Shelter for high-density edible mushroom planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a shelter for high-density edible mushroom planting, and relates to the technical field of edible mushroom industrial cultivation equipment. Comprising a shelter body and an external environment control device. A high-pressure cabin is arranged at one end in the square cabin main body, a negative-pressure cabin is formed at the other end, and a plurality of movable multi-layer planting goods shelves are arranged in the negative-pressure cabin; when the multiple layers of planting goods shelves are closely folded towards one side of the high-pressure cabin, a plurality of continuous horizontal air ducts which are different in height and extend from the high-pressure cabin to the negative-pressure cabin are formed; the environment control device is integrated with an air pipe and fan system, a water tank system and a heat pump system, so that suction, mixing and conveying of external air or internal air circulation can be realized, the air humidity is increased, and the temperature of the air is regulated and controlled; a dynamic pedestrian path is arranged in the shelter body, and picking operation is completed by moving goods. According to the invention, the maximization of the planting space, the uniform and accurate control of the environment and the mechanical operation are realized, and the yield, quality and production efficiency of edible mushrooms are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of equipment technology for industrialized cultivation of edible fungi, specifically a high-density intelligent cultivation cabin for edible fungi that integrates a modular, movable cultivation rack, a pressure chamber uniform air supply system, a full-heat treatment air circulation and ventilation system, and an ultrasonic precision humidification and nutrient supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Factory cultivation of edible fungi is an important direction for the development of modern agriculture. Its core lies in creating a stable and controllable growth environment through artificial facilities to achieve year-round, standardized, and high-efficiency production of edible fungi. Currently, the mainstream cultivation facilities have evolved from traditional greenhouses to containerized environmental control cabins.

[0003] Initially, edible fungi cultivation was mostly carried out in vegetable greenhouses. This method was severely restricted by the natural climate, and production could only be carried out in the limited spring and autumn seasons. Moreover, key environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration fluctuated wildly and could not be precisely controlled, resulting in low yield, uneven quality, poor economic benefits, and high risks.

[0004] To overcome seasonal limitations, the industry has introduced container-based modular units equipped with large-scale air conditioning systems, achieving initial environmental control and driving industry development. However, existing modular units are largely derived from traditional tobacco curing barns, and their environmental control systems suffer from inherent and interconnected drawbacks, severely restricting further improvements in planting density, environmental uniformity, and production efficiency. Specifically, these issues manifest in the following three interdependent aspects: First, the unreasonable airflow organization and spatial layout lead to extremely uneven distribution of environmental parameters. Existing containerized mushroom cultivation systems typically employ a simple airflow pattern with air supply at one end and return at the other, or return air from the top, with crudely designed supply and return air vents. Furthermore, the internal mushroom racks are mostly fixed structures, requiring reserved fixed operating channels, resulting in severe airflow short-circuiting, eddies, and dead zones within the system. Consequently, significant gradients exist in temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration at different locations within the container, especially between mushroom logs on different shelves. This unevenness forces growers to reduce planting density to avoid edge effects, while also causing uneven fruiting, severely impacting the uniformity of yield and quality.

[0005] Secondly, the environmental control logic is outdated, with various parameters interfering with each other and resulting in low precision. Existing systems typically use direct spraying of cold water into the chamber for humidification. The large droplets of this humidifying water easily form a water film on the mushroom surface, inhibiting respiration and even causing disease. Simultaneously, the cold water spray directly causes a sudden drop in temperature within the chamber, resulting in drastic temperature fluctuations. For ventilation, untreated outdoor air is commonly pressurized and directly introduced into the chamber to expel carbon dioxide. This introduces significant temperature shocks in summer or winter, severely disrupting the stable growth environment for mycelium and fruiting bodies. The control methods for temperature, humidity, and gas are mutually restrictive, making it impossible to achieve decoupled and precise control.

[0006] Third, the facilities have low levels of intelligence and mechanization, resulting in shortcomings in pest and disease control. Existing modular facilities lack effective sterilization treatment for incoming air and humidifying water, leading to a higher risk of disease. Furthermore, the handling of mushroom spawn, including loading, unloading, relocation, and daily management, relies heavily on manual labor, resulting in high labor intensity and low efficiency. The lack of precise light control and nutrient supplementation methods for different growth stages of edible fungi limits quality improvement and variety expansion.

[0007] In summary, existing edible mushroom cultivation modular units have systemic shortcomings in terms of space utilization, environmental uniformity, control precision, and production automation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel high-density edible mushroom cultivation modular unit design that can simultaneously address the following core technical issues: 1. How to reconstruct the airflow organization and spatial layout inside the cabin to achieve ultra-high density planting while ensuring that the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of each growth microenvironment are highly uniform.

