Rapid dust falling device for construction engineering

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid dust fall device for construction engineering, and relates to the technical field of building dust fall, the rapid dust fall device comprises a mounting straight pipe, a vertically arranged water distribution pipe is mounted on the mounting straight pipe, a spray head sleeve is mounted at the top end of the water distribution pipe, the top of the spray head sleeve is open, and a movable cylinder is slidably mounted in the spray head sleeve; spraying holes are formed in the movable cylinder in a penetrating manner; and a plugging and hole cleaning mechanism is mounted in the spray head sleeve and is used for cleaning the spray holes. According to the rapid dust falling device for the construction engineering, through the arrangement of the installation straight pipe, the water distribution pipe, the spray head sleeve, the movable cylinder, the plugging and hole cleaning mechanism and the hole opening cleaning and plugging mechanism, when dust falling operation is finished, dirt in spraying holes can be cleaned out, and the practicability is high. And then the cleaned dirt and the dirt at the orifice position of the spraying hole are cleaned up, and the orifice of the spraying hole is covered and protected, so that blockage caused by solidification of dust falling at the orifice position of the spraying hole is avoided, the smoothness of the spraying hole is ensured, and the dust falling effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building dust suppression technology, and in particular to a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of urbanization, dust pollution from construction has become a key issue affecting air quality and the surrounding environment. As a mainstream dust suppression solution, the construction site sprinkler system creates a water mist curtain by installing sprinkler devices on top of the construction fence. The atomized particles adsorb suspended dust and promote its settling, effectively reducing the risk of dust dispersion during earthwork excavation and material handling. It also offers multiple benefits, including protecting the health of construction workers and improving project quality. This system has become a mandatory dust control measure required by housing and construction departments and is widely used in various engineering projects such as municipal renovation and construction. However, existing fencing sprinkler systems face the prominent problem of nozzle clogging in actual operation, which seriously restricts the stability of dust suppression effect. In the construction environment, earthwork excavation, concrete mixing, material transfer and construction waste removal will continuously generate a large amount of dust. The particle size of these dust particles is mostly between 0.1-10μm, and they are mixed with cement dust, sand and gravel debris, clay particles and other sticky or hydraulic components. Cement powder is prone to hydration reaction when it comes into contact with water, while sand and clay particles have a certain degree of adsorption. To adapt to the intermittent operation requirements of construction sites, the perimeter sprinkler system alternates between spraying and stopping. During the intervals between spraying stops, a small amount of incompletely evaporated water mist remains on the nozzle surface and around the nozzle holes. This water mist quickly adsorbs airborne dust particles, forming an initial adhesion layer. When the ambient humidity is low, the moisture in the adhesion layer evaporates rapidly, and dust particles and sticky components condense tightly on the inner wall and edge of the nozzle ports. This adhesion directly reduces the flow cross-section, especially for atomizing nozzles with a diameter typically only 1-3mm. More importantly, frequent mechanical operations within the construction area (such as tower crane rotation and construction vehicle movement) generate local airflow disturbances, accelerating the accumulation of dust on the nozzle surfaces located high up in the perimeter fence, further exacerbating dust adhesion during the intervals and creating a vicious cycle of "adsorption, condensation, and thickening." Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects.

[0004] The present invention proposes a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects, comprising an installation straight pipe, on which a vertically arranged water distribution pipe is installed, and a nozzle sleeve is installed at the top of the water distribution pipe. The top of the nozzle sleeve is open, and a movable cylinder is slidably installed inside the nozzle sleeve. A spray hole is provided through the movable cylinder. The nozzle sleeve is equipped with a sealing and cleaning mechanism, which is used to clean the spray holes. The movable cylinder is equipped with an orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism, which is used to clean the orifice opening of the spray nozzle.

[0005] Preferably, the sealing and cleaning mechanism includes a cross and a metal needle; the cross is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve, the metal needle is installed on the cross, and the end of the metal needle can be inserted into the spray hole of the movable cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, a pull-back spring is installed on the cross, and the end of the pull-back spring away from the cross is connected to the movable cylinder, and the pull-back spring is always in a stretched state.

