Dynamic programmable nanofluid memristor and preparation method and test method thereof

Abstract

The dynamic programmable nanofluid memristor comprises a tubular channel and a flexible built-in block, the tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, and the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in block have hydrophilicity; the sizes of the tubular channel and the built-in block are gradually changed and have opposite changing directions, the built-in block is in clearance fit with the interior of the tubular channel to form a nanometer channel of a double-cone nested structure, the nanometer channel comprises a parallel section and a conical section, the size of the parallel section is smaller than that of the conical section, and the conical section is larger than the parallel section. The memristive effect is triggered by the ion concentration difference of the parallel section and the conical section under the action of an external electric field, the strength of the memristive effect is regulated and controlled by changing the lengths of the parallel section and the conical section, the dynamic regulation of the memristive performance is realized, and the memristive device has the advantages of high stability and reliability, flexible regulation and control mode, strong designability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of nanostructures, specifically relating to a dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristor device and its fabrication and testing methods. Background Technology

[0002] Since the discovery of memristors by HP Labs in 2008, solid-state memristors with various physical / chemical memristor effects have achieved neuromorphic functions in decision-making, digital recognition, and plasticity simulation. However, compared with ion-mediated biological neurons, solid-state memristors still lag behind in energy consumption and functionality. This gap has spurred exploration into using ions in fluids to construct neuromorphic devices. Nanofluidic memristors have two fundamental characteristics: 1) They exhibit responsiveness to voltage changes and a hysteresis effect, meaning that changes in their conductivity should have a time delay with voltage changes, forming a dynamic nonlinear relationship; 2) When the externally applied bias voltage is removed or its polarity is changed, the memristor should be able to maintain its conductivity state for a period of time, exhibiting non-volatility.

[0003] In the design and development of nanofluidic memristors, research mainly focuses on the development of novel materials and chemical modification within a confined space. The development of novel materials utilizes porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), two-dimensional materials, and hydrogels to achieve spatial confinement of the fluid medium, and precise chemical modification can add new functions to the nanofluidic memristors. For example, by introducing specific recognition units, such as aptamers or antibodies, on the material surface, nanofluidic memristors can acquire the ability to recognize specific neurotransmitters. This function is similar to ligand-gated ion channels in living organisms, which can regulate ion transport through specific molecular recognition. Under external stimulation, the regulation of ion transport by functional molecules ultimately achieves the regulation of the memristor effect.

[0004] In living organisms, neural plasticity originates from the systemic behavior of ion channels, which depends on minute structural changes controlled by external stimuli. This mechanism inspires us to mimic this neural plasticity in the design of nanofluidic memristors by dynamically and quantitatively controlling their structure. However, quantitatively controlling the structure of nanofluidic memristors at the nanoscale remains a challenge. It relies on reversibly controlling the interactions within the fluidic memristor through rational chemical design, and the structural modulation of nanoscale memristors will contribute to more complex neuromorphic functions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristor device and its fabrication and testing methods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristor device includes a tubular channel and a flexible built-in block. The tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, and the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in block are hydrophilic. The dimensions of the tubular channel and the built-in block gradually change in opposite directions. The built-in block is interlocked with the tubular channel to form a double-conical nested nanochannel structure. The nanochannel includes a parallel segment and a conical segment, with the parallel segment being smaller than the conical segment. Under the action of an applied electric field, the difference in ion concentration between the parallel segment and the conical segment induces a memristor effect. The intensity of the memristor effect can be controlled by changing the lengths of the parallel segment and the conical segment, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the memristor performance.

[0008] Optionally, the dimension of the parallel segment is less than 100 nm, the dimension of one end of the tapered segment is less than 2000 nm, and the other end is the same as and connected to the parallel segment.

[0009] Optionally, the tubular channel and the built-in block have the same cross-sectional shape, and the sidewalls of the tubular channel and the built-in block are inclined relative to the axial direction, with opposite inclination directions and the same inclination angle.

[0010] Preferably, the tubular channel is formed by a conical glass tube, and the cross-sectional shape of the conical glass tube includes a circle, a triangle, or a quadrilateral.

[0011] Preferably, the tubular channel is formed by a conical glass tube, the sidewall of which is inclined at an angle of 8°, 10°, or 12° relative to the axial direction.

