Soybean normal distribution planting method and planting equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a soybean normal distribution planting method and planting equipment, and the method comprises the following steps: a ridge body arrangement step: arranging a planting plot to form a planting ridge with an isosceles trapezoid cross section; a layered quantitative fertilization step: sequentially applying a lower layer fertilizer and an upper layer fertilizer below the slopes on the two sides of the planting ridge; a ridge-side double-row precision sowing step: sowing soybean seeds at the positions, above the lower-layer fertilizer and the upper-layer fertilizer, of the slopes on the two sides of the planting ridge. According to the method, the defects of unreasonable sowing layout, insufficient fertilization accuracy, limited group stress resistance and the like of a traditional ridge 3 cultivation technology are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soybean cultivation technology, specifically to a normal distribution soybean planting method and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Soybeans are an important food crop, oilseed crop, and feed crop in my country. Their yield and quality are directly related to national food security, edible oil supply, and the development of animal husbandry. During soybean cultivation, ecological problems such as heavy clay soil, deep plow pan, slow soil temperature rise, and susceptibility to drought and flooding are common. Therefore, the suitability of soybean cultivation techniques is crucial for increasing yield.

[0003] To address the aforementioned pain points in soybean cultivation, the traditional "three-ridge" cultivation technique has emerged. Its core lies in the integrated application of three key technologies: deep loosening of the ridge, tiered fertilization in the furrow, and precision seeding on the ridge. This technique has demonstrated certain advantages in improving soil temperature, regulating soil moisture, and increasing soil oxygen content, effectively improving the soil environment for soybean growth and becoming one of the mainstream soybean planting models in my country.

[0004] However, with the increasing demand for high-yield and high-quality soybean cultivation, the inherent defects of the traditional "three-row" cultivation technique have gradually become apparent, mainly in the following aspects: First, the sowing layout is unreasonable. Traditional techniques use double-row precision sowing on ridges, with seeds concentrated on the top surface of the ridge. The top layer of soil in this area is easily affected by drought and temperature fluctuations, resulting in unstable seed germination rates. Furthermore, the plants are distributed along the top surface of the ridge, leading to poor ventilation and light penetration, and a tendency for canopy closure in the field, which restricts the improvement of light energy utilization efficiency. Second, the precision of fertilization is insufficient. Although stratified fertilization is adopted, the distribution of fertilizer in the soil layer and its matching with the growth and absorption patterns of soybean roots need to be optimized. Some fertilizer is easily lost or volatilized with water, resulting in low fertilizer utilization and difficulty in fully meeting the nutrient requirements of soybeans at different growth stages. Third, the plant's resistance to adverse conditions is limited. The root system of plants planted on ridges is relatively concentrated in the top layer of soil, making them less adaptable to adverse conditions such as drought and lodging. Moreover, the canopy closure in the field easily induces pests and diseases, further affecting soybean yield and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a soybean normal distribution planting method and equipment to solve the defects of traditional "ridge three" cultivation technology, such as unreasonable sowing layout, insufficient fertilization precision, and limited population resistance.

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for normal distribution soybean planting, comprising the following steps:

[0007] The ridge preparation step involves preparing the planting plots to form planting ridges with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section.

[0008] The stratified quantitative fertilization process involves applying lower and upper layers of fertilizer sequentially below the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge.

[0009] The double-row precision sowing step involves sowing soybean seeds on both sides of the planting ridge, above the lower and upper fertilizer layers.

[0010] Furthermore, the soybean seeds are sown at a depth of 4–5 cm below the soil surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the row spacing on the ridges for sowing soybean seeds is 30cm, and the row spacing between ridges is 35cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper layer fertilizer is applied 5-7 cm directly below the soybean seeds, and the amount is 1 / 3 of the total fertilizer. The lower layer fertilizer is applied 12-14 cm directly below the soybean seeds, and the amount is 2 / 3 of the total fertilizer.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention provides a planting device for the above-mentioned soybean normal distribution planting method, including a frame, at least one ridging, fertilizing and sowing unit, a first fertilizing mechanism, a second fertilizing mechanism and a sowing mechanism;

[0014] The front end of the frame is provided with a traction connection frame for connecting to traction equipment;

[0015] The ridging, fertilizing, and sowing unit includes an inverted U-shaped trough, two sets of front fertilizing components, two sets of rear fertilizing components, and two sets of sowing components.

[0016] The inverted U-shaped groove extends in the front-to-back direction and is fixed to the lower side of the frame. The inverted U-shaped groove is provided with a first scraper, a second scraper, a third scraper and a fourth scraper in sequence from front to back. The bottom of the first scraper, the second scraper, the third scraper and the fourth scraper are respectively formed with scraping grooves that are adapted to the slopes on both sides and the top of the planting ridge.