[0007] Preferably, the orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism includes a protective cleaning plate and a drive assembly; the protective cleaning plate is slidably mounted on the movable cylinder, and the protective cleaning plate can cover the orifice of the spray hole; When the movable cylinder slides inside the nozzle sleeve, the drive assembly can convert the sliding motion of the movable cylinder inside the nozzle sleeve into the sliding motion of the protective cleaning plate on the movable cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a connecting slider, a guide rod, and an opening spring; the connecting slider is fixedly connected to one side of the protective cleaning plate, the movable cylinder has a driving groove that slides with the connecting slider, one end of the guide rod is connected to the connecting slider, the end of the guide rod away from the connecting slider passes through the movable cylinder and extends to the outside of the movable cylinder, the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve has a sloping groove, and the end of the guide rod slides with the sloping inner wall of the sloping groove; The opening spring is installed in the drive groove, and its two ends abut against the inner wall of the drive groove and the connecting slider, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a low-level water supply pipe, one end of which is connected to a vertical water supply pipe, the vertical water supply pipe being connected to an installation straight pipe, a drain hole being provided on the low-level water supply pipe, and a sealing mechanism being installed inside the low-level water supply pipe, the sealing mechanism being able to seal the low-level water supply pipe and the drain hole; The movable cylinder is equipped with an air intake mechanism, which is activated when the drain hole is opened.

[0010] Preferably, the sealing mechanism includes a sealing plug and a reset assembly; the sealing plug is slidably installed inside the low-level water supply pipe, and the diameter of the sealing plug is the same as the inner diameter of the low-level water supply pipe; When the plug is moved to the drain hole by the water flow and blocks the drain hole, the low-level water supply pipe is connected to the vertical water supply pipe. The reset component is used to drive the blockage to slide and reset within the low-level water supply pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the reset assembly includes a limiting rod, a limiting block, a mounting box, and a constant force spring; one end of the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the sealing plug, the other end of the limiting rod passes through the end of the low-level water supply pipe and extends to the outside of the low-level water supply pipe, the limiting block is installed at the end of the sealing plug, the mounting box is installed at the end of the low-level water supply pipe, a rotating groove is provided in the mounting box, the inner ring end of the constant force spring is fixedly installed in the rotating groove, and the outer ring end of the constant force spring is connected to the limiting block.

[0012] Preferably, the air intake mechanism includes an air vent pipe, a counterweight, a protective cylinder, a sealing gasket, and a lifting component; the air vent pipe slides through the movable cylinder, and an air intake channel is provided on the air vent pipe; the counterweight is fitted onto the air vent pipe; an anti-slip groove that slides with the counterweight is provided inside the movable cylinder; the protective cylinder is fixedly installed on the movable cylinder and is fitted onto the air vent pipe; and an opening that communicates with the air intake port of the air intake channel is provided through the protective cylinder. The sealing gasket is fitted at the bottom end of the vent pipe, and the sealing gasket can fit against the bottom surface of the movable cylinder; When the nozzle sleeve is filled with water, the lifting mechanism drives the vent pipe to rise and causes the sealing gasket to adhere tightly to the bottom surface of the movable cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting component includes a float; the float is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the vent pipe.