[0008] 2. How to design an efficient, energy-saving, and non-interfering environmental control logic to completely eliminate temperature and humidity fluctuations caused by humidification and ventilation processes, and achieve independent and precise control of various environmental parameters.

[0009] 3. How to integrate modular and mechanized design with air / water purification, precise lighting and nutrient supply functions to build an intelligent, low-risk, and large-scale efficient production system. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the systemic technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as uneven distribution of environmental parameters, low control precision, insufficient space utilization, and low degree of mechanization, this invention provides a container for high-density edible fungi cultivation. This container integrates a modular movable planting rack system, a pressure chamber-based directional uniform air supply system, a dual-mode air circulation system with full heat treatment, and an ultrasonic precision humidification and nutrient supply system to construct a highly controllable, environmentally uniform, and mechanized intelligent planting unit. This ensures precise, stable, and efficient control of the growth environment while achieving ultra-high-density cultivation of edible fungi.

[0011] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A container for high-density edible fungi cultivation, comprising a container body and an environmental control device; The main body of the modular container has a double-leaf door at one end and an environmental control device installation port at the other end. A high-pressure compartment is located inside the main body of the modular container, near the environmental control device installation port. A negative-pressure compartment is located inside the container body, near the double-leaf door. Several movable multi-layer planting racks are installed between the high-pressure compartment and the negative-pressure compartment inside the main body of the modular container. Each layer of the multi-layer planting rack has a pull-out tray. When all the multi-layer planting racks are tightly closed towards the high-pressure compartment, the trays of the same layer of each multi-layer planting rack together form multiple continuous horizontal air ducts of different heights extending from the high-pressure compartment to the negative-pressure compartment. The environmental control device is an independent box structure installed outside the main body of the cabin. It is connected to the main body of the cabin through the environmental control device installation port. The environmental control device integrates: a duct and fan system for the intake, mixing and delivery of external air or internal air circulation; a water tank system that can increase air humidity in conjunction with the duct and fan system; and a heat pump system that can regulate air temperature in conjunction with the water tank system of the duct and fan system.

[0012] Furthermore, the air duct and fan system includes an axial flow fan, a three-way air duct, an exhaust duct, an air supply duct, and a return air duct. The exhaust duct can introduce external air, the air supply duct is connected to the high-pressure chamber through the installation port of the main body of the cabin, and it can supply air into the high-pressure chamber. The return air duct can draw air from the inside of the negative pressure chamber. The axial flow fan of the duct and fan system is installed inside the air box, and the front side of the air box is connected to the condenser cover plate; the three-way ventilation duct is installed on the top of the air box, and the exhaust air duct and return air duct are connected to the air box through the three-way ventilation duct; the air box, axial flow fan and condenser cover form an air supply channel connected to the high-pressure chamber; electric air valves for controlling the on and off are installed in both the exhaust air duct and the return air duct.

[0013] Furthermore, an air filter is installed at the inlet of the air duct that introduces external air.

[0014] Furthermore, the condenser portion of the heat pump system is housed within the casing structure and thermally coupled to the air supply channel of the duct and fan system. The condenser heats or cools all the air flowing through the air supply channel. The heat pump system includes an evaporator, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, and a vertical liquid storage tank. The evaporator is partially exposed outside the enclosure structure of the environmental control device, and the condenser is installed on the front side of the enclosure structure via a condenser cover and located inside the air supply duct. The evaporator and condenser are connected to a four-way valve, a compressor, and a vertical liquid storage tank via pipelines, forming a complete refrigerant circulation loop.

[0015] Furthermore, several sets of auxiliary electric heating tubes are installed inside the condenser cover, located between the condenser and the air box.

[0016] Furthermore, the water tank system includes a water tank, an ultrasonic generator installed inside the water tank, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, and a nutrient solution addition module; the water tank of the water tank system is a top-opening water tank, the opening of which extends into and connects to the air supply channel, and is located between the axial flow fan and the condenser, so that the mist generated by the ultrasonic generator can flow with the airflow through the condenser and enter the main body of the container; the water tank is connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and a water purifier and a pipeline ultraviolet sterilizer are installed in sequence on the water inlet pipe; the nutrient solution addition module includes a nutrient solution container and a peristaltic pump for quantitatively injecting the nutrient solution into the water tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the enclosure structure of the environmental control device includes a base, columns installed at the four corners of the base, a top cover installed on the top of the columns, and side panels covering the perimeter of the enclosure structure; crossbeams are provided on both sides and the rear side of the enclosure structure, and the two ends of the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the columns. The enclosure structure also houses an electrical distribution box for powering and controlling the ductwork and fan system, heat pump system, and water tank system; the enclosure structure has dustproof nets with aluminum alloy frames and inspection doors on both sides.

