Multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture, the multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine comprises a solid fertilizer storage bin and a liquid fertilizer storage tank, and the solid fertilizer storage bin and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are each provided with an independent metering conveying device; the system further comprises a local controller, a soil monitoring sensor and a cloud platform which are connected through a network, the soil monitoring sensor is used for collecting soil monitoring data, and the cloud platform is used for generating a fertilization decision according to the soil monitoring data, a preset crop growth model and a soil fertility model. The local controller is used for controlling the metering conveying device according to the fertilization decision, so that the metering conveying device conveys the solid fertilizer and the liquid fertilizer into the fertilizer barrel according to a preset proportion and flow to be mixed with the irrigation water. The precise fertilization decision aiming at the current soil and crop conditions is calculated through the cloud platform, and the working parameters of the metering and conveying device of various fertilizers are adjusted by the fertilizer applicator, so that the closed-loop control of precise fertilization is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular to a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things. It can use both liquid and solid fertilizers, and integrates functions such as high-flow-rate, wide-range fertilization, convenient human-machine interaction, remote control, and online management. It aims to improve the accuracy, convenience, and intelligence of agricultural water and fertilizer management, and is widely applicable to various agricultural planting scenarios such as farmland, orchards, and greenhouses. Background Technology

[0002] In modern agricultural production, water and fertilizer management is a key link in ensuring crop yield and quality. However, traditional fertilization and irrigation methods are often separate, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also makes it difficult to accurately control the water and fertilizer ratio and application amount, which can easily lead to water waste or environmental pollution caused by fertilizer excess.

[0003] With the development of agricultural technology, although some integrated water and fertilizer equipment has emerged, there are still many limitations. For example, most existing devices are only suitable for liquid or solid single fertilizers. The use of fertilizers with different properties requires additional complex conversion processes, which increases costs and operational difficulty, and cannot meet the diverse needs of different fertilizer types.

[0004] Furthermore, the lack of intuitive and user-friendly interfaces in human-computer interaction makes it difficult for farmers to quickly learn the technology, and most systems only support a single language, hindering the technology's promotion to multiple regions and populations. Simultaneously, the absence or inadequacy of remote control functionality prevents growers from adjusting water and fertilizer supply based on real-time crop conditions, hindering refined and intelligent management and severely restricting the efficient development of modern agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problem that existing fertilizer applicators are only compatible with liquid or solid single fertilizers and are inconvenient to operate, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, so as to at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank, both of which are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. It also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network. The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data. The cloud platform is used to generate fertilization decisions based on the soil monitoring data and preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller is used to control the metering and delivery device based on the fertilization decisions, so that the metering and delivery device delivers solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer to the fertilizer tank at a preset ratio and flow rate to mix with irrigation water.

[0007] In some preferred embodiments, the fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and determines the flow rate and proportion of each based on the type of solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the metering and conveying device determines the conveying flow rate of solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer through a flow sensor.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the system further includes a temperature sensor for detecting soil temperature and fertilizer storage temperature, a pH sensor for detecting the acidity and conductivity of the fertilizer solution, and an EC sensor, all of which are connected to the cloud platform via a network.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, a field configuration screen for human-machine interaction is also included. The field configuration screen is connected to the local controller and is used to display one or more of the following: the operating data of the integrated water and fertilizer machine, the soil monitoring data, and fault prompt information.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, a voice module for human-computer interaction is also included. The voice module is connected to the local controller and is used to recognize voice commands issued by the on-site user and to provide feedback to the on-site user via voice.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, a remote APP and / or web interface for human-computer interaction is also included, wherein the remote APP and web interface are communicatively connected to the local controller and / or the cloud platform.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the cloud platform is also used to store and back up fertilization data from the integrated water and fertilizer machine, the soil monitoring data, and user operation records generated through human-computer interaction.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the cloud platform is also used to integrate and analyze fertilization data from the fertigation machine and publish it in the form of visual reports.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the cloud platform is connected to two or more integrated water and fertilizer machines. The cloud platform aggregates and shares fertilization data from multiple integrated water and fertilizer machines to achieve regional management and decision-making for agricultural fertilization.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention using the above technical solution are as follows: The cloud platform in this invention, based on various data transmitted by the sensor unit and combined with crop growth and soil fertility models, performs background calculations and analysis to arrive at precise fertilization decisions tailored to the current soil and crop conditions. This includes dynamic adjustment of fertilizer application rates and optimization of fertilizer formulations. The decision instructions are then sent back to the fertilizer applicator to automatically adjust the operating parameters of the fertilizer metering and delivery device, achieving closed-loop control for precise fertilization. Compared to existing technologies, this method eliminates the need for complex manual operation and is compatible with both liquid and solid fertilizers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline layout of a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation steps of a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0019] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the description of the structure of this invention shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] The terms "first" and "second" in this technical solution are merely designations for corresponding structures that are identical or similar, or that perform similar functions. They do not represent an arrangement of the importance of these structures, nor do they imply any ranking, comparison of size, or other meaning.