[0012] Optionally, the material of the built-in block has thermal expansion response properties, allowing for dynamic adjustment of the memristor performance by changing the temperature. Preferably, the temperature range is 30–65°C.

[0013] Optionally, the material of the built-in block includes a flexible polymer, which includes at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin, and silicone; the material forming the tubular channel includes glass.

[0014] Optionally, the material of the built-in block has swelling response properties to organic solvents, and the memristor performance can be dynamically adjusted by changing the type or content of the organic solvent in the electrolyte solution. Preferably, the type of organic solvent is methanol, ethanol, or acetone; more preferably, the volume fraction of the organic solvent can be 1.1% (v / v), 2.2% (v / v), 3.3% (v / v), or 4.4% (v / v).

[0015] Optionally, the material of the built-in block includes a flexible polymer and graphene, wherein the amount of graphene added is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the flexible polymer. Preferably, the mass ratio of the flexible polymer to graphene molecules is 100:3, 50:1, 100:1, or 200:1.

[0016] Optionally, the concentration range of the electrolyte solution is 0.1 mM to 1 M; more preferably, the concentration of the electrolyte solution can be 0.1 mM, 1 mM, 10 mM, or 100 mM. Preferably, the pH of the solution is 9 to 11, for example, 9, 10, or 11.

[0017] A method for fabricating the above-mentioned dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristor device includes:

[0018] The raw material, including a flexible polymer solution, is poured into a conical pipe, solidified, and then peeled off to obtain a conical object. The conical object is then cut into several conical segments.

[0019] The tubular channel has the same structure as the conical pipe. Both the conical segment and the tubular channel are hydrophilized. The tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution. A conical segment is placed in the tubular channel in reverse as an internal block. The internal block and the tubular channel are fitted together to form the nanochannel with the double-conical nested structure.

[0020] Preferably, the height of the flexible polymer after cutting is 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, or 1.5mm.

[0021] A testing method for the aforementioned dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristor device involves applying a sweep voltage to both sides of the nanochannel; and controlling the memristor behavior by changing the volume of the built-in block and altering the length ratio of the parallel and tapered segments.

[0022] Preferably, the voltage scanning speed is 0.01V / s to 2V / s, for example 0.01V / s, 0.05V / s, 0.1V / s, 0.5V / s, 1V / s, 2V / s.

[0023] Preferably, the voltage is a pulse voltage, the pulse voltage is 0.5V to 1V, and the pulse interval voltage is 0.1V. More preferably, the time interval of the pulse voltage can be 0.1s or 0.5s, and the pulse interval voltage time is 0.01s.

[0024] Preferably, the number of pulse voltages is 10 to 500.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] 1) By precisely adjusting the ratio of parallel segments to conical segments in the nanopores of the biconical nested structure, we can dynamically adjust the structure of the conical region, thereby precisely controlling the ion transport characteristics. This control mechanism allows us to dynamically program memristor behavior, achieving its tunability and flexibility.

[0027] 2) Due to their unique biomimetic properties, nanopores can mimic the behavior of biological ion channels, making them ideal for operation in solution environments that closely resemble the workings of the nervous system and the brain. Because of their excellent biocompatibility, nanopores show great promise for applications in the development of neuromorphic devices, brain-computer interfaces, and brain-like intelligent technologies.

[0028] 3) By altering the structure of nanopores, the conductivity of ions can be modulated, thereby achieving significant changes in conductivity. This modulation mechanism enables dynamic and continuous control of the memristor effect. In particular, nanocurrent memristors utilize ions as signal carriers, and compared to electronic memristors that rely on electron transmission, they have significant advantages, such as being unaffected by external magnetic fields, thus exhibiting superior stability and reliability.

[0029] 4) By precisely controlling the local temperature, we can adjust the structure of memristors to achieve different degrees of memristor effect. This modulation method is not only flexible, but also greatly increases the design diversity when these memristors are organized into arrays. This makes them have great potential in building complex neural networks and simulating brain functions. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the double-cone nested nanochannel in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the testing device for adjusting the memristor characteristics of the double-cone nested nanochannel by controlling the system temperature in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The current-voltage response memristor hysteresis curves for Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown.