[0014] The rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting up an installation straight pipe, water distribution pipe, nozzle sleeve, movable cylinder, sealing and cleaning mechanism, and orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism, at the end of the dust suppression operation, the dirt inside the spray hole can be cleaned out, and the dirt that has been cleaned out and the dirt at the spray hole opening can be cleaned up. The orifice opening is then covered and protected to prevent dust from settling and causing blockage, thus ensuring the smooth flow of the spray hole and ensuring the dust suppression effect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle sleeve in a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective cleaning plate, connecting slider, and guide rod in a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention. Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the low-level water supply pipe and the vertical water supply pipe in a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the air intake mechanism at the movable cylinder in a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake mechanism in a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects proposed in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Installation straight pipe; 2. Water distribution pipe; 3. Nozzle sleeve; 4. Movable cylinder; 5. Cross; 6. Metal needle; 7. Pull-back spring; 8. Protective cleaning plate; 9. Connecting slider; 10. Guide rod; 11. Opening spring; 12. Angled groove; 13. Low-position water supply pipe; 14. Vertical water supply pipe; 15. Drain hole; 16. Sealing plug; 17. Limiting rod; 18. Limiting block; 19. Mounting box; 20. Constant force spring; 21. Vent pipe; 22. Counterweight; 23. Protective cylinder; 24. Sealing gasket; 25. Air inlet channel; 26. Float ball. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Reference Figures 1-6This invention proposes a rapid dust suppression device for construction projects, comprising a straight installation pipe 1, on which vertically arranged water distribution pipes 2 are installed. The straight installation pipe 1 is installed at an angle on a construction site enclosure. The length of the water distribution pipes 2 is 10-20cm. A nozzle sleeve 3 is installed at the top of the water distribution pipes 2, with an open top. A movable cylinder 4 is slidably installed inside the nozzle sleeve 3, with spray holes extending through the movable cylinder 4. Water flows through the straight installation pipe 1 into each water distribution pipe 2, then into the nozzle sleeve 3, and is sprayed out through the spray holes to form a water mist barrier, suppressing the spread of construction dust. A sealing and cleaning mechanism is installed inside the nozzle sleeve 3 to clean the spray holes. An orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism is installed on the movable cylinder 4 to clean the orifice openings of the spray holes. In actual operation, the straight installation pipe 1 is installed at an angle on the construction site enclosure, so that the water distribution pipes 2 are vertically upward. The system is designed to create a water mist barrier by spraying water from the nozzles, suppressing the spread of construction dust. It also addresses multiple needs, including compliance, environmental protection, personnel health, and the protection of the surrounding environment. When dust suppression stops, a sealing and cleaning mechanism removes impurities from the nozzles, while a nozzle cleaning and sealing mechanism cleans and seals the nozzle openings. This reduces the accumulation of dirt at the nozzle openings during non-use periods, preventing blockages. (In practice, during spraying, the water usually washes away dirt at the nozzle openings, preventing accumulation. However, when dust suppression stops, the absence of water allows airborne dust to adhere to and solidify at the nozzle openings, causing blockages. Therefore, sealing the nozzle openings provides protection.) This minimizes nozzle blockage and ensures effective dust suppression.

[0018] like Figure 2 As shown, the sealing and cleaning mechanism includes a cross 5 and a metal needle 6. The cross 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve 3, and the metal needle 6 is installed on the cross 5. The end of the metal needle 6 can be inserted into the spray hole of the movable cylinder 4. The diameter of the metal needle 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the spray hole. A sealing ring can be set on the outer circumference of the metal needle 6 so that the metal needle 6 can be inserted into the spray hole while ensuring a seal between the two, forming a piston movement. The top of the metal needle 6 can only be flush with the opening of the spray hole and will not protrude outside the spray hole. In actual operation, when the dust suppression operation stops, the movable cylinder 4 is not subjected to water pressure and slides downward. At the same time as the movable cylinder 4 slides downward, the metal needle 6 is inserted into the spray hole and pushes the dirt in the spray hole out of the spray hole, ensuring the unobstructed flow of the spray hole and ensuring the normal operation of the dust suppression operation.

[0019] like Figure 2As shown, a pull-back spring 7 is installed on the cross 5. The end of the pull-back spring 7 away from the cross 5 is connected to the movable cylinder 4. The pull-back spring 7 is always in a stretched state. In actual use, in order to ensure that the movable cylinder 4 can be reset smoothly, the pull-back spring 7 pulls the movable cylinder 4 to quickly descend and reset. At the same time, the piston formed by the metal needle 6 inserted into the spray hole can push the dirt inside to move upward quickly. Under the action of inertia, the dirt in the spray hole can be sprayed out better, ensuring the unobstructed flow of the spray hole and ensuring the dust suppression effect.

