 in the horizontal plane. At the same time, due to their inclination and designed position, they will not intrude too high into the X-ray irradiation area.

[0029] Rear auxiliary support wheels 24: at least two, located behind the drive wheel 21, i.e., towards the bottom of the bowl. They are mounted via auxiliary rods 25 hinged to the base frame 1. The hinged design of the auxiliary rods 25 allows the rear auxiliary support wheels 24 to adapt to bowl bottoms of different curvatures or sizes. The wheel surfaces of these two support wheels contact the outer surface of the bottom of the bowl-shaped shell 5, and their main function is to provide rearward support to prevent the shell from tipping over backward when rotating or subjected to minor disturbances.

[0030] Regarding the clamping mechanism, it applies a stable downward pressure to the contact area between the drive wheel 21 and the cup-shaped shell 5. Its function is to increase the friction between them, prevent slippage between the drive wheel 21 and the shell surface, and ensure the reliability of the rotary drive. In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes a pressure rod 3 and an elastic element 32. One end of the pressure rod 3 is hinged to the base frame 1 and can rotate within a certain angle around the hinge point. The other end of the pressure rod 3 extends to the inner side of the bowl-shaped shell 5, and a clamping wheel 31 is installed below this end. The clamping wheel 31 presses directly against the inner surface of the cup-shaped shell 5. The elastic element 32 can be a tension spring, connected between the pressure rod 3 at the middle or near the hinge point and the base frame 1. Under the elastic force of the elastic element 32, the free end of the pressure rod 3 generates a downward torque, thereby firmly pressing the cup-shaped shell 5 against the drive wheel 21 through the clamping wheel 31.

[0031] The tooling control terminal is communicatively connected to the drive motor 2 to precisely control its operation, thereby enabling the bowl-shaped shell 5 to automatically rotate according to a preset indexing angle. In this embodiment, the tooling control terminal typically includes a motor drive unit 41 electrically connected to the drive motor 2—such as a servo driver—and a human-machine interface 4 (HMI) communicatively connected to the motor drive unit 41. Operators can set various control parameters through the HMI, such as rotation speed, target rotation angle (e.g., 30°, 60°, 90°, 180°, etc.), and pause time at each angle (e.g., 0-100 seconds for exposure). Crucially, the HMI 4 is also configured to receive the diameter parameter of the bowl-shaped shell 5. The diameter of the drive wheel 21 is pre-stored within the system or input by the operator, and can be calculated according to the formula: θR = θr × r / R; Where θR is the target angular displacement of the workpiece, θr is the required angular displacement of the driving wheel, R is the radius of the workpiece, and r is the radius of the driving wheel.

[0032] The transmission ratio is automatically calculated, thereby controlling the rotation index of the bowl-shaped shell 5 by precisely controlling the rotation angle of the drive motor 2, so as to achieve universal and precise control of shells of different specifications and sizes.

[0033] Using this automated indexing fixture for 5-ray flaw detection of bowl-shaped shell parts has at least the following advantages: Improved efficiency: The aforementioned clamping and rotating assembly and pressing mechanism enable one-time clamping of the bowl-shaped shell 5. Combined with the preset program of the tooling control terminal, the workpiece can be automatically rotated at multiple angles by manual intervention during the inspection process, without the need for repeated manual entry into the lead chamber to adjust it. This significantly reduces the proportion of auxiliary time from approximately 90%.

[0034] Stable imaging quality: First, the coordinated clamping method of the front stop wheel 22, the front auxiliary support wheel 23, and the rear auxiliary support wheel 24 provides comprehensive mechanical constraints, effectively preventing the workpiece from sliding due to gravity or airflow. Second, the servo motor and closed-loop control ensure that the angular repeatability of each indexing rotation is ±1°, making the angle relationship of the X-ray beam incident on various parts of the curved surface of the bowl-shaped shell 5 highly consistent. This ensures that the effective thickness of the X-ray penetrating the workpiece remains constant, thereby obtaining an image with uniform grayscale and consistent contrast, thus improving imaging quality and consistency.

[0035] Eliminating the risk of missed defects: The manual application of physical wire partitions is completely eliminated. Electronic angle divisions preset by the tooling control terminal replace physical partition boundaries, fundamentally eliminating the risk of defects being obscured due to uneven wire application, deformation, or displacement.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment also provides a radiographic flaw detection system employing the aforementioned automatic indexing fixture. This system is a complete automated inspection solution.

[0037] The system comprises core components housed within a radiation-shielded lead chamber: a radiation generator 6, such as an X-ray machine, for generating a cone-shaped X-ray beam; a detection and receiving device 7, such as a flat panel detector, for receiving the X-rays after they penetrate the workpiece and converting them into digital image signals; and a stage 9 for fixing and mounting the automatic indexing fixture. The radiation generator 6 and the detection and receiving device 7 are typically arranged opposite each other on either side of the stage 9. The automatic indexing fixture, which carries the bowl-shaped housing 5, is a single module that can be securely mounted on the stage 9 using bolts or quick-clamping devices.

[0038] Two control terminals are installed outside the lead chamber: Imaging control terminal 8: Typically an industrial computer, it communicates with the X-ray generator 6 and the detector receiver 7. Its functions include independently controlling the start and stop of X-ray inspection operations, setting X-ray parameters, controlling the detector to acquire images, and displaying, processing, storing, and evaluating the acquired images.

[0039] Tooling control terminal: As mentioned above, it is used to control the operation of automatic indexing tooling.

