A seed missing detection and reseeding system and seed meter with reseeding function

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of sowing missed sowing detection and reseeding system, install on double-row mechanical seed metering device, double-row mechanical seed metering device includes shell and seed metering wheel, and two rows of hole are provided on seed metering wheel;System includes detection mechanism, reseeding mechanism and controller;Detection mechanism includes sensor mounting bracket, a first sensor for triggering missed sowing detection reference timing signal, two second sensors for detecting whether seed exists in the axial two holes;Reseeding mechanism includes baffle and translation drive assembly, the baffle of the axial dimension covering a hole is arranged in seed outlet, and translation drive assembly drives baffle to translate in the axial direction in seed outlet;First sensor, second sensor, translation drive assembly, motor driving seed metering wheel rotation are connected with controller.The present application also relates to a kind of seed metering device with reseeding function.The present application has the advantages of high structural integration, low modification cost and good operation quality, belongs to the technical field of peanut precision seeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision peanut planting technology, specifically to a system for detecting and replanting missed seeds, and also to a seed metering device with replanting function. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the global peanut planting area exceeds 70 million mu (approximately 4.67 million hectares), with my country accounting for about 17% of the global planting area, ranking second in the world. The total annual output is about 18 million tons, making peanuts an important oilseed crop and cash crop in my country.

[0003] To increase peanut yield, mechanized planting is employed using peanut planters. Currently, peanut planters in my country are mainly mechanical and pneumatic seed metering devices. Pneumatic seed metering devices are highly adaptable and have a low seed damage rate, but they require a fan and pneumatic control system, resulting in complex structures, high purchase and operating costs, high power consumption, and stringent airtightness requirements, making them difficult to popularize among small and medium-sized farmers. Mechanical seed metering devices have become the market mainstream due to their simple structure, convenient operation, and low cost, but their missed planting rate is generally 5%-15% due to factors such as seed physical characteristics, impurities, and mechanical wear. Therefore, if the missed planting rate of mechanical seed metering devices can be effectively reduced while retaining their cost and structural advantages, it will not only further promote their adoption among small and medium-sized farmers but also have significant practical implications for increasing peanut yield and ensuring food and oil security. However, the key to reducing the missed planting rate of mechanical seed metering devices lies in achieving accurate and timely automatic replanting.