[0020] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism includes a protective cleaning plate 8 and a drive assembly. The protective cleaning plate 8 is slidably mounted on the movable cylinder 4, and can cover the orifice of the spray hole. When the movable cylinder 4 slides inside the nozzle sleeve 3, the drive assembly can convert the sliding motion of the movable cylinder 4 inside the nozzle sleeve 3 into the sliding motion of the protective cleaning plate 8 on the movable cylinder 4. In actual operation, when the dust suppression operation is stopped, the drive assembly converts the resetting sliding motion of the movable cylinder 4 inside the nozzle sleeve 3 into the sliding motion of the protective cleaning plate 8 on the movable cylinder 4. The protective cleaning plate 8 scrapes the dirt on the outer surface of the movable cylinder 4, passing through the orifice of the spray hole. When cleaning the dirt pushed out by the metal needle 6, the nozzle opening is covered to prevent dust from accumulating and solidifying at the nozzle opening when dust suppression operations stop, ensuring unobstructed flow and effective dust suppression. Additionally, when dust suppression is required, the water pressure drives the movable cylinder 4 upward within the nozzle sleeve 3, causing the metal needle 6 to detach from the nozzle. Water is then sprayed through the nozzle to form a water mist for dust suppression. During the upward movement of the movable cylinder 4, the drive assembly drives the protective cleaning plate 8 to open the nozzle opening, ensuring water is sprayed out and the dust suppression operation proceeds normally.

[0021] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the drive assembly includes a connecting slider 9, a guide rod 10, and an opening spring 11. The connecting slider 9 is fixedly connected to one side of the protective cleaning plate 8. A drive groove is provided on the movable cylinder 4 to slide and engage with the connecting slider 9. The protective cleaning plate 8 always covers the drive groove to prevent dust from entering the drive groove and solidifying, thus affecting the movement range of the connecting slider 9. One end of the guide rod 10 is connected to the connecting slider 9. The guide rod 10 and the protective cleaning plate 8 are arranged in parallel. The end of the guide rod 10 away from the connecting slider 9 passes through the movable cylinder 4 and extends to the outside of the movable cylinder 4. A sloping groove 12 is provided on the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve 3. The end of the guide rod 10 slides and engages with the sloping inner wall of the sloping groove 12. The opening spring 11 is installed in the drive groove. The two ends of the opening spring 11 abut against the inner wall of the drive groove and the connecting slider 9, respectively. In actual operation, when the dust suppression operation stops, the movable cylinder 4 is driven to slide downward and reset under the pulling action of the pull-back spring 7. The end slides along the inner wall of the inclined groove 12, driving the connecting slider 9 and the protective cleaning plate 8 to slide synchronously. The protective cleaning plate 8 gradually approaches and covers the spray hole opening, completing the cleaning and covering protection of the spray hole opening position. When dust suppression is required, the movable cylinder 4 is lifted by water pressure. Under the rebound action of the opening spring 11, the end of the guide rod 10 is not restricted by the inner wall of the inclined groove 12, driving the connecting slider 9, guide rod 10 and protective cleaning plate 8 to slide, and releasing the spray hole opening to ensure that the water can be sprayed out, ensuring the dust suppression operation. The overall structure does not require electricity or manual operation. The structure is simple and convenient, reducing the situation of spray hole blockage and ensuring the dust suppression effect (in reality, due to the large number of enclosure spray heads and their high position, few staff members pay attention to the blockage of the spray heads. If blockage occurs, no one will pay attention to or repair it, which will affect the dust suppression effect).

[0022] In addition, water may remain in the low-level straight pipe 1 during winter. When the temperature is too low, the water in the pipe may freeze, causing blockage or even cracking. Therefore, a drainage mechanism that does not require manual intervention or external power is installed to drain the water in the pipe and reduce the possibility of water freezing and blocking the pipe. (In reality, drainage requires staff to manually turn on the drain pipe after stopping the atomization operation. If it is controlled by electricity, the wires are easily scratched by external objects, causing the wires to be torn and damaged. When they come into contact with the dust spray water, it may cause electric shock to staff or passers-by, and it will also increase costs.)