[0021] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two structures. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention by considering the overall concept of the invention and the specific context of the solution.

[0022] Example 1 This invention provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which is an improvement on the water and fertilizer integrated machine disclosed in the prior art.

[0023] This embodiment provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank. Both the solid fertilizer storage silo and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. These devices can independently control the flow rate of both solid and liquid fertilizers. When the two metering and conveying devices work together, they can also control the conveying ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers. If the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in each are also determined, then the final nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the delivered fertilizer will also be determined. Therefore, when the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, only the independent control of the flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through the metering and conveying devices is needed to ensure that the final delivered fertilizer (with the required nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content) meets the fertilization requirements. Figure 1 This embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the pipeline layout for a multifunctional integrated water and fertilizer machine based on the Internet of Things.

[0024] This embodiment provides a multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network.

[0025] The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data, such as soil moisture and nutrient information. The cloud platform receives the soil monitoring data from the sensors via the network, and then generates fertilization decisions based on this data, combined with preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller receives the fertilization decisions generated by the cloud platform via the network, and then controls the metering and delivery device to deliver solid and liquid fertilizers to the fertilizer tank at preset ratios and flow rates. This fertilizer-containing irrigation water, when applied to the soil, ensures that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil meet the conditions for current crop growth.

[0026] The fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Given that the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, the discharge flow rate and ratio of the solid fertilizer storage silo and liquid fertilizer storage tank can be determined through simple calculations. This is performed by the metering and conveying device, which specifically determines the conveying flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through its configured flow sensors.

[0027] Example 2 This invention provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which is an improvement on the water and fertilizer integrated machine disclosed in the prior art.

[0028] For example, this embodiment provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integration machine based on the Internet of Things, which includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank. Both the solid fertilizer storage silo and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. These devices can independently control the flow rate of both solid and liquid fertilizers. When the two metering and conveying devices work together, they can also control the conveying ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers. If the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in each are also determined, then the final nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the delivered fertilizer will also be determined. Therefore, when the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, it is only necessary to independently control the flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through the metering and conveying devices to ensure that the final delivered fertilizer (with the required nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content) meets the fertilization requirements.

[0029] This embodiment provides a multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network.

[0030] The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data, such as soil moisture and nutrient information. The cloud platform receives the soil monitoring data from the sensors via the network, and then generates fertilization decisions based on this data, combined with preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller receives the fertilization decisions generated by the cloud platform via the network, and then controls the metering and delivery device to deliver solid and liquid fertilizers to the fertilizer tank at preset ratios and flow rates. This fertilizer-containing irrigation water, when applied to the soil, ensures that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil meet the conditions for current crop growth.

[0031] The fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Given that the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, the discharge flow rate and ratio of the solid fertilizer storage silo and liquid fertilizer storage tank can be determined through simple calculations. This is performed by the metering and conveying device, which specifically determines the conveying flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through its configured flow sensors.