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the memristor effect mechanism of the double-cone nested nanochannel structure in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the dynamic shape change of the double-cone nested nanochannel structure in Example 2;

[0035] Figure 6 The CV curves of the double-cone nested nanochannels at different temperatures in Example 2 are shown.

[0036] Figure 7The CV curves for the biconical nested nanochannels in a 4.4% (v / v) ethanol-water mixed solvent in Example 3 are shown.

[0037] Figure 8 The STP electrical pulse is the double-cone nested structure in Example 4;

[0038] Figure labels: 1 is the reference electrode; 2 is the temperature control plate; 3 is the rubber tube; 4 is the glass tube; 5 is the rubber tube; 6 is the working electrode; 7 is the thermometer; 8 is the wire; 9 is the Keithley 6487 picoammeter; 10 is the computer terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are merely illustrative to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, and their specific proportions can be adjusted according to design requirements.

[0040] In this embodiment, an innovative method was employed to prepare nanochannels with a double-cone nested structure. For example... Figure 1 As shown, firstly, a conical glass tube is used as a mold to shape polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or its composites with other functional molecules. The obtained PDMS material is cut into small segments. After hydrophilicating the segments and the conical glass tube, an electrolyte solution is filled into the conical glass tube. The small segments are then installed back into the conical glass tube as internal blocks, i.e., the larger segment is embedded into the smaller end of the conical tubular channel. This process continues until the larger end of the internal block contacts the conical glass tube, causing compression and forming a unique double-conical nested nanochannel structure. Viewed from the axial cross-section of this nanochannel, the presence of a hydration layer on the two hydrophilic surfaces of the internal block and the glass creates a hydration repulsion force, pushing the two surfaces apart and creating a parallel channel at the lower end. The resulting nanochannel consists of two parts: a parallel segment and a conical segment. The parallel segment has a symmetrical structure, while the conical segment has an asymmetrical structure. It is this asymmetrical conical structure that enables the nanochannel to exhibit the memristor effect. To modulate ion transport and the memristor effect, we can control the volume of the built-in block by adjusting the temperature of the entire system or the content of organic solvent in the electrolyte solution. This volume control alters the ratio between the parallel and conical sections, thus affecting the structure of the conical section. In this way, we can precisely control ion transport behavior and achieve effective control of the memristor effect.

[0041] Example 1.

[0042] (1) Hydrophobic treatment of the inner surface of the glass tube

[0043] The conical glass tube has a wall thickness of 1 mm, forming a circular tubular channel with a maximum diameter of 3 mm, gradually decreasing along the axial direction, resulting in a 10° inclination angle of the sidewall relative to the axial direction. The conical glass tube was oxidized using a piranha solution (a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and 30% hydrogen peroxide in a 3:1 volume ratio), followed by ultrasonic cleaning to remove residues. Next, it underwent silanization treatment with trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl)silane, and was cleaned and dried again to ensure the hydrophobicity of the inner wall of the glass tube.

[0044] (2) Fabrication of double-pyramidal nested nanochannels

[0045] Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer and crosslinking agent were mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1, followed by degassing under vacuum for 5 minutes. The PDMS mixture was then poured into a hydrophobically treated conical glass tube, and vacuum assistance was used to ensure uniform distribution and filling of the entire conical glass tube. The conical glass tube containing the PDMS solution was placed in an oven for curing at 60°C for 4 hours. After curing, the PDMS was peeled off from the conical glass tube and cut radially into segments with a height of 1 mm. The conical glass tube and the PDMS segments were then subjected to plasma surface activation treatment in a plasma cleaner at a power of 220 W for 4 minutes to hydrophilize the surface. A 10 mM KCl solution was filled into the conical glass tube as an electrolyte solution, and a segment was installed in reverse inside the conical glass tube as an internal block, forming a double-conical nested nanochannel structure on the inner wall of the conical glass tube and the PDMS surface. The performance was adjusted by measuring the IV relationship.