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, it also includes a low-level water supply pipe 13. In reality, the installation straight pipe 1 is directly installed on the fence. The low-level water supply pipe 13 needs to be lower than the installation straight pipe 1. One end of the low-level water supply pipe 13 is connected to a vertical water supply pipe 14, which is connected to the installation straight pipe 1. A drain hole 15 is provided on the low-level water supply pipe 13. A sealing mechanism is installed inside the low-level water supply pipe 13. The sealing mechanism can seal the low-level water supply pipe 13 and the drain hole 15. An air intake mechanism is installed on the movable cylinder 4. When the drain hole 15... When 5 is opened, the air intake mechanism is opened. In actual practice, the straight pipe 1 is installed on the side of the enclosure towards the low-level water supply pipe 13. When the enclosure is long, multiple straight pipes 1 can be connected through the low-level water supply pipe 13. When dust suppression is carried out, the sealing mechanism seals the drain hole 15 to ensure the normal flow of water and reduce water leakage and waste. At this time, the air intake mechanism is also in a sealed state to prevent water from being discharged from the air intake mechanism and to ensure that water can be sprayed out normally from the spray hole for dust suppression.

[0024] like Figure 4As shown, the sealing mechanism includes a sealing plug 16 and a reset assembly. The sealing plug 16 is slidably installed inside the low-level water supply pipe 13, and the diameter of the sealing plug 16 is the same as the inner diameter of the low-level water supply pipe 13. When the sealing plug 16 is moved to the drain hole 15 by the water flow and seals the drain hole 15, a sealing ring and a rubber gasket are provided on the sealing plug 16 to ensure the sealing performance when the low-level water supply pipe 13 is sealed and the drain hole 15 is sealed. The low-level water supply pipe 13 is connected to the vertical water supply pipe 14. The reset assembly is used to drive the sealing plug 16 to slide inside the low-level water supply pipe 13. The reset assembly includes a limit rod 17, a limit block 18, a mounting box 19, and a constant force spring 20. One end of the limit rod 17 is fixedly connected to the sealing plug 16, and the other end of the limit rod 17 passes through the end of the low-level water supply pipe 13 and extends to the outside of the low-level water supply pipe 13. A sealing structure, such as a sealing ring, is provided between the limit rod 17 and the low-level water supply pipe 13 to ensure its sealing performance. The cross-sectional view of the limit rod 17 is rectangular to ensure that it will not rotate with the low-level water supply pipe 13, avoid torturing the constant force spring 20, and ensure its pulling force. The limiting block 18 is installed at the end of the sealing plug 16, and the mounting box 19 is installed at the end of the low-level water supply pipe 13. A rotating groove is provided inside the mounting box 19. The inner ring of the constant force spring 20 is fixedly installed in the rotating groove, and the outer ring of the constant force spring 20 is connected to the limiting block 18. The width between the limiting blocks 18 is greater than the width of the limiting rod 17, preventing the limiting rod 17 from completely entering the low-level water supply pipe 13. In actual use, when dust suppression operations are performed, the water in the low-level water supply pipe 13 pushes the sealing plug 16 to the low-level water supply pipe 13 and the vertical... At the location where the water supply pipe 14 is connected, the plug 16 seals the drain hole 15, thereby preventing water from being discharged from the drain hole 15 and reducing water waste. In addition, due to the characteristics of the constant force spring 20, as long as the force of the water flow impacting the plug 16 is greater than the force of the constant force spring 20 on the plug 16, it can be ensured that the plug 16 will not slide back and forth, ensuring its sealing effect on the drain hole 15. This reduces the possibility of the drain hole 15 opening and draining due to the back and forth sliding of the plug 16 when there are small fluctuations in water pressure.