[0017] The two sets of front fertilizer application components are located between the first scraper and the second scraper, and are respectively located above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge. Each front fertilizer application component includes a first V-shaped mudguard and a first fertilizer application pipe. The first V-shaped mudguard extends vertically with its convex side facing forward. The upper end of the first V-shaped mudguard is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove. The lower end of the first V-shaped mudguard is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge. The first fertilizer application pipe is located in the concave side of the first V-shaped mudguard. The upper end of the first fertilizer application pipe extends out from the top of the inverted U-shaped groove.

[0018] The two sets of post-fertilizer application components are located between the second scraper and the third scraper, and are respectively located on the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge. Each post-fertilizer application component includes a second V-shaped mudguard and a second fertilizer application pipe. The second V-shaped mudguard extends vertically with its convex side facing forward. The upper end of the second V-shaped mudguard is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove. The lower end of the second V-shaped mudguard is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge, and the depth of the second V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil is less than the depth of the first V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil. The second fertilizer application pipe is located in the concave side of the second V-shaped mudguard, and the upper end of the second fertilizer application pipe extends out from the top of the inverted U-shaped groove.

[0019] The two sets of seeding components are located between the third scraper and the fourth scraper, and are respectively located above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge. Each seeding component includes a third V-shaped mudguard and a seeding tube. The third V-shaped mudguard extends vertically with its convex side facing forward. The upper end of the third V-shaped mudguard is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove. The lower end of the third V-shaped mudguard is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge, and the depth of the third V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil is less than the depth of the second V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil. The seeding tube is located in the concave side of the third V-shaped mudguard, and the upper end of the seeding tube extends out from the top of the inverted U-shaped groove.

[0020] The first fertilization mechanism is used to output fertilizer to the upper end of each of the first lower fertilizer pipes;

[0021] The second fertilization mechanism is used to output fertilizer to the upper end of each of the second lower fertilizer pipes;

[0022] The sowing mechanism is used to output soybean seeds to the upper end of each of the seed tubes.

[0023] Furthermore, the front ends of the two side plates of the inverted U-shaped groove are extended outward.

[0024] Furthermore, the front sides of the first scraper, second scraper, third scraper and fourth scraper are symmetrically provided with inclined mud guide plates. The outer edge of the mud guide plate is connected to the side plate on the corresponding side of the inverted U-shaped groove, and the lower edge of the mud guide plate is connected to the inclined side on the corresponding side of the scraping groove.

[0025] Furthermore, the first fertilization mechanism includes a first fertilizer hopper and a plurality of first fertilizer discharge wheels. The first fertilizer hopper is fixedly supported on the frame. The bottom of the first fertilizer hopper is provided with a plurality of first fertilizer discharge ports. Each first fertilizer discharge wheel is installed in each first fertilizer discharge port in a corresponding manner. The lower end of each first fertilizer discharge port is connected to the upper end of each first fertilizer discharge pipe in a corresponding manner through a first fertilizer discharge pipe.

[0026] The second fertilization mechanism includes a second fertilizer hopper and several second fertilizer discharge wheels. The second fertilizer hopper is fixedly supported on the frame. The bottom of the second fertilizer hopper is provided with several second fertilizer discharge ports. Each second fertilizer discharge wheel is installed in each second fertilizer discharge port in a corresponding manner. The lower end of each second fertilizer discharge port is connected to the upper end of each second fertilizer discharge pipe in a corresponding manner through a second fertilizer discharge pipe.

[0027] The sowing mechanism includes a seed hopper and several seed metering devices. The seed hopper is fixedly supported on the frame. The bottom of the seed hopper has several seed dispensing ports. Each seed metering device is correspondingly located above each seed tube. Each seed metering device includes a housing and a seed dispensing wheel installed inside the housing. The housing is fixedly supported on the frame. The upper part of the housing has a seed inlet, and the lower part of the housing has a seed outlet. The seed inlet of each seed metering device is connected to each seed dispensing port through a seed inlet pipe, and the seed outlet of each seed metering device is connected to the upper end of each seed tube.

[0028] Furthermore, the top of the frame is provided with a first support, a second support, a third support and a fourth support in sequence from front to back. The first fertilizer hopper is fixed on the first support, the second fertilizer hopper is fixed on the second support, the seed hopper is fixed on the third support, and the housings of each seed metering device are respectively fixed on the fourth support.

[0029] Furthermore, a first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the first bracket, and the first rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to each of the first fertilizer discharge wheels;

[0030] The second bracket is rotatably mounted with a second rotating shaft, which is coaxially and fixedly connected to each of the second fertilizer wheels.