[0032] Building upon this foundation, temperature, pH, and EC sensors are further provided. The temperature sensor detects soil temperature and fertilizer storage temperature, while the pH and EC sensors detect the acidity / alkalinity and conductivity of the fertilizer solution, respectively. All three sensors are connected to a cloud platform via a network. Additionally, a flow sensor is configured to monitor irrigation water flow data, allowing for the tracking of changes in irrigation water flow. This flow sensor is also connected to the cloud platform via a network.

[0033] Example 3 This invention provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which is an improvement on the water and fertilizer integrated machine disclosed in the prior art.

[0034] For example, this embodiment provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integration machine based on the Internet of Things, which includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank. Both the solid fertilizer storage silo and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. These devices can independently control the flow rate of both solid and liquid fertilizers. When the two metering and conveying devices work together, they can also control the conveying ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers. If the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in each are also determined, then the final nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the delivered fertilizer will also be determined. Therefore, when the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, it is only necessary to independently control the flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through the metering and conveying devices to ensure that the final delivered fertilizer (with the required nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content) meets the fertilization requirements.

[0035] This embodiment provides a multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network.

[0036] The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data, such as soil moisture and nutrient information. The cloud platform receives the soil monitoring data from the sensors via the network, and then generates fertilization decisions based on this data, combined with preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller receives the fertilization decisions generated by the cloud platform via the network, and then controls the metering and delivery device to deliver solid and liquid fertilizers to the fertilizer tank at preset ratios and flow rates. This fertilizer-containing irrigation water, when applied to the soil, ensures that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil meet the conditions for current crop growth.

[0037] The fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Given that the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, the discharge flow rate and ratio of the solid fertilizer storage silo and liquid fertilizer storage tank can be determined through simple calculations. This is performed by the metering and conveying device, which specifically determines the conveying flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through its configured flow sensors.

[0038] Based on this, a field configuration screen for human-machine interaction is further provided. The field configuration screen is connected to the local controller and is used to display one or more of the following: the operation data of the water and fertilizer integrated machine, soil monitoring data, and fault prompt information.

[0039] The operating data of the integrated water and fertilizer machine includes operating mode, fertilizer supply status, set values ​​and actual values ​​of fertilizer application for each element, and other operation-related data.

[0040] Example 4 This invention provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which is an improvement on the water and fertilizer integrated machine disclosed in the prior art.

[0041] For example, this embodiment provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integration machine based on the Internet of Things, which includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank. Both the solid fertilizer storage silo and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. These devices can independently control the flow rate of both solid and liquid fertilizers. When the two metering and conveying devices work together, they can also control the conveying ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers. If the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in each are also determined, then the final nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the delivered fertilizer will also be determined. Therefore, when the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, it is only necessary to independently control the flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through the metering and conveying devices to ensure that the final delivered fertilizer (with the required nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content) meets the fertilization requirements.

[0042] This embodiment provides a multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network.

[0043] The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data, such as soil moisture and nutrient information. The cloud platform receives the soil monitoring data from the sensors via the network, and then generates fertilization decisions based on this data, combined with preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller receives the fertilization decisions generated by the cloud platform via the network, and then controls the metering and delivery device to deliver solid and liquid fertilizers to the fertilizer tank at preset ratios and flow rates. This fertilizer-containing irrigation water, when applied to the soil, ensures that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil meet the conditions for current crop growth.

[0044] The fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Given that the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, the discharge flow rate and ratio of the solid fertilizer storage silo and liquid fertilizer storage tank can be determined through simple calculations. This is performed by the metering and conveying device, which specifically determines the conveying flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through its configured flow sensors.

[0045] Building upon this, a voice module for human-computer interaction is further provided. The voice module is connected to the local controller and is used to recognize voice commands issued by on-site users and to provide feedback to on-site users via voice.