[0004] In precision seeding, the missed seeding rate of the seed metering device directly affects the seedling emergence rate and plant population structure in the field. Traditional manual replanting methods are labor-intensive, inefficient, and difficult to control the timing of replanting, resulting in poor plant growth uniformity after replanting and ultimately affecting yield. To solve this problem, two mainstream replanting solutions have emerged in the industry, but both have significant technical drawbacks: One is to add a secondary seed metering device for replanting, which requires an independent parallel secondary seed metering device next to the main one. This method increases the size, weight, and manufacturing cost of the equipment, and requires a complex transmission system to ensure the synchronization of the main and secondary seeding paths. It is prone to replanting position deviation due to synchronization errors, and its adaptability to small and medium-sized seeders is weak. The other is accelerated self-replanting, which achieves replanting by temporarily increasing the speed of the seed metering wheel of the main seed metering device. Sudden changes in speed can easily cause insufficient seed filling or seed damage, increasing the seed damage rate by 3%-8%, and the replanting spacing deviates significantly from the normal plant spacing, affecting the rationality of the plant population structure in the field.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a third technical approach that differs from the two types of replanting schemes mentioned above, namely a dual-path seeding channel switching replanting system, in order to improve seeding quality and yield. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a sowing missed detection and reseeding system that effectively reduces the missed sowing rate of mechanical seed metering devices and improves sowing quality and yield.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to provide a seed metering device with a replanting function, which effectively reduces the missed seeding rate of mechanical seed metering devices and improves sowing quality and yield.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A sowing omission detection and reseeding system is installed on a double-row mechanical seed metering device. The double-row mechanical seed metering device includes a housing and a seed metering wheel located inside the housing. A motor drives the seed metering wheel to rotate inside the housing. The seed metering wheel has two rows of shaped holes arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction. Each row of shaped holes includes multiple circumferentially evenly arranged shaped holes. The circumferential sidewall of the housing has a seed metering opening whose axial dimension covers two shaped holes. The double-row mechanical seed metering device uses one row of shaped holes as a sowing channel and the other row as a reseeding channel. The system includes a detection mechanism, a reseeding mechanism, and a controller. The detection mechanism includes a sensor mounting bracket, a first sensor for triggering a missed sowing detection reference timing signal, and two second sensors for detecting whether seeds are present in the two axial shaped holes. The reseeding mechanism includes a baffle and a translation drive assembly. The baffle whose axial dimension covers one shaped hole is set in the seed metering opening, and the translation drive assembly drives the baffle to translate axially within the seed metering opening. The first sensor, the second sensor, the translation drive assembly, and the motor driving the seed metering wheel are all connected to the controller.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a partition is provided inside the housing to divide the space inside the housing into a seed filling area and a seed protection area; in the detection mechanism, the first sensor is an optical fiber sensor and the second sensor is a diffuse reflection laser switch. Both the first and second sensors are fixed in the seed filling area by a sensor mounting bracket and are set directly opposite the shaped hole in the seed protection area. The partition and the circumferential sidewall of the housing are provided with three detection holes corresponding to the first and second sensors.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, two second sensors are arranged along the axial direction; the first sensor and one of the second sensors are arranged circumferentially, with the first sensor located between the second sensor and the seeding port in the circumferential direction.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, a strip-shaped mounting hole is provided on the housing, and the sensor mounting bracket is fixed in the strip-shaped mounting hole in an adjustable position; a strip-shaped mounting hole is provided on the sensor mounting bracket, and both the first sensor and the second sensor are fixed in the strip-shaped mounting hole in an adjustable position.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, in the replanting mechanism, the translation drive component includes an electromagnet, a mounting base, and a detachable rigid connector. The mounting base is fixed relative to the housing, the electromagnet is fixed on the mounting base, and the baffle is connected to the power output end of the electromagnet through the rigid connector.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the baffle is an arc-shaped plate structure that matches the circumferential arc surface of the seeding wheel, and the inner side of the baffle is flush with the inner side of the shell.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the controller is used to execute the seed absence detection and judgment logic: the controller opens a detection time window of a preset duration when the first sensor detects the signal of the hole interval. Within the detection time window, the controller reads the signal of the second sensor. If the second sensor returns a signal that the seed is blocking the light path, it is determined that the hole is carrying seeds normally. If no signal that the seed is blocking the light path is detected at the end of the detection time window, it is determined that the hole is missing seeds.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the controller is used to perform delay calculation and decision-making logic: the controller calculates the linear velocity of the seed metering wheel based on the real-time speed signal fed back by the motor, and calculates the theoretical time for the seed-deficient hole to reach the seed metering port by combining the fixed arc length distance from the detection point to the seed metering port, which is used as the replanting delay time; at the same time, the controller decides on the corresponding replanting control command based on the combination of seed deficiency information fed back by the two second sensors, and executes the replanting control command after the replanting delay time.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the replanting control commands executed by the controller include baffle switching and speed control. Baffle switching is performed by an electromagnet driving the baffle to move axially. When the two second sensors detect that the holes in the sowing channel are missing seeds and the holes in the replanting channel are filled with seeds, the controller controls the baffle to move and block the sowing channel with missing seeds, and the replanting channel opens for replanting. Speed ​​control is performed by a motor controlling the speed of the seed metering wheel. When the two second sensors detect that both the holes in the sowing channel and the replanting channel are missing seeds, the speed of the seed metering wheel is increased and combined with baffle switching, the next set of seeds is discharged from the holes.