[0031] A third rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the fourth bracket, and the third rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected to each of the seeding wheels.

[0032] The first and second rotating shafts are connected by chain drives, as are the second and third rotating shafts.

[0033] The front of the frame is rotatably mounted with a power input shaft and a reduction gearbox. The front end of the power input shaft is used to drive the working shaft of the traction mechanism, and the rear end of the power input shaft is connected to the input end of the reduction gearbox. The output end of the reduction gearbox is connected to the first rotating shaft via a chain drive.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0035] This invention precisely sows soybean seeds on the sloping sides of an isosceles trapezoidal planting ridge, directly above two layers of fertilizer. The relative spatial position of the seeds and the fertilizer layers is fixed and controllable. Firstly, the slope location ensures stable soil moisture, effectively avoiding the adverse effects of surface soil drought and drastic temperature fluctuations on seed germination compared to traditional ridge top planting. This significantly improves seed germination rate and seedling uniformity. Furthermore, slope planting allows the plant roots to be distributed three-dimensionally in the soil, reducing competition between different plants and improving the spatial utilization efficiency of soil nutrients and water. Secondly, with the seeds directly above the fertilizer, the seedling roots can quickly access and absorb the readily available fertilizer during their downward growth, meeting the nutrient needs of the seedlings and preventing nutrient deficiency or weak seedlings, thus laying a solid foundation for high soybean yields.

[0036] This invention involves sequentially placing a lower layer of fertilizer and an upper layer of fertilizer below the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge, with the sowing position directly above the fertilizer. This achieves a synergistic effect of "layered fertilizer application + precise seed positioning." The upper layer of fertilizer is a fast-acting fertilizer, located immediately below the seeds, allowing for rapid absorption by the seedling roots and reducing fertilizer loss. The lower layer of fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer, situated in the root extension area, providing continuous nutrient supply during critical periods of soybean growth, such as flowering and grain-filling stages, thus matching the nutrient requirements of soybeans at different growth stages.

[0037] The precise sowing location and fertilization layout of this invention work synergistically to develop soybean plant roots, strengthen stems, and significantly enhance lodging resistance. The sloping planting mode improves soil aeration and reduces the probability of root diseases.

[0038] In summary, this invention solves the defects of traditional "ridge three" cultivation technology, such as unreasonable sowing layout, insufficient fertilization precision, and limited population resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the normal distribution planting of soybeans in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the planting equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the frame of the planting equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4This is a perspective view of the ridging, fertilizing, and sowing unit of the planting equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the ridging, fertilizing, and sowing unit of the planting equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section view;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the front fertilizer application component and the rear fertilizer application component of the planting equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a rear view of the front fertilizer application component and the rear fertilizer application component of the planting equipment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 for Figure 8 BB section view;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the seeding component of the planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a rear view of the seeding component of the planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 for Figure 11 CC section view.

[0052] In the attached diagram, 110 - planting ridge; 120 - lower fertilizer layer; 130 - upper fertilizer layer; 140 - soybean seeds; 200 - frame; 210 - traction connecting frame; 220 - first support; 221 - first rotating shaft; 230 - second support; 231 - second rotating shaft; 240 - third support; 250 - fourth support; 251 - third rotating shaft; 300 - ridge-raising, fertilizing, and sowing unit; 310 - inverted U-shaped trough; 320 - first scraper; 330 - second scraper; 340 - third scraper; 350 - fourth scraper; 361 - first V-shaped mudguard; 362 - first fertilizer pipe; 371 - second V-shaped mudguard; 372 - second fertilizer pipe; 38 1-Third V-shaped mudguard; 382-Seed discharge pipe; 390-Guide mudguard; 400-First fertilization mechanism; 410-First fertilizer hopper; 411-First fertilizer discharge outlet; 420-First fertilizer discharge wheel; 430-First fertilizer discharge pipe; 500-Second fertilization mechanism; 510-Second fertilizer hopper; 511-Second fertilizer discharge outlet; 520-Second fertilizer discharge wheel; 530-Second fertilizer discharge pipe; 600-Sowing mechanism; 610-Seed hopper; 611-Seed discharge outlet; 620-Seed metering device; 621-Housing shell; 622-Seed metering wheel; 623-Seed inlet; 624-Seed outlet; 630-Seed inlet pipe; 710-Chain; 720-Power input shaft; 730-Reduction gearbox. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0055] On the one hand, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a soybean normal distribution planting method, which includes the following steps:

[0056] The ridge preparation step involves preparing the planting plot to form planting ridges 110 with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, and the ridge spacing of planting ridges 110 is 65cm.

[0057] The stratified and quantitative fertilization process involves applying lower layer fertilizer 120 and upper layer fertilizer 130 sequentially on both sides of the slope below the planting ridge 110.