[0018] Furthermore, the high-pressure chamber is an area separated at the other end of the main body of the cabin by a partition, and the partition is provided with air outlets that correspond one-to-one with the continuous horizontal air ducts of each layer; the negative pressure chamber is an open area, and a return air inlet for the fan system is provided above the area, and an exhaust fan is provided at the return air inlet.

[0019] Furthermore, between the high-pressure chamber and the negative-pressure chamber of the main body of the modular container, there is a pedestrian passage arranged alongside several multi-layer planting shelves; an openable and closable sealed curtain is provided between the pedestrian passage and the several multi-layer planting shelves. When harvesting edible fungi, the multi-layered planting shelves are moved back row by row to create an L-shaped or T-shaped passageway for pedestrians.

[0020] Furthermore, the bottom of the multi-layer planting rack is equipped with casters; a supplementary lighting device is installed above the tray, and a lifting interface is provided on the side of the tray.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the high-density edible fungus cultivation container provided by this invention achieves the following significant benefits through the systematic integration of a "modular movable cultivation rack and dynamic air duct system," a "full heat treatment dual-mode air circulation and ventilation system," and an "ultrasonic fine humidification and nutrient supply system": 1. It achieves the ultimate utilization of planting space and the uniformity of the growing environment, fundamentally solving the problem of unreasonable airflow organization in existing container houses; Revolutionary increase in planting density: By adopting movable multi-layer planting racks, combined with fixed walkways and openable / closable sealed curtains, dynamic switching between "planting mode" and "operation mode" is achieved. In planting mode, all multi-layer planting racks are tightly packed together, maximizing the effective planting area of ​​the container and achieving ultra-high-density planting.

[0022] The airflow organization is highly uniform and stable: When the multi-layer planting shelves are placed side by side, multiple continuous horizontal air ducts at different heights are naturally formed between the trays on each layer, extending from the high-pressure chamber to the negative-pressure chamber. This ensures that equal amounts and pressures of air are evenly distributed to each continuous horizontal air duct. Under the suction of the exhaust fan in the negative-pressure chamber, the airflow forms a stable, unidirectional laminar flow. This design completely eliminates the dead zones, eddies, and temperature differences between the upper and lower parts of the air duct in traditional container houses. This results in a highly uniform distribution of temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration within the three-dimensional space of the container, especially between different layers of planting shelves. This provides a highly consistent and stable growth environment for edible fungi, thereby significantly improving the quality and total yield of edible fungi.

[0023] 2. It achieves precise, decoupled, and stable control of environmental parameters, completely eliminating mutual interference between various control links; Constant temperature and efficient ventilation: Intelligent dual-mode air circulation is achieved through the installation of air intake and return ducts equipped with electric air valves. When CO2 needs to be discharged, outdoor fresh air is first drawn in, preheated or precooled by the condenser of the heat pump system, and then sent to the high-pressure chamber after its temperature matches the set temperature of the cabin. At the same time, the exhaust fan of the negative pressure chamber starts synchronously to discharge an equal amount of high-concentration CO2 air. This ventilation logic of "total heat treatment and isothermal replacement" completely avoids the drastic temperature fluctuations inside the cabin caused by directly introducing fresh air, especially ensuring environmental stability in the hot summer and cold winter.

[0024] Constant temperature, non-destructive humidification: An ultrasonic humidifier generates micron-level cold mist, which is placed in the air supply channel between the fan and the condenser. The mist is first generated by the airflow, then flows through the condenser for temperature regulation, and finally is delivered into the chamber as saturated air with the set temperature and humidity. This "atomization first, temperature adjustment later" process fundamentally solves the problem of sudden temperature drops in the chamber caused by traditional spray humidification, achieving completely independent and precise humidity control. Furthermore, the fine water mist will not form a water film on the surface of edible fungi, eliminating diseases caused by humidification.

[0025] 3. A complete production system integrating intelligence, mechanization, and biosafety has been established, significantly improving production efficiency and product safety; Mechanization and "goods-to-person" operation: Forklift lifting rings are installed on both sides of the pallet, and in conjunction with the movable shelving, heavy-duty operations such as loading, unloading, and transferring mushroom spawn can be carried out by forklifts and cranes, significantly reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency. The unique dynamic pedestrian walkway design maximizes the utilization of the modular unit.

[0026] Precise light control and nutrient supplementation: An RGB adjustable light strip is integrated at the top of each tray, which can precisely control the spectrum, intensity, and cycle of light according to the needs of different fungal species and different growth stages, optimizing the morphology, color, and nutrient composition of edible fungi. Nutrient solution is precisely added to the ultrasonic humidification tank through a peristaltic pump, realizing topdressing of edible fungi in the form of "nutrient aerosol", which has high absorption efficiency and precise and controllable dosage.