[0018] A seed metering device with replanting function includes a double-row mechanical seed metering device and a seeding miss detection and replanting system; the replanting channel and the seeding channel are switched by switching the initial position of the baffle through the controller.

[0019] The principle of this invention is as follows: Installed on an existing double-row mechanical seed metering device, unlike existing technologies that use two parallel sowing channels, this invention uses one row of seed holes as a replanting channel and the other row as a sowing channel. A fiber optic sensor detects the seed hole interval as a trigger signal, and a diffuse reflection laser switch detects the seed filling status within a preset time window. The controller calculates the replanting delay time based on the real-time rotation speed feedback from the motor. When it is determined that the sowing channel has missed seeds and the replanting channel has seeds, the controller controls the electromagnet to drive the baffle to switch the seed metering path, discharging the seeds from the spare channel (replanting channel) through a shared seed metering port. When it is determined that both the sowing and replanting channels are missing seeds, the rotation speed of the seed metering wheel is increased, and combined with the baffle switching, the seeds from the next set of seed holes (the next pair of seed holes following the two missing seed holes) are discharged to achieve replanting. This achieves precise replanting.

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. Use the existing double-row parallel seed metering device as a seeding and reseeding equipment. Based on the signal from the detection mechanism, control the movement of the baffle and seed metering wheel to achieve precision seeding and significantly reduce the missed seeding rate.

[0022] 2. The multi-sensor time-series collaborative detection is adopted. The fiber optic sensor provides a precise detection trigger time by identifying the hole spacing, which guides the diffuse reflection laser switch to perform fixed-point detection of the target hole within a preset time window. This solves the problem of signal lag and positioning drift caused by the inaccurate detection timing of a single sensor. The measured accuracy of missed detection is ≥98%.

[0023] 3. The sensor mounting bracket and sensor are fixed through the strip mounting holes, and the installation position can be adjusted according to the seed specifications and testing requirements.

[0024] 4. The electromagnet-driven baffle opens the replanting channel for replanting, with a response time of ≤50ms. There is no need to add an auxiliary seed meterer or prioritize replanting by changing the speed of the seed metering wheel, effectively avoiding synchronization errors and seed damage problems. The seed damage rate can be controlled within 0.5%.

[0025] 5. The baffle has an arc-shaped plate structure and its width is adapted to the width of a single hole, which effectively realizes the rapid and interference-free switching of the replanting channel and ensures the reliability and accuracy of the replanting action.

[0026] 6. The overall system structure is highly integrated with the double-row mechanical seed metering device, and can be directly adapted to existing mechanical seed metering devices for modification. It is easy to install and has low modification costs.

[0027] 7. Completely replaces manual replanting, significantly reducing labor intensity. Field trials have verified that it can increase the emergence rate by 8%-12%, and significantly improve sowing quality and yield.

[0028] 8. The replanting channel and the sowing channel can be switched to each other to prevent seed damage. When the replanting channel is in standby mode or the replanting action reaches a preset threshold, the controller controls the switching of working modes, switching the original replanting channel to the sowing channel for normal seeding, and switching the original sowing channel to the replanting channel for seed filling and standby. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the sowing and missing sowing detection and reseeding system.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sowing and missing seed detection and reseeding system after removing the right shell.

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of AA, including the right shell.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the testing mechanism and the partition.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a 3D diagram of the testing agency.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a 3D diagram of the replanting facility.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional view of the left shell, seed box, and partition.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the right shell.

[0037] Figure 9 It is a 3D diagram of the seed reel.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the seed reel structure.