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, to ensure cleaner drainage of water from the pipe, an air intake structure is provided. The air intake mechanism includes a vent pipe 21, a counterweight 22, a protective cylinder 23, a sealing gasket 24, and a lifting component. The vent pipe 21 slides through the movable cylinder 4, and an air intake channel 25 is provided on the vent pipe 21. The air intake channel 25 is I-shaped, with both the air inlet and outlet located on the outer circumference of the vent pipe 21. The counterweight 22 is fitted onto the vent pipe 21. An anti-slip groove is provided inside the movable cylinder 4 to slide with the counterweight 22. The counterweight 22 ensures that the vent pipe 21 can descend normally without external force. Furthermore, the counterweight 22 ensures that the vent pipe 21 will not slip out of the movable cylinder. The protective cylinder 23 is fixedly installed on the movable cylinder 4 and sleeved on the vent pipe 21. An opening is provided through the protective cylinder 23 to connect with the air inlet of the air inlet channel 25. A sealing gasket 24 is fitted onto the bottom end of the vent pipe 21. During dust suppression operations, the air inlet of the air inlet channel 25 is covered by the protective cylinder 23 to prevent dust from entering and causing blockage. When air intake is required, the vent pipe 21 descends, connecting the air inlet of the air inlet channel 25 with the opening on the protective cylinder 23, ensuring outside air enters. The sealing gasket 24 fits against the bottom surface of the movable cylinder 4. When the nozzle sleeve 3 is filled with water, the lifting mechanism drives the vent pipe 21 to rise, causing the sealing gasket 24 to fit against the bottom surface of the movable cylinder 4. The gasket 24 is attached to the bottom surface of the movable cylinder 4. The lifting component includes a float 26. The float 26 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the vent pipe 21. In actual operation, when water enters the nozzle sleeve 3, the float 26 is affected by the buoyancy of the water, causing the float 26 to rise and drive the vent pipe 21 to rise. This causes the gasket 24 to adhere to the bottom surface of the movable cylinder 4, and the outlet of the air inlet channel 25 on the vent pipe 21 retracts into the movable cylinder 4, ensuring that the water will not be discharged through the air inlet channel 25, thus ensuring a tight seal. Under the action of water pressure, the movable cylinder 4 is driven to rise, ensuring that the water will not be discharged from the air inlet channel 25. The water is then sprayed out from the spray hole for dust suppression. When the dust suppression operation is completed and drainage is performed... As the water level in the nozzle sleeve 3 drops, the float 26 is unaffected by buoyancy. The counterweight 22, under the influence of gravity, causes the vent pipe 21 to descend. The air outlet of the air inlet channel 25 on the vent pipe 21 is connected to the nozzle sleeve 3. The air inlet of the air inlet channel 25 on the vent pipe 21 is connected to the opening on the protective cylinder 23, ensuring that outside air can enter and that the air pressure inside the nozzle sleeve 3 is consistent with the outside air pressure. This ensures that the water inside can flow out smoothly, reducing water residue and preventing freezing and blockage, thus reducing equipment failure and ensuring the effectiveness of dust suppression operations. At the same time, its structure is simple, requiring no manual operation by personnel or connection to electricity.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects, characterized in that, Includes a straight pipe (1), on which a vertically arranged water distribution pipe (2) is installed, and a nozzle sleeve (3) is installed at the top of the water distribution pipe (2). The top of the nozzle sleeve (3) is open, and a movable cylinder (4) is slidably installed inside the nozzle sleeve (3). A spray hole is provided through the movable cylinder (4). The nozzle sleeve (3) is equipped with a sealing and cleaning mechanism, which is used to clean the spray holes; The movable cylinder (4) is equipped with an orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism, which is used to clean the position of the spray hole orifice.

2. The rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing and cleaning mechanism includes a cross (5) and a metal needle (6); the cross (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve (3), and the metal needle (6) is installed on the cross (5). The end of the metal needle (6) can be inserted into the spray hole of the movable cylinder (4).