[0058] The double-row precision sowing procedure on the ridge side involves sowing soybean seeds 140 on both sides of the planting ridge 110, above the lower fertilizer layer 120 and the upper fertilizer layer 130. The sowing depth of soybean seeds 140 is 4-5 cm below the soil surface. The row spacing on the ridge is 30 cm, and the row spacing between ridges is 35 cm.

[0059] In this embodiment, under the premise of keeping the total amount of fertilizer constant, the upper fertilizer 130 is applied 5-7 cm directly below the soybean seeds 140, and the amount is 1 / 3 of the total fertilizer. The lower fertilizer 120 is applied 12-14 cm directly below the soybean seeds 140, and the amount is 2 / 3 of the total fertilizer.

[0060] This invention precisely sows soybean seeds 140 on the sloping sides of an isosceles trapezoidal planting ridge 110, with the sowing position directly above two layers of fertilizer. The relative spatial position of the seeds and the upper and lower fertilizer layers is fixed and controllable. On the one hand, the soil moisture at the sloping location is stable, effectively avoiding the adverse effects of surface soil drought and drastic temperature fluctuations on seed germination compared to traditional ridge top planting, significantly improving seed germination rate and seedling uniformity. Moreover, sloping planting allows the plant roots to be distributed three-dimensionally in the soil, reducing root competition between different plants and improving the spatial utilization efficiency of soil nutrients and water. On the other hand, with the seeds directly above the fertilizer, the seedling roots can quickly contact and absorb the upper layer of fast-acting fertilizer as they grow downwards, meeting the nutrient needs of seedling growth and avoiding nutrient deficiency and weak seedlings, thus laying a solid foundation for high soybean yields.

[0061] This invention involves sequentially placing a lower layer of fertilizer 120 and an upper layer of fertilizer 130 below the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge 110, with the sowing position directly above the fertilizer. This achieves a synergistic effect of "layered fertilizer placement + precise seed positioning." The upper layer of fertilizer 130 is a fast-acting fertilizer, located immediately below the seeds, allowing for rapid absorption by the seedling roots and reducing fertilizer loss. The lower layer of fertilizer 120 is a slow-release fertilizer, situated in the root extension area, providing continuous nutrient supply during critical periods of soybean growth, such as flowering and grain-filling stages, thus matching the nutrient requirements of soybeans at different growth stages.

[0062] The precise sowing location and fertilization layout of this invention work synergistically to develop soybean plant roots, strengthen stems, and significantly enhance lodging resistance. The sloping planting mode improves soil aeration and reduces the probability of root diseases.

[0063] In summary, this invention solves the defects of traditional "ridge three" cultivation technology, such as unreasonable sowing layout, insufficient fertilization precision, and limited population resistance.

[0064] On the other hand, such as Figures 2-12As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a planting device applied to the above-mentioned soybean normal distribution planting method, including a frame 200, at least one ridging, fertilizing and sowing unit 300, a first fertilizing mechanism 400, a second fertilizing mechanism 500 and a sowing mechanism 600.

[0065] It is understood that the ridging, fertilizing and sowing unit 300 in this embodiment can be set up once, so that ridging, fertilizing and sowing of one planting ridge 110 can be realized at one time. Multiple ridging, fertilizing and sowing units 300 can also be set up side by side, so that ridging, fertilizing and sowing of multiple planting ridges 110 can be realized at one time.

[0066] The front end of the frame 200 is provided with a traction connecting frame 210 for connecting with a traction device, which is an agricultural tractor.

[0067] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the ridging, fertilizing, and sowing unit 300 includes an inverted U-shaped trough 310, two sets of front fertilizing components, two sets of rear fertilizing components, and two sets of sowing components.

[0068] The inverted U-shaped groove 310 extends in the front-to-back direction and is fixed to the lower side of the frame 200. The inverted U-shaped groove 310 is provided with a first scraper 320, a second scraper 330, a third scraper 340 and a fourth scraper 350 in sequence from front to back. The bottom of the first scraper 320, the second scraper 330, the third scraper 340 and the fourth scraper 350 are all formed with scraping grooves that are adapted to the slopes on both sides and the top of the planting ridge 110, respectively.

[0069] Two sets of front fertilizer application components are located between the first scraper 320 and the second scraper 330, and are respectively located on the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge 110. Each front fertilizer application component includes a first V-shaped mudguard 361 and a first fertilizer application pipe 362. The first V-shaped mudguard 361 extends vertically with its convex side facing forward. The upper end of the first V-shaped mudguard 361 is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove 310. The lower end of the first V-shaped mudguard 361 is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge 110. The first fertilizer application pipe 362 is located in the concave side of the first V-shaped mudguard 361. The upper end of the first fertilizer application pipe 362 extends out from the top of the inverted U-shaped groove 310.