[0039] In the diagram, 1-left shell, 2-right shell, 3-external detection hole, 4-replenishment mechanism, 5-seed discharge port, 6-strip mounting hole, 7-seed box, 8-seed discharge wheel, 9-internal detection hole, 10-electromagnet, 11-mounting base, 12-baffle, 13-fiber optic sensor, 14-diffuse laser switch, 15-sensor mounting bracket, 16-rigid connector, 17-partition, 18-seed filling area, 19-seed protection area, 20-seed limiting hook, 21-type hole. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A sowing omission detection and reseeding system is installed on a double-row mechanical seed metering device. The double-row mechanical seed metering device includes a housing and a seed metering wheel located inside the housing. A motor drives the seed metering wheel to rotate inside the housing. The seed metering wheel has two rows of shaped holes arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction. Each row of shaped holes includes multiple circumferentially evenly arranged shaped holes. The circumferential sidewall of the housing has a seed metering opening whose axial dimension covers two shaped holes. The double-row mechanical seed metering device uses one row of shaped holes as a sowing channel and the other row as a reseeding channel. The system includes a detection mechanism, a reseeding mechanism, and a controller. The detection mechanism includes a sensor mounting bracket, a first sensor for triggering a missed sowing detection reference timing signal, and two second sensors for detecting whether seeds are present in the two axial shaped holes. The reseeding mechanism includes a baffle and a translation drive assembly. The baffle whose axial dimension covers one shaped hole is set in the seed metering opening, and the translation drive assembly drives the baffle to translate axially within the seed metering opening. The first sensor, the second sensor, the translation drive assembly, and the motor driving the seed metering wheel are all connected to the controller.

[0043] Specifically, the double-row mechanical seed metering device is a commercially available device, including a housing, partitions, seed metering wheels, seed box, and seed metering shaft, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the left and right shells are fastened together to form the shell. Figure 8 As shown, a seed outlet is located on the lower part of one side of the right shell. Figure 7 As shown, the partition is fixed inside the left shell, and the seed box is fixed outside the left shell. The seed box and the interior space of the shell are connected, allowing seeds to fall from the seed box into the shell. A seed metering wheel is mounted on a seed metering shaft, and a motor drives the seed metering shaft to rotate, thereby causing the seed metering wheel to rotate inside the shell. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the circumferential sidewall of the seed metering wheel has two rows of perforations. Each row includes multiple circumferentially distributed perforations, each perforation is radially penetrating, and each perforation contains a seed-limiting hook. Figure 3 As shown, the seed metering wheel rotates clockwise, filling the seed-filling area with seeds through the orifices on the left. Due to the action of the seed-limiting hook, when rotating in the seed-filling area outside the partition, the seeds are confined within the space between the seed-limiting hook and the circumferential sidewall of the right shell, preventing them from falling out of the orifices. When rotating to the seed-protecting area defined by the right partition, the seeds still do not fall out due to the partition's obstruction, and the seeds rotate to the seed-discharging port for discharge. The details of the double-row mechanical seed metering device are the same as those in the prior art. This invention's double-row mechanical seed metering device uses one row of orifices as a replenishment channel and one row of orifices as a sowing channel. A baffle blocks half of the seed-discharging port. In the initial state, the baffle blocks the seed-discharging port area corresponding to the replenishment channel, and the sowing channel discharges seeds normally. In the replenishment state, the baffle blocks the seed-discharging port area corresponding to the sowing channel, and the replenishment channel discharges seeds.

[0044] In this embodiment, a motor drives the seed metering shaft to rotate. The motor's built-in sensor collects the seed metering wheel's rotational speed and feeds it back to the controller. The controller controls the replanting mechanism's operation and the seed metering wheel's rotational speed, enabling precise replanting when seeds are missing. A microcontroller is preferably used as the controller.

[0045] A partition is installed inside the housing to divide the space inside the housing into a seed filling area and a seed protection area. In the detection mechanism, the first sensor is an optical fiber sensor and the second sensor is a diffuse reflection laser switch. Both the first and second sensors are fixed in the seed filling area by a sensor mounting bracket and are set directly opposite the shaped hole in the seed protection area. The partition and the circumferential sidewall of the housing are provided with three detection holes corresponding to the first and second sensors.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the partition has three internal inspection holes, such as... Figure 1 As shown, three external detection holes are formed on the circumferential sidewall of the housing, and three internal detection holes are directly opposite each other. The sensor's detection end is aligned with the detection holes. Figure 4 As shown, the positional relationship between the testing mechanism and the partition is evident.