[0027] A dual biosafety barrier is implemented: an air filter is installed at the outdoor fresh air inlet to effectively block dust, bacterial spores, and pests; a hollow fiber filter and an ultraviolet sterilizer are connected in series on the water inlet pipe of the ultrasonic humidifier to ensure that the atomized water is sterile and free of impurities. This establishes an effective pathogen isolation barrier from the two key entry points of air and water, significantly reducing the risk of disease occurrence, decreasing reliance on chemical pesticides, and ensuring the green and safe production of edible fungi.

[0028] In summary, this invention, through a series of innovative designs, systematically solves the core problems of low planting density, uneven environment, extensive control, and low efficiency in existing technologies, and provides a complete solution for the industrialized cultivation of edible fungi suitable for large-scale, intelligent, and efficient production, with extremely high economic benefits and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation; Figure 2 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the end face structure of a container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation; Figure 5 and Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the environmental control device for a container for edible fungi cultivation. Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the environmental control device for a container for edible mushroom cultivation. In the diagram, 1-the main body of the mobile cabin, 2-environmental control device; 11- Double-leaf door panel, 12- Environmental control device installation port, 13- High pressure chamber, 14- Negative pressure chamber, 15- Multi-layer planting rack, 16- Pallet, 17- Continuous horizontal air duct, 18- Pedestrian passageway; 131 - Partition; 132 - Air outlet; 141 - Return air outlet; 21-Air duct and fan system, 22-Heat pump system, 23-Water tank system, 24-Auxiliary electric heating tube, 25-Distribution box, 26-Base, 27-Column, 28-Top cover, 29-Side panel, 30-Crossbeam, 31-Dustproof net, 32-Inspection door; 211-Axial flow fan, 212-Three-way ventilation duct, 213-Exhaust air duct, 214-Supply air duct, 215-Return air duct, 216-Electric damper, 217-Air filter, 218-Blowbox; 221-Evaporator, 222-Condenser, 223-Condenser cover, 224-Four-way valve, 225-Compressor, 226-First vertical liquid receiver, 227-Second vertical liquid receiver, 228-Gas-liquid separator, 229-Filter; 231-Water tank, 232-Water purifier, 233-Pipeline ultraviolet sterilizer, 234-Water inlet pipe, 235-Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] This embodiment provides a modular container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation. Its core lies in constructing a highly controllable environment and efficiently utilizing space through structural innovation and system integration. The specific structure of this high-density edible mushroom cultivation modular container is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-density edible mushroom cultivation container mainly consists of two parts: the main container body 1 and the environmental control device 2. Among them, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the main body 1 of the modular shelter is typically converted from an insulated shipping container. One end of the container has a double-leaf door 11 for personnel entry and exit and material handling, while the other end has an installation port 12 for an environmental control device. The interior of the main body 1 is divided into three functional areas along its length: the side near the installation port 12 is the high-pressure chamber 13, the side near the double-leaf door 11 is the negative-pressure chamber 14, and the area between the high-pressure chamber 13 and the negative-pressure chamber 14 is the planting area.

[0034] Within the planting area, a fixed walkway 18 and several rows of movable multi-level planting shelves 15 are arranged in parallel. Both the walkway 18 and the multi-level planting shelves 15 extend along the direction from the high-pressure chamber 13 to the negative-pressure chamber 14, i.e., along the length of the main body 1 of the container. The bottom of the multi-level planting shelves 15 is equipped with pulleys, and two parallel tracks are pre-set on the ground of the main body 1 of the container. The pulleys cooperate with the tracks, allowing each multi-level planting shelf 15 to move independently back and forth along the tracks.

[0035] Its core working principle is: Figure 3 As indicated by the arrows, the environmental control device 2 performs a forced, sequential "inhalation mixing → ultrasonic humidification → heat pump temperature control" synergistic treatment on the air to generate air with the required temperature, humidity, and cleanliness. This air is then evenly distributed through the high-pressure chamber 13, forming a stable, unidirectional laminar flow. This flow horizontally penetrates the continuous horizontal air ducts 17 formed by the converging of multiple layers of planting shelves 15, and is finally drawn back into the negative pressure chamber 14, creating a highly efficient and uniform closed loop. The following provides a detailed description of each subsystem.

[0036] The core subsystems are described in detail below: 1. Movable planting racks and dynamic air duct system: Each row of multi-layer planting shelves 15 is an independent steel structure frame with multiple pallet 16 placement layers. Each layer holds a pull-out pallet 16 for carrying mushroom sticks.