[0046] (3) CV testing of nanofluidic memristor devices

[0047] Placing a single bipyramidal nested nanochannel in, as Figure 2 In the device, specifically, rubber tubes 3 and 5 are respectively fitted to both ends of a conical glass tube 4. A working electrode 6 and a thermometer 7 are inserted into the conical glass tube 4, and a reference electrode 1 is inserted into the other end. The electrode is an Ag / AgCl electrode. A Keithley 6487 picoammeter 9 is connected via a wire 8. The CV curve within the channel is acquired in real time through the electrode and displayed on a computer 10. A sweep voltage of -1V to 1V is applied through the electrode at a scan rate of 0.05V / s to measure the ionic current of the nanochannel in KCl solution. Figure 3 As can be seen, the current-voltage characteristic curve of the nanofluidic memristor device exhibits a typical memristor hysteresis loop. There is an intersection point between the current-voltage curves of the forward scan and the reverse scan, which shows a typical memristor hysteresis loop.

[0048] refer to Figure 4The model provided in this invention is based on the transport and diffusion behavior of ions under an electric field within a nanoscale confinement. This memristor performance is primarily influenced by the conical portion. According to Woermann's ion accumulation and consumption model, the conical nanochannel is divided into three regions: the tip region, the critical transition region, and the bulk region. The tip region is most affected by surface charge. Due to the negative charge on the inner surface of the nanochannel, cations mainly accumulate in the tip region, with a cation transport number close to 1. In the bulk region, the concentrations of anions and cations are the same as in the solution, and their transport numbers are equal. Because of the difference in ion transport numbers between the tip and bulk regions, when a voltage is applied, this difference leads to the accumulation or dissipation of ions in the critical transition region, thereby altering the overall conductivity of the channel. Due to the limited ion migration rate, the accumulation and consumption of KCl takes time. The conductivity is controlled by the voltage applied in the previous state, resulting in the memristor effect. By controlling the system temperature, the ratio of parallel and conical structures in the double-conical nested nanochannel can be adjusted. By altering the proportions of the tip, transition, and bulk regions within the channel, precise regulation of memristor behavior can be achieved.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The single bipyramidal nested nanochannel of Example 1 was placed in, as... Figure 2 In the device, self-made Ag / AgCl electrodes were inserted. A Keithley 6487 picoammeter was used to acquire the CV curves within the channels in real time via the electrodes. The initial temperature was set to 30℃, and a temperature control plate 2 was used to regulate the temperature of the bipyramidal nested nanochannels. The temperature was gradually increased in increments of 5℃, with a 5-minute heating time set after each new temperature, and maintained at that temperature for 10 minutes. After the current within the channels stabilized, the CV curves were measured. A sweep voltage of -1V to 1V was applied to the electrodes at a scan rate of 0.05V / s to measure the ion currents of the nanochannels at different temperatures. Because the coefficient of thermal expansion of PDMS is greater than that of glass, as the temperature increases, the conical portion of the bipyramidal nested nanochannels continuously decreases, while the parallel portion gradually increases, resulting in a gradual decrease in the memristor effect. A schematic diagram of the structure is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the test results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0051] Example 3.

[0052] Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer and crosslinking agent were mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1, and then mixed with graphene at a mass ratio of 50:1. The mixture was then degassed under vacuum for 5 minutes. The PDMS mixture was poured into a hydrophobically treated conical glass tube, and vacuum assistance was used to ensure uniform distribution and filling of the entire conical glass tube. The conical glass tube containing the PDMS mixture was placed in an oven for curing at 60°C for 4 hours. After curing, the PDMS mixture was peeled off from the conical glass tube and cut radially into segments with a height of 1 mm. The conical glass tube and the PDMS segments were then placed in a plasma cleaner for plasma surface activation treatment at a power of 220 W for 4 minutes to hydrophilize the surface. A 10 mM KCl solution was filled into the conical glass tube as an electrolyte solution. A segment was then installed in reverse inside the conical glass tube as an internal block, forming a double-conical nested nanochannel structure on the inner wall of the conical glass tube and the surface of the internal block. Performance was tuned by measuring the IV relationship.

[0053] PDMS exhibits swelling in organic solvents, but higher molecular weight PDMS typically shows less swelling. This is because the molecular chains of high molecular weight PDMS have more complex entanglement, thus enhancing their resistance to solvent penetration. On the other hand, when PDMS is combined with graphene, the presence of graphene provides more penetration channels for the solvent, which enhances the solvent's diffusion ability within the material, leading to an increase in the degree of swelling.