[0047] Two second sensors are arranged along the axial direction; the first sensor and one of the second sensors are arranged circumferentially, with the first sensor located between the second sensor and the seeding port in the circumferential direction.

[0048] The housing has strip-shaped mounting holes, and the sensor mounting bracket is adjustablely fixed in these holes. The sensor mounting bracket also has strip-shaped mounting holes, and both the first and second sensors are adjustablely fixed in these holes. Specifically... Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0049] In the replanting mechanism, the translation drive component includes an electromagnet, a mounting base, and a detachable rigid connector. The mounting base is fixed relative to the housing, the electromagnet is fixed on the mounting base, and the baffle is connected to the power output end of the electromagnet through the rigid connector.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the push-pull electromagnet is a commercially available device. By switching the electromagnet on and off, it drives the baffle to move horizontally, which determines whether the baffle blocks the area of ​​the seeding channel or the area of ​​the replanting channel corresponding to the seeding port. In other words, it cuts off the seeding channel or the replanting channel for seeding.

[0051] The baffle is an arc-shaped plate structure that matches the circumferential arc surface of the seeding wheel, and the inner side of the baffle is flush with the inner side of the shell.

[0052] The controller is used to execute the seed absence detection and judgment logic: the controller opens a detection time window of preset duration when the first sensor detects the signal of the hole interval. During the detection time window, the controller reads the signal of the second sensor. If the second sensor returns a signal that the seed is blocking the light path, it is determined that the hole is carrying seeds normally. If no signal that the seed is blocking the light path is detected at the end of the detection time window, it is determined that the hole is missing seeds.

[0053] The controller is used to perform delay calculation and decision-making logic: the controller calculates the linear velocity of the seed metering wheel based on the real-time speed signal fed back by the motor, and calculates the theoretical time for the missing seed hole to reach the seed metering port by combining the fixed arc length distance from the detection point to the seed metering port, which is used as the replanting delay time; at the same time, the controller decides on the corresponding replanting control command based on the combination of missing seed information fed back by the two second sensors, and executes the replanting control command after the replanting delay time.

[0054] In this embodiment, the detection point is the position of the hole that the second sensor is facing.

[0055] The replanting control commands executed by the controller include baffle switching and speed control. Baffle switching is performed by an electromagnet driving the baffle to move axially. When the two second sensors detect that the holes in the sowing channel are missing seeds and the holes in the replanting channel are filled with seeds, the controller controls the baffle to move and block the sowing channel with missing seeds, and the replanting channel opens for replanting. Speed ​​control is performed by a motor controlling the speed of the seed metering wheel. When the two second sensors detect that both the holes in the sowing channel and the replanting channel are missing seeds, the speed of the seed metering wheel is increased and combined with baffle switching, the next set of seeds is discharged from the holes.

[0056] The workflow of the sowing omission detection and reseeding system of this invention is based on a collaborative detection and control mechanism, as follows:

[0057] I. Collaborative Detection and Judgment Mechanism.

[0058] The seed metering wheel rotates continuously. The first sensor detects the gaps between the holes on the seed metering wheel, sending a reference trigger signal to the controller whenever a gap is detected. Upon receiving this signal, the controller immediately opens a preset detection window. Within this window, two second sensors detect the sowing and reseeding channels corresponding to the currently arriving detection points: if the light path of a second sensor is blocked by a seed, it outputs a seed signal; otherwise, it does not. The controller makes real-time judgments based on the signals from the two second sensors: if a seed signal is received, the corresponding hole is considered to be properly filled with seeds; if no signal is received by the end of the detection window, the corresponding hole is considered to be missing seeds.