[0037] Dynamic sealing and air duct formation: In planting mode, all multi-layer planting racks 15 move along tracks via pulleys towards the high-pressure chamber 13 until they are tightly closed together. At this point, the gaps between adjacent racks and between the racks and the chamber walls are minimized. More importantly, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the edges of the same-layer trays 16 of each multi-layer planting rack 15 are close to or in contact with each other, and the same-layer trays 16 of each multi-layer planting rack 15 together form multiple continuous horizontal air ducts 17 of different heights extending from the high-pressure chamber 13 to the negative-pressure chamber 14. One end of these continuous horizontal air ducts 17 matches the air outlet 132 of the high-pressure chamber 13, and the other end leads to the negative-pressure chamber 14.

[0038] Operating mode conversion: A transparent, closable, sealed curtain (not shown in the diagram) is suspended between the walkway 18 and each multi-level planting shelf 15. During normal planting, the sealed curtain is closed, separating the walkway 18 from each multi-level planting shelf 15 to ensure stable airflow in each continuous horizontal air duct 17. When management or harvesting of edible fungi is required, the sealed curtain is opened, such as... Figure 3 As shown, each multi-layer planting shelf 15 is moved sequentially towards the negative pressure chamber 14. For example, when managing the first row of multi-layer planting shelves 15 closest to the high-pressure chamber 13, all subsequent multi-layer planting shelves 15 can be moved back, creating a harvesting operation space where the original shelves are right next to each other. The pedestrian aisle 18 is then expanded into an L-shaped or T-shaped flow path, achieving "goods-to-person" operation. After the edible fungus harvesting operation is completed, each multi-layer planting shelf 15 is reset, the sealing curtain is closed, and the high-density planting state is restored.

[0039] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, an RGB adjustable light strip is installed above each pallet 16 of each multi-layer planting shelf 15 to provide precise supplemental lighting; in addition, lifting interfaces, such as lifting rings, are provided on both sides of the pallet 16 to facilitate the mechanized handling of the entire pallet by a forklift.

[0040] 2. Environmental control device 2: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the environmental control device 2 is an independent box structure installed outside the main body 1 of the modular cabin, and is sealed to the environmental control device mounting port 12 of the main body 1 through its front air outlet. This external design maximizes the release of planting space inside the modular cabin. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the enclosure structure of the environmental control device 2 includes a base 26, a column 27, a top cover 28, a side plate 29, and a crossbeam 30. The enclosure structure of the environmental control device 2 is provided with ventilation openings with dustproof nets 31 and inspection doors 32 on both sides.

[0041] The environmental control device 2 integrates the following core systems: Ductwork and fan systems 21: such as Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the duct and fan system 21 is the core of driving and distributing airflow; it includes the following components: Axial flow fan 211: The axial flow fan 211 is a high-volume, low-noise model, such as the FDF-500 axial flow fan from Foshan Fengxing Ventilation Equipment in Guangdong. The axial flow fan 211 is fixedly installed in a sheet metal air box 218 via a fan bracket. The air box 218 serves as an airflow collection and pressurization chamber, with an opening on its front side. Air supply duct 214: A flared condenser cover 223 with a condenser body structure is installed at the front opening of the air box 218. The front side of the condenser cover 223 is exposed outside the housing structure of the environmental control device 2, for connection to the environmental control device mounting port 12 of the main body of the cabin 1. The axial flow fan 211, the air box 218, and the condenser cover 223 together constitute the air supply duct 214. The air supply duct 214 is directly connected to the high-pressure chamber 13 and is the only path for the treated air to enter the main body of the cabin 1. Three-way ventilation duct 212: The three-way ventilation duct 212 is a tee fitting made of PVC or galvanized iron sheet, and its lower end is sealed to the top opening on the rear side of the air box 218; the air box 218 can be connected to the exhaust duct 213 and the return duct 215 through the three-way ventilation duct 212. Exhaust duct 213: The exhaust duct 213 is connected to a horizontal interface of the three-way ventilation duct 212, and the end of the exhaust duct 213 extends to the outside of the box structure for introducing fresh outdoor air. As a preferred technical solution, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, an air filter 217, such as the Yadu YD-AF350 type primary composite filter, is installed at the duct opening to filter pollutants such as dust and spores. Return air duct 215: The return air duct 215 connects to another horizontal interface of the three-way ventilation duct 212, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the return air duct 215 extends into the negative pressure chamber 14 within the main body of the container 1, and is used to draw air from the negative pressure chamber 14. Electric air valve 216: as shown... Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, Honeywell VBF series electrically adjustable dampers are installed near the three-way ventilation duct 212 on the exhaust duct 213 and return duct 215. By controlling the opening and closing of these two dampers and their opening degree, a pure internal circulation mode, a pure fresh air mode, or a mixed mode can be achieved to flexibly adjust the carbon dioxide concentration in the cabin.