[0046] In this system, voice commands issued by on-site users, such as starting, stopping, or modifying fertilization data, are executed by the local controller upon receipt. The system also provides voice feedback to on-site users, indicating the status of the local controller's execution of the given voice commands. This enables on-site human-machine voice interaction.

[0047] Example 5 This invention provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which is an improvement on the water and fertilizer integrated machine disclosed in the prior art.

[0048] For example, this embodiment provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integration machine based on the Internet of Things, which includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank. Both the solid fertilizer storage silo and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. These devices can independently control the flow rate of both solid and liquid fertilizers. When the two metering and conveying devices work together, they can also control the conveying ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers. If the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in each are also determined, then the final nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the delivered fertilizer will also be determined. Therefore, when the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, it is only necessary to independently control the flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through the metering and conveying devices to ensure that the final delivered fertilizer (with the required nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content) meets the fertilization requirements.

[0049] This embodiment provides a multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network.

[0050] The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data, such as soil moisture and nutrient information. The cloud platform receives the soil monitoring data from the sensors via the network, and then generates fertilization decisions based on this data, combined with preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller receives the fertilization decisions generated by the cloud platform via the network, and then controls the metering and delivery device to deliver solid and liquid fertilizers to the fertilizer tank at preset ratios and flow rates. This fertilizer-containing irrigation water, when applied to the soil, ensures that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil meet the conditions for current crop growth.

[0051] The fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Given that the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, the discharge flow rate and ratio of the solid fertilizer storage silo and liquid fertilizer storage tank can be determined through simple calculations. This is performed by the metering and conveying device, which specifically determines the conveying flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through its configured flow sensors.

[0052] Building upon this, a remote APP and / or web interface for human-computer interaction is further provided. The remote APP and / or web interface can communicate with the local controller or connect to the cloud platform via a network, thus enabling both local control and remote operation.

[0053] Users can remotely view the operating parameters and historical fertilization records of the fertilizer applicator in real time via a remote APP and / or web interface. They can also remotely set fertilization plans, including fertilization time, fertilization amount, and fertilizer type selection. At the same time, they can also receive fault alarm information from the fertilizer applicator, realizing comprehensive remote monitoring and operation of the fertilizer applicator.

[0054] Example 6 This invention provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which is an improvement on the water and fertilizer integrated machine disclosed in the prior art.

[0055] For example, this embodiment provides a multifunctional water and fertilizer integration machine based on the Internet of Things, which includes a solid fertilizer storage silo and a liquid fertilizer storage tank. Both the solid fertilizer storage silo and the liquid fertilizer storage tank are equipped with independent metering and conveying devices. These devices can independently control the flow rate of both solid and liquid fertilizers. When the two metering and conveying devices work together, they can also control the conveying ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers. If the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in each are also determined, then the final nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the delivered fertilizer will also be determined. Therefore, when the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, it is only necessary to independently control the flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through the metering and conveying devices to ensure that the final delivered fertilizer (with the required nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content) meets the fertilization requirements.

[0056] It is easy to understand that there is not just one solid fertilizer storage silo and one liquid fertilizer storage tank; there can be more than two, and the fertilizers stored can be the same or different, depending on the actual usage.

[0057] This embodiment provides a multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, which also includes a local controller, soil monitoring sensors, and a cloud platform connected via a network.

[0058] The soil monitoring sensors are used to collect soil monitoring data, such as soil moisture and nutrient information. The cloud platform receives the soil monitoring data from the sensors via the network, and then generates fertilization decisions based on this data, combined with preset crop growth and soil fertility models. The local controller receives the fertilization decisions generated by the cloud platform via the network, and then controls the metering and delivery device to deliver solid and liquid fertilizers to the fertilizer tank at preset ratios and flow rates. This fertilizer-containing irrigation water, when applied to the soil, ensures that the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil meet the conditions for current crop growth.

[0059] The fertilization decision includes data on the dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Given that the types of solid and liquid fertilizers are determined, the discharge flow rate and ratio of the solid fertilizer storage silo and liquid fertilizer storage tank can be determined through simple calculations. This is performed by the metering and conveying device, which specifically determines the conveying flow rate and ratio of solid and liquid fertilizers through its configured flow sensors.