[0040] The system's operation process during operation is as follows: 1) Clamp the bowl-shaped shell 5 onto the automatic indexing fixture in one go, and then place the entire fixture on the stage 9 in the radiation shielding lead chamber and fix it.

[0041] 2) The operator closes the lead door and sets the workpiece's indexing parameters, such as angle and dwell time, on the tooling control terminal outside the radiation shielding lead door.

[0042] 3) Start the X-ray generator 6 and the detector receiver 7 through the imaging control terminal 8 to prepare for exposure.

[0043] 4) Start the automatic detection process: The tooling control terminal controls the drive motor 2 to rotate the bowl-shaped shell 5 to the first detection angle and stop; the imaging control terminal 8 controls the X-ray generator 6 and the detection receiver 7 to perform the first exposure imaging; after completion, the tooling control terminal controls the bowl-shaped shell 5 to rotate to the next division angle, stops again and performs exposure; this cycle continues until image acquisition of all preset angles is completed.

[0044] 5) After the entire inspection is completed, turn off the X-ray equipment at once, open the lead door and take out the workpiece.

[0045] Compared to current radiographic testing systems, the radiographic testing system in this embodiment has at least the following advantages: Reduced equipment wear and tear: The entire system's workflow shows that the X-ray generator 6 only needs to be started and stopped once, from the time the workpiece is placed in to its removal after inspection. Compared to the traditional method where the equipment needs to be started and stopped every time a section is inspected, this significantly reduces the thermal cycling and electrical stress caused by frequent start-stop operations, effectively extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0046] Enhancing overall automation and safety: This system separates yet coordinates tooling control and imaging control, achieving full automation and continuity of the testing process. Operators spend the vast majority of their time working outside the lead-lined enclosure, eliminating the need for frequent entry into the high-radiation-risk enclosure for highly skilled manual adjustments. This significantly reduces labor intensity, improves the working environment, and lessens reliance on individual operator experience.

[0047] Through the detailed description of the two embodiments above, the automatic indexing tooling and radiographic testing system provided by the present invention effectively overcomes many shortcomings of the prior art by combining innovative mechanical structure design with precise electrical control, and achieves efficient, stable, reliable and automated radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts.

[0048] The present invention has been described above in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, but should cover various modifications and equivalent combinations made in accordance with the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts, characterized in that, The system includes a base frame (1), on which a clamping and rotating assembly is provided for supporting and driving a bowl-shaped shell (5) to rotate around its central axis. The clamping and rotating assembly includes a drive wheel (21) driven by a drive motor (2) and whose upper wheel surface contacts the lower outer surface of the bowl-shaped shell (5). The drive wheel (21) is surrounded by a plurality of driven support wheels mounted on the base frame (1) for contacting and supporting the bowl-shaped shell (5) from different directions. The base frame (1) is also provided with a clamping mechanism for applying downward pressure to the contact area between the drive wheel (21) and the bowl-shaped shell (5). It also includes a tooling control terminal that is communicatively connected to the drive motor (2) for controlling the operation of the drive motor (2) so that the bowl-shaped shell (5) rotates according to a preset index.

2. The automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of driven support wheels include at least one front stop wheel (22) located in front of the driving wheel (21) and with its axle vertically arranged. The wheel surface of the front stop wheel (22) is in contact with the lower edge of the bowl-shaped shell (5). Both sides of the front stop wheel (22) are provided with front auxiliary support wheels (23) with their wheel surfaces inclined and in contact with the outer surfaces of the bowl-shaped shell (5).

3. The automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plurality of driven support wheels also include at least two rear auxiliary support wheels (24) mounted by auxiliary rods (25) hinged to the base frame (1), the rear auxiliary support wheels (24) being located behind the drive wheel (21) and both in contact with the outer surface of the bottom of the bowl-shaped shell (5).

4. The automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a pressure rod (3) with one end hinged to the base frame (1), the other end of the pressure rod (3) extending to the inside of the bowl-shaped shell (5) and a clamping wheel (31) for pressing against the inner surface of the bowl-shaped shell (5) is provided below the end. An elastic element (32) for providing elastic clamping force is also connected between the pressure rod (3) and the base frame (1).

5. The automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling control terminal includes a motor drive unit (41) electrically connected to the drive motor (2), and the tooling control terminal also includes a human-machine interface (4) communicatively connected to the motor drive unit (41) for inputting control parameters.

6. The automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The human-machine interface (4) is configured to receive the diameter parameters of the bowl-shaped shell (5) and calculate the transmission ratio according to the preset diameter of the drive wheel (21) in order to control the rotation index of the bowl-shaped shell (5).

7. The automatic indexing fixture for radiographic testing of bowl-shaped shell parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor (2) is a servo motor, and the drive motor (2) is fixed to the base frame (1) by a flange plate (26). The drive wheel (21) is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor (2).

8. A radiographic flaw detection system employing the automatic indexing fixture described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes a radiation generating device (6) for generating radiation beams for detection, a detection receiving device (7) for receiving radiation and generating image signals, and a stage (9) for fixing and installing automatic indexing fixtures. It also includes an imaging control terminal (8) that is communicatively connected to the X-ray generating device (6) and the detection receiving device (7) and independently controls the start and stop of X-ray flaw detection and the imaging process; the automatic indexing fixture carries the bowl-shaped shell (5) and causes different areas of the bowl-shaped shell (5) to enter the X-ray beam's illumination range in sequence.

9. The radiographic testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radiation generating device (6), the detection and receiving device (7), the stage (9), and the automatic indexing fixture are all located in a radiation shielding lead chamber.

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