[0042] Heat pump system 22: such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the heat pump system 22 is the core of temperature regulation and adopts the principle of air source heat pump; it includes the following components: Condenser 222: The condenser 222 serves as the indoor heat exchanger of the system and adopts a copper tube aluminum finned heat exchanger. The condenser 222 is fixedly installed at the front opening of the condenser cover 223 in the air supply duct 214. The finned surface of the condenser 222 is perpendicular to the airflow direction, ensuring sufficient heat exchange with the air flowing through the air supply duct 214, i.e., thermal coupling. Evaporator 221: The evaporator 221 serves as the outdoor heat exchanger of the system and is also a copper tube aluminum finned type. The outer rotor of the evaporator 221 is exposed outside the casing structure of the environmental control device 2, exchanging heat with the outside air. Compressor 225: The compressor 225 uses a high-efficiency scroll compressor, such as the Copeland ZP series, fixed on the base 26, providing refrigerant circulation power. Piping: Evaporator 221 is connected to four-way valve 224 via piping; condenser 222 is connected to the first vertical liquid receiver 226 and four-way valve 224 via piping; the first vertical liquid receiver 226 is connected to the second vertical liquid receiver 227 via piping and filter 229, and the second vertical liquid receiver 227 is connected to evaporator 221 via piping; gas-liquid separator 228 is connected to compressor 225 and four-way valve 224 via piping, and compressor 225 is connected to four-way valve 224 via piping. These piping connections constitute a complete refrigerant circulation system. An electronic expansion valve is also installed on the piping for precise throttling and control of refrigerant flow.

[0043] Water tank system 23: such as Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the water tank system 23 is responsible for providing clean humidifying mist, and it includes the following components: Water tank 231: such as Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the water tank 231 is a stainless steel water tank with an open top. The water tank 231 is fixedly installed on the base 26 and located below the condenser cover plate 223. The top opening of the water tank 231 extends to the condenser cover plate 223, and this opening is precisely located between the air outlet side of the axial flow fan 211 and the air inlet side of the condenser 222. Ultrasonic generator: The ultrasonic generator is not shown in the figure. The ultrasonic generator uses several sets of ultrasonic atomizing plates, installed at the bottom of the water tank 231. The model can be the Shenzhen Wuwang AS-200 series. During operation, it produces cold mist with a particle size of only 1-5 microns. Water purifier 232: As shown... Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the water purifier 232 is installed on the base 26, using a Pentair BF-10 hollow fiber ultrafiltration water purifier, which can effectively filter out bacteria, colloids, and other impurities. The pipeline-type ultraviolet sterilizer 233: (The text abruptly ends here, likely due to an incomplete translation or source material.) Figure 10As shown, the pipeline-type ultraviolet sterilizer 233 is installed on the rear side of the water tank 231. The pipeline-type ultraviolet sterilizer 233 is connected in series on the water inlet pipe 234 and is located after the water purifier 232. Its model is such as Guangdong Xinjia JX-UVC-40W, which performs instantaneous sterilization on the flowing water. In this embodiment, the water inlet pipe 234 and the drain pipe 235 are made of flexible metal hoses. The water inlet on the column 27, the water purifier 232, the pipeline-type ultraviolet sterilizer 233 and the water inlet of the water tank 231 are connected in sequence through flexible metal hoses to form the water inlet pipe 234; the drain rigid pipe on the base 26 is connected to the drain outlet of the water tank 231 through flexible metal hoses to form the drain pipe 235.

[0044] As a preferred technical solution, a nutrient solution addition module is also installed inside the housing structure. This module includes a nutrient solution container and a Lange peristaltic pump (not shown in the figure). The injection end of the peristaltic pump is connected to the water tank 231 via a hose, allowing for precise pumping of the nutrient solution at a set ratio.

[0045] Auxiliary System: The auxiliary system includes the following components: Auxiliary electric heating element 24: such as Figure 9 As shown, the auxiliary electric heating element 24 consists of multiple sets of stainless steel electric heating elements, installed inside the condenser cover 223, located between the condenser 222 and the air box 218. It activates when the ambient temperature is extremely low and the heat pump's heating capacity is insufficient, assisting in heating the airflow to ensure the supply air temperature. The auxiliary electric heating element 24 can be selected from the Huayuan Heating Energy SRQ model.