[0070] Two sets of post-fertilizer application components are located between the second scraper 330 and the third scraper 340, and are respectively located on the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge 110. Each post-fertilizer application component includes a second V-shaped mudguard 371 and a second fertilizer application pipe 372. The second V-shaped mudguard 371 extends vertically with its convex side facing forward. The upper end of the second V-shaped mudguard 371 is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove 310. The lower end of the second V-shaped mudguard 371 is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge 110, and the depth of the second V-shaped mudguard 371 inserted into the soil is less than the depth of the first V-shaped mudguard 361 inserted into the soil. The second fertilizer application pipe 372 is located in the concave side of the second V-shaped mudguard 371, and the upper end of the second fertilizer application pipe 372 extends out from the top of the inverted U-shaped groove 310.

[0071] Two sets of seeding components are located between the third scraper 340 and the fourth scraper 350, and are respectively located above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge 110. Each seeding component includes a third V-shaped mudguard 381 and a seeding tube 382. The third V-shaped mudguard 381 extends vertically with its convex side facing forward. The upper end of the third V-shaped mudguard 381 is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove 310. The lower end of the third V-shaped mudguard 381 is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge 110, and the depth of the third V-shaped mudguard 381 inserted into the soil is less than the depth of the second V-shaped mudguard 371 inserted into the soil. The seeding tube 382 is located in the concave side of the third V-shaped mudguard 381, and the upper end of the seeding tube 382 extends out from the top of the inverted U-shaped groove 310.

[0072] In this embodiment, a first scraper 320, a second scraper 330, a third scraper 340, and a fourth scraper 350 are arranged sequentially from front to back in the inverted U-shaped groove 310. When the traction device pulls the planting device forward, the ridge can be shaped by the first scraper 320, the second scraper 330, the third scraper 340, and the fourth scraper 350 in sequence.

[0073] Preferably, the front ends of the two side plates of the inverted U-shaped groove 310 are extended outward, so that the soil in the furrow can be scraped towards the middle of the ridge through the front end of the inverted U-shaped groove 310.

[0074] Preferably, inclined mud guide plates 390 are symmetrically arranged on the front sides of the first scraper 320, the second scraper 330, the third scraper 340 and the fourth scraper 350. The outer edge of the mud guide plate 390 is connected to the side plate on the corresponding side of the inverted U-shaped groove 310, and the lower edge of the mud guide plate 390 is connected to the inclined side on the corresponding side of the scraper groove. In this way, when the first scraper 320, the second scraper 330, the third scraper 340 and the fourth scraper 350 scrape the soil towards the middle to form a ridge, the mud guide plates 390 can guide the soil from both sides of the inverted U-shaped groove 310 towards the middle, avoiding soil accumulation on the front side of each scraper.

[0075] The first fertilization mechanism 400 is used to output fertilizer to the upper end of each first lower fertilizer pipe 362.

[0076] Specifically, refer to Figures 7-9 The first fertilization mechanism 400 includes a first fertilizer hopper 410 and several first fertilizer rollers 420. The first fertilizer hopper 410 is fixedly supported on the frame 200. The bottom of the first fertilizer hopper 410 is provided with several first fertilizer outlets 411. Each first fertilizer roller 420 is installed in each first fertilizer outlet 411 in a corresponding manner. The lower end of each first fertilizer outlet 411 is connected to the upper end of each first lower fertilizer pipe 362 in a corresponding manner through a first fertilizer pipe 430.

[0077] When the first fertilization mechanism 400 is working, the fertilizer in the first fertilizer hopper 410 enters the first fertilizer outlet 411, and is discharged into the first fertilizer pipe 430 through the first fertilizer wheel 420 in the first fertilizer outlet 411. Then, it enters the first lower fertilizer pipe 362 through the first fertilizer pipe 430, so as to output fertilizer to the first lower fertilizer pipe 362.

[0078] The second fertilization mechanism 500 is used to output fertilizer to the upper end of each second lower fertilizer pipe 372.

[0079] Specifically, continue to refer to Figures 7-9 The second fertilization mechanism 500 includes a second fertilizer hopper 510 and several second fertilizer rollers 520. The second fertilizer hopper 510 is fixedly supported on the frame 200. The bottom of the second fertilizer hopper 510 is provided with several second fertilizer outlets 511. Each second fertilizer roller 520 is installed in each second fertilizer outlet. The lower end of each second fertilizer roller 520 is connected to the upper end of each second lower fertilizer pipe 372 through a second fertilizer pipe 530.