[0060] Based on this, the cloud platform can be further configured to store and back up fertilization data, soil monitoring data, and user operation records generated through human-computer interaction from the integrated water and fertilizer machine.

[0061] Meanwhile, the cloud platform can also be used to integrate and analyze fertilization data from the integrated water and fertilizer machine and publish it in the form of visual reports, such as for users, agricultural research institutions, and management departments to view and study.

[0062] The cloud platform can also connect to two or more integrated water and fertilizer machines via a network, enabling the cloud platform to aggregate and share fertilization data from multiple integrated water and fertilizer machines, thereby achieving regionalized management and decision-making for agricultural fertilization.

[0063] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a multifunctional water and fertilizer integration machine based on the Internet of Things, which specifically includes the following implementation processes: S1. Body assembly; S2. On-site deployment; S3. Pipeline connection; S4. Fertilizer processing; S5. On-site debugging; S6. Human-machine interaction implementation; S7. Remote terminal implementation; S8. IoT remote control; S9. Sensor installation and debugging; S10. Intelligent decision-making implementation.

[0064] S1: The main body of the multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things provided in this embodiment is the water and fertilizer integrated machine (hereinafter referred to as the fertilizer applicator), which is mainly divided into mechanical and electrical parts. The mechanical part is used for the overall construction of the fertilizer applicator, and the electrical part is used to introduce three-phase high-voltage electric drive through voltage conversion devices, corresponding relays, frequency converters, and on-site configuration panels, etc. The mechanical part is assembled first, and the main frame of the fertilizer applicator is built up, ensuring that all components are firmly connected without any signs of loosening. High-strength bolts are used to fix key connecting parts, such as the support legs and chassis, pump body and base, etc., to ensure the overall structural stability and the ability to withstand vibration and pressure during operation. The core components such as water pump and filter are installed in sequence. The water pump must be precisely coupled with the motor to ensure concentricity and avoid additional wear and energy loss during operation. The filter is installed at the front end of the water inlet to ensure that the water entering the system is clean and free of impurities that block subsequent pipelines.

[0065] After the mechanical parts of the fertilizer applicator are installed, the electrical parts are installed next. This includes installing the appropriate relays, frequency converters, and on-site configuration panels according to strict design specifications. Next, the wiring is connected, taking into account the circuit power requirements and selecting appropriate wires to ensure safe, stable, and long-term operation. Power-on testing can only be conducted after the electrical parts are fully installed and thoroughly tested.

[0066] Furthermore, a field configuration panel with touch functionality, high resolution, and industrial-grade durability was selected to ensure stable operation in farmland environments. A simple and intuitive layout was adopted, with large icons indicating fertilization parameters and equipment status.

[0067] S2: Further, based on this, select a flat location close to water and power supply facilities for deployment to ensure the shortest possible distance between power lines and water supply pipelines, thereby reducing energy loss and costs.

[0068] Furthermore, considering the convenience of daily maintenance of the equipment, at least 1 square meter of operating space is reserved around it.

[0069] Furthermore, for fertilizer applicators deployed outdoors, supporting facilities for sun and rain protection should be constructed. To ensure the fertilizer applicator's resilience to severe weather, it should be secured using support pillars, which should be buried at least 0.5 meters underground and reinforced with concrete.

[0070] Furthermore, install multiple solid and liquid fertilizer storage tanks, selecting tanks made of corrosion-resistant and well-sealed materials. During installation, ensure they are placed horizontally, with rubber shock-absorbing pads placed at the bottom to reduce the impact of vibration on the tanks and connecting pipelines, and ensure that the fertilizer outlet valve operates smoothly without jamming.

[0071] S3: The inlet pipe uses pressure-resistant and aging-resistant PVC pipe, and connects sequentially from the water source to the water pump, filter, and fertilizer applicator body, following the water flow direction. At the connections, high-quality rubber sealing rings are used, and the connections are tightly secured with pipe clamps to ensure no leakage.