[0046] Distribution box 25: such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the distribution box 25 is integrated inside the enclosure and is equipped with circuit breakers, contactors, PLC controllers or temperature and humidity controllers, frequency converters, etc., for receiving sensor signals from inside the cabin and coordinating the control of all components such as fans, heat pumps, humidifiers, and air valves.

[0047] The core process and function of this control device are as follows: an ultrasonic generator produces micron-level cold mist, which is first blown by airflow in the air supply channel 214 and then flows through the condenser 222. At the condenser 222, the air and mist are uniformly conditioned. This "atomization first, temperature regulation later" process ensures that the mist has completed temperature adaptation before being sent into the cabin, completely avoiding the sudden drop in cabin temperature caused by traditional spraying, and achieving non-destructive, constant-temperature humidification. Nutrient solution can be atomized and sent in with the airflow to achieve the function of gas fertilization.

[0048] 3. Pressure chamber and uniform air supply system: Hyperbaric chamber 13: such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4In this embodiment, the high-pressure chamber 13 is formed by a vertically arranged partition 131 within the main body 1 of the cabin. The partition 131 has several air outlets 132, the number and height of which strictly correspond to the continuous horizontal air ducts 17 of each layer. By adjusting the opening size of each air outlet 132, the air volume distributed to the corresponding layer's air duct can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving uniform airflow across all layers.

[0049] Negative pressure chamber 14: such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the negative pressure chamber 14 is an open area located at the end of all continuous horizontal air ducts 17. A return air inlet 141 is provided at its top, and the return air inlet 141 is connected to the return air duct 215. An exhaust fan is installed at the return air inlet 141. The exhaust fan maintains a stable negative pressure in this area, acting like a "suction nozzle" to evenly "draw" the air flowing through each layer of continuous horizontal air ducts 17 into the air supply channel 214, ensuring the uniformity of the longitudinal distribution of airflow.

[0050] Based on the detailed descriptions of each part of the container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation above, the workflow of the container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation is as follows: Air handling process: Axial fan 211 starts, drawing in outdoor fresh air and / or cabin return air in proportion via controlled electric air valve 216. The mixed airflow first passes through the opening of water tank 231, carrying room-temperature micro-mist generated by ultrasonic waves. Subsequently, this humid air is forced through condenser 222, where it is heated or cooled to the set temperature, while the micro-mist is "baked" into vapor at the same temperature as the air. Finally, the clean air with precisely controllable temperature and humidity is delivered into the hyperbaric chamber 13 through air supply duct 214.

[0051] To address the issues of uneven airflow and density: The treated air, under static pressure in the high-pressure chamber 13, is distributed parallel and equally to each continuous horizontal air duct 17 through the uniformly designed air outlets 132 on the partition 131. Under the suction of the negative pressure chamber 14, a stable, unidirectional laminar flow is formed, forcibly penetrating each layer of mushroom logs horizontally. This "forced horizontal uniform airflow" mode completely eliminates vertical temperature differences and airflow dead zones, ensuring a highly consistent temperature, humidity, and air environment for mushroom logs at any location within the chamber. Therefore, there is no need to reduce density to avoid edge effects; all space can be used for cultivation, achieving ultra-high-density planting.

[0052] To address control interference and fluctuation issues: For humidity control, ultrasonic dry fog humidification is employed. The fog is first generated within the air supply channel 214 and then flows through the condenser 222 for temperature adjustment, avoiding the "cold water cooling" effect of traditional spraying. This achieves "decoupling" of humidity regulation from the temperature system and constant-temperature humidification. For ventilation control, during air exchange, fresh air is preheated or pre-cooled by the condenser 222 to reach the set temperature inside the cabin before being introduced. Simultaneously, the exhaust fan is activated for equal-volume replacement. This "total heat treatment isothermal replacement" logic completely isolates the impact of outdoor temperature on the cabin environment. Regarding overall performance, the three key parameters—temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration—are processed collaboratively before air is delivered, achieving independent, precise, and stable control without mutual interference.

[0053] Achieving intelligent and safe production: RGB supplemental lighting enables precise control of light period and spectrum; nutrient solution atomization enables efficient topdressing; air filter 217 and water purification and disinfection equipment construct a dual biosafety barrier of water and air; after the open door panel 11 is opened, the multi-layer planting rack 15 can be moved out of the main body of the container 1 as a whole. The multi-layer planting rack 15 is movable and has a lifting interface with the pallet 16, which provides a foundation for mechanized and automated operations and significantly improves production efficiency and product safety.