[0059] II. Workflow for different scenarios

[0060] Based on the above determination results, the controller executes the following three workflows:

[0061] 1. Normal operating procedure.

[0062] When the controller determines that the seeding channel is filling normally, the system is in normal operation. The baffle remains in its initial position, blocking the seed outlet area corresponding to the reseeding channel. Seeds in the seeding channel are discharged normally as the seed metering wheel rotates to the seed outlet. Although the reseeding channel is filled with seeds simultaneously, its seed outlet is closed by the baffle, and the seeds are kept in the seed protection area as the seed metering wheel rotates back to the filling area, in a standby state. During this process, the controller does not issue any action commands to the reseeding mechanism.

[0063] 2. Replanting process when the sowing channel is missing seeds but the replanting channel is available.

[0064] When the controller determines that the seeding channel holes are missing seeds and the seeding channel holes are filled normally, the system starts the reseeding process.

[0065] (1) Decision and calculation: The controller decides to switch the baffle for replanting. At the same time, the controller calculates the theoretical time required to move from the detection point to the seed outlet based on the real-time speed feedback from the motor, and sets it as the replanting delay time.

[0066] (2) Replanting: The controller starts timing and immediately sends an action command to the translation drive component (such as an electromagnet) when the replanting delay time ends. The electromagnet drives the baffle to move axially, switching it to block the seed outlet area corresponding to the sowing channel, while simultaneously opening the seed outlet area corresponding to the replanting channel. At this time, the replanting channel hole, which was originally in standby mode, moves to the seed outlet, and the seeds inside are discharged, completing a precise replanting.

[0067] (3) Reset: After the replanting action is completed, the controller controls the electromagnet to be de-energized. The translation drive component drives the baffle to automatically reset and return to the initial position (i.e., to block the replanting channel again), and the system then returns to the standby state of normal operation.

[0068] 3. Replanting procedure when both the sowing channel and the replanting channel are missing seeds.

[0069] When the controller determines that both the seeding channel and the replanting channel are missing seeds, the system initiates an accelerated replanting process. This invention employs an accelerated replanting method even when both seed holes at the detection point are missing seeds, unlike existing technologies that use accelerated replanting throughout the entire process, thus significantly reducing the defects associated with accelerated replanting.

[0070] (1) Decision and calculation: The controller decides to execute accelerated reseeding (speed control). The controller calculates the time required for the next set of holes (one for sowing and one for reseeding) to reach the seed outlet at the current speed.

[0071] (2) Execute accelerated reseeding: The controller immediately increases the motor drive speed to accelerate the rotation of the seed metering wheel. When the next set of seed holes moves to the detection point and is determined by the second sensor to be that at least one channel is filled with seeds normally, the controller recalculates the reseeding delay time based on the rotation speed at this time, and reseedes the seeding process or the seeding channel missing seeding process according to the normal operation process, and discharges the seeds in the seed-filled seed holes.

[0072] (3) Reset: After the replanting is completed, the controller first restores the motor speed to the normal operating value, and then controls the baffle to reset to the initial position, and the system returns to the normal standby state.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A seed metering device with replanting function includes a double-row mechanical seed metering device and the sowing omission detection and replanting system of Embodiment 1; the replanting channel and the sowing channel are switched by switching the initial position of the baffle through the controller. The adaptive adjustment of the controller program during channel switching is a conventional design for those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0075] In this embodiment, a seed metering device with a replanting function is mounted on a peanut planter to achieve precision planting operations.

