Prefecture-level electric power carbon emission accounting method and system based on boundary exchange account

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefecture-level electric power carbon emission accounting method and system based on a boundary exchange account, and relates to the technical field of electric power system carbon accounting, and the method comprises the steps: S1, determining an accounting boundary; s2, data collection; s3, calculating power generation direct carbon emission Emk, and generating power; s4, constructing a boundary exchange account and checking the electric quantity; s5, calculating an average power carbon emission factor (EF) boundary exchange account of the boundary exchange account; s6, calculating a prefecture-level power carbon emission factor EFk; and S7, calculating the prefecture-level electric power carbon emission Emk. The method is based on the electric quantity balance theory and the position-based accounting method, it is clear that prefecture-level electric power carbon emission accounting comprises two parts of production direct emission and inter-city transfer carbon emission, and the concept of boundary exchange accounts is innovatively put forward and used for representing indirect carbon emission exchange generated by electric quantity exchange between cities. And a whole process system of boundary determination, accounting step, factor calculation, carbon emission accounting, data quality control and tool method is constructed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon accounting of power systems, in particular to a municipal-level power carbon emission accounting method and system based on boundary exchange accounts. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of global response to climate change, a unified and standardized carbon emission accounting system is the basis for carrying out various work to respond to climate change, and plays an important leading and supporting role. A carbon emission inventory is an important basis for government departments to allocate emission reduction targets and develop emission reduction policies. As an intermediate link in energy supply, power is a basic industry supporting the development of the national economy and society, and the accuracy of its accounting is directly related to the scientificity and effectiveness of emission reduction policies. Research on power carbon emission accounting methods is of great significance to the low-carbon development of the power system and even the entire energy system. Existing research mainly accounts for regional power carbon emissions from two aspects: production-side power carbon emissions (direct power carbon emissions) and supply-side power carbon emissions (indirect power carbon emissions). Production-side power carbon emissions refer to the CO2 emissions directly generated by the region in the power generation process. Supply-side power carbon emissions refer to the carbon emissions hidden in the region's power supply after interregional power trading. Due to the spatial mismatch between power supply and demand, there is large-scale direct power flow between regions through the power transmission network, and the carbon emissions and other pollutants hidden in the power also flow through the power transmission network. There can be a large difference between production-side direct power carbon emissions and supply-side indirect power carbon emissions in a region.

[0003] The existing accounting methods have obvious limitations: first, most methods focus on production-side direct carbon emission accounting, ignoring the transfer of hidden carbon emissions due to interregional power flow on the supply side, resulting in a significant deviation between production-side and supply-side accounting results, making it difficult to define the true emission responsibility; second, insufficient consideration is given to the intermittency and volatility of new energy power generation, and clean energy life cycle indirect carbon emissions are not fully included, resulting in incomplete accounting dimensions; third, in the process of tracing interregional power exchange, it is necessary to combine the power grid structure, which not only makes it difficult to trace, but also poses a security risk of power grid structure data leakage. These problems result in insufficient accuracy of municipal regional power carbon emission accounting results and fuzzy responsibility division, making it difficult for local governments to develop targeted emission reduction policies and optimize the power energy structure. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a precise accounting method that takes into account power production and supply, considers interregional power transfer, and adapts to the development trend of power, to break through the current difficulties and promote the low-carbon transformation of municipal power systems. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to propose a municipal-level power carbon emission accounting method and system based on boundary exchange accounts, which, around the core target of "municipal area-level power carbon accounting", considers the accounting method based on power balance theory and location, and clearly defines that municipal-level power carbon emission accounting includes production direct emission and inter-municipal transfer carbon emission. The present application innovatively proposes the concept of boundary exchange account to represent indirect carbon emission exchange between municipalities due to power exchange, and constructs a whole-process system of "boundary determination-accounting step-factor calculation-carbon emission accounting-data quality control-tool method".