[0080] Similarly, when the second fertilization mechanism 500 is working, the fertilizer in the second fertilizer hopper 510 enters the second fertilizer outlet 511, and is discharged into the second fertilizer pipe 530 through the second fertilizer wheel 520 in the second fertilizer outlet 511. Then, it enters the second lower fertilizer pipe 372 through the second fertilizer pipe 530, so as to output fertilizer to the second lower fertilizer pipe 372.

[0081] The seeding mechanism 600 is used to output soybean seeds 140 to the upper end of each seeding tube 382 respectively.

[0082] Specific reference Figures 10-12The sowing mechanism 600 includes a seed hopper 610 and several seed metering devices 620. The seed hopper 610 is fixedly supported on the frame 200. The bottom of the seed hopper 610 is provided with several seed dispensing ports 611. Each seed metering device 620 is correspondingly located above each seed tube 382. Each seed metering device 620 includes a housing 621 and a seed dispensing wheel 622 installed in the housing 621. The housing 621 is fixedly supported on the frame 200. The upper part of the housing 621 is provided with a seed inlet 623, and the lower part of the housing 621 is provided with a seed outlet 624. The seed inlet 623 of each seed metering device 620 is connected to each seed dispensing port 611 through a seed inlet pipe 630, and the seed outlet 624 of each seed metering device 620 is connected to the upper end of each seed tube 382.

[0083] When the seeding mechanism 600 is working, the soybean seeds 140 in the seed hopper 610 enter the seed inlet tube 630 through the seed discharge port 611, and then enter the housing 621 through the seed inlet 623 at the top of the seed meterer 620. Then, the seeds are discharged one by one by the seed discharge wheel 622 to the seed outlet 624 at the bottom of the seed meterer 620, and then enter the seed outlet tube 382 through the seed inlet 623, thereby realizing the output of soybean seeds 140 to the seed outlet tube 382.

[0084] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The top of the frame 200 is provided with a first support 220, a second support 230, a third support 240 and a fourth support 250 from front to back. The first fertilizer hopper 410 is fixed on the first support 220, the second fertilizer hopper 510 is fixed on the second support 230, the seed hopper 610 is fixed on the third support 240, and the housing 621 of each seed metering device 620 is fixed on the fourth support 250 respectively.

[0085] Reference Figures 7-12 A first rotating shaft 221 is rotatably mounted on the first bracket 220, and the first rotating shaft 221 is coaxially and fixedly connected to each of the first row of fertilizer wheels 420.

[0086] A second rotating shaft 231 is rotatably mounted on the second bracket 230, and the second rotating shaft 231 is coaxially and fixedly connected to each of the second row of fertilizer wheels 520.

[0087] A third rotating shaft 251 is rotatably mounted on the fourth bracket 250, and the third rotating shaft 251 is coaxially and fixedly connected to each seeding wheel 622.

[0088] The first rotating shaft 221 and the second rotating shaft 231, and the second rotating shaft 231 and the third rotating shaft 251 are respectively connected by chain 710.

[0089] The front of the frame 200 is rotatably mounted with a power input shaft 720 and a reduction gearbox 730. The front end of the power input shaft 720 is used to drive the working shaft of the traction mechanism, and the rear end of the power input shaft 720 is connected to the input end of the reduction gearbox 730. The output end of the reduction gearbox 730 is driven by the first rotating shaft 221 through a chain 710.

[0090] In this embodiment, the power for the first fertilizing mechanism 400, the second fertilizing mechanism 500, and the sowing mechanism 600 is provided by a traction mechanism. When the traction mechanism is connected to the traction connecting frame 210 at the front of the frame 200, the working shaft of the traction mechanism is connected to the power input shaft 720 at the front of the frame 200. This allows the working shaft of the traction mechanism to drive the power input shaft 720 of the reduction gearbox 730 to rotate. The output end of the reduction gearbox 730 then drives the first rotating shaft 221 to rotate via a chain 710. The first rotating shaft 221 can carry... The first fertilizer rollers 420 rotate, thereby discharging fertilizer from the first fertilizer outlets 411. When the first rotating shaft 221 rotates, it can drive the second rotating shaft 231 to rotate via the chain 710. The second rotating shaft 231 can drive the second fertilizer rollers 520 to rotate, thereby discharging fertilizer from the second fertilizer outlets 511. When the second rotating shaft 231 rotates, it can drive the third rotating shaft 251 to rotate via the chain 710. The third rotating shaft 251 can drive the seed rollers 622 to rotate, thereby discharging seeds from the seeders 620.