[0054] CV testing of nanochannels regulated by organic solvents

[0055] Placing a single bipyramidal nested nanochannel in, as Figure 2 In the apparatus, self-made Ag / AgCl electrodes were inserted. A Keithley 6487 picoammeter was used to acquire the CV curve of the channel in real time through the electrodes. After the current in the channel stabilized, the CV curve was measured. A sweep voltage of -1V to 1V was applied through the electrodes at a scan rate of 0.05V / s to measure the ion current of the nanochannel at different temperatures. The electrolyte solution was then removed and replaced with a 4.4% (v / v) ethanol-10mM KCl mixture. The test results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, PDMS incorporating graphene exhibits swelling in organic solvents, thus our bipyramidal nested nanochannels also demonstrate programmable dynamic regulation capabilities for solvent molecules.

[0056] Example 4.

[0057] The single bipyramidal nested nanochannel of Example 3 was placed in, as... Figure 2In the device, self-made Ag / AgCl electrodes were inserted. Simultaneously, a Keithley 6487 picoammeter was used to acquire the CV curve within the channel in real time through the electrodes, while periodic voltage pulses were applied. In this embodiment, the pulse voltage was 1.0V, the pulse duration was 0.1s, the voltage interval between pulses was 0.1V, and the time interval between pulses was 0.01s. The change in ionic conductivity of the device after continuous voltage pulses was referenced. Figure 8 Two consecutive +1V pulses induce an increase in current, known as paired pulse promotion (PPF). Short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) electrical pulses originate from the transient redistribution of ions in a bipyramidal nested nanochannel. The applied voltage drives ion concentration polarization in the transition region, resulting in the observed current spike. After the external electric field is removed (i.e., at the pulse interval), the slow anion diffusion kinetics briefly maintain the ion concentration polarization. When the voltage pulse is applied again, the hysteretic ion redistribution during the pulse interval continues to affect cation enrichment or depletion in the transition region, leading to an increase in the conductivity (or ion current) level of the next spike, thus enabling the simulation of STP electrical pulses using bipyramidal nested nanochannels.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate a dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristor device and its preparation and testing methods according to the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device, characterized in that: The application relates to a nano-channel with a double-tapered nested structure, which comprises a tubular channel and flexible built-in blocks, the tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in blocks are hydrophilic, the sizes of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are gradually changed and have opposite change directions, the built-in blocks are matched with the tubular channel to form the nano-channel with the double-tapered nested structure, the nano-channel comprises parallel sections and tapered sections, the size of the parallel sections is smaller than that of the tapered sections, the ion concentration difference between the parallel sections and the tapered sections under the action of an external electric field causes a memory effect, the strength of the memory effect is regulated by changing the length ratio of the parallel sections and the tapered sections, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized.

2. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 1, wherein: The size of the parallel sections is smaller than 100 nm, the size of one end of the tapered sections is smaller than 2000 nm, and the size of the other end is the same as that of the parallel sections and is connected with the parallel sections.

3. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 1, wherein: The tubular channel and the built-in blocks have the same cross-sectional shape, the side walls of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are oppositely inclined relative to the axial direction, the inclination directions are opposite and the inclination angles are the same.

4. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 1, wherein: The material of the built-in blocks has a thermal expansion response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the temperature.

5. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 4, wherein: The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer, the flexible high polymer comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin and silica gel, and the material forming the tubular channel comprises glass.

6. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 1, wherein: The material of the built-in blocks has an organic solvent swelling response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the type or content of the organic solvent in the electrolyte solution.

7. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 6, wherein: The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer and graphene, the addition amount of the graphene is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the flexible high polymer.

8. The dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 1, wherein: The concentration of the electrolyte solution ranges from 0.1 mM to 1 M.

9. A method of fabricating the dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to a nano-channel with a double-tapered nested structure, which comprises a tubular channel and flexible built-in blocks, the tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in blocks are hydrophilic, the sizes of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are gradually changed and have opposite change directions, the built-in blocks are matched with the tubular channel to form the nano-channel with the double-tapered nested structure, the nano-channel comprises parallel sections and tapered sections, the size of the parallel sections is smaller than that of the tapered sections, the ion concentration difference between the parallel sections and the tapered sections under the action of an external electric field causes a memory effect, the strength of the memory effect is regulated by changing the length ratio of the parallel sections and the tapered sections, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized. The size of the parallel sections is smaller than 100 nm, the size of one end of the tapered sections is smaller than 2000 nm, and the size of the other end is the same as that of the parallel sections and is connected with the parallel sections. The tubular channel and the built-in blocks have the same cross-sectional shape, the side walls of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are oppositely inclined relative to the axial direction, the inclination directions are opposite and the inclination angles are the same.