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a municipal-level power carbon emission accounting method based on boundary exchange accounts, comprising the following steps: S1, determining the accounting boundary: determining the spatial boundary, time boundary and system elements of the target municipal power carbon emission accounting, wherein the system elements include data of power supply side, power grid side and power consumption side; S2, data collection: collecting basic power data of the target municipality in the accounting period, wherein the basic power data at least includes fossil energy consumption, power generation, total social power consumption, green power transaction volume and provincial regional net imported power; S3, calculating direct carbon emission of power generation: based on the fossil energy consumption, combining the low calorific value of fuel, the carbon content per unit heat value and the carbon oxidation rate, calculating the direct carbon dioxide emission Em k,发电 of thermal power generation of the target municipality; S4, constructing boundary exchange account and accounting for power: based on the power balance theory, constructing the boundary exchange account, and calculating the boundary exchange account power E k,账户 of the target municipality; wherein when the power generation of the target municipality is greater than or equal to the power consumption, the boundary exchange account power is a positive account power E k,正向账户 , indicating the power contributed to the boundary exchange account; when the power generation of the target municipality is less than the power consumption, the boundary exchange account power is a supplementary account power E k,补充账户 , indicating the power obtained from the boundary exchange account; S5, calculating the average power carbon emission factor of the boundary exchange account: based on the provincial regional net imported power and its corresponding carbon emission, and the boundary exchange account power and its power carbon emission factor of all municipalities with power generation greater than or equal to power consumption, the average power carbon emission factor EF 边界交换账户 of the boundary exchange account is calculated; S6, calculating the municipal-level power carbon emission factor: comprehensively calculating the direct carbon emission Em k,发电 of power generation, power generation E k,发电 , boundary exchange account power Ek,账户 and the boundary exchange account average power carbon emission factor EF 边界交换账户 , the target city's power carbon emission factor EF k is calculated. S7, the city-level power carbon emission is calculated: the target city's power carbon emission factor EF k is multiplied by its total power consumption E k,用电 , to obtain the target city's total power carbon emission Em k .

[0006] Preferably, in step S4, the boundary exchange account power consumption E k,账户 is calculated according to the formula: In the formula:

[0007] When E k,发电 ≥ E k,用电时 , E k,账户 = E k,正向账户 = E k,发电 - E k,用电 . When E k,发电 < E k,用电时 , E k,账户 = E k,补充账户 = E k,用电 - E k,发电 .

[0008] Preferably, in step S5, the boundary exchange account average power carbon emission factor EF 边界交换账户 is calculated according to the formula: In the formula:

[0009] Wherein, the summation term Σ is calculated only for all cities k that satisfy E k,发电 ≥ E k,用电 .

[0010] Preferably, in step S6, the city-level power carbon emission factor EF k is calculated according to the formula: In the formula:

[0011] When the target city is a positive account, E k,账户 takes a negative value; when the target city is a supplementary account, E k,账户 takes a positive value.

[0012] Preferably, in step S6, if the influence of green electricity transaction is considered, the following formula is used to calculate the corrected municipal-level power carbon emission factor EF k : In the formula:

[0013] Preferably, between step S2 and step S7, a data quality control step is further included, which comprises: establishing carbon emission accounting regulations and data record management system; cross-checking, input error checking, unit and conversion factor checking, data consistency checking and trend checking on the collected basic power data.

[0014] An accounting system used in a municipal-level power carbon emission accounting method based on boundary exchange account, comprising: a data collection module for collecting basic power data of a target city in an accounting period; a data processing and calculation module for executing the steps of direct carbon emission calculation of power generation, boundary exchange account construction and power accounting, average power carbon emission factor calculation of boundary exchange account, municipal-level power carbon emission factor calculation and municipal-level power carbon emission calculation; a data quality management module for executing the data quality control step to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data; a result output and display module for generating and displaying municipal-level power carbon emission factor, carbon emission amount report and visual chart.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: Principle and responsibility are equal, which is consistent with the dispatching system: the carbon emissions of thermal power are divided into two types of accounting, i.e., unified dispatching and local, the provincial-level unified planning and dispatching units are carbon-emitted, the municipal-level focuses on local units and load side management, and the examination and management misplacement problem is accurately solved.