[0076] The parts not mentioned in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0077] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sowing omission detection and reseeding system, installed on a double-row mechanical seed metering device, the double-row mechanical seed metering device comprising a housing and a seed metering wheel located within the housing, a motor driving the seed metering wheel to rotate within the housing, the seed metering wheel having two rows of shaped holes arranged parallel along the axial direction, each row of shaped holes including multiple circumferentially evenly arranged shaped holes, the circumferential sidewall of the housing having a seed metering opening whose axial dimension covers two shaped holes, characterized in that: The double-row mechanical seed metering device uses one row of holes as the sowing channel and the other row as the reseeding channel. The system includes a detection mechanism, a reseeding mechanism, and a controller. The detection mechanism includes a sensor mounting bracket, a first sensor for triggering a missed seed detection timing signal, and two second sensors for detecting whether seeds are present in the two holes along the axis. The reseeding mechanism includes a baffle and a translation drive assembly. The baffle, whose axial dimension covers one hole, is set in the seed metering port, and the translation drive assembly drives the baffle to translate axially within the seed metering port. The first sensor, the second sensor, the translation drive assembly, and the motor that drives the seed metering wheel are all connected to the controller. The controller is used to perform delay calculation and decision-making logic: the controller calculates the linear velocity of the seed metering wheel based on the real-time speed signal fed back by the motor, and calculates the theoretical time for the missing seed hole to reach the seed metering port based on the fixed arc length distance from the detection point to the seed metering port, which is used as the replanting delay time; at the same time, the controller decides on the corresponding replanting control command based on the combination of missing seed information fed back by the two second sensors, and executes the replanting control command after the replanting delay time. The replanting control commands executed by the controller include baffle switching and speed control. Baffle switching is performed by an electromagnet driving the baffle to move axially. When the two second sensors detect that the holes in the sowing channel are missing seeds and the holes in the replanting channel are filled with seeds, the controller controls the baffle to move and block the sowing channel with missing seeds, and the replanting channel opens for replanting. Speed ​​control is performed by a motor controlling the speed of the seed metering wheel. When the two second sensors detect that both the holes in the sowing channel and the replanting channel are missing seeds, the speed of the seed metering wheel is increased and combined with baffle switching, the next set of seeds is discharged from the holes.

2. The sowing omission detection and reseeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition is installed inside the housing to divide the space inside the housing into a seed filling area and a seed protection area. In the detection mechanism, the first sensor is an optical fiber sensor and the second sensor is a diffuse reflection laser switch. Both the first and second sensors are fixed in the seed filling area by a sensor mounting bracket and are set directly opposite the shaped hole in the seed protection area. The partition and the circumferential sidewall of the housing are provided with three detection holes corresponding to the first and second sensors.

3. The sowing omission detection and reseeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two second sensors are arranged along the axial direction; the first sensor and one of the second sensors are arranged circumferentially, with the first sensor located between the second sensor and the seeding port in the circumferential direction.

4. The sowing omission detection and reseeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip-shaped mounting hole is provided on the housing, and the sensor mounting bracket is fixed in the strip-shaped mounting hole in an adjustable position; a strip-shaped mounting hole is provided on the sensor mounting bracket, and both the first sensor and the second sensor are fixed in the strip-shaped mounting hole in an adjustable position.

5. A sowing omission detection and reseeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the replanting mechanism, the translation drive component includes an electromagnet, a mounting base, and a detachable rigid connector. The mounting base is fixed relative to the housing, the electromagnet is fixed on the mounting base, and the baffle is connected to the power output end of the electromagnet through the rigid connector.

6. A sowing omission detection and reseeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle is an arc-shaped plate structure that matches the circumferential arc surface of the seeding wheel, and the inner side of the baffle is flush with the inner side of the shell.

7. A sowing omission detection and reseeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is used to execute the seed absence detection and judgment logic: the controller takes the signal of the hole interval detected by the first sensor as the trigger moment and opens a detection time window of preset duration; within the detection time window, the controller reads the signal of the second sensor; if the second sensor returns a signal that the seed is blocking the light path, it is determined that the hole is carrying the seed normally. If no signal of seed blocking the light path is detected by the end of the detection time window, the hole is determined to be missing a seed.

8. A seed metering device with a replanting function, characterized in that: It includes a double-row mechanical seed metering device and a seeding miss detection and reseeding system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; the reseeding channel and the seeding channel are switched by switching the initial position of the baffle through the controller.

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