[0091] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, a first scraper 320, a second scraper 330, a third scraper 340, and a fourth scraper 350 are arranged sequentially from front to back within the inverted U-shaped groove 310. Simultaneously, a first V-shaped mudguard 361 and a first fertilizer pipe 362 are arranged above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge 110 between the first scraper 320 and the second scraper 330; a second V-shaped mudguard 371 and a second fertilizer pipe 372 are arranged between the second scraper 330 and the third scraper 340; and the third scraper 340 and... A third V-shaped mudguard 381 and a seeding pipe 382 are installed between the fourth scraper 350. The lower ends of the first V-shaped mudguard 361, the second V-shaped mudguard 371, and the third V-shaped mudguard 381 are inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge 110, and the depth of the lower ends of the first V-shaped mudguard 361, the second V-shaped mudguard 371, and the third V-shaped mudguard 381 inserted into the soil decreases sequentially. During the forward movement of the traction planting equipment, it first passes through the first scraper 32 in the inverted U-shaped groove 310. 0. The soil is scraped towards the center to form planting ridge 110. Then, the soil on the slopes on both sides of planting ridge 110 is excavated into a bottom trench using the first V-shaped mudguard 361. The lower layer fertilizer 120 is then introduced into the bottom trench through the first fertilizer pipe 362. The soil is then scraped towards the center again using the second scraper 330 to form planting ridge 110 to cover the lower layer fertilizer 120. Then, the soil on the slopes on both sides of planting ridge 110 is excavated into a middle trench using the second V-shaped mudguard 371. The soil is then introduced into the middle trench through the first fertilizer pipe 362. The second fertilizer pipe 372 lowers the upper fertilizer 130 into the middle trench. The third scraper 340 then scrapes the soil towards the center to form a planting ridge 110 to cover the upper fertilizer 130. The third V-shaped mudguard 381 then cuts the soil on both sides of the planting ridge 110 into shallow trenches, and the seed pipe 382 lowers the soybean seeds 140 into the shallow trenches. Finally, the fourth scraper 350 scrapes the soil towards the center to form a planting ridge 110 to cover the soybean seeds 140.

[0092] Therefore, by sampling the above-mentioned planting equipment, the ridge preparation, stratified quantitative fertilization, and double-row precision sowing on the ridge side can be completed in one go, meeting the requirements of normal distribution planting of soybeans and greatly improving the efficiency of cultivation.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soybean normal distribution planting method characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: a ridge arrangement step of arranging a planting plot to form a planting ridge with a trapezoidal cross section; a layered quantitative fertilization step of sequentially fertilizing lower layer fertilizer and upper layer fertilizer below the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge; a ridge side double row precision seeding step of seeding soybean seeds on the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge above the lower layer fertilizer and the upper layer fertilizer.

2. The soybean normal distribution planting method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the soybean seed seeding is 4-5 cm below the soil.

3. The soybean normal distribution planting method according to claim 1, wherein the ridge row distance of the soybean seed seeding is 30 cm, and the inter-ridge row distance is 35 cm.

4. The soybean normal distribution planting method according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer fertilizer is applied 5-7 cm directly below the soybean seeds, and the amount is 1 / 3 of the total fertilizer; and the lower layer fertilizer is applied 12-14 cm directly below the soybean seeds, and the amount is 2 / 3 of the total fertilizer. The machine frame, at least one ridge forming, lower fertilizer and seed planting unit, a first fertilization mechanism, a second fertilization mechanism and a seeding mechanism; The front end of the machine frame is provided with a traction connection frame for connecting with a traction device; The ridge forming, lower fertilizer and seed planting unit comprises a reverse U-shaped groove, two groups of front lower fertilizer assemblies, two groups of rear lower fertilizer assemblies and two groups of seed planting assemblies; 5. A planting device applied to the soybean normal distribution planting method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The reverse U-shaped groove extends along the front-rear direction and is fixed to the lower side of the machine frame, and the first scraper plate, the second scraper plate, the third scraper plate and the fourth scraper plate are sequentially arranged in the reverse U-shaped groove from front to back, and the bottom of each of the first scraper plate, the second scraper plate, the third scraper plate and the fourth scraper plate forms a scraping groove which is adapted to the slope and the top of the planting ridge on each side; The two groups of front lower fertilizer assemblies are arranged between the first scraper plate and the second scraper plate and above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge, each front lower fertilizer assembly comprises a first V-shaped mudguard and a first lower fertilizer pipe, the first V-shaped mudguard extends vertically and the convex side faces forward, the upper end of the first V-shaped mudguard is fixed to the top of the reverse U-shaped groove, and the lower end of the first V-shaped mudguard is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge, and the first lower fertilizer pipe is arranged in the concave side of the first V-shaped mudguard, and the upper end of the first lower fertilizer pipe penetrates out of the top of the reverse U-shaped groove; The two groups of rear lower fertilizer assemblies are arranged between the second scraper plate and the third scraper plate and above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge, each rear lower fertilizer assembly comprises a second V-shaped mudguard and a second lower fertilizer pipe, the second V-shaped mudguard extends vertically and the convex side faces forward, the upper end of the second V-shaped mudguard is fixed to the top of the reverse U-shaped groove, the lower end of the second V-shaped mudguard is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge, and the depth of the second V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil is less than that of the first V-shaped mudguard, and the second lower fertilizer pipe is arranged in the concave side of the second V-shaped mudguard, and the upper end of the second lower fertilizer pipe penetrates out of the top of the reverse U-shaped groove. ​ ​ ​ Two groups of said seed planting assemblies are arranged between the third and fourth scrapers and above the slopes on both sides of the planting ridge, each seed planting assembly comprises a third V-shaped mudguard and a seed planting pipe, the third V-shaped mudguard extends vertically and the convex side faces forward, the upper end of the third V-shaped mudguard is fixed to the top of the inverted U-shaped groove, the lower end of the third V-shaped mudguard is inserted into the soil from the slope of the planting ridge, and the depth of the third V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil is less than the depth of the second V-shaped mudguard inserted into the soil, and the seed planting pipe is arranged in the concave side of the third V-shaped mudguard, and the upper end of the seed planting pipe is arranged outside the top of the inverted U-shaped groove; The first fertilizer application mechanism is used for outputting fertilizer to the upper end of each first fertilizer pipe; The second fertilizer application mechanism is used for outputting fertilizer to the upper end of each second fertilizer pipe; The seeding mechanism is used for outputting soybean seeds to the upper end of each seed planting pipe.