3. The rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 2, characterized in that, A pull-back spring (7) is installed on the cross (5). The end of the pull-back spring (7) away from the cross (5) is connected to the movable cylinder (4). The pull-back spring (7) is always in a stretched state.

4. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The orifice cleaning and sealing mechanism includes a protective cleaning plate (8) and a drive assembly; the protective cleaning plate (8) is slidably mounted on the movable cylinder (4), and the protective cleaning plate (8) can cover the orifice of the spray hole; When the movable cylinder (4) slides inside the nozzle sleeve (3), the drive assembly can convert the sliding motion of the movable cylinder (4) inside the nozzle sleeve (3) into the sliding motion of the protective cleaning plate (8) on the movable cylinder (4).

5. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a connecting slider (9), a guide rod (10), and an opening spring (11); the connecting slider (9) is fixedly connected to one side of the protective cleaning plate (8), the movable cylinder (4) has a drive groove that slides with the connecting slider (9), one end of the guide rod (10) is connected to the connecting slider (9), the end of the guide rod (10) away from the connecting slider (9) passes through the movable cylinder (4) and extends to the outside of the movable cylinder (4), the inner wall of the nozzle sleeve (3) has a sloping groove (12), and the end of the guide rod (10) slides with the sloping inner wall of the sloping groove (12); The opening spring (11) is installed in the drive groove, and the two ends of the opening spring (11) abut against the inner wall of the drive groove and the connecting slider (9), respectively.

6. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a low-level water supply pipe (13), one end of which is connected to a vertical water supply pipe (14), which is connected to the installation straight pipe (1), and a drain hole (15) is provided on the low-level water supply pipe (13). A sealing mechanism is installed inside the low-level water supply pipe (13), which can seal the low-level water supply pipe (13) and the drain hole (15). An air intake mechanism is installed on the movable cylinder (4). When the drain hole (15) is opened, the air intake mechanism is opened.

7. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism includes a sealing plug (16) and a reset assembly; the sealing plug (16) is slidably installed inside the low-level water supply pipe (13), and the diameter of the sealing plug (16) is the same as the inner diameter of the low-level water supply pipe (13); When the plug (16) is moved to the drain hole (15) by the water flow and blocks the drain hole (15), the low-level water supply pipe (13) is connected to the vertical water supply pipe (14); The reset component is used to drive the sealing plug (16) to slide and reset within the low-level water supply pipe (13).

8. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reset assembly includes a limiting rod (17), a limiting block (18), a mounting box (19), and a constant force spring (20). One end of the limiting rod (17) is fixedly connected to the sealing plug (16). One end of the limiting rod (17) passes through the end of the low-level water supply pipe (13) and extends to the outside of the low-level water supply pipe (13). The limiting block (18) is installed at the end of the sealing plug (16). The mounting box (19) is installed at the end of the low-level water supply pipe (13). A rotating groove is provided inside the mounting box (19). The inner ring end of the constant force spring (20) is fixedly installed in the rotating groove. The outer ring end of the constant force spring (20) is connected to the limiting block (18).

9. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air intake mechanism includes an air pipe (21), a counterweight (22), a protective cylinder (23), a sealing gasket (24), and a lifting component; the air pipe (21) slides through the movable cylinder (4), and an air intake channel (25) is provided on the air pipe (21); the counterweight (22) is fitted on the air pipe (21); an anti-slip groove is provided in the movable cylinder (4) to slide with the counterweight (22); the protective cylinder (23) is fixedly installed on the movable cylinder (4) and is fitted on the air pipe (21); an opening is provided on the protective cylinder (23) that can communicate with the air intake port of the air intake channel (25); The sealing gasket (24) is fitted onto the bottom end of the vent pipe (21), and the sealing gasket (24) can fit against the bottom surface of the movable cylinder (4); When the nozzle sleeve (3) is filled with water, the lifting element drives the vent pipe (21) to rise and causes the sealing gasket (24) to adhere to the bottom surface of the movable cylinder (4).

10. A rapid dust suppression device for construction projects according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lifting component includes a float (26); the float (26) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the vent pipe (21).

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