[0054] In summary, through the above specific embodiments, this invention constructs a high-density edible fungus cultivation cabin that is completely innovative in terms of spatial layout, airflow organization, and environmental control logic. It systematically solves systemic technical problems such as uneven distribution of environmental parameters, low control precision, insufficient space utilization, and low degree of mechanization, and has significant practicality and advanced features.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation, characterized in that: The container for high-density edible mushroom cultivation includes the main body of the container and an environmental control device; The main body of the modular container has a double-leaf door at one end and an environmental control device installation port at the other end. A high-pressure compartment is located inside the main body of the modular container, near the environmental control device installation port. A negative-pressure compartment is located inside the container body, near the double-leaf door. Several movable multi-layer planting racks are installed between the high-pressure compartment and the negative-pressure compartment inside the main body of the modular container. Each layer of the multi-layer planting rack has a pull-out tray. When all the multi-layer planting racks are tightly closed towards the high-pressure compartment, the trays of the same layer of each multi-layer planting rack together form multiple continuous horizontal air ducts of different heights extending from the high-pressure compartment to the negative-pressure compartment. The environmental control device is an independent box structure installed outside the main body of the cabin. It is connected to the main body of the cabin through the environmental control device installation port. The environmental control device integrates: a duct and fan system for the intake, mixing and delivery of external air or internal air circulation; a water tank system that can increase air humidity in conjunction with the duct and fan system; and a heat pump system that can regulate air temperature in conjunction with the water tank system of the duct and fan system.

2. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air duct and fan system includes an axial flow fan, a three-way air duct, an exhaust duct, an air supply duct, and a return air duct. The exhaust duct can introduce external air, the air supply duct is connected to the high-pressure chamber through the installation port of the main body of the cabin, and it can supply air into the high-pressure chamber. The return air duct can draw air from the inside of the negative pressure chamber. The axial flow fan of the duct and fan system is installed inside the air box, and the front side of the air box is connected to the condenser cover plate; the three-way ventilation duct is installed on the top of the air box, and the exhaust air duct and return air duct are connected to the air box through the three-way ventilation duct; the air box, axial flow fan and condenser cover form an air supply channel connected to the high-pressure chamber; electric air valves for controlling the on and off are installed in both the exhaust air duct and the return air duct.

3. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air duct is equipped with an air filter at the inlet where external air is introduced.

4. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condenser section of the heat pump system is housed within the casing structure and is thermally coupled to the air supply channel of the duct and fan system. The condenser heats or cools all the air flowing through the air supply channel. The heat pump system includes an evaporator, a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, and a vertical liquid storage tank. The evaporator is partially exposed outside the enclosure structure of the environmental control device, and the condenser is installed on the front side of the enclosure structure via a condenser cover and located inside the air supply duct. The evaporator and condenser are connected to a four-way valve, a compressor, and a vertical liquid storage tank via pipelines, forming a complete refrigerant circulation loop.

5. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Inside the condenser cover, several sets of auxiliary electric heating tubes are installed at the position between the condenser and the air box.

6. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water tank system includes a water tank, an ultrasonic generator installed inside the water tank, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, and a nutrient solution addition module. The water tank is a top-opening water tank, with its opening extending into and connecting to the air supply channel. It is positioned between the axial flow fan and the condenser, allowing the mist generated by the ultrasonic generator to flow through the condenser and enter the main body of the container with the airflow. The water tank is connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. A water purifier and a pipeline-type ultraviolet sterilizer are installed sequentially on the water inlet pipe. The nutrient solution addition module includes a nutrient solution container and a peristaltic pump for quantitatively injecting the nutrient solution into the water tank.

7. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure structure of the environmental control device includes a base, columns installed at the four corners of the base, a top cover installed on the top of the columns, and side panels covering the perimeter of the enclosure structure; crossbeams are provided on both sides and the rear side of the enclosure structure, and the two ends of the crossbeams are fixedly connected to the columns. The enclosure structure also houses an electrical distribution box for powering and controlling the ductwork and fan system, heat pump system, and water tank system; the enclosure structure has dustproof nets with aluminum alloy frames and inspection doors on both sides.

8. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure chamber is an area separated from the main body of the cabin by a partition. The partition has air outlets that correspond one-to-one with the continuous horizontal air ducts of each floor. The negative-pressure chamber is an open area with a return air inlet above it to cooperate with the fan system. An exhaust fan is installed at the return air inlet.

9. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between the high-pressure chamber and the negative-pressure chamber of the main body of the container, there is also a pedestrian passage arranged alongside several multi-layer planting shelves; an openable and closable sealed curtain is provided between the pedestrian passage and the several multi-layer planting shelves. When harvesting edible fungi, the multi-layered planting shelves are moved back row by row to create an L-shaped or T-shaped passageway for pedestrians.

10. The container for high-density edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the multi-layer planting rack is equipped with casters; a supplementary lighting device is installed above the tray, and a lifting interface is provided on the side of the tray.

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