6. The planting device according to claim 5, wherein The front end of the side plate of the inverted U-shaped groove is outwardly expanded.

7. The planting device according to claim 5, wherein The front side of the first, second, third and fourth scrapers is symmetrically provided with an inclined mud guide plate, the outer edge of the mud guide plate is connected with the side plate of the corresponding side of the inverted U-shaped groove, and the lower edge of the mud guide plate is connected with the inclined edge of the corresponding side of the scraper groove.

8. The planting device according to claim 5, wherein The first fertilizer application mechanism comprises a first fertilizer hopper and a plurality of first fertilizer discharge wheels, the first fertilizer hopper is fixedly supported on the frame, the bottom of the first fertilizer hopper is provided with a plurality of first fertilizer discharge ports, each first fertilizer discharge wheel is installed in each first fertilizer discharge port in a one-to-one correspondence, and the lower end of each first fertilizer discharge port is connected with the upper end of each first fertilizer pipe in a one-to-one correspondence through a first fertilizer discharge pipe; The second fertilizer application mechanism comprises a second fertilizer hopper and a plurality of second fertilizer discharge wheels, the second fertilizer hopper is fixedly supported on the frame, the bottom of the second fertilizer hopper is provided with a plurality of second fertilizer discharge ports, each second fertilizer discharge wheel is installed in each second fertilizer discharge port in a one-to-one correspondence, and the lower end of each second fertilizer discharge port is connected with the upper end of each second fertilizer pipe in a one-to-one correspondence through a second fertilizer discharge pipe; The seeding mechanism comprises a seed hopper and a plurality of seeders, the seed hopper is fixedly supported on the frame, the bottom of the seed hopper is provided with a plurality of seed discharge ports, each seeder is arranged above each seed planting pipe in a one-to-one correspondence, the seeder comprises a housing and a seed discharge wheel installed in the housing, the housing is fixedly supported on the frame, the upper part of the housing is provided with a seed inlet, and the lower part of the housing is provided with a seed outlet, the seed inlet of each seeder is connected with each seed discharge port in a one-to-one correspondence through a seed inlet pipe, and the seed outlet of each seeder is connected with the upper end of each seed planting pipe in a one-to-one correspondence.

9. The planting device according to claim 8, wherein The top of the frame is sequentially provided with a first support, a second support, a third support and a fourth support from front to back, the first fertilizer hopper is fixed on the first support, the second fertilizer hopper is fixed on the second support, the seed hopper is fixed on the third support, and the housing of each seed metering device is fixed on the fourth support.

10. The planting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A first rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the first support, and the first rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with each first fertilizer wheel; A second rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the second support, and the second rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with each second fertilizer wheel; A third rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the fourth support, and the third rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with each seed metering wheel; The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are respectively connected through a chain transmission; A power input shaft and a speed reducer are rotatably installed on the front part of the frame, the front end of the power input shaft is used for being in transmission connection with a working shaft of a traction mechanism, the rear end of the power input shaft is connected with an input end of the speed reducer, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the first rotating shaft through a chain transmission.

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