[0072] Furthermore, corrosion-resistant PE pipes are used for the fertilization pipelines, connecting the outlet of the fertilizer applicator and the fertilizer tank to the field irrigation network. Special fittings are selected at important locations such as bends and branches to ensure smooth water flow in the pipeline.

[0073] S4: Based on the solubility of different fertilizers, select a suitable fertilizer screening device to remove large or clumpy fertilizer particles. Install a stirring device in the fertilizer storage tank and turn it on regularly to prevent fertilizer sedimentation and stratification, ensuring uniform nutrient distribution with each application. Simultaneously, install a fertilizer concentration monitoring sensor to provide real-time feedback on the fertilizer solution concentration for precise control of the application rate.

[0074] S5: After completing step S4, turn on the water pump and gradually adjust it to the rated flow rate. Observe the operating status of the fertilizer applicator, test the fertilizer system, perform manual fertilization according to the pre-set fertilizer amount, check whether the fertilizer can be accurately and evenly mixed into the water flow, observe the flow of the mixed solution in the pipeline, and check for any blockages or sedimentation.

[0075] Steps S1 to S5 constitute the on-site installation and commissioning part. The following details the implementation part based on the Internet of Things (IoT) function.

[0076] S6: A voice module with high-sensitivity sound pickup and clear voice playback is selected. It needs to support the recognition of multiple common voice command formats, have a certain degree of noise resistance, and be adaptable to the complex environment of farmland. The module is integrated near the fertilizer applicator control motherboard (i.e., local controller) and connected to it via a serial port or SPI interface to ensure stable data transmission.

[0077] Furthermore, a voice command library is established, including commonly used operation commands such as "start fertilization", "stop fertilization", and "increase the amount of fertilizer by 10%". After the user speaks the command, the voice module can quickly and accurately recognize it.

[0078] Furthermore, during the operation of the fertilizer applicator, when key states such as water pump start-up and stop, fertilizer application rate adjustment, or system malfunction occur, the voice module automatically broadcasts the corresponding information.

[0079] Furthermore, the voice module was repeatedly tested under different environmental noise conditions to adjust the voice recognition parameters, improve recognition accuracy, and ensure smooth and reliable voice interaction.

[0080] S7: Develop an app compatible with mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, and a web-based terminal for PCs. It should be able to connect to the fertilizer applicator's local controller via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi for short-range wireless control, or be operated remotely. The terminal design should be simple and aesthetically pleasing, with a clear functional layout that corresponds to the functions of the on-site control panel, allowing users to perform fertilization operations anytime, anywhere.

[0081] S8: The fertilizer applicator is equipped with an IoT communication module, such as a 4G or NB-IoT module, to connect the device to a cloud platform. A device management account is configured on the cloud platform, allowing users to remotely access the fertilizer applicator by logging in via the internet.

[0082] Furthermore, a three-tiered access system is designed, consisting of users, scheduling administrators, and operations and maintenance personnel. Each level of access has different areas to access and different functions to perform.

[0083] Furthermore, the system includes modules for developers, device management and maintenance, and user data and access control. Interactive design is implemented for user-facing software to optimize user experience, and subsequent platform maintenance and software upgrades are carried out.

[0084] Furthermore, it enables the issuance and reception of remote control commands, allowing users to remotely control the fertilizer applicator via network signals, including remotely starting, stopping, and adjusting fertilization strategies. S9: For temperature sensors, select products with high accuracy, strong stability, and compatibility with the 485 interface communication protocol, based on the temperature range of the fertilizer storage environment, to ensure accurate capture of changes in ambient and solution temperature. pH sensors should have highly sensitive digital electrodes to quickly and accurately measure acidity and alkalinity in complex fertilizer solution systems; their measurement range and accuracy must meet fertilizer monitoring requirements. Similarly, EC sensors should accurately measure conductivity to reflect fertilizer concentration. Flow sensors should be selected with appropriate ranges based on pipe diameter and flow range to ensure accurate flow monitoring.