10. A method of testing a dynamically programmable nanofluidic memristive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The material of the built-in blocks has a thermal expansion response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the temperature. The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer, the flexible high polymer comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin and silica gel, and the material forming the tubular channel comprises glass. The material of the built-in blocks has an organic solvent swelling response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the type or content of the organic solvent in the electrolyte solution. The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer and graphene, the addition amount of the graphene is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the flexible high polymer. The concentration of the electrolyte solution ranges from 0.1 mM to 1 M. The application relates to a nano-channel with a double-tapered nested structure, which comprises a tubular channel and flexible built-in blocks, the tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in blocks are hydrophilic, the sizes of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are gradually changed and have opposite change directions, the built-in blocks are matched with the tubular channel to form the nano-channel with the double-tapered nested structure, the nano-channel comprises parallel sections and tapered sections, the size of the parallel sections is smaller than that of the tapered sections, the ion concentration difference between the parallel sections and the tapered sections under the action of an external electric field causes a memory effect, the strength of the memory effect is regulated by changing the length ratio of the parallel sections and the tapered sections, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized. The size of the parallel sections is smaller than 100 nm, the size of one end of the tapered sections is smaller than 2000 nm, and the size of the other end is the same as that of the parallel sections and is connected with the parallel sections. The tubular channel and the built-in blocks have the same cross-sectional shape, the side walls of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are oppositely inclined relative to the axial direction, the inclination directions are opposite and the inclination angles are the same. The material of the built-in blocks has a thermal expansion response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the temperature. The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer, the flexible high polymer comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin and silica gel, and the material forming the tubular channel comprises glass. The material of the built-in blocks has an organic solvent swelling response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the type or content of the organic solvent in the electrolyte solution. The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer and graphene, the addition amount of the graphene is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the flexible high polymer. The concentration of the electrolyte solution ranges from 0.1 mM to 1 M. The application relates to a nano-channel with a double-tapered nested structure, which comprises a tubular channel and flexible built-in blocks, the tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in blocks are hydrophilic, the sizes of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are gradually changed and have opposite change directions, the built-in blocks are matched with the tubular channel to form the nano-channel with the double-tapered nested structure, the nano-channel comprises parallel sections and tapered sections, the size of the parallel sections is smaller than that of the tapered sections, the ion concentration difference between the parallel sections and the tapered sections under the action of an external electric field causes a memory effect, the strength of the memory effect is regulated by changing the length ratio of the parallel sections and the tapered sections, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized. The size of the parallel sections is smaller than 100 nm, the size of one end of the tapered sections is smaller than 2000 nm, and the size of the other end is the same as that of the parallel sections and is connected with the parallel sections. The tubular channel and the built-in blocks have the same cross-sectional shape, the side walls of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are oppositely inclined relative to the axial direction, the inclination directions are opposite and the inclination angles are the same. The material of the built-in blocks has a thermal expansion response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the temperature. The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer, the flexible high polymer comprises at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy resin and silica gel, and the material forming the tubular channel comprises glass. The material of the built-in blocks has an organic solvent swelling response performance, and the dynamic regulation of the memory effect is realized by changing the type or content of the organic solvent in the electrolyte solution. The material of the built-in blocks comprises a flexible high polymer and graphene, the addition amount of the graphene is 0.5% to 3% of the mass of the flexible high polymer. The concentration of the electrolyte solution ranges from 0.1 mM to 1 M. The application relates to a nano-channel with a double-tapered nested structure, which comprises a tubular channel and flexible built-in blocks, the tubular channel is filled with an electrolyte solution, the inner surface of the tubular channel and the outer surface of the built-in blocks are hydrophilic, the sizes of the tubular channel and the built-in blocks are gradually changed and have opposite change directions, the built-in blocks are matched with the tubular channel to form the nano-channel with the double-tapered nested structure, the nano-channel comprises parallel sections and tapered sections, the size of the parallel sections is smaller than that of the tapered sections, the ion concentration difference between the parallel sections and the tapered sections under the action of an external electric field causes a memory

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