[0016] Innovate boundary exchange account to solve the core problem: combined with the provincial-level unified dispatching mechanism, the municipal-level boundary exchange account is innovated, the power exchange and indirect carbon emission transfer between cities are clearly represented, and the problems of carbon emission traceability and grid information security are simultaneously solved.

[0017] Provincial and municipal linkage to strengthen target connection: introduce the provincial carbon emission factor, distinguish between unified dispatching and local power generation, and include the provincial power import and municipal power transfer into the accounting boundary, which fully reflects the coupling characteristics and integrated dispatching requirements of provincial and municipal power grids.

[0018] Market-friendly, quantification of green electricity effect: Through the correction of carbon emission factor by green electricity transaction data, the carbon reduction effect of green electricity transaction can be quantified and evaluated, effectively promoting the coordinated development of green electricity market and carbon market.

[0019] Data is feasible, and the implementation cost is controlled: Based on the existing statistical data of the power grid side (total social electricity consumption, local power generation, net import of external electricity, etc.), combined with the allocation mechanism, it can be implemented without additional investment in modification or new measurement equipment.

[0020] Flexible expansion, supporting accurate management: Based on the annual accounting framework, monthly electricity consumption data can be extended to monthly and enterprise accounting, providing data support for high-frequency assessment and policy dynamic iteration.

[0021] Incentive compatibility, promote green electricity consumption: Establish a mechanism of "local zero-carbon electricity offset local electricity consumption", form a "local consumption-local carbon reduction" positive closed loop, and stimulate the enthusiasm of local green electricity consumption.

[0022] Method compatible, easy to promote across regions: Inherit and expand the IPCC emission factor method, which can adapt to different regional power supply structure and management system, and has strong replication and promotion ability across cities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 The accounting is convenient for the present application; Figure 2 The accounting flowchart of the present application; Figure 3 The system application architecture diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for calculating carbon emissions from electricity at the prefecture-level city level based on a boundary exchange account, comprising the following steps: (a) Accounting Boundaries (1) Time boundary: Conduct monthly and annual electricity carbon emission accounting.

[0029] (2) Spatial Boundary: Covers municipal-level power flows, including power generation by power plants, power consumption, net inter-provincial power transfers, and green electricity trading. (Note: This calculation does not involve investment in power grid facilities or SF6 total carbon emissions.) (3) System elements: Power generation side: electricity generation and direct carbon emissions from power generation.

[0030] On the grid side: inter-regional input and output electricity, and green electricity trading volume.

[0031] Electricity consumption side: Total electricity consumption of the whole society and non-fossil energy electricity consumption.

[0032] (ii) Data collection (1) Data collection The collection and classification of basic electricity data at the prefecture-level city level specifically includes: 1) Fossil energy consumption, defined as: fossil energy consumption by municipal power plants.

[0033] 2) Power generation, definition: power generation of municipal power plants.

[0034] 3) Total electricity consumption of the whole society, defined as: the total amount of electricity actually consumed by a city within a certain period (including industrial, commercial and residential users).

[0035] 4) Green electricity purchase volume, defined as: the amount of renewable energy purchased from within or outside the province through a transaction contract.

[0036] 5) Green electricity sales volume, defined as: the amount of renewable energy sold under trading contracts to other provinces or within the province.

[0037] 6) Electricity purchased with green certificates: The amount of electricity purchased with green certificates from within or outside the province.

[0038] 7) Green certificate sales volume, defined as: Green certificate sales volume sold within or outside the province.

[0039] 8) Net electricity transferred into a provincial region, defined as: the total net electricity transferred into the provincial region.

[0040] (2) Accounting steps The work content of electricity carbon emission accounting and reporting at the prefecture-level city level includes the determination of accounting boundaries and emission sources, collection of basic data, calculation of electricity carbon emission factors at the prefecture-level city level, calculation of electricity emissions at the prefecture-level city level, data quality control and management, and relevant requirements for periodic reporting.

[0041] S1. Determine accounting boundaries and emission sources: Determine the municipal-level electricity carbon emission accounting boundaries and identify the emission sources included within the boundaries. The emission report should include the geographical boundaries corresponding to the accounting boundaries and the electricity input and output processes.

[0042] S2. Collect basic data: Obtain data and information such as the city's fossil fuel consumption for power generation, the power generation of various types of power sources, the total electricity consumption of the whole society, and the net power import volume of the province.

[0043] S3. Calculate emissions from fossil fuel combustion in power generation: Collect data on fossil fuel activities in power generation, determine emission factors, and calculate emissions from fossil fuel combustion in power generation.

[0044] S4. Calculate the amount of electricity obtained: Calculate the amount of electricity obtained by a city from the boundary exchange account when the power generation is less than the power consumption.

[0045] S5. Calculate the boundary exchange account electricity carbon emission factor: Collect provincial net transfer data, power generation, and power consumption data to calculate the boundary exchange account electricity carbon emission factor for municipal electricity exchange.

[0046] S6. Calculate the city-level electricity carbon emission factor: Calculate the city-level electricity carbon emission factor and the consumption-side electricity carbon emission factor by using the carbon emissions from electricity generation and the obtained electricity data.

[0047] S7. Calculation of electricity emissions in prefecture-level cities: Summarize and calculate the carbon emissions from electricity in prefecture-level cities.

[0048] (III) Calculation of carbon emission factors for electricity at the prefecture-level city level (1) Border transaction account Taking full account of the spatial mismatch between regional power supply and demand leading to power flow, and based on power balance, for a given city, the sum of power generation and inter-regional power input equals the sum of the city's power consumption and inter-regional power output. Therefore, the power carbon emission balance formula is constructed as follows: the sum of carbon emissions from power generation and inter-regional input equals the sum of carbon emissions from the city's electricity consumption and inter-regional output. Thus, the city's power carbon emissions include two parts: carbon emissions from power generation and carbon emissions transferred within the city. These two parts are calculated separately to obtain the city-level power carbon emissions. Carbon emissions transferred within the city become the focus of the calculation.

[0049] Based on electricity balance, the concept of boundary exchange account is proposed to represent the indirect carbon emission exchange between cities due to electricity exchange. The electricity in the boundary exchange account includes net provincial-level electricity transfer and electricity transferred between cities. Based on electricity balance theory, the electricity transferred between cities depends on the electricity supply and demand situation within the city. Electricity production and supply must meet local electricity demand. Therefore, the electricity transferred between cities can be calculated by subtracting the electricity consumption of the city from the electricity generation of the city.

[0050] (1) In the formula,

[0051] When a city's power generation exceeds its power consumption, it contributes electricity to the boundary exchange account, resulting in corresponding carbon emissions. Otherwise, electricity is transferred from the boundary exchange account, and the city assumes the corresponding carbon emission responsibility. Therefore, the calculation of a city's boundary exchange account is defined in two scenarios: a positive account and a supplementary account (negative account). The calculation is as follows: (2) In the formula,

[0052] Calculating the average carbon emission factor of electricity in the boundary exchange account is the core of solving the electricity carbon emission factor of a city. The average carbon emission factor of electricity in the boundary exchange account is calculated using formula (3). When calculating the boundary exchange account for a certain city, it is determined whether it is a supplementary account. If the electricity generation is less than the electricity consumption, it means that the city does not contribute electricity and carbon emissions. In this case, the electricity generation in the boundary exchange account of the city is counted as 0.

[0053] (3) In the formula,

[0054] (2) Calculation of carbon emission factors for electricity at the prefecture-level city level In the assessment of carbon emissions from electricity at the prefecture-level city level, carbon emissions generated from the transfer of electricity to the border exchange account should be deducted, or carbon emissions implied by the transfer of electricity from the border exchange account should be added. The carbon emission factor for electricity at the prefecture-level city level is calculated using the following formula.

[0055] (4) In the formula:

[0056] Among them, carbon emission accounting for fossil fuel combustion in power generation The carbon dioxide emissions from thermal power generation in prefecture-level cities are calculated using the following formula: (5)

[0057] in, (6)

[0058] (3) Calculation of carbon emission factors for electricity at the prefecture-level city level (excluding non-fossil energy electricity traded in the market) The following formula is used for calculation.

[0059] (7) In the formula:

[0060] (iv) Calculation of carbon emissions from electricity at the prefecture-level city level (1) Calculation of carbon emissions from electricity at the prefecture-level city level The following formula is used for calculation.

[0061] (8) (2) Carbon emission accounting for electricity at the prefecture-level city level (excluding non-fossil energy electricity traded in the market) The following formula is used for calculation.

[0063] (9)

[0064] (v) Data quality control Quality control is used to assess and ensure the quality of electricity carbon emissions accounting and is performed by accounting personnel. Quality control aims to: 1) provide regular and consistent verification to ensure the inherent consistency, accuracy, and completeness of the data; 2) identify and resolve errors and omissions; and 3) archive materials and record all quality control activities.

[0065] (1) Data quality management Strengthening carbon accounting data quality management, including but not limited to: 1) Establish regulations and systems for carbon emission accounting and reporting, including responsible institutions and personnel, work processes and content, work cycles and timelines, etc. Designate dedicated personnel to be responsible for the carbon emission accounting and reporting work of the reporting entity; 2) Establish a carbon emission data overview table and propose corresponding requirements for obtaining activity data of emission sources; 3) Establish and improve a carbon emission accounting data recording and management system, including the recording and management of information such as data sources, data acquisition time, and relevant responsible persons.

[0066] (2) Data quality control procedures 1) Check and archive key data, cross-check data on fossil fuel consumption, power generation, electricity consumption, emission factors and other data in cities and prefectures, and ensure that they are recorded and archived correctly.

[0067] 2) Check for data input errors. Cross-check the transcription errors of input data samples (measurements or parameters used in the calculation) for each category.

[0068] 3) Check whether the parameters, units and appropriate conversion factors are recorded correctly; check whether the units are marked correctly; check whether the units used before and after the calculation are correct; check whether the conversion factors are correct; check whether the time and space conversion factors are used correctly.

[0069] 4) Check the internal consistency of the database files, examine the internal files, and confirm that the database correctly describes the appropriate data processing steps; confirm that the database correctly describes the data relationships; and ensure that the data field labels are correct and that there are correct design specifications.

[0070] 5) Check the consistency of data across categories. Identify common parameters (such as activity data and constants) across multiple categories and confirm that these parameters use consistent values ​​in emissions calculations.

[0071] 6) Check the consistency of the time series, including the consistency of the time series of input data for each category; the consistency of the calculation methods throughout the time series; and the methodological and data changes that would lead to recalculation.

[0072] 7) Trend check: For each category, the current estimate should be compared with the previous estimate (if available). If there are significant changes or deviations in the trend, re-examine the estimate and interpret any discrepancies. Significant changes in emissions compared to previous years may indicate possible input or calculation errors; check the time series activity level data or other parameters for any unusual or unexplained trends.

[0073] (vi) Development of accounting tools Accounting tool functions Data aggregation: Integrate municipal-level electricity carbon emission source data, construct carbon emission models, and achieve data visualization.

[0074] Accounting Management: Embeds municipal-level electricity carbon emission factors and electricity carbon emission accounting calculation formulas, automatically calculates results based on input data, and generates monthly and annual dynamic electricity carbon emission factors, supporting monthly and annual electricity carbon emission calculations.

[0075] Technical support: Utilize big data technology to improve data processing, verification, and calculation capabilities, and enhance platform and data security.

[0076] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, an example is provided below: (I) Implementation Process (1) Determination of accounting boundary: The accounting boundary of a certain city is selected as the city's electricity carbon emissions, which mainly includes emissions from fossil fuel combustion during power generation, indirect emissions from electricity consumption, and excludes emissions from green electricity trading. See Appendix. Figure 1 The figure illustrates the accounting boundaries of this invention, which mainly include emissions from fossil fuel combustion during electricity generation in cities and prefectures, indirect emissions from electricity use, and excludes emissions from green electricity trading.

[0077] Table 1: Data Requirements Table

[0078] (2) Identification of emission sources The boundary for electricity carbon emissions accounting is the prefecture-level city, and the reporting scope includes: direct carbon dioxide emissions from power generation and indirect carbon dioxide emissions from boundary exchange accounts. Furthermore, carbon emissions from SF6 equipment and line losses during grid transmission are not considered.

[0079] a) Direct carbon dioxide emissions from power generation: that is, carbon dioxide emissions generated during the power generation process of different types of power sources used in the region.

[0080] b) Indirect carbon dioxide emissions from the boundary exchange account: The boundary exchange account for carbon exchange between cities represents the indirect carbon emission exchange between cities due to electricity exchange.

[0081] (3) Electricity data and its sources It is necessary to collect data on fossil fuel consumption, power generation, electricity consumption, renewable energy power consumption, and net electricity transfers to the provincial level at the prefecture-level city level.

[0082] Fossil fuel consumption data is derived from power plant energy consumption data in the detailed electricity production table compiled by the provincial power grid company; power generation data for each power source type is derived from the comprehensive power generation production table compiled by the provincial company; electricity exchange data between the province and external power grids is derived from the electricity revenue and expenditure balance sheet compiled by the provincial power grid company; and electricity consumption in various cities and prefectures is derived from the classification table of total social electricity consumption compiled by the local power grid companies. See Appendix Table 1 for the data requirements table: Data Requirements Table (3) Perform power factor calculation and emission accounting. The work content of municipal-level electricity carbon emission accounting and reporting includes determining the accounting boundary and emission sources, collecting basic data, calculating municipal-level electricity carbon emission factors, calculating municipal-level electricity emissions, data quality control and management, and relevant requirements for periodic reporting. The accounting steps are detailed in the appendix. Figure 3 Accounting steps.

[0083] (4) Tool development A city-level electricity carbon emission accounting tool was developed for government and power grid users. It includes three functions: factor calculation, electricity carbon emission accounting, and electricity carbon factor database. It supports the calculation of monthly / annual electricity carbon emission factors and monthly / annual electricity carbon emission accounting. As data accumulates, a dynamic electricity carbon emission factor database for different cities is formed for users to query, export, and use.

[0084] Finally, any aspects not fully described in this invention utilize existing mature products and technologies.

[0085] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions from electricity at the prefecture-level city level based on boundary exchange accounts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Determine the accounting boundaries: Determine the spatial boundaries, time boundaries, and system elements for the electricity carbon emission accounting of the target city. The system elements include data from the power supply side, the grid side, and the electricity consumption side. S2. Data Collection: Collect basic electricity data of the target city within the accounting period. The basic electricity data includes at least fossil energy consumption, power generation, total social electricity consumption, green electricity trading volume, and net electricity transferred into the provincial region. S3. Calculate direct carbon emissions from power generation: Based on the aforementioned fossil fuel consumption, combined with the lower heating value of the fuel, carbon content per unit heating value, and carbon oxidation rate, calculate the direct carbon dioxide emissions Em from thermal power generation in the target city. k,发电 ; S4. Constructing a boundary exchange account and calculating electricity consumption: Based on the electricity balance theory, construct a boundary exchange account and calculate the electricity consumption E of the boundary exchange account for the target city. k,账户 Wherein, when the power generation of the target city is greater than or equal to the power consumption, its boundary exchange account power is the positive account power E. k,正向账户 This represents the electricity contributed to the boundary exchange account; when the power generation of the target city is less than its power consumption, its boundary exchange account electricity is the supplementary account electricity E. k,补充账户 This indicates the amount of electricity obtained from the border exchange account; S5. Calculate the average carbon emission factor of the boundary exchange account: Based on the net electricity transfer volume of the provincial region and its corresponding carbon emissions, as well as the electricity volume and its carbon emission factor of the boundary exchange account of all cities with power generation greater than or equal to electricity consumption, the average carbon emission factor EF of the boundary exchange account is calculated. 边界交换账户 ; S6. Calculate the city-level electricity carbon emission factor: This factor is based on the direct carbon emissions from power generation in the target city, specifically Em. k,发电 Electricity generation E k,发电 , Boundary exchange account electricity E k,账户 and the average electricity carbon emission factor EF of the border exchange account 边界交换账户 The electricity carbon emission factor EF of the target city was calculated. k ; S7. Calculate the carbon emissions of electricity at the prefecture-level city level: Calculate the carbon emission factor EF of electricity for the target prefecture-level city. k Its total electricity consumption E k,用电 Multiply by the product to obtain the total carbon emissions from electricity in the target city, Em. k .

2. The method for calculating municipal-level electricity carbon emissions based on boundary exchange accounts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the boundary exchange account power E k,账户 The calculation formula is: In the formula: When E k,发电 ≥ E k,用电时 ,E k,账户 = E k,正向账户 = E k,发电 - E k,用电 ; When E k,发电 <E k,用电时 , E k,账户 = E k,补充账户 = E k,用电 - E k,发电 .

3. The method for calculating municipal-level electricity carbon emissions based on boundary exchange accounts according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S5, the average electricity carbon emission factor EF of the boundary exchange account 边界交换账户 The calculation formula is: In the formula: Among them, the summation term Σ applies only to all terms that satisfy E. k,发电 ≥E k,用电 The calculation is performed for the city k.

4. The method for calculating municipal-level electricity carbon emissions based on boundary exchange accounts according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S6, the municipal-level electricity carbon emission factor EF k The calculation formula is: In the formula: When the target city is a positive account, E k,账户 Take a negative value; when the target city is a supplementary account, E k,账户 Take the positive value.

5. The method for calculating municipal-level electricity carbon emissions based on boundary exchange accounts according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S6, if the impact of green electricity trading is taken into account, the corrected municipal-level electricity carbon emission factor EF is calculated using the following formula. k : In the formula: 。 6. The method for calculating municipal-level electricity carbon emissions based on boundary exchange accounts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between step S2 and step S7, a data quality control step is also included, which includes: Establish regulations and data recording management systems for carbon emission accounting; The collected basic electricity data is subjected to cross-checking, input error checking, unit and conversion factor checking, data consistency checking, and trend checking.

7. A municipal-level electricity carbon emission accounting system based on boundary exchange accounts for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: include: The data collection module is used to collect basic electricity data of the target city within the accounting period; The data processing and calculation module is used to execute the following steps: direct carbon emissions calculation for power generation, boundary exchange account construction and electricity accounting, average electricity carbon emission factor calculation for boundary exchange account, electricity carbon emission factor calculation for prefecture-level cities, and electricity carbon emissions calculation for prefecture-level cities. The data quality management module is used to execute the data quality control steps to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data; The results output and display module is used to generate and display city-level electricity carbon emission factors, carbon emission reports, and visualization charts.

Images