[0085] Furthermore, during installation, the temperature sensor must be installed in a location that represents the average temperature of fertilizer storage and the typical temperature during solution flow, avoiding direct sunlight, heat source interference, and other factors that could affect measurement accuracy. The pH and EC sensors should be installed using standard immersion methods, placed in the main pipeline or sampling port of the storage tank through which the fertilizer solution flows, ensuring full electrode contact with the solution. The flow sensor should be installed in a straight pipe section, with sufficient length reserved before and after for stable flow.

[0086] Furthermore, after the host computer completes the data reception and preliminary processing, it uploads the data to the cloud platform at a set frequency through the network module. The cloud platform then pushes the data to the user terminal in real time, realizing efficient data flow and visualization.

[0087] S10: After accurately collecting various data from the sensors in S9, and based on factors such as different crop growth characteristics and local soil types, a precise crop growth model and soil fertility model are established and entered into the cloud platform for analysis. Upon receiving the data, the cloud platform quickly calls the built-in models for calculation, comprehensively considering the crop's nutrient requirements at its current growth stage, and determines the dynamic adjustment range for fertilizer application.

[0088] Furthermore, precise fertilization decisions are made, and instructions are transmitted to the fertilizer applicator control system. The fertilizer applicator automatically adjusts the parameters of the fertilizer metering and delivery device according to the instructions to achieve precise fertilization. At the same time, the fertilization execution status is fed back to the cloud platform for subsequent optimization, forming a closed-loop control.

[0089] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: The solid-state fertilizer storage bin and the liquid-state fertilizer storage tank are each provided with an independent metering and conveying device; The local controller, the soil monitoring sensor and the cloud platform connected through a network are further included, the soil monitoring sensor is used to collect soil monitoring data, the cloud platform is used to generate a fertilization decision according to the soil monitoring data and a preset crop growth model and soil fertility model, and the local controller is used to control the metering and conveying device according to the fertilization decision, so that the metering and conveying device conveys the solid-state fertilizer and the liquid-state fertilizer into the fertilizer barrel according to a preset proportion and flow rate for mixing with irrigation water.

2. The multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization decision includes the use amount data of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, and the type of the solid-state fertilizer and the liquid-state fertilizer is combined to determine the respective flow rate and proportion.

3. The multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metering and conveying device determines the conveying flow rate of the solid-state fertilizer and the liquid-state fertilizer through a flow sensor.

4. The multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor for detecting soil temperature information and fertilizer storage temperature information, the pH sensor and the EC sensor for the pH value information and the conductivity information of the fertilizer solution are further included, and the temperature sensor, the pH sensor and the EC sensor are connected with the cloud platform through a network.

5. The multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-site configuration screen for human-computer interaction is further included, the on-site configuration screen is connected with the local controller, and the on-site configuration screen is used to display one or more of the operation data of the water-fertilizer integrated machine, the soil monitoring data and fault prompt information. 6.The Internet of Things based multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voice module for human-computer interaction is further included, the voice module is connected with the local controller, and the voice module is used to recognize the voice instructions issued by the on-site user and to feed back information to the on-site user in the form of voice. 7.The Internet of Things based multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote APP and / or web page for human-computer interaction are further included, and the remote APP and web page are in communication connection with the local controller and / or the cloud platform. 8.The multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that: The cloud platform is further used to store and back up the fertilization data from the water-fertilizer integrated machine, the soil monitoring data and the user operation records generated through human-computer interaction.

9. The multifunctional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cloud platform is further used to publish the fertilization data from the water-fertilizer integrated machine in the form of a visual report after integrated analysis.

10. The multi-functional water and fertilizer integrated machine based on Internet of Things according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cloud platform is connected with two or more water-fertilizer integrated machines, and the cloud platform realizes regional management and decision-making of agricultural fertilization by aggregating and sharing the fertilization data from multiple water-fertilizer